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Judgment for Idolatry

44 This is the message Jeremiah received concerning the Judeans living in northern Egypt in the cities of Migdol, Tahpanhes, and Memphis,[a] and in southern Egypt[b] as well: “This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: You saw the calamity I brought on Jerusalem and all the towns of Judah. They now lie deserted and in ruins. They provoked my anger with all their wickedness. They burned incense and worshiped other gods—gods that neither they nor you nor any of your ancestors had ever even known.

“Again and again I sent my servants, the prophets, to plead with them, ‘Don’t do these horrible things that I hate so much.’ But my people would not listen or turn back from their wicked ways. They kept on burning incense to these gods. And so my fury boiled over and fell like fire on the towns of Judah and into the streets of Jerusalem, and they are still a desolate ruin today.

“And now the Lord God of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, asks you: Why are you destroying yourselves? For not one of you will survive—not a man, woman, or child among you who has come here from Judah, not even the babies in your arms. Why provoke my anger by burning incense to the idols you have made here in Egypt? You will only destroy yourselves and make yourselves an object of cursing and mockery for all the nations of the earth. Have you forgotten the sins of your ancestors, the sins of the kings and queens of Judah, and the sins you and your wives committed in Judah and Jerusalem? 10 To this very hour you have shown no remorse or reverence. No one has chosen to follow my word and the decrees I gave to you and your ancestors before you.

11 “Therefore, this is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: I am determined to destroy every one of you! 12 I will take this remnant of Judah—those who were determined to come here and live in Egypt—and I will consume them. They will fall here in Egypt, killed by war and famine. All will die, from the least to the greatest. They will be an object of damnation, horror, cursing, and mockery. 13 I will punish them in Egypt just as I punished them in Jerusalem, by war, famine, and disease. 14 Of that remnant who fled to Egypt, hoping someday to return to Judah, there will be no survivors. Even though they long to return home, only a handful will do so.”

15 Then all the women present and all the men who knew that their wives had burned incense to idols—a great crowd of all the Judeans living in northern Egypt and southern Egypt[c]—answered Jeremiah, 16 “We will not listen to your messages from the Lord! 17 We will do whatever we want. We will burn incense and pour out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven just as much as we like—just as we, and our ancestors, and our kings and officials have always done in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. For in those days we had plenty to eat, and we were well off and had no troubles! 18 But ever since we quit burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and stopped worshiping her with liquid offerings, we have been in great trouble and have been dying from war and famine.”

19 “Besides,” the women added, “do you suppose that we were burning incense and pouring out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven, and making cakes marked with her image, without our husbands knowing it and helping us? Of course not!”

20 Then Jeremiah said to all of them, men and women alike, who had given him that answer, 21 “Do you think the Lord did not know that you and your ancestors, your kings and officials, and all the people were burning incense to idols in the towns of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 22 It was because the Lord could no longer bear all the disgusting things you were doing that he made your land an object of cursing—a desolate ruin without inhabitants—as it is today. 23 All these terrible things happened to you because you have burned incense to idols and sinned against the Lord. You have refused to obey him and have not followed his instructions, his decrees, and his laws.”

24 Then Jeremiah said to them all, including the women, “Listen to this message from the Lord, all you citizens of Judah who live in Egypt. 25 This is what the Lord of Heaven’s Armies, the God of Israel, says: ‘You and your wives have said, “We will keep our promises to burn incense and pour out liquid offerings to the Queen of Heaven,” and you have proved by your actions that you meant it. So go ahead and carry out your promises and vows to her!’

26 “But listen to this message from the Lord, all you Judeans now living in Egypt: ‘I have sworn by my great name,’ says the Lord, ‘that my name will no longer be spoken by any of the Judeans in the land of Egypt. None of you may invoke my name or use this oath: “As surely as the Sovereign Lord lives.” 27 For I will watch over you to bring you disaster and not good. Everyone from Judah who is now living in Egypt will suffer war and famine until all of you are dead. 28 Only a small number will escape death and return to Judah from Egypt. Then all those who came to Egypt will find out whose words are true—mine or theirs!

29 “‘And this is the proof I give you,’ says the Lord, ‘that all I have threatened will happen to you and that I will punish you here.’ 30 This is what the Lord says: ‘I will turn Pharaoh Hophra, king of Egypt, over to his enemies who want to kill him, just as I turned King Zedekiah of Judah over to King Nebuchadnezzar[d] of Babylon.’”

Footnotes

  1. 44:1a Hebrew Noph.
  2. 44:1b Hebrew in Pathros.
  3. 44:15 Hebrew in Egypt, in Pathros.
  4. 44:30 Hebrew Nebuchadrezzar, a variant spelling of Nebuchadnezzar.

Wrath Against the Israelites in Egypt

44 The word that came to Jeremiah for all the Jews living in the land of Egypt, those who were living in (A)Migdol, (B)Tahpanhes, (C)Memphis, and the land of (D)Pathros, saying, “Thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel, ‘You yourselves have seen all the evil that I have brought on Jerusalem and all the cities of Judah; and behold, this day they are a (E)waste place and no one lives in them (F)because of their evil which they did so as to (G)provoke Me to anger by continuing to (H)burn incense and to (I)serve other gods whom they had not known, neither they, you, nor your fathers. Yet I (J)sent you all My slaves the prophets, rising up early and sending, saying, “Oh, do not do this (K)abominable thing which I hate.” But (L)they did not listen or incline their ears to turn from their evil, so as not to burn incense to other gods. Therefore My (M)wrath and My anger were poured out and burned in the (N)cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem, so they have become a waste place and a (O)desolation as it is this day. So now, thus says Yahweh, the God of hosts, the God of Israel, “Why are you (P)doing great evil against yourselves, so as to (Q)cut off from you man and woman, infant and nursing baby, from among Judah, leaving yourselves without remnant, (R)provoking Me to anger with the works of your hands, (S)burning incense to other gods in the land of Egypt, where you are entering to sojourn, so that you might be cut off and become an (T)imprecation and a reproach among all the nations of the earth? Have you forgotten the (U)evil of your fathers, the evil of the kings of Judah, and the evil of their wives, your own evil, and the evil of your wives, which they did in the land of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? 10 But they (V)have not become [a]contrite even to this day, nor have they feared nor (W)walked in My law or My statutes, which I have put before you and before your fathers.”’

11 “Therefore thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel, ‘Behold, I am going to (X)set My face against you for your evil demise, even to cut off all Judah. 12 And I will (Y)take away the remnant of Judah who have set their face on entering the land of Egypt to sojourn there, and they will all [b](Z)meet their end in the land of Egypt; they will fall by the sword and [c]meet their end by famine. Both small and great will die by the sword and famine; and they will become a (AA)curse, an object of horror, an imprecation, and a reproach. 13 And I will (AB)punish those who live in the land of Egypt, as I have punished Jerusalem, with the sword, with famine, and with pestilence. 14 So there will be (AC)no one who escapes or any survivors for the remnant of Judah who have entered the land of Egypt to sojourn there and then to return to the land of Judah, to which they are [d](AD)longing to return to live; for none will (AE)return except a few who escape.’”

15 Then (AF)all the men who knew that their wives were burning incense to other gods, along with all the women who were standing by, as a large assembly, [e]including all the people who were living in Pathros in the land of Egypt, answered to Jeremiah, saying, 16 “As for the [f](AG)message that you have spoken to us in the name of Yahweh, (AH)we are not going to listen to you! 17 But rather we will certainly (AI)carry out every word that has proceeded from our mouths, [g]by burning incense to the (AJ)queen of heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, just as (AK)we ourselves, our fathers, our kings, and our princes did in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem; for then we had (AL)plenty of [h]food and were well off and saw no evil. 18 But since we stopped burning incense to the queen of heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, we have (AM)lacked everything and have [i]met our end by the sword and by famine.” 19 “And,” said the women, “when we were (AN)burning incense to the queen of heaven and [j]were pouring out drink offerings to her, was it (AO)without our husbands that we made for her sacrificial cakes [k]in her image and poured out drink offerings to her?”

20 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, to the men and women—even to all the people who were answering him with such a word—saying, 21 “As for the [l](AP)smoking sacrifices that you offered in the cities of Judah and in the (AQ)streets of Jerusalem, you and your fathers, your kings and your princes, and the people of the land, did not Yahweh (AR)remember them and did not all this come upon His heart? 22 So Yahweh was (AS)no longer able to bear it, (AT)because of the evil of your deeds, because of the abominations which you have done; thus your land has become a (AU)waste place, an object of horror, and an imprecation, without an inhabitant, as it is this day. 23 Because you have burned incense and have sinned against Yahweh and (AV)not listened to the voice of Yahweh or (AW)walked in His law, His statutes, or His testimonies, therefore this (AX)evil has befallen you, as it has this day.”

24 Then Jeremiah said to all the people, including all the women, “(AY)Hear the word of Yahweh, all Judah who are (AZ)in the land of Egypt, 25 thus says Yahweh of hosts, the God of Israel, saying: ‘As for you and your wives, you have spoken with your mouths and fulfilled it with your hands, saying, “We will (BA)certainly perform our vows that we have vowed, to burn incense to the queen of heaven and pour out drink offerings to her.” [m](BB)Go ahead and establish your vows, and certainly perform your vows!’ 26 [n]Nevertheless, hear the word of Yahweh, all Judah who are living in the land of Egypt, ‘Behold, I have (BC)sworn by My great name,’ says Yahweh, ‘(BD)never shall My name be called upon again by the mouth of any man of Judah in all the land of Egypt, saying, “(BE)As Lord Yahweh lives.” 27 Behold, I am watching over them (BF)for [o]evil and not for good, and (BG)all the men of Judah who are in the land of Egypt will [p]meet their end by the sword and by famine until they [q]are completely consumed. 28 (BH)Those who escape the sword will return out of the land of Egypt to the land of Judah [r](BI)few in number. Then all the remnant of Judah who have gone to the land of Egypt to sojourn there will know (BJ)whose word will be established, Mine or theirs. 29 This will be the (BK)sign to you,’ declares Yahweh, ‘that I am going to punish you in this place, so that you may know that (BL)My words will surely be established against you for [s]evil.’ 30 Thus says Yahweh, ‘Behold, I am going to give over (BM)Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt to the hand of his enemies, to the hand of those who seek his life, just as I gave over (BN)Zedekiah king of Judah to the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, who was his enemy and was seeking his life.’”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 44:10 Lit crushed
  2. Jeremiah 44:12 Lit be finished
  3. Jeremiah 44:12 Lit be finished
  4. Jeremiah 44:14 Lit lifting up their soul
  5. Jeremiah 44:15 Lit and
  6. Jeremiah 44:16 Lit word
  7. Jeremiah 44:17 Or so as to burn
  8. Jeremiah 44:17 Lit bread
  9. Jeremiah 44:18 Lit been finished
  10. Jeremiah 44:19 Lit to pour
  11. Jeremiah 44:19 Lit to make an image of her
  12. Jeremiah 44:21 Heb sounds like root for incense
  13. Jeremiah 44:25 Lit Surely cause to stand
  14. Jeremiah 44:26 Lit Therefore
  15. Jeremiah 44:27 Or harm
  16. Jeremiah 44:27 Lit be finished
  17. Jeremiah 44:27 Lit come to an end
  18. Jeremiah 44:28 Lit men of number
  19. Jeremiah 44:29 Or harm