Historical
Various Statutes for Priests
22 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Tell Aaron and his sons to be careful with the holy gifts of the sons of Israel, which they set apart to Me as holy, so as not to profane My holy name; I am Yahweh. 3 Say to them, ‘(A)If any man among all your seed throughout your generations comes near to the holy gifts which the sons of Israel set apart as holy to Yahweh, and he has an uncleanness, that person shall be cut off from before Me; I am Yahweh. 4 (B)No man of the seed of Aaron, who is a leper or who has a discharge, may eat of the holy gifts until he is clean. (C)And if one touches anything made unclean by a corpse, or if (D)a man has a seminal emission, 5 or (E)if a man touches any teeming things by which he is made unclean or any man by whom he is made unclean, whatever his uncleanness, 6 a [a]person who touches any such thing shall be unclean until evening and shall not eat of the holy gifts unless he has bathed his [b]body in water. 7 But the sun will set, and he will be clean. And afterward he shall eat of the holy gifts, for (F)it is his [c]food. 8 He shall not eat (G)an animal which dies or is torn by beasts, becoming unclean by it; I am Yahweh. 9 They shall therefore keep (H)My charge so that (I)they will not bear sin because of it and die thereby because they profane it; I am Yahweh who makes them holy.
10 ‘(J)No [d]layman, however, is to eat the holy gift; a foreign resident with the priest or a hired man shall not eat of the holy gift. 11 (K)But if a priest buys a person as his property with his money, [e]that one may eat of it, and those who are born in his house may eat of his [f]food. 12 If a priest’s daughter is married to a [g]layman, she shall not eat of the [h]contribution of the holy gifts. 13 But if a priest’s daughter becomes a widow or divorced, and has no seed, and returns to her father’s house as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s [i]food; (L)but no [j]layman shall eat of it. 14 (M)But if a man eats a holy gift unintentionally, then he shall add to it a fifth of it and shall give the holy gift to the priest. 15 (N)They shall not profane the holy gifts of the sons of Israel which they raise up to Yahweh, 16 and so cause them (O)to bear [k]punishment for guilt by eating their holy gifts; for I am Yahweh who makes them holy.’”
Offerings Without Blemish
17 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 18 “Speak to Aaron and to his sons and to all the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘(P)Any man of the house of Israel or of the sojourners in Israel who brings near his offering, whether it is any of their [l]votive or any of their freewill offerings, which they bring near to Yahweh for a burnt offering— 19 (Q)for you to be accepted—it must be a male without blemish from the cattle, the sheep, or the goats. 20 (R)Whatever has a defect, you shall not bring it near, for it will not be accepted for you. 21 And when a man brings a sacrifice of peace offerings near to Yahweh (S)to [m]fulfill a special vow or for a freewill offering, of the herd or of the flock, it must be without blemish to be accepted; there shall be no defect in it. 22 Those that are blind or fractured or maimed or have a running sore or eczema or scabs, you shall not bring near to Yahweh nor make of them an offering by fire on the altar to Yahweh. 23 Now in respect to an ox or a lamb which has [n]an overgrown or stunted member, you may offer it for a freewill offering, but for a votive offering it will not be accepted. 24 Also (T)anything with its testicles bruised or crushed or torn or cut, you shall not bring near to Yahweh, and you shall not do thus in your land, 25 nor shall you bring near any such thing from the hand of a foreigner for offering (U)as the [o]food of your God; for their corruption is in them, they have a defect; they shall not be accepted for you.’”
26 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “When an ox or a sheep or a goat is born, it shall [p]remain (V)seven days [q]with its mother, and from the eighth day on it shall be accepted as a sacrifice of an offering by fire to Yahweh. 28 (W)But, whether it is an ox or a sheep, you shall not slaughter both it and its young in one day. 29 And when you sacrifice (X)a sacrifice of thanksgiving to Yahweh, you shall sacrifice it so that you may be accepted. 30 It shall be eaten on the same day; you shall leave none of it until morning; I am Yahweh. 31 (Y)So you shall keep My commandments and do them; I am Yahweh.
32 “And you shall not profane My holy name, but I will be treated as holy among the sons of Israel; I am Yahweh who makes you holy, 33 (Z)who brought you out from the land of Egypt to be your God; I am Yahweh.”
Yahweh’s Appointed Times
23 And Yahweh spoke again to Moses, saying, 2 “Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘(AA)The appointed times of Yahweh which you shall (AB)proclaim as holy convocations—My appointed times are these:
The Sabbath
3 ‘(AC)For six days work may be done, but on the seventh day there is a sabbath of complete rest, a holy convocation. You shall not do any work; it is a sabbath to Yahweh in all your places of habitation.
The Passover
4 ‘These are the (AD)appointed times of Yahweh, holy convocations which you shall proclaim at the times appointed for them. 5 (AE)In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month [r]at twilight is the Passover of Yahweh. 6 Then on the fifteenth day of the same month there is the (AF)Feast of Unleavened Bread to Yahweh; for seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. 7 On the first day you shall have a holy convocation; you shall (AG)not do any laborious work. 8 But for seven days you shall bring near an offering by fire to Yahweh. On the seventh day is a holy convocation; you shall not do any laborious work.’”
The Feast of the Harvest
9 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 10 “Speak to the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘When you enter the land which I am going to give to you and (AH)reap its harvest, then you shall bring in the sheaf of the first fruits of your harvest to the priest. 11 And he shall wave the sheaf before Yahweh for you to be accepted; on the day after the sabbath the priest shall wave it. 12 Now on the day when you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a male lamb one year old without blemish for a burnt offering to Yahweh. 13 Its (AI)grain offering shall then be two-tenths of an [s]ephah of fine flour mixed with oil, an offering by fire to Yahweh for a soothing aroma, with its drink offering, a fourth of a [t]hin of wine. 14 Until this same day, until you have brought in the offering of your God, (AJ)you shall eat neither bread nor roasted grain nor new growth. It is to be a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all your places of habitation.
The Feast of Weeks
15 ‘(AK)You shall also count for yourselves from the day after the sabbath, from the day when you brought in the sheaf of the wave offering; there shall be seven complete sabbaths. 16 You shall count fifty days to the day after the seventh sabbath; then you shall bring a (AL)new grain offering near to Yahweh. 17 You shall bring in from your places of habitation two loaves of bread for a wave offering, made of two-tenths of an [u]ephah; they shall be of a fine flour, baked (AM)with leaven as first fruits to Yahweh. 18 Along with the bread you shall bring near seven one year old male lambs without blemish and a bull from the herd and two rams; they shall be a burnt offering to Yahweh, with their grain offering and their drink offerings, an offering by fire of a soothing aroma to Yahweh. 19 You shall also offer (AN)one male goat for a sin offering and two male lambs one year old for a sacrifice of peace offerings. 20 The priest shall then wave them with the bread of the first fruits for a wave offering with two lambs before Yahweh; they shall be holy to Yahweh for the priest. 21 On this same day you shall (AO)make a proclamation as well; it shall be a holy convocation for you. You shall do no laborious (AP)work. It is to be a perpetual statute in all your places of habitation throughout your generations.
22 ‘(AQ)When you reap the harvest of your land, moreover, you shall not reap to the very corners of your field nor gather the gleaning of your harvest; you are to leave them for the afflicted and the sojourner. I am Yahweh your God.’”
The Feast of Trumpets
23 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 24 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘(AR)In the seventh month on the first of the month you shall have a [v]rest, a (AS)memorial by blowing of trumpets, a holy convocation. 25 You shall (AT)not do any laborious work, but you shall bring an offering by fire near to Yahweh.’”
The Day of Atonement
26 And Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “On exactly (AU)the tenth day of this seventh month is (AV)the day of atonement; it shall be a holy convocation for you, and you shall humble your souls and bring an offering by fire near to Yahweh. 28 And you shall not do any work on this same day, for it is a (AW)day of atonement, (AX)to make atonement on your behalf before Yahweh your God. 29 If there is any [w]person who will not humble himself on this same day, (AY)he shall be cut off from his people. 30 And as for any person who does any work on this same day, that person I will cause to perish from among his people. 31 You shall do no work at all. It is to be a perpetual statute throughout your generations in all your places of habitation. 32 It is to be a sabbath of complete rest to you, and you shall humble your souls; on the ninth of the month at evening, from evening until evening you shall keep your sabbath.”
The Feast of Booths
33 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 34 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying, ‘On (AZ)the fifteenth of this seventh month is the (BA)Feast of Booths for seven days to Yahweh. 35 On the first day is a holy convocation; you shall do (BB)no laborious work of any kind. 36 (BC)For seven days you shall bring an offering by fire near to Yahweh. On (BD)the eighth day you shall have a holy convocation and bring an offering by fire near to Yahweh; it is a solemn assembly. You shall do no laborious work.
37 ‘These are (BE)the appointed times of Yahweh which you shall proclaim as holy convocations, to bring offerings by fire near to Yahweh—burnt offerings and grain offerings, sacrifices and drink offerings, (BF)each day’s matter on its own day— 38 besides those of the sabbaths of Yahweh and besides your gifts and besides all your [x]votive and freewill offerings, which you give to Yahweh.
39 ‘On exactly the fifteenth day of the seventh month, (BG)when you have gathered in the produce of the land, you shall celebrate the feast of Yahweh for seven days, with a [y]rest on the first day and a [z]rest on the eighth day. 40 And on the first day you shall take for yourselves the [aa]foliage of beautiful trees, palm branches and boughs of leafy trees and willows of the brook, and you shall be glad before Yahweh your God for seven days. 41 You shall thus celebrate it as a feast to Yahweh for seven days in the year. It shall be a perpetual statute throughout your generations; you shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 You shall [ab]live (BH)in booths for seven days; all the native-born in Israel shall [ac]live in booths, 43 so that (BI)your generations may know that I had the sons of Israel live in booths when I brought them out from the land of Egypt. I am Yahweh your God.’” 44 So Moses spoke to the sons of Israel (BJ)the appointed times of Yahweh.
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