Numbers 35
New Catholic Bible
Chapter 35
The Levites’ Share. 1 The Lord spoke to Moses in the plain of Moab near the Jordan, across from Jericho, saying, 2 “Command the people of Israel to give cities to the Levites from the inheritance that they will possess. Also give the Levites pastures around the cities. 3 They are to have cities in which they can dwell as well as pastures for their cattle, their flocks, and all their other animals. 4 The pastures that you will give the Levites around the cities will extend one thousand cubits[a] from the city wall.
5 “Outside of the city, measure two thousand cubits on the east side, two thousand cubits on the south side, two thousand cubits on the west side, and two thousand cubits on the north side, with the city in the middle. This will be the pastures for the city.
6 “Six of the cities that you give to the Levites will be established as cities of refuge to which a person who has killed another can flee. In addition, there are to be another forty-two cities. 7 In all you will give the Levites forty-eight cities along with their pastures. 8 The cities that you will give the Levites from the possession of Israel will be given according to the inheritance that they have inherited. Those who have more will give more and those who have less will give less.”
Cities of Refuge. 9 The Lord said to Moses, 10 “Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, ‘When you cross the Jordan into the land of Canaan, 11 choose cities that will be your cities of refuge to which a person who has accidentally killed another person can flee. 12 These will be cities of refuge from the kinsman avenger[b] so that the killer will not die until he has received judgment before the assembly. 13 These six cities that you give will be your cities of refuge. 14 Give three cities across the Jordan and give three cities in the land of Canaan to be your cities of refuge. 15 These six cities will be a refuge for the people of Israel, for foreigners, and for foreigners dwelling among them, to which a person who has killed accidentally can flee.
16 Treatment of Murderers.“ ‘If someone strikes another with an iron object to kill him, then he is a murderer. The murderer will be put to death. 17 If someone strikes another with a stone in his hand to kill him, then he is a murderer. The murderer will be put to death. 18 If someone strikes another with a wooden object in his hand to kill him, then he is a murderer. The murderer will be put to death. 19 The kinsman avenger of blood will kill him. When he meets the murderer, he will put him to death. 20 If anyone pushes another person out of hatred or lays in wait and throws something at him in order to kill him, 21 or if with bitterness he strikes someone with his hand in order to kill him, then that person will be put to death, for he is a murderer. The kinsman avenger of blood will kill the murderer when he meets him.
22 “ ‘But if someone without bitterness pushes another person or throws something at him without his lying in wait, 23 or he has a deadly stone object and he does not see the other, but drops it on him causing him to die, and he was not an enemy nor was he seeking to harm the other person, 24 then the assembly will judge between the killer and the kinsman avenger of blood according to these ordinances: 25 the assembly will save the killer from the hands of the kinsman avenger of blood. The assembly will send him back to the city of refuge to which he fled. He will live in it until the death of the high priest who was anointed with holy oil.
26 “ ‘But if the killer at any time crosses over the boundary of the city of refuge to which he has fled, 27 and the kinsman avenger of blood finds him outside of the boundary of the city of refuge, and the kinsman avenger of blood kills the killer, he will not be considered to have blood guilt. 28 He should have remained in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest. After the death of the high priest, the killer can return to the land of his possession. 29 These things will be a statute and an ordinance for you for all of your generations and in all of your dwellings.
30 “ ‘If a person kills another, the murderer will be put to death upon the testimony of witnesses. But no one is to be put to death on the testimony of a single witness. 31 You are not to accept a ransom for the murderer who is guilty of death; he is to be put to death. 32 You are not to take a ransom from someone who has fled to his city of refuge who wants to return to live in the land before the death of the priest.
33 “ ‘You are not to pollute the land in which you live, for blood pollutes the land, and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed upon it except through the blood of the person who shed it. 34 You are not to pollute the land in which you dwell, for I dwell in it; I, the Lord, dwell among the people of Israel.’ ”
Footnotes
- Numbers 35:4 Cubits: Hebrew for feet. A cubit was about a half-meter.
- Numbers 35:12 The avenger (Hebrew, goel) is the closest relative of the victim; it is up to him to see justice done (see v. 19; Gen 4:15; 9:6; Deut 19:12; 2 Sam 14:11). He is also the authorized protector of his relatives; in particular, he must prevent the alienation of their properties (see Lev 25:23-25; Ru 4:3ff). By extension, God will be called “the goel of Israel” (Ps 18:14; Isa 41:14; Jer 50:34). A goel is basically a protector.
Numbers 35
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 35
Cities for the Levites. 1 The Lord spoke to Moses on the plains of Moab by the Jordan opposite Jericho: 2 (A)Command the Israelites out of the heritage they possess to give the Levites cities to dwell in; you will also give the Levites the pasture lands around the cities. 3 The cities will be for them to dwell in, and the pasture lands will be for their cattle, their flocks, and all their other animals. 4 The pasture lands of the cities to be assigned the Levites shall extend a thousand cubits out from the city walls in every direction. 5 You will measure out two thousand cubits outside the city along the east side, two thousand cubits along the south side, two thousand cubits along the west side, and two thousand cubits along the north side, with the city lying in the center. These will be the pasture lands of their cities.
6 (B)Now these are the cities you will give to the Levites: the six cities of asylum which you must establish for the homicide to run to, and in addition forty-two other cities— 7 a total of forty-eight cities with their pasture lands which you will assign to the Levites. 8 [a]In assigning the cities from what the Israelites possess, take more from a larger group and fewer from a smaller one, so that each will cede cities to the Levites in proportion to the heritage which it receives.
Cities of Asylum. 9 (C)The Lord spoke to Moses: 10 Speak to the Israelites and say to them: When you go across the Jordan into the land of Canaan, 11 select for yourselves cities to serve as cities of asylum, where a homicide who has killed someone inadvertently may flee. 12 These cities will serve you as places of asylum from the avenger of blood,[b] so that a homicide will not be put to death until tried before the community. 13 As for the cities you assign, you will have six cities of asylum: 14 you will designate three cities beyond the Jordan, and you will designate three cities in the land of Canaan. These will be cities of asylum. 15 These six cities will serve as places of asylum for the Israelites, and for the resident or transient aliens among them, so that anyone who has killed a person inadvertently may flee there.
Murder and Manslaughter. 16 [c]If someone strikes another with an iron instrument and causes death, that person is a murderer, and the murderer must be put to death.(D) 17 If someone strikes another with a death-dealing stone in the hand and death results, that person is a murderer, and the murderer must be put to death. 18 Or if someone strikes another with a death-dealing club in the hand and death results, that person is a murderer, and the murderer must be put to death. 19 The avenger of blood is the one who will kill the murderer, putting the individual to death on sight.
20 If someone pushes another out of hatred, or throws something from an ambush, and death results,(E) 21 or strikes another with the hand out of enmity and death results, the assailant must be put to death as a murderer. The avenger of blood will kill the murderer on sight.
22 (F)However, if someone pushes another without malice aforethought, or without lying in ambush throws some object at another, 23 or without seeing drops upon another some death-dealing stone and death results, although there was neither enmity nor malice— 24 then the community will judge between the assailant and the avenger of blood in accordance with these norms. 25 The community will deliver the homicide from the avenger of blood and the community will return the homicide to the city of asylum where the latter had fled;(G) and the individual will stay there until the death of the high priest who has been anointed with sacred oil. 26 If the homicide leaves at all the bounds of the city of asylum to which flight had been made, 27 and is found by the avenger of blood beyond the bounds of the city of asylum, and the avenger of blood kills the homicide, the avenger incurs no bloodguilt; 28 for the homicide was required to stay in the city of asylum until the death of the high priest. Only after the death of the high priest may the homicide return to the land of the homicide’s possession.
29 This is the statute for you throughout all your generations, wherever you live, for rendering judgment.
Judgment. 30 Whenever someone kills another, the evidence of witnesses is required to kill the murderer.(H) A single witness does not suffice for putting a person to death.
No Indemnity. 31 You will not accept compensation in place of the life of a murderer who deserves to die, but that person must be put to death. 32 Nor will you accept compensation to allow one who has fled to a city of asylum to return to live in the land before the death of the high priest. 33 You will not pollute the land where you live. For bloodshed pollutes the land, and the land can have no expiation for the blood shed on it except through the blood of the one who shed it. 34 Do not defile the land in which you live and in the midst of which I dwell;(I) for I the Lord dwell in the midst of the Israelites.
Footnotes
- 35:8 This provision was hardly observed in the actual assignment of the levitical cities as narrated in Jos 21.
- 35:12 The avenger of blood: Hebrew, go’el, often translated as “redeemer,” one who, as next of kin to the slain (2 Sm 14:7), and here, as executor of public justice, had the right and duty to take the life of the murderer; cf. Dt 19:6, 12; Jos 20:3, 5, 9.
- 35:16–25 Here, as also in Dt 19:1–13, there is a casuistic development of the original law as stated in Ex 21:12–14.
Números 35
Nueva Biblia de las Américas
Ciudades para los levitas y ciudades de refugio
35 (A)El Señor habló a Moisés en las llanuras de Moab, junto al Jordán, frente a Jericó y le dijo: 2 «Manda a los israelitas que de la herencia de su posesión den a los levitas ciudades en que puedan habitar; también darán a los levitas tierras de pasto alrededor de las ciudades. 3 Las ciudades serán suyas para habitar; y sus tierras de pasto serán para sus animales, para sus ganados y para todas sus bestias(B).
4 »Las tierras de pasto de las ciudades que darán a los levitas se extenderán desde la muralla de la ciudad hacia afuera 1,000 codos (450 metros) alrededor. 5 Medirán también afuera de la ciudad, al lado oriental 2,000 codos (900 metros), al lado sur 2,000 codos, al lado occidental 2,000 codos, y al lado norte 2,000 codos, con la ciudad en el centro. Esto será de ellos para tierras de pasto en las ciudades.
6 »De las ciudades que ustedes darán a los levitas, seis serán ciudades de refugio(C). Darán estas ciudades para que el que haya matado a alguien huya a ellas. Además de estas, les darán cuarenta y dos ciudades. 7 Todas las ciudades que ustedes darán a los levitas serán cuarenta y ocho ciudades(D), junto con sus tierras de pasto. 8 En cuanto a las ciudades que darán de la posesión de los israelitas, tomarán más del más grande y tomarán menos del más pequeño; cada uno dará algunas de sus ciudades a los levitas en proporción a la posesión que herede(E)».
9 Luego el Señor dijo a Moisés: 10 «(F)Habla a los israelitas, y diles: “Cuando crucen el Jordán a la tierra de Canaán, 11 escogerán para ustedes ciudades para que sean sus ciudades de refugio(G), a fin de que pueda huir allí el que haya matado a alguna persona sin intención(H). 12 Las ciudades serán para ustedes como refugio contra el vengador, para que el que haya matado a alguien no muera hasta que comparezca delante de la congregación para juicio(I).
13 ”Las ciudades que darán serán sus seis ciudades de refugio. 14 Darán tres ciudades al otro lado del Jordán y tres ciudades(J) en la tierra de Canaán; serán ciudades de refugio. 15 Estas seis ciudades serán por refugio para los israelitas, y para el extranjero y para el peregrino entre ellos, para que huya allí cualquiera que sin intención(K) mate a una persona.
16 ”Pero si lo hirió con un objeto de hierro, y murió, es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte(L). 17 Y si lo hirió con una piedra en la mano, por la cual pueda morir, y muere, es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte(M). 18 O si lo golpeó con un objeto de madera en la mano, por lo cual pueda morir, y muere, es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte. 19 El vengador de sangre, él mismo dará muerte al asesino; le dará muerte cuando se encuentre con él. 20 Y si lo empujó con odio(N), o le arrojó algo mientras lo acechaba, y murió(O), 21 o si lo hirió con la mano en enemistad, y murió, al que lo hirió ciertamente se le dará muerte; es un asesino. El vengador de sangre dará muerte al asesino cuando se encuentre con él.
22 ”Pero si lo empujó súbitamente sin enemistad, o le arrojó algo sin acecharlo(P), 23 o tiró cualquier piedra que pudo matarlo, y sin ver que le cayó encima, murió, no siendo su enemigo ni procurando herirlo, 24 entonces la congregación juzgará entre el que mató y el vengador de la sangre conforme a estas ordenanzas(Q). 25 La congregación librará al acusado de la mano del vengador de sangre, y la congregación lo restaurará a la ciudad de refugio a la cual huyó; y vivirá en ella hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote que fue ungido con óleo santo.
26 ”Pero si el que causó la muerte del otro sale alguna vez de los límites de la ciudad de refugio a la cual pudo huir, 27 y el vengador de sangre lo encuentra fuera de los límites de la ciudad de refugio, y el vengador de sangre mata al acusado, no será culpable de sangre. 28 Porque el acusado debió haber permanecido en la ciudad de refugio hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote. Pero después de la muerte del sumo sacerdote, el que mató a otro volverá a su tierra.
29 ”Estas cosas serán por norma de derecho(R) para ustedes por sus generaciones en todas sus moradas. 30 Si alguien mata a una persona, al asesino se le dará muerte(S) ante la evidencia de testigos, pero a ninguna persona se le dará muerte por el testimonio de un solo testigo(T). 31 Además, ustedes no tomarán rescate por la vida de un asesino que es culpable de muerte, sino que de cierto se le dará muerte; 32 y no tomarán rescate por el que ha huido a la ciudad de refugio para que vuelva y habite en la tierra antes de la muerte del sacerdote. 33 Así que no contaminarán la tierra en que están; porque la sangre contamina la tierra(U), y no se puede hacer expiación por la tierra, por la sangre derramada en ella, excepto mediante la sangre del que la derramó(V). 34 Y no contaminarán la tierra en que ustedes viven(W), en medio de la cual Yo habito(X), pues Yo, el Señor, habito en medio de los israelitas”».
Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.
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