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12 Ac efe a ddechreuodd ddywedyd wrthynt ar ddamhegion. Gŵr a blannodd winllan, ac a ddododd gae o’i hamgylch, ac a gloddiodd le i’r gwingafn, ac a adeiladodd dŵr, ac a’i gosododd hi allan i lafurwyr, ac a aeth oddi cartref. Ac efe a anfonodd was mewn amser at y llafurwyr, i dderbyn gan y llafurwyr o ffrwyth y winllan. A hwy a’i daliasant ef, ac a’i baeddasant, ac a’i gyrasant ymaith yn waglaw. A thrachefn yr anfonodd efe atynt was arall; a hwnnw y taflasant gerrig ato, ac yr archollasant ei ben, ac a’i gyrasant ymaith yn amharchus. A thrachefn yr anfonodd efe un arall; a hwnnw a laddasant: a llawer eraill; gan faeddu rhai, a lladd y lleill. Am hynny eto, a chanddo un mab, ei anwylyd, efe a anfonodd hwnnw hefyd atynt yn ddiwethaf gan ddywedyd, Hwy a barchant fy mab i. Ond y llafurwyr hynny a ddywedasant yn eu plith eu hunain, Hwn yw’r etifedd; deuwch, lladdwn ef, a’r etifeddiaeth fydd eiddom ni. A hwy a’i daliasant ef, ac a’i lladdasant, ac a’i bwriasant allan o’r winllan. Beth gan hynny a wna arglwydd y winllan? efe a ddaw, ac a ddifetha’r llafurwyr, ac a rydd y winllan i eraill. 10 Oni ddarllenasoch yr ysgrythur hon? Y maen a wrthododd yr adeiladwyr, hwn a wnaethpwyd yn ben y gongl: 11 Hyn a wnaethpwyd gan yr Arglwydd; a rhyfedd yw yn ein golwg ni. 12 A hwy a geisiasant ei ddala ef; ac yr oedd arnynt ofn y dyrfa: canys hwy a wyddent mai yn eu herbyn hwy y dywedasai efe y ddameg: a hwy a’i gadawsant ef, ac a aethant ymaith.

13 A hwy a anfonasant ato rai o’r Phariseaid, ac o’r Herodianiaid, i’w rwydo ef yn ei ymadrodd. 14 Hwythau, pan ddaethant, a ddywedasant wrtho, Athro, ni a wyddom dy fod di yn eirwir, ac nad oes arnat ofal rhag neb: canys nid wyt ti yn edrych ar wyneb dynion, ond yr wyt yn dysgu ffordd Duw mewn gwirionedd: Ai cyfreithlon rhoi teyrnged i Gesar, ai nid yw? a roddwn, ai ni roddwn hi? 15 Ond efe, gan wybod eu rhagrith hwynt, a ddywedodd wrthynt, Paham y temtiwch fi? dygwch i mi geiniog, fel y gwelwyf hi. 16 A hwy a’i dygasant. Ac efe a ddywedodd wrthynt, Eiddo pwy yw’r ddelw hon a’r argraff? A hwy a ddywedasant wrtho, Eiddo Cesar. 17 A’r Iesu a atebodd ac a ddywedodd wrthynt, Rhoddwch yr eiddo Cesar i Gesar, a’r eiddo Duw i Dduw. A rhyfeddu a wnaethant o’i blegid.

18 Daeth y Sadwceaid hefyd ato, y rhai a ddywedant nad oes atgyfodiad; a gofynasant iddo, gan ddywedyd, 19 Athro, Moses a ysgrifennodd i ni, O bydd marw brawd neb, a gadu ei wraig, ac heb adu plant, am gymryd o’i frawd ei wraig ef, a chodi had i’w frawd. 20 Yr oedd gan hynny saith o frodyr: a’r cyntaf a gymerth wraig; a phan fu farw, ni adawodd had. 21 A’r ail a’i cymerth hi, ac a fu farw, ac ni adawodd yntau had: a’r trydydd yr un modd. 22 A hwy a’i cymerasant hi ill saith, ac ni adawsant had. Yn ddiwethaf o’r cwbl bu farw’r wraig hefyd. 23 Yn yr atgyfodiad gan hynny, pan atgyfodant, gwraig i ba un ohonynt fydd hi? canys y saith a’i cawsant hi yn wraig. 24 A’r Iesu a atebodd, ac a ddywedodd wrthynt, Onid am hyn yr ydych yn cyfeiliorni, am nad ydych yn gwybod yr ysgrythurau, na gallu Duw? 25 Canys pan atgyfodant o feirw, ni wreicant, ac ni ŵrant; eithr y maent fel yr angylion sydd yn y nefoedd. 26 Ond am y meirw, yr atgyfodir hwynt; oni ddarllenasoch chwi yn llyfr Moses, y modd y llefarodd Duw wrtho yn y berth, gan ddywedyd, Myfi yw Duw Abraham, a Duw Isaac, a Duw Jacob? 27 Nid yw efe Dduw’r meirw, ond Duw’r rhai byw: am hynny yr ydych chwi yn cyfeiliorni’n fawr.

28 Ac un o’r ysgrifenyddion a ddaeth, wedi eu clywed hwynt yn ymresymu, a gwybod ateb ohono iddynt yn gymwys, ac a ofynnodd iddo, Pa un yw’r gorchymyn cyntaf o’r cwbl? 29 A’r Iesu a atebodd iddo, Y cyntaf o’r holl orchmynion yw, Clyw, Israel; Yr Arglwydd ein Duw, un Arglwydd yw: 30 A châr yr Arglwydd dy Dduw â’th holl galon, ac â’th holl enaid, ac â’th holl feddwl, ac â’th holl nerth. Hwn yw’r gorchymyn cyntaf. 31 A’r ail sydd gyffelyb iddo; Câr dy gymydog fel ti dy hun. Nid oes orchymyn arall mwy na’r rhai hyn. 32 A dywedodd yr ysgrifennydd wrtho, Da, Athro, mewn gwirionedd y dywedaist, mai un Duw sydd, ac nad oes arall ond efe: 33 A’i garu ef â’r holl galon, ac â’r holl ddeall, ac â’r holl enaid, ac â’r holl nerth, a charu ei gymydog megis ei hun, sydd fwy na’r holl boethoffrymau a’r aberthau. 34 A’r Iesu, pan welodd iddo ateb yn synhwyrol, a ddywedodd wrtho, Nid wyt ti bell oddi wrth deyrnas Dduw. Ac ni feiddiodd neb mwy ymofyn ag ef.

35 A’r Iesu a atebodd ac a ddywedodd, wrth ddysgu yn y deml, Pa fodd y dywed yr ysgrifenyddion fod Crist yn fab Dafydd? 36 Canys Dafydd ei hun a ddywedodd trwy’r Ysbryd Glân, Yr Arglwydd a ddywedodd wrth fy Arglwydd, Eistedd ar fy neheulaw, hyd oni osodwyf dy elynion yn droedfainc i’th draed. 37 Y mae Dafydd ei hun, gan hynny, yn ei alw ef yn Arglwydd; ac o ba le y mae efe yn fab iddo? A llawer o bobl a’i gwrandawent ef yn ewyllysgar.

38 Ac efe a ddywedodd wrthynt yn ei athrawiaeth, Ymogelwch rhag yr ysgrifenyddion, y rhai a chwenychant rodio mewn gwisgoedd llaesion, a chael cyfarch yn y marchnadoedd, 39 A’r prif gadeiriau yn y synagogau, a’r prif eisteddleoedd mewn swperau; 40 Y rhai sydd yn llwyr fwyta tai gwragedd gweddwon, ac mewn rhith yn hir weddïo: y rhai hyn a dderbyniant farnedigaeth fwy.

41 A’r Iesu a eisteddodd gyferbyn â’r drysorfa, ac a edrychodd pa fodd yr oedd y bobl yn bwrw arian i’r drysorfa: a chyfoethogion lawer a fwriasant lawer. 42 A rhyw wraig weddw dlawd a ddaeth, ac a fwriodd i mewn ddwy hatling, yr hyn yw ffyrling. 43 Ac efe a alwodd ei ddisgyblion ato, ac a ddywedodd wrthynt, Yn wir yr wyf yn dywedyd i chwi, fwrw o’r wraig weddw dlawd hon i mewn fwy na’r rhai oll a fwriasant i’r drysorfa. 44 Canys hwynt‐hwy oll a fwriasant o’r hyn a oedd yng ngweddill ganddynt: ond hon o’i heisiau a fwriodd i mewn yr hyn oll a feddai, sef ei holl fywyd.

12 And he began to speak unto them by parables. A certain man planted a vineyard, and set an hedge about it, and digged a place for the winefat, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country.

And at the season he sent to the husbandmen a servant, that he might receive from the husbandmen of the fruit of the vineyard.

And they caught him, and beat him, and sent him away empty.

And again he sent unto them another servant; and at him they cast stones, and wounded him in the head, and sent him away shamefully handled.

And again he sent another; and him they killed, and many others; beating some, and killing some.

Having yet therefore one son, his wellbeloved, he sent him also last unto them, saying, They will reverence my son.

But those husbandmen said among themselves, This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance shall be ours.'

And they took him, and killed him, and cast him out of the vineyard.

What shall therefore the lord of the vineyard do? he will come and destroy the husbandmen, and will give the vineyard unto others.

10 And have ye not read this scripture; The stone which the builders rejected is become the head of the corner:

11 This was the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes?

12 And they sought to lay hold on him, but feared the people: for they knew that he had spoken the parable against them: and they left him, and went their way.

13 And they send unto him certain of the Pharisees and of the Herodians, to catch him in his words.

14 And when they were come, they say unto him, Master, we know that thou art true, and carest for no man: for thou regardest not the person of men, but teachest the way of God in truth: Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?

15 Shall we give, or shall we not give? But he, knowing their hypocrisy, said unto them, Why tempt ye me? bring me a penny, that I may see it.

16 And they brought it. And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription? And they said unto him, Caesar's.

17 And Jesus answering said unto them, Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's. And they marvelled at him.

18 Then come unto him the Sadducees, which say there is no resurrection; and they asked him, saying,

19 Master, Moses wrote unto us, If a man's brother die, and leave his wife behind him, and leave no children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

20 Now there were seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and dying left no seed.

21 And the second took her, and died, neither left he any seed: and the third likewise.

22 And the seven had her, and left no seed: last of all the woman died also.

23 In the resurrection therefore, when they shall rise, whose wife shall she be of them? for the seven had her to wife.

24 And Jesus answering said unto them, Do ye not therefore err, because ye know not the scriptures, neither the power of God?

25 For when they shall rise from the dead, they neither marry, nor are given in marriage; but are as the angels which are in heaven.

26 And as touching the dead, that they rise: have ye not read in the book of Moses, how in the bush God spake unto him, saying, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob?

27 He is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living: ye therefore do greatly err.

28 And one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, and perceiving that he had answered them well, asked him, Which is the first commandment of all?

29 And Jesus answered him, The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord:

30 And thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength: this is the first commandment.

31 And the second is like, namely this, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. There is none other commandment greater than these.

32 And the scribe said unto him, Well, Master, thou hast said the truth: for there is one God; and there is none other but he:

33 And to love him with all the heart, and with all the understanding, and with all the soul, and with all the strength, and to love his neighbour as himself, is more than all whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.

34 And when Jesus saw that he answered discreetly, he said unto him, Thou art not far from the kingdom of God. And no man after that durst ask him any question.

35 And Jesus answered and said, while he taught in the temple, How say the scribes that Christ is the son of David?

36 For David himself said by the Holy Ghost, The Lord said to my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

37 David therefore himself calleth him Lord; and whence is he then his son? And the common people heard him gladly.

38 And he said unto them in his doctrine, Beware of the scribes, which love to go in long clothing, and love salutations in the marketplaces,

39 And the chief seats in the synagogues, and the uppermost rooms at feasts:

40 Which devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayers: these shall receive greater damnation.

41 And Jesus sat over against the treasury, and beheld how the people cast money into the treasury: and many that were rich cast in much.

42 And there came a certain poor widow, and she threw in two mites, which make a farthing.

43 And he called unto him his disciples, and saith unto them, Verily I say unto you, That this poor widow hath cast more in, than all they which have cast into the treasury:

44 For all they did cast in of their abundance; but she of her want did cast in all that she had, even all her living.

The Parable of the Tenants

12 (A)And he began to speak to them in parables. “A man planted (B)a vineyard (C)and put a fence around it and dug a pit for the winepress and built a tower, and (D)leased it to tenants and (E)went into another country. When the season came, he sent a servant[a] to the tenants to get from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. (F)And they took him and beat him and sent him away empty-handed. (G)Again (H)he sent to them another servant, and (I)they struck him on the head and (J)treated him shamefully. (K)And he sent another, and him they killed. And so with many others: some they beat, and some they killed. He had still one other, (L)a beloved son. (M)Finally he sent him to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ But those tenants said to one another, (N)‘This is the heir. Come, (O)let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ And they took him and killed him and (P)threw him out of the vineyard. What will the owner of the vineyard do? (Q)He will (R)come and destroy the tenants and (S)give the vineyard to others. 10 (T)Have you not read (U)this Scripture:

(V)“‘The stone that the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;[b]
11 this was the Lord's doing,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”

12 And (W)they were seeking to arrest him (X)but feared the people, for they perceived that he had told the parable against them. So they (Y)left him and went away.

Paying Taxes to Caesar

13 (Z)And they sent to him some of (AA)the Pharisees and some of (AB)the Herodians, to (AC)trap him in his talk. 14 And they came and said to him, “Teacher, (AD)we know that you are true and do not care about anyone's opinion. For (AE)you are not swayed by appearances,[c] but truly teach (AF)the way of God. Is it lawful to pay (AG)taxes to (AH)Caesar, or not? Should we pay them, or should we not?” 15 But, knowing (AI)their hypocrisy, he said to them, “Why (AJ)put me to the test? Bring me (AK)a denarius[d] and let me look at it.” 16 And they brought one. And he said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” They said to him, “Caesar's.” 17 Jesus said to them, (AL)“Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's.” And they marveled at him.

The Sadducees Ask About the Resurrection

18 And (AM)Sadducees came to him, (AN)who say that there is no resurrection. And they asked him a question, saying, 19 “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that (AO)if a man's brother dies and leaves a wife, but leaves no child, the man[e] must take the widow and raise up offspring for his brother. 20 There were seven brothers; the first took a wife, and when he died left no offspring. 21 And the second took her, and died, leaving no offspring. And the third likewise. 22 And the seven left no offspring. Last of all the woman also died. 23 In the resurrection, when they rise again, whose wife will she be? For the seven had her as wife.”

24 Jesus said to them, “Is this not the reason you are wrong, because (AP)you know neither the Scriptures nor (AQ)the power of God? 25 For when they rise from the dead, they neither (AR)marry nor (AS)are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven. 26 And as for the dead being raised, (AT)have you not read in (AU)the book of Moses, in (AV)the passage about the bush, how God spoke to him, saying, (AW)‘I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? 27 He is not God of the dead, but of the living. You are quite wrong.”

The Great Commandment

28 (AX)And one of the scribes came up and heard them disputing with one another, and seeing that he answered them well, asked him, “Which commandment is the most important of all?” 29 Jesus answered, “The most important is, (AY)‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, (AZ)the Lord is one. 30 And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’ 31 (BA)The second is this: (BB)‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other commandment (BC)greater than these.” 32 And the scribe said to him, “You are right, Teacher. You have truly said that (BD)he is one, and (BE)there is no other besides him. 33 And to love him with all the heart and with all (BF)the understanding and with all the strength, and to love one's neighbor as oneself, (BG)is much more than all (BH)whole burnt offerings and sacrifices.” 34 And when Jesus saw that he answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” (BI)And after that no one dared to ask him any more questions.

Whose Son Is the Christ?

35 (BJ)And as (BK)Jesus taught in the temple, he said, “How can the scribes say that (BL)the Christ is the son of David? 36 David himself, (BM)in the Holy Spirit, declared,

(BN)“‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at my right hand,
    until I put your enemies (BO)under your feet.”’

37 David himself calls him Lord. So (BP)how is he his son?” And the great throng (BQ)heard him gladly.

Beware of the Scribes

38 (BR)And in his teaching he said, “Beware of the scribes, who like to walk around in long robes and like greetings in the marketplaces 39 and have the best seats in the synagogues and (BS)the places of honor at feasts, 40 (BT)who devour widows' houses and (BU)for a pretense make long prayers. They will receive the greater condemnation.”

The Widow's Offering

41 (BV)And he sat down opposite (BW)the treasury and watched the people (BX)putting money into the offering box. Many rich people put in large sums. 42 And a poor widow came and put in two (BY)small copper coins, which make a penny.[f] 43 And he called his disciples to him and said to them, “Truly, I say to you, (BZ)this poor widow has put in more than all those who are contributing to the offering box. 44 For they all contributed out of their abundance, but she out of her (CA)poverty has put in everything she had, all (CB)she had to live on.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:2 Or bondservant; also verse 4
  2. Mark 12:10 Greek the head of the corner
  3. Mark 12:14 Greek you do not look at people's faces
  4. Mark 12:15 A denarius was a day's wage for a laborer
  5. Mark 12:19 Greek his brother
  6. Mark 12:42 Greek two lepta, which make a kodrantes; a kodrantes (Latin quadrans) was a Roman copper coin worth about 1/64 of a denarius (which was a day's wage for a laborer)