Paul and the False Apostles

11 I hope you will put up with(A) me in a little foolishness.(B) Yes, please put up with me! I am jealous for you with a godly jealousy. I promised you to one husband,(C) to Christ, so that I might present you(D) as a pure virgin to him. But I am afraid that just as Eve was deceived by the serpent’s cunning,(E) your minds may somehow be led astray from your sincere and pure devotion to Christ. For if someone comes to you and preaches a Jesus other than the Jesus we preached,(F) or if you receive a different spirit(G) from the Spirit you received, or a different gospel(H) from the one you accepted, you put up with it(I) easily enough.

I do not think I am in the least inferior to those “super-apostles.”[a](J) I may indeed be untrained as a speaker,(K) but I do have knowledge.(L) We have made this perfectly clear to you in every way. Was it a sin(M) for me to lower myself in order to elevate you by preaching the gospel of God(N) to you free of charge?(O) I robbed other churches by receiving support from them(P) so as to serve you. And when I was with you and needed something, I was not a burden to anyone, for the brothers who came from Macedonia supplied what I needed.(Q) I have kept myself from being a burden to you(R) in any way, and will continue to do so. 10 As surely as the truth of Christ is in me,(S) nobody in the regions of Achaia(T) will stop this boasting(U) of mine. 11 Why? Because I do not love you? God knows(V) I do!(W)

12 And I will keep on doing what I am doing in order to cut the ground from under those who want an opportunity to be considered equal with us in the things they boast about. 13 For such people are false apostles,(X) deceitful(Y) workers, masquerading as apostles of Christ.(Z) 14 And no wonder, for Satan(AA) himself masquerades as an angel of light. 15 It is not surprising, then, if his servants also masquerade as servants of righteousness. Their end will be what their actions deserve.(AB)

Paul Boasts About His Sufferings

16 I repeat: Let no one take me for a fool.(AC) But if you do, then tolerate me just as you would a fool, so that I may do a little boasting. 17 In this self-confident boasting I am not talking as the Lord would,(AD) but as a fool.(AE) 18 Since many are boasting in the way the world does,(AF) I too will boast.(AG) 19 You gladly put up with(AH) fools since you are so wise!(AI) 20 In fact, you even put up with(AJ) anyone who enslaves you(AK) or exploits you or takes advantage of you or puts on airs or slaps you in the face. 21 To my shame I admit that we were too weak(AL) for that!

Whatever anyone else dares to boast about—I am speaking as a fool—I also dare to boast about.(AM) 22 Are they Hebrews? So am I.(AN) Are they Israelites? So am I.(AO) Are they Abraham’s descendants? So am I.(AP) 23 Are they servants of Christ?(AQ) (I am out of my mind to talk like this.) I am more. I have worked much harder,(AR) been in prison more frequently,(AS) been flogged more severely,(AT) and been exposed to death again and again.(AU) 24 Five times I received from the Jews the forty lashes(AV) minus one. 25 Three times I was beaten with rods,(AW) once I was pelted with stones,(AX) three times I was shipwrecked,(AY) I spent a night and a day in the open sea, 26 I have been constantly on the move. I have been in danger from rivers, in danger from bandits, in danger from my fellow Jews,(AZ) in danger from Gentiles; in danger in the city,(BA) in danger in the country, in danger at sea; and in danger from false believers.(BB) 27 I have labored and toiled(BC) and have often gone without sleep; I have known hunger and thirst and have often gone without food;(BD) I have been cold and naked. 28 Besides everything else, I face daily the pressure of my concern for all the churches.(BE) 29 Who is weak, and I do not feel weak?(BF) Who is led into sin,(BG) and I do not inwardly burn?

30 If I must boast, I will boast(BH) of the things that show my weakness.(BI) 31 The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, who is to be praised forever,(BJ) knows(BK) that I am not lying. 32 In Damascus the governor under King Aretas had the city of the Damascenes guarded in order to arrest me.(BL) 33 But I was lowered in a basket from a window in the wall and slipped through his hands.(BM)

Paul’s Vision and His Thorn

12 I must go on boasting.(BN) Although there is nothing to be gained, I will go on to visions and revelations(BO) from the Lord. I know a man in Christ(BP) who fourteen years ago was caught up(BQ) to the third heaven.(BR) Whether it was in the body or out of the body I do not know—God knows.(BS) And I know that this man—whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, but God knows— was caught up(BT) to paradise(BU) and heard inexpressible things, things that no one is permitted to tell. I will boast about a man like that, but I will not boast about myself, except about my weaknesses.(BV) Even if I should choose to boast,(BW) I would not be a fool,(BX) because I would be speaking the truth. But I refrain, so no one will think more of me than is warranted by what I do or say, or because of these surpassingly great revelations.(BY) Therefore, in order to keep me from becoming conceited, I was given a thorn in my flesh,(BZ) a messenger of Satan,(CA) to torment me. Three times I pleaded with the Lord to take it away from me.(CB) But he said to me, “My grace(CC) is sufficient for you, for my power(CD) is made perfect in weakness.(CE)(CF) Therefore I will boast all the more gladly about my weaknesses, so that Christ’s power may rest on me. 10 That is why, for Christ’s sake, I delight(CG) in weaknesses, in insults, in hardships,(CH) in persecutions,(CI) in difficulties. For when I am weak, then I am strong.(CJ)

Paul’s Concern for the Corinthians

11 I have made a fool of myself,(CK) but you drove me to it. I ought to have been commended by you, for I am not in the least inferior to the “super-apostles,”[b](CL) even though I am nothing.(CM) 12 I persevered in demonstrating among you the marks of a true apostle, including signs, wonders and miracles.(CN) 13 How were you inferior to the other churches, except that I was never a burden to you?(CO) Forgive me this wrong!(CP)

14 Now I am ready to visit you for the third time,(CQ) and I will not be a burden to you, because what I want is not your possessions but you. After all, children should not have to save up for their parents,(CR) but parents for their children.(CS) 15 So I will very gladly spend for you everything I have and expend myself as well.(CT) If I love you more,(CU) will you love me less? 16 Be that as it may, I have not been a burden to you.(CV) Yet, crafty fellow that I am, I caught you by trickery! 17 Did I exploit you through any of the men I sent to you? 18 I urged(CW) Titus(CX) to go to you and I sent our brother(CY) with him. Titus did not exploit you, did he? Did we not walk in the same footsteps by the same Spirit?

19 Have you been thinking all along that we have been defending ourselves to you? We have been speaking in the sight of God(CZ) as those in Christ; and everything we do, dear friends,(DA) is for your strengthening.(DB) 20 For I am afraid that when I come(DC) I may not find you as I want you to be, and you may not find me as you want me to be.(DD) I fear that there may be discord,(DE) jealousy, fits of rage, selfish ambition,(DF) slander,(DG) gossip,(DH) arrogance(DI) and disorder.(DJ) 21 I am afraid that when I come again my God will humble me before you, and I will be grieved(DK) over many who have sinned earlier(DL) and have not repented of the impurity, sexual sin and debauchery(DM) in which they have indulged.

Final Warnings

13 This will be my third visit to you.(DN) “Every matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.”[c](DO) I already gave you a warning when I was with you the second time. I now repeat it while absent:(DP) On my return I will not spare(DQ) those who sinned earlier(DR) or any of the others, since you are demanding proof that Christ is speaking through me.(DS) He is not weak in dealing with you, but is powerful among you. For to be sure, he was crucified in weakness,(DT) yet he lives by God’s power.(DU) Likewise, we are weak(DV) in him, yet by God’s power we will live with him(DW) in our dealing with you.

Examine yourselves(DX) to see whether you are in the faith; test yourselves.(DY) Do you not realize that Christ Jesus is in you(DZ)—unless, of course, you fail the test? And I trust that you will discover that we have not failed the test. Now we pray to God that you will not do anything wrong—not so that people will see that we have stood the test but so that you will do what is right even though we may seem to have failed. For we cannot do anything against the truth, but only for the truth. We are glad whenever we are weak(EA) but you are strong;(EB) and our prayer is that you may be fully restored.(EC) 10 This is why I write these things when I am absent, that when I come I may not have to be harsh(ED) in my use of authority—the authority the Lord gave me for building you up, not for tearing you down.(EE)

Final Greetings

11 Finally, brothers and sisters,(EF) rejoice! Strive for full restoration, encourage one another, be of one mind, live in peace.(EG) And the God of love(EH) and peace(EI) will be with you.

12 Greet one another with a holy kiss.(EJ) 13 All God’s people here send their greetings.(EK)

14 May the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ,(EL) and the love of God,(EM) and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit(EN) be with you all.

Paul, an apostle(EO)—sent not from men nor by a man,(EP) but by Jesus Christ(EQ) and God the Father,(ER) who raised him from the dead(ES) and all the brothers and sisters[d] with me,(ET)

To the churches in Galatia:(EU)

Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ,(EV) who gave himself for our sins(EW) to rescue us from the present evil age,(EX) according to the will of our God and Father,(EY) to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.(EZ)

No Other Gospel

I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting the one who called(FA) you to live in the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel(FB) which is really no gospel at all. Evidently some people are throwing you into confusion(FC) and are trying to pervert(FD) the gospel of Christ. But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach a gospel other than the one we preached to you,(FE) let them be under God’s curse!(FF) As we have already said, so now I say again: If anybody is preaching to you a gospel other than what you accepted,(FG) let them be under God’s curse!

10 Am I now trying to win the approval of human beings, or of God? Or am I trying to please people?(FH) If I were still trying to please people, I would not be a servant of Christ.

Paul Called by God

11 I want you to know, brothers and sisters,(FI) that the gospel I preached(FJ) is not of human origin. 12 I did not receive it from any man,(FK) nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation(FL) from Jesus Christ.(FM)

13 For you have heard of my previous way of life in Judaism,(FN) how intensely I persecuted the church of God(FO) and tried to destroy it.(FP) 14 I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people and was extremely zealous(FQ) for the traditions of my fathers.(FR) 15 But when God, who set me apart from my mother’s womb(FS) and called me(FT) by his grace, was pleased 16 to reveal his Son in me so that I might preach him among the Gentiles,(FU) my immediate response was not to consult any human being.(FV) 17 I did not go up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before I was, but I went into Arabia. Later I returned to Damascus.(FW)

18 Then after three years,(FX) I went up to Jerusalem(FY) to get acquainted with Cephas[e] and stayed with him fifteen days. 19 I saw none of the other apostles—only James,(FZ) the Lord’s brother. 20 I assure you before God(GA) that what I am writing you is no lie.(GB)

21 Then I went to Syria(GC) and Cilicia.(GD) 22 I was personally unknown to the churches of Judea(GE) that are in Christ.(GF) 23 They only heard the report: “The man who formerly persecuted us is now preaching the faith(GG) he once tried to destroy.”(GH) 24 And they praised God(GI) because of me.

Paul Accepted by the Apostles

Then after fourteen years, I went up again to Jerusalem,(GJ) this time with Barnabas.(GK) I took Titus(GL) along also. I went in response to a revelation(GM) and, meeting privately with those esteemed as leaders, I presented to them the gospel that I preach among the Gentiles.(GN) I wanted to be sure I was not running and had not been running my race(GO) in vain. Yet not even Titus,(GP) who was with me, was compelled to be circumcised, even though he was a Greek.(GQ) This matter arose because some false believers(GR) had infiltrated our ranks to spy on(GS) the freedom(GT) we have in Christ Jesus and to make us slaves. We did not give in to them for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel(GU) might be preserved for you.

As for those who were held in high esteem(GV)—whatever they were makes no difference to me; God does not show favoritism(GW)—they added nothing to my message.(GX) On the contrary, they recognized that I had been entrusted with the task(GY) of preaching the gospel to the uncircumcised,[f](GZ) just as Peter(HA) had been to the circumcised.[g] For God, who was at work in Peter as an apostle(HB) to the circumcised, was also at work in me as an apostle(HC) to the Gentiles. James,(HD) Cephas[h](HE) and John, those esteemed as pillars,(HF) gave me and Barnabas(HG) the right hand of fellowship when they recognized the grace given to me.(HH) They agreed that we should go to the Gentiles,(HI) and they to the circumcised. 10 All they asked was that we should continue to remember the poor,(HJ) the very thing I had been eager to do all along.

Paul Opposes Cephas

11 When Cephas(HK) came to Antioch,(HL) I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. 12 For before certain men came from James,(HM) he used to eat with the Gentiles.(HN) But when they arrived, he began to draw back and separate himself from the Gentiles because he was afraid of those who belonged to the circumcision group.(HO) 13 The other Jews joined him in his hypocrisy, so that by their hypocrisy even Barnabas(HP) was led astray.

14 When I saw that they were not acting in line with the truth of the gospel,(HQ) I said to Cephas(HR) in front of them all, “You are a Jew, yet you live like a Gentile and not like a Jew.(HS) How is it, then, that you force Gentiles to follow Jewish customs?(HT)

15 “We who are Jews by birth(HU) and not sinful Gentiles(HV) 16 know that a person is not justified by the works of the law,(HW) but by faith in Jesus Christ.(HX) So we, too, have put our faith in Christ Jesus that we may be justified by faith in[i] Christ and not by the works of the law, because by the works of the law no one will be justified.(HY)

17 “But if, in seeking to be justified in Christ, we Jews find ourselves also among the sinners,(HZ) doesn’t that mean that Christ promotes sin? Absolutely not!(IA) 18 If I rebuild what I destroyed, then I really would be a lawbreaker.

19 “For through the law I died to the law(IB) so that I might live for God.(IC) 20 I have been crucified with Christ(ID) and I no longer live, but Christ lives in me.(IE) The life I now live in the body, I live by faith in the Son of God,(IF) who loved me(IG) and gave himself for me.(IH) 21 I do not set aside the grace of God, for if righteousness could be gained through the law,(II) Christ died for nothing!”[j]

Faith or Works of the Law

You foolish(IJ) Galatians!(IK) Who has bewitched you?(IL) Before your very eyes Jesus Christ was clearly portrayed as crucified.(IM) I would like to learn just one thing from you: Did you receive the Spirit(IN) by the works of the law,(IO) or by believing what you heard?(IP) Are you so foolish? After beginning by means of the Spirit, are you now trying to finish by means of the flesh?[k] Have you experienced[l] so much in vain—if it really was in vain? So again I ask, does God give you his Spirit and work miracles(IQ) among you by the works of the law, or by your believing what you heard?(IR) So also Abraham “believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[m](IS)

Understand, then, that those who have faith(IT) are children of Abraham.(IU) Scripture foresaw that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, and announced the gospel in advance to Abraham: “All nations will be blessed through you.”[n](IV) So those who rely on faith(IW) are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.(IX)

10 For all who rely on the works of the law(IY) are under a curse,(IZ) as it is written: “Cursed is everyone who does not continue to do everything written in the Book of the Law.”[o](JA) 11 Clearly no one who relies on the law is justified before God,(JB) because “the righteous will live by faith.”[p](JC) 12 The law is not based on faith; on the contrary, it says, “The person who does these things will live by them.”[q](JD) 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law(JE) by becoming a curse for us, for it is written: “Cursed is everyone who is hung on a pole.”[r](JF) 14 He redeemed us in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles through Christ Jesus,(JG) so that by faith we might receive the promise of the Spirit.(JH)

The Law and the Promise

15 Brothers and sisters,(JI) let me take an example from everyday life. Just as no one can set aside or add to a human covenant that has been duly established, so it is in this case. 16 The promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed.(JJ) Scripture does not say “and to seeds,” meaning many people, but “and to your seed,”[s](JK) meaning one person, who is Christ. 17 What I mean is this: The law, introduced 430 years(JL) later, does not set aside the covenant previously established by God and thus do away with the promise. 18 For if the inheritance depends on the law, then it no longer depends on the promise;(JM) but God in his grace gave it to Abraham through a promise.

19 Why, then, was the law given at all? It was added because of transgressions(JN) until the Seed(JO) to whom the promise referred had come. The law was given through angels(JP) and entrusted to a mediator.(JQ) 20 A mediator,(JR) however, implies more than one party; but God is one.

21 Is the law, therefore, opposed to the promises of God? Absolutely not!(JS) For if a law had been given that could impart life, then righteousness would certainly have come by the law.(JT) 22 But Scripture has locked up everything under the control of sin,(JU) so that what was promised, being given through faith in Jesus Christ, might be given to those who believe.

Children of God

23 Before the coming of this faith,[t] we were held in custody(JV) under the law, locked up until the faith that was to come would be revealed.(JW) 24 So the law was our guardian until Christ came(JX) that we might be justified by faith.(JY) 25 Now that this faith has come, we are no longer under a guardian.(JZ)

26 So in Christ Jesus you are all children of God(KA) through faith, 27 for all of you who were baptized into Christ(KB) have clothed yourselves with Christ.(KC) 28 There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free,(KD) nor is there male and female,(KE) for you are all one in Christ Jesus.(KF) 29 If you belong to Christ,(KG) then you are Abraham’s seed,(KH) and heirs(KI) according to the promise.(KJ)

What I am saying is that as long as an heir is underage, he is no different from a slave, although he owns the whole estate. The heir is subject to guardians and trustees until the time set by his father. So also, when we were underage, we were in slavery(KK) under the elemental spiritual forces[u] of the world.(KL) But when the set time had fully come,(KM) God sent his Son,(KN) born of a woman,(KO) born under the law,(KP) to redeem(KQ) those under the law, that we might receive adoption(KR) to sonship.[v](KS) Because you are his sons, God sent the Spirit of his Son(KT) into our hearts,(KU) the Spirit who calls out, “Abba,[w] Father.”(KV) So you are no longer a slave, but God’s child; and since you are his child, God has made you also an heir.(KW)

Paul’s Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you did not know God,(KX) you were slaves(KY) to those who by nature are not gods.(KZ) But now that you know God—or rather are known by God(LA)—how is it that you are turning back to those weak and miserable forces[x]? Do you wish to be enslaved(LB) by them all over again?(LC) 10 You are observing special days and months and seasons and years!(LD) 11 I fear for you, that somehow I have wasted my efforts on you.(LE)

12 I plead with you, brothers and sisters,(LF) become like me, for I became like you. You did me no wrong. 13 As you know, it was because of an illness(LG) that I first preached the gospel to you, 14 and even though my illness was a trial to you, you did not treat me with contempt or scorn. Instead, you welcomed me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were Christ Jesus himself.(LH) 15 Where, then, is your blessing of me now? I can testify that, if you could have done so, you would have torn out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I now become your enemy by telling you the truth?(LI)

17 Those people are zealous to win you over, but for no good. What they want is to alienate you from us, so that you may have zeal for them.(LJ) 18 It is fine to be zealous, provided the purpose is good, and to be so always, not just when I am with you.(LK) 19 My dear children,(LL) for whom I am again in the pains of childbirth until Christ is formed in you,(LM) 20 how I wish I could be with you now and change my tone, because I am perplexed about you!

Hagar and Sarah

21 Tell me, you who want to be under the law,(LN) are you not aware of what the law says? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman(LO) and the other by the free woman.(LP) 23 His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh,(LQ) but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a divine promise.(LR)

24 These things are being taken figuratively: The women represent two covenants. One covenant is from Mount Sinai and bears children who are to be slaves: This is Hagar. 25 Now Hagar stands for Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present city of Jerusalem, because she is in slavery with her children. 26 But the Jerusalem that is above(LS) is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written:

“Be glad, barren woman,
    you who never bore a child;
shout for joy and cry aloud,
    you who were never in labor;
because more are the children of the desolate woman
    than of her who has a husband.”[y](LT)

28 Now you, brothers and sisters, like Isaac, are children of promise.(LU) 29 At that time the son born according to the flesh(LV) persecuted the son born by the power of the Spirit.(LW) It is the same now. 30 But what does Scripture say? “Get rid of the slave woman and her son, for the slave woman’s son will never share in the inheritance with the free woman’s son.”[z](LX) 31 Therefore, brothers and sisters, we are not children of the slave woman,(LY) but of the free woman.(LZ)

Freedom in Christ

It is for freedom that Christ has set us free.(MA) Stand firm,(MB) then, and do not let yourselves be burdened again by a yoke of slavery.(MC)

Mark my words! I, Paul, tell you that if you let yourselves be circumcised,(MD) Christ will be of no value to you at all. Again I declare to every man who lets himself be circumcised that he is obligated to obey the whole law.(ME) You who are trying to be justified by the law(MF) have been alienated from Christ; you have fallen away from grace.(MG) For through the Spirit we eagerly await by faith the righteousness for which we hope.(MH) For in Christ Jesus(MI) neither circumcision nor uncircumcision has any value.(MJ) The only thing that counts is faith expressing itself through love.(MK)

You were running a good race.(ML) Who cut in on you(MM) to keep you from obeying the truth? That kind of persuasion does not come from the one who calls you.(MN) “A little yeast works through the whole batch of dough.”(MO) 10 I am confident(MP) in the Lord that you will take no other view.(MQ) The one who is throwing you into confusion,(MR) whoever that may be, will have to pay the penalty. 11 Brothers and sisters, if I am still preaching circumcision, why am I still being persecuted?(MS) In that case the offense(MT) of the cross has been abolished. 12 As for those agitators,(MU) I wish they would go the whole way and emasculate themselves!

Life by the Spirit

13 You, my brothers and sisters, were called to be free.(MV) But do not use your freedom to indulge the flesh[aa];(MW) rather, serve one another(MX) humbly in love. 14 For the entire law is fulfilled in keeping this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[ab](MY) 15 If you bite and devour each other, watch out or you will be destroyed by each other.

16 So I say, walk by the Spirit,(MZ) and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh.(NA) 17 For the flesh desires what is contrary to the Spirit, and the Spirit what is contrary to the flesh.(NB) They are in conflict with each other, so that you are not to do whatever[ac] you want.(NC) 18 But if you are led by the Spirit,(ND) you are not under the law.(NE)

19 The acts of the flesh are obvious: sexual immorality,(NF) impurity and debauchery; 20 idolatry and witchcraft; hatred, discord, jealousy, fits of rage, selfish ambition, dissensions, factions 21 and envy; drunkenness, orgies, and the like.(NG) I warn you, as I did before, that those who live like this will not inherit the kingdom of God.(NH)

22 But the fruit(NI) of the Spirit is love,(NJ) joy, peace,(NK) forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness and self-control.(NL) Against such things there is no law.(NM) 24 Those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh(NN) with its passions and desires.(NO) 25 Since we live by the Spirit,(NP) let us keep in step with the Spirit. 26 Let us not become conceited,(NQ) provoking and envying each other.

Doing Good to All

Brothers and sisters, if someone is caught in a sin, you who live by the Spirit(NR) should restore(NS) that person gently. But watch yourselves, or you also may be tempted. Carry each other’s burdens, and in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ.(NT) If anyone thinks they are something(NU) when they are not, they deceive themselves.(NV) Each one should test their own actions. Then they can take pride in themselves alone,(NW) without comparing themselves to someone else,(NX) for each one should carry their own load.(NY) Nevertheless, the one who receives instruction in the word should share all good things with their instructor.(NZ)

Do not be deceived:(OA) God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows.(OB) Whoever sows to please their flesh,(OC) from the flesh will reap destruction;(OD) whoever sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life.(OE) Let us not become weary in doing good,(OF) for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up.(OG) 10 Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good(OH) to all people, especially to those who belong to the family(OI) of believers.

Not Circumcision but the New Creation

11 See what large letters I use as I write to you with my own hand!(OJ)

12 Those who want to impress people by means of the flesh(OK) are trying to compel you to be circumcised.(OL) The only reason they do this is to avoid being persecuted(OM) for the cross of Christ. 13 Not even those who are circumcised keep the law,(ON) yet they want you to be circumcised that they may boast about your circumcision in the flesh.(OO) 14 May I never boast except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ,(OP) through which[ad] the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world.(OQ) 15 Neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything;(OR) what counts is the new creation.(OS) 16 Peace and mercy to all who follow this rule—to[ae] the Israel of God.

17 From now on, let no one cause me trouble, for I bear on my body the marks(OT) of Jesus.

18 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ(OU) be with your spirit,(OV) brothers and sisters. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Corinthians 11:5 Or to the most eminent apostles
  2. 2 Corinthians 12:11 Or the most eminent apostles
  3. 2 Corinthians 13:1 Deut. 19:15
  4. Galatians 1:2 The Greek word for brothers and sisters (adelphoi) refers here to believers, both men and women, as part of God’s family; also in verse 11; and in 3:15; 4:12, 28, 31; 5:11, 13; 6:1, 18.
  5. Galatians 1:18 That is, Peter
  6. Galatians 2:7 That is, Gentiles
  7. Galatians 2:7 That is, Jews; also in verses 8 and 9
  8. Galatians 2:9 That is, Peter; also in verses 11 and 14
  9. Galatians 2:16 Or but through the faithfulness of … justified on the basis of the faithfulness of
  10. Galatians 2:21 Some interpreters end the quotation after verse 14.
  11. Galatians 3:3 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
  12. Galatians 3:4 Or suffered
  13. Galatians 3:6 Gen. 15:6
  14. Galatians 3:8 Gen. 12:3; 18:18; 22:18
  15. Galatians 3:10 Deut. 27:26
  16. Galatians 3:11 Hab. 2:4
  17. Galatians 3:12 Lev. 18:5
  18. Galatians 3:13 Deut. 21:23
  19. Galatians 3:16 Gen. 12:7; 13:15; 24:7
  20. Galatians 3:23 Or through the faithfulness of Jesus … 23 Before faith came
  21. Galatians 4:3 Or under the basic principles
  22. Galatians 4:5 The Greek word for adoption to sonship is a legal term referring to the full legal standing of an adopted male heir in Roman culture.
  23. Galatians 4:6 Aramaic for Father
  24. Galatians 4:9 Or principles
  25. Galatians 4:27 Isaiah 54:1
  26. Galatians 4:30 Gen. 21:10
  27. Galatians 5:13 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit; also in verses 16, 17, 19 and 24; and in 6:8.
  28. Galatians 5:14 Lev. 19:18
  29. Galatians 5:17 Or you do not do what
  30. Galatians 6:14 Or whom
  31. Galatians 6:16 Or rule and to

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