Revelation 6:1-8
King James Version
6 And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see.
2 And I saw, and behold a white horse: and he that sat on him had a bow; and a crown was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to conquer.
3 And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second beast say, Come and see.
4 And there went out another horse that was red: and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great sword.
5 And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast say, Come and see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he that sat on him had a pair of balances in his hand.
6 And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine.
7 And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth beast say, Come and see.
8 And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth.
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Revelation 6:1-8
New King James Version
First Seal: The Conqueror
6 Now (A)I saw when the Lamb opened one of the [a]seals; and I heard (B)one of the four living creatures saying with a voice like thunder, “Come and see.” 2 And I looked, and behold, (C)a white horse. (D)He who sat on it had a bow; (E)and a crown was given to him, and he went out (F)conquering and to conquer.
Second Seal: Conflict on Earth
3 When He opened the second seal, (G)I heard the second living creature saying, “Come [b]and see.” 4 (H)Another horse, fiery red, went out. And it was granted to the one who sat on it to (I)take peace from the earth, and that people should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword.
Third Seal: Scarcity on Earth
5 When He opened the third seal, (J)I heard the third living creature say, “Come and see.” So I looked, and behold, (K)a black horse, and he who sat on it had a pair of (L)scales[c] in his hand. 6 And I heard a voice in the midst of the four living creatures saying, “A [d]quart of wheat for a [e]denarius, and three quarts of barley for a denarius; and (M)do not harm the oil and the wine.”
Fourth Seal: Widespread Death on Earth
7 When He opened the fourth seal, (N)I heard the voice of the fourth living creature saying, “Come and see.” 8 (O)So I looked, and behold, a pale horse. And the name of him who sat on it was Death, and Hades followed with him. And [f]power was given to them over a fourth of the earth, (P)to kill with sword, with hunger, with death, (Q)and by the beasts of the earth.
Read full chapterFootnotes
- Revelation 6:1 NU, M seven seals
- Revelation 6:3 NU, M omit and see
- Revelation 6:5 balances
- Revelation 6:6 Gr. choinix, about 1 quart
- Revelation 6:6 About 1 day’s wage for a worker
- Revelation 6:8 authority
Revelation 6:1-8
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
IV. The Seven Seals, Trumpets, and Plagues, with Interludes[a]
Chapter 6[b]
The First Six Seals. 1 [c]Then I watched while the Lamb broke open the first of the seven seals, and I heard one of the four living creatures cry out in a voice like thunder, “Come forward.” 2 I looked, and there was a white horse, and its rider had a bow.[d] He was given a crown, and he rode forth victorious to further his victories.(A)
3 When he broke open the second seal, I heard the second living creature cry out, “Come forward.” 4 [e](B)Another horse came out, a red one. Its rider was given power to take peace away from the earth, so that people would slaughter one another. And he was given a huge sword.
5 When he broke open the third seal, I heard the third living creature cry out, “Come forward.” I looked, and there was a black horse,[f] and its rider held a scale in his hand. 6 I heard what seemed to be a voice in the midst of the four living creatures. It said, “A ration of wheat costs a day’s pay,[g] and three rations of barley cost a day’s pay. But do not damage the olive oil or the wine.”(C)
7 When he broke open the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature cry out, “Come forward.” 8 I looked, and there was a pale green[h] horse. Its rider was named Death, and Hades accompanied him. They were given authority over a quarter of the earth, to kill with sword, famine, and plague, and by means of the beasts of the earth.(D)
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- 6:1–16:21 A series of seven disasters now begins as each seal is broken (Rev 6:1–8:1), followed by a similar series as seven trumpets sound (Rev 8:2–11:19) and as seven angels pour bowls on the earth causing plagues (Rev 15:1–16:21). These gloomy sequences are interrupted by longer or shorter scenes suggesting the triumph of God and his witnesses (e.g., Rev 7; 10; 11; 12; 13; 14).
- 6:1–17 This chapter provides a symbolic description of the contents of the sealed scroll. The breaking of the first four seals reveals four riders. The first rider (of a white horse) is a conquering power (Rev 6:1–2), the second (red horse) a symbol of bloody war (Rev 6:3–4), the third (black horse) a symbol of famine (Rev 6:5–6), the fourth (pale green horse) a symbol of Death himself, accompanied by Hades (the netherworld) as his page (Rev 6:7–8). Rev 6:8b summarizes the role of all four riders. The breaking of the fifth seal reveals Christian martyrs in an attitude of sacrifice as blood poured out at the foot of an altar begging God for vindication, which will come only when their quota is filled; but they are given a white robe symbolic of victory (Rev 6:9–11). The breaking of the sixth seal reveals typical apocalyptic signs in the sky and the sheer terror of all people at the imminent divine judgment (Rev 6:12–17).
- 6:1–8 The imagery is adapted from Zec 1:8–10; 6:1–8.
- 6:2 White horse…bow: this may perhaps allude specifically to the Parthians on the eastern border of the Roman empire. Expert in the use of the bow, they constantly harassed the Romans and won a major victory in A.D. 62; see note on Rev 9:13–21. But the Old Testament imagery typifies the history of oppression of God’s people at all times.
- 6:4 Huge sword: this is a symbol of war and violence; cf. Ez 21:14–17.
- 6:5 Black horse: this is a symbol of famine, the usual accompaniment of war in antiquity; cf. Lv 26:26; Ez 4:12–13. The scale is a symbol of shortage of food with a corresponding rise in price.
- 6:6 A day’s pay: literally, “a denarius,” a Roman silver coin that constitutes a day’s wage in Mt 20:2. Because of the famine, food was rationed and sold at an exorbitant price. A liter of flour was considered a day’s ration in the Greek historians Herodotus and Diogenes Laertius. Barley: food of the poor (Jn 6:9, 13; cf. 2 Kgs 7:1, 16, 18); it was also used to feed animals; cf. 1 Kgs 5:8. Do not damage: the olive and the vine are to be used more sparingly in time of famine.
- 6:8 Pale green: symbol of death and decay; cf. Ez 14:21.
Revelation 6:1-8
English Standard Version
The Seven Seals
6 Now I watched when the Lamb opened one of (A)the seven seals, and I heard (B)one of the four living creatures say (C)with a voice like thunder, (D)“Come!” 2 And I looked, and behold, (E)a white horse! And (F)its rider had a bow, and (G)a crown was given to him, and he came out (H)conquering, and to conquer.
3 When he opened the second seal, I heard (I)the second living creature say, “Come!” 4 And out came another horse, (J)bright red. Its rider was permitted (K)to take peace from the earth, so that people should slay one another, and he was given a great sword.
5 When he opened the third seal, I heard the (L)third living creature say, “Come!” And I looked, and behold, (M)a black horse! And its rider had a pair of scales in his hand. 6 And I heard what seemed to be a voice in the midst of the four living creatures, saying, (N)“A quart[a] of wheat for a denarius,[b] and three quarts of barley for a denarius, and (O)do not harm the oil and wine!”
7 When he opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of (P)the fourth living creature say, “Come!” 8 And I looked, and behold, (Q)a pale horse! And its rider's name was Death, and Hades followed him. And they were given authority over a fourth of the earth, to kill (R)with sword and with famine and with pestilence and (S)by wild beasts of the earth.
Read full chapterFootnotes
- Revelation 6:6 Greek choinix, a dry measure equal to about a quart
- Revelation 6:6 A denarius was a day's wage for a laborer
Revelation 6:1-8
Mounce Reverse Interlinear New Testament
6 Then kai I watched as hote the ho Lamb arnion opened anoigō one heis of ek the ho seven hepta seals sphragis, and kai I heard akouō one heis of ek the ho four tessares living creatures zōon say legō with phōnē a voice phōnē like hōs thunder brontē, “ Come erchomai!” 2 · kai I looked, and kai behold idou, a white leukos horse hippos! And kai the ho one seated kathēmai on epi it autos had echō a bow toxon; and kai there was given didōmi to him autos a crown stephanos, and kai he went exerchomai out conquering nikaō and kai to hina conquer nikaō.
3 And kai when hote he opened anoigō the ho second deuteros seal sphragis, · ho I heard akouō the ho second deuteros living creature zōon saying legō, “ Come erchomai!” 4 And kai out came exerchomai another allos horse hippos, bright red pyrros; and kai · ho its autos rider kathēmai was allowed didōmi to take lambanō · ho peace eirēnē from ek the ho earth gē · kai so that hina men should slay sphazō one another allēlōn, and kai a great megas sword machaira was given didōmi to him autos.
5 And kai when hote he opened anoigō the ho third tritos seal sphragis, · ho I heard akouō the ho third tritos living creature zōon saying legō, “ Come erchomai!” And kai I looked, and kai behold idou, a black melas horse hippos! And kai · ho its autos rider kathēmai had echō a pair of scales zygos in en · ho his autos hand cheir. 6 And kai I heard akouō what seemed to be hōs a voice phōnē in en the midst mesos of the ho four tessares living creatures zōon, saying legō, “A quart choinix of wheat sitos for a denarius dēnarion, and kai three treis quarts choinix of barley krithē for a denarius dēnarion, but kai do adikeō not mē harm adikeō the ho oil elaion and kai the ho wine oinos!”
7 And kai when hote he opened anoigō the ho fourth tetartos seal sphragis, · ho I heard akouō the voice phōnē of the ho fourth tetartos living creature zōon saying legō, “ Come erchomai!” 8 And kai I looked, and kai behold idou, a pale chlōros horse hippos! And kai · ho its autos rider’ s kathēmai name onoma was · ho Death thanatos, and kai · ho Hades hadēs was following akoloutheō with meta him autos. And kai authority exousia was given didōmi to them autos over epi a ho fourth tetartos of the ho earth gē, to kill apokteinō with en sword rhomphaia and kai with en famine limos and kai with en pestilence thanatos and kai by hypo · ho wild beasts thērion of the ho earth gē.
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