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人口調査

エジプトを出てから二年目の第二月の一日(太陽暦の四月十五日)、イスラエルの人々がシナイ半島で野営していた時のことです。神は、幕屋(イスラエルの民が神と会う聖所、天幕)の中にいたモーセに告げて言いました。 2-15 「氏族、家族ごとに、戦いに出られる二十歳以上の男の人数を調べなさい。あなたとアロンが指図し、それぞれの部族の長に調べさせるのだ。」

各部族の長は次のとおりです。ルベン族からシェデウルの子エリツル、シメオン族からツリシャダイの子シェルミエル、ユダ族からアミナダブの子ナフション、イッサカル族からツアルの子ネタヌエル、ゼブルン族からヘロンの子エリアブ、ヨセフの子エフライム族からアミフデの子エリシャマ、ヨセフの子マナセ族からペダツルの子ガムリエル、ベニヤミン族からギデオニの子アビダン、ダン族からアミシャダイの子アヒエゼル、アシェル族からオクランの子パグイエル、ガド族からデウエルの子エルヤサフ、ナフタリ族からエナンの子アヒラ。 16 以上が選ばれた各部族の長です。

17-19 その日、モーセとアロンと族長たちは、神の指示どおり、氏族、家族ごとに、兵役に就くことができる二十歳以上の男を全員集めて登録させました。 20-46 最終の部族ごとの登録数は次のとおりです。

ルベン族〔ヤコブの長男〕四万六、五〇〇人、シメオン族五万九、三〇〇人、ガド族四万五、六五〇人、ユダ族七万四、六〇〇人、イッサカル族五万四、四〇〇人、ゼブルン族五万七、四〇〇人、エフライム族〔ヨセフの子〕四万五〇〇人、マナセ族〔ヨセフの子〕三万二、二〇〇人、ベニヤミン族三万五、四〇〇人、ダン族六万二、七〇〇人、アシェル族四万一、五〇〇人、ナフタリ族五万三、四〇〇人、計六〇万三、五五〇人。

47 この数に、レビ族は含まれていません。 48-49 主がモーセに、次のように告げたからです。「レビ族の者は兵役を免除し、人数も調べてはいけない。 50 彼らには幕屋を運び、管理する仕事があるからだ。幕屋の近くに住み、 51 よそへ移るときはいつでも、天幕を解体し、また組み立てる。ほかの者が手を出してはいけない。幕屋にさわるだけでも死刑に処せられる。 52 各部族ごとに集まって宿営し、目じるしにそれぞれの旗を立てなさい。 53 レビ族は幕屋の回りに宿営しなさい。彼らがわたしとあなたがたの間に入り、あなたがたが罪を犯したとき、わたしの怒りに触れないですむためだ。」

54 人々は、すべて主がモーセに告げたとおりにしました。

The Census

The Lord spoke to Moses in the tent of meeting(A) in the Desert of Sinai(B) on the first day of the second month(C) of the second year after the Israelites came out of Egypt.(D) He said: “Take a census(E) of the whole Israelite community by their clans and families,(F) listing every man by name,(G) one by one. You and Aaron(H) are to count according to their divisions all the men in Israel who are twenty years old or more(I) and able to serve in the army.(J) One man from each tribe,(K) each of them the head of his family,(L) is to help you.(M) These are the names(N) of the men who are to assist you:

from Reuben,(O) Elizur son of Shedeur;(P)

from Simeon,(Q) Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai;(R)

from Judah,(S) Nahshon son of Amminadab;(T)

from Issachar,(U) Nethanel son of Zuar;(V)

from Zebulun,(W) Eliab son of Helon;(X)

10 from the sons of Joseph:

from Ephraim,(Y) Elishama son of Ammihud;(Z)

from Manasseh,(AA) Gamaliel son of Pedahzur;(AB)

11 from Benjamin,(AC) Abidan son of Gideoni;(AD)

12 from Dan,(AE) Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai;(AF)

13 from Asher,(AG) Pagiel son of Okran;(AH)

14 from Gad,(AI) Eliasaph son of Deuel;(AJ)

15 from Naphtali,(AK) Ahira son of Enan.(AL)

16 These were the men appointed from the community, the leaders(AM) of their ancestral tribes.(AN) They were the heads of the clans of Israel.(AO)

17 Moses and Aaron took these men whose names had been specified, 18 and they called the whole community together on the first day of the second month.(AP) The people registered their ancestry(AQ) by their clans and families,(AR) and the men twenty years old or more(AS) were listed by name, one by one, 19 as the Lord commanded Moses. And so he counted(AT) them in the Desert of Sinai:

20 From the descendants of Reuben(AU) the firstborn son(AV) of Israel:

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, one by one, according to the records of their clans and families. 21 The number from the tribe of Reuben(AW) was 46,500.

22 From the descendants of Simeon:(AX)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were counted and listed by name, one by one, according to the records of their clans and families. 23 The number from the tribe of Simeon was 59,300.(AY)

24 From the descendants of Gad:(AZ)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 25 The number from the tribe of Gad(BA) was 45,650.

26 From the descendants of Judah:(BB)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 27 The number from the tribe of Judah(BC) was 74,600.

28 From the descendants of Issachar:(BD)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 29 The number from the tribe of Issachar(BE) was 54,400.(BF)

30 From the descendants of Zebulun:(BG)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 31 The number from the tribe of Zebulun was 57,400.(BH)

32 From the sons of Joseph:(BI)

From the descendants of Ephraim:(BJ)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 33 The number from the tribe of Ephraim(BK) was 40,500.

34 From the descendants of Manasseh:(BL)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 35 The number from the tribe of Manasseh was 32,200.

36 From the descendants of Benjamin:(BM)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 37 The number from the tribe of Benjamin(BN) was 35,400.

38 From the descendants of Dan:(BO)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 39 The number from the tribe of Dan was 62,700.(BP)

40 From the descendants of Asher:(BQ)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 41 The number from the tribe of Asher(BR) was 41,500.

42 From the descendants of Naphtali:(BS)

All the men twenty years old or more who were able to serve in the army were listed by name, according to the records of their clans and families. 43 The number from the tribe of Naphtali(BT) was 53,400.(BU)

44 These were the men counted by Moses and Aaron(BV) and the twelve leaders of Israel, each one representing his family. 45 All the Israelites twenty years old or more(BW) who were able to serve in Israel’s army were counted according to their families.(BX) 46 The total number was 603,550.(BY)

47 The ancestral tribe of the Levites,(BZ) however, was not counted(CA) along with the others. 48 The Lord had said to Moses: 49 “You must not count the tribe of Levi or include them in the census of the other Israelites. 50 Instead, appoint the Levites to be in charge of the tabernacle(CB) of the covenant law(CC)—over all its furnishings(CD) and everything belonging to it. They are to carry the tabernacle and all its furnishings; they are to take care of it and encamp around it. 51 Whenever the tabernacle(CE) is to move,(CF) the Levites are to take it down, and whenever the tabernacle is to be set up, the Levites shall do it.(CG) Anyone else who approaches it is to be put to death.(CH) 52 The Israelites are to set up their tents by divisions, each of them in their own camp under their standard.(CI) 53 The Levites, however, are to set up their tents around the tabernacle(CJ) of the covenant law so that my wrath will not fall(CK) on the Israelite community. The Levites are to be responsible for the care of the tabernacle of the covenant law.(CL)

54 The Israelites did all this just as the Lord commanded Moses.

各部族の配置

1-2 主はさらに、モーセとアロンに命じました。「野営地の真ん中に幕屋を作り、距離をおいて各部族はその回りに、部族ごとに旗を立てて宿営しなさい。」

3-31 こうして、各部族の配置は次のように決まりました。

ユダ族アミナダブの子ナフション――幕屋の東側に七万四、六〇〇人。イッサカル族ツアルの子ネタヌエル――ユダの隣に五万四、四〇〇人。ゼブルン族ヘロンの子エリアブ――イッサカルの隣に五万七、四〇〇人。ユダの宿営に属する三部族の合計は一八万六、四〇〇人。このグループは、人々が別の所へ移動するとき、先頭に進みます。

ルベン族シェデウルの子エリツル――幕屋の南側に四万六、五〇〇人。シメオン族ツリシャダイの子シェルミエル――ルベンの隣に五万九、三〇〇人。ガド族デウエルの子エルヤサフ――シメオンの隣に四万五、六五〇人。ルベンの宿営に属する三部族の合計は一五万一、四五〇人。このグループは、人々が別の所に移動するとき、二番目に進みます。

次に続くのは、野営地の中央を占める幕屋とレビ族です。移動するときも野営地にいるときと同じように、各部族はそれぞれの旗のもとに、いっしょにいなければなりません。

エフライム族アミフデの子エリシャマ――幕屋の西側に四万五〇〇人。マナセ族ペダツルの子ガムリエル――エフライムの隣に三万二、二〇〇人。ベニヤミン族ギデオニの子アビダン――マナセの隣に三万五、四〇〇人。エフライムの宿営に属する人数は一〇万八、一〇〇人で、彼らは三番目に進みます。

ダン族アミシャダイの子アヒエゼル――幕屋の北側に六万二、七〇〇人。アシェル族オクランの子パグイエル――ダンの隣に四万一、五〇〇人。ナフタリ族エナンの子アヒラ――アシェルの隣に五万三、四〇〇人。ダンの宿営に属する人数は、一五万七、六〇〇人です。彼らは別の所へ移動するとき、最後に進みます。

32 イスラエル軍の総勢は六〇万三、五五〇人でした。 33 この中に、主の命令で兵役が免除されたレビ族は含まれていません。 34 こうして人々は、主がモーセに命じたとおりの場所に、部族ごとに旗を立て、テントを張り、進みました。

The Arrangement of the Tribal Camps

The Lord said to Moses and Aaron: “The Israelites are to camp around the tent of meeting some distance from it, each of them under their standard(A) and holding the banners of their family.”

On the east, toward the sunrise, the divisions of the camp of Judah are to encamp under their standard. The leader of the people of Judah is Nahshon son of Amminadab.(B) His division numbers 74,600.

The tribe of Issachar(C) will camp next to them. The leader of the people of Issachar is Nethanel son of Zuar.(D) His division numbers 54,400.

The tribe of Zebulun will be next. The leader of the people of Zebulun is Eliab son of Helon.(E) His division numbers 57,400.

All the men assigned to the camp of Judah, according to their divisions, number 186,400. They will set out first.(F)

10 On the south(G) will be the divisions of the camp of Reuben under their standard. The leader of the people of Reuben is Elizur son of Shedeur.(H) 11 His division numbers 46,500.

12 The tribe of Simeon(I) will camp next to them. The leader of the people of Simeon is Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai.(J) 13 His division numbers 59,300.

14 The tribe of Gad(K) will be next. The leader of the people of Gad is Eliasaph son of Deuel.[a](L) 15 His division numbers 45,650.

16 All the men assigned to the camp of Reuben,(M) according to their divisions, number 151,450. They will set out second.

17 Then the tent of meeting and the camp of the Levites(N) will set out in the middle of the camps. They will set out in the same order as they encamp, each in their own place under their standard.

18 On the west(O) will be the divisions of the camp of Ephraim(P) under their standard. The leader of the people of Ephraim is Elishama son of Ammihud.(Q) 19 His division numbers 40,500.

20 The tribe of Manasseh(R) will be next to them. The leader of the people of Manasseh is Gamaliel son of Pedahzur.(S) 21 His division numbers 32,200.

22 The tribe of Benjamin(T) will be next. The leader of the people of Benjamin is Abidan son of Gideoni.(U) 23 His division numbers 35,400.

24 All the men assigned to the camp of Ephraim,(V) according to their divisions, number 108,100. They will set out third.(W)

25 On the north(X) will be the divisions of the camp of Dan under their standard.(Y) The leader of the people of Dan is Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai.(Z) 26 His division numbers 62,700.

27 The tribe of Asher will camp next to them. The leader of the people of Asher is Pagiel son of Okran.(AA) 28 His division numbers 41,500.

29 The tribe of Naphtali(AB) will be next. The leader of the people of Naphtali is Ahira son of Enan.(AC) 30 His division numbers 53,400.

31 All the men assigned to the camp of Dan number 157,600. They will set out last,(AD) under their standards.

32 These are the Israelites, counted according to their families.(AE) All the men in the camps, by their divisions, number 603,550.(AF) 33 The Levites, however, were not counted(AG) along with the other Israelites, as the Lord commanded Moses.

34 So the Israelites did everything the Lord commanded Moses; that is the way they encamped under their standards, and that is the way they set out, each of them with their clan and family.

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 2:14 Many manuscripts of the Masoretic Text, Samaritan Pentateuch and Vulgate (see also 1:14); most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Reuel

ローマ総督ペリクスの前で

24 五日後、大祭司アナニヤが、ユダヤ人の指導者数人と弁護士テルトロとを連れて来て、パウロの件で訴えを起こしました。 総督の前に呼び出されたテルトロは、でたらめの告訴理由を並べ立てました。「閣下。われわれユダヤ人がおだやかで平和な生活を送れますのも、みな、あなたのおかげでございます。また、われわれに対する差別待遇の問題も驚くほど改善され、 一同、心から感謝いたしております。 さて、あまりくどくならぬよう、手短に、この男に対する訴えの筋を申し上げますので、何とぞ、お聞き届けください。 このパウロは全く人騒がせな男で、ナザレ人という一派の首領におさまり、世界中を駆け巡ってユダヤ人をたきつけ、ローマ政府に反乱を起こそうとしているのでございます。 その上、神殿までも汚そうとしたので、引っ捕らえたしだいでございます。われわれとしては、当然の罰を加えようとしただけですのに、 守備隊司令官のルシヤ様が、この男を力ずくで奪い、 ローマの法律で裁判しろとお命じになったのです。閣下がお調べくだされば、われわれの正しいことがおわかりいただけると存じます。」

ほかのユダヤ人たちも、口をそろえて、テルトロの言うとおりだ、とくり返しました。

10 次に総督は、身ぶりでパウロをうながしました。パウロは立ち上がり、釈明を始めました。「閣下が長年にわたりユダヤ人の問題を裁いてこられたことは、よく存じ上げております。ですから、安心して釈明させていただきます。 11 お調べくださればすぐにわかることですが、私が神殿で礼拝するためにエルサレムに着いてから、十二日しかたっておりません。 12 私はどこの会堂でも町でも、騒ぎを起こせと人々をそそのかしたことなど、一度もございません。 13 この人たちは、何一つ証拠をあげられないはずです。

14 しかし、この人たちが異端と決めつけている救いの道を信じていることだけは、確かでございます。私はこの道を伝えることで、私たちの先祖の神に仕えているのです。また、ユダヤ人の律法と、預言者の書にあることもみな堅く信じております。 15 この人たち同様、正しい者も不信心な者も共に復活すると信じております。 16 神の前でも人の前でも、いつも良心に恥じない生活を精一杯心がけております。

17 私は何年ぶりかで、ユダヤ人への支援金を携え、神に供え物をささげようと、エルサレムに帰ってまいりました。 18 私を訴える人たちは、私が神殿で感謝のささげ物をしているのを見たのです。私は規則どおり頭を丸めておりましたし、別に、回りに人だかりがあったわけでも、騒ぎがあったわけでもありません。ただ、アジヤ州から来たユダヤ人が数人いただけです。 19 私を訴えるのなら、まず、それを見た人たちがここに来るべきです。 20 また、この人たちには、議会で、私に不正な点を見いだせたかどうか尋ねてみてください。 21 私は議会では、ただひとこと、『死者が復活するという信仰のことで釈明するため、議会に呼び出されたのです』と申し上げただけでございます。」

22 ペリクスは、クリスチャンが暴動を引き起こしたりはしないことを知っていたので、ユダヤ人には、守備隊の司令官ルシヤが来てから片をつけると言って、裁判を延期しました。 23 一方、パウロのことは、また監禁するよう命じましたが、看守には、丁重に取り扱い、友人たちの面会や差し入れも自由にさせるように言いました。

24 数日後、ペリクスはユダヤ人の妻ドルシラを伴って来て、パウロを呼び出し、二人でキリスト・イエスに対する信仰について話を聞きました。 25 しかし、話が正義と節制、それに、やがて来る審判のことだったのでこわくなり、「もう帰ってよい。また折りを見て話を聞こう」と言いました。

26 それからも時々、ペリクスはパウロを呼び出しては話し合いましたが、それというのも、パウロから金をもらいたい下心があったからです。 27 こんなふうにして二年が過ぎ、ペリクスに替わってポルキオ・フェストが総督となりました。しかし、ペリクスはユダヤ人のきげんを損ねたくなかったので、パウロを捕らえたままにしておきました。

Paul’s Trial Before Felix

24 Five days later the high priest Ananias(A) went down to Caesarea with some of the elders and a lawyer named Tertullus, and they brought their charges(B) against Paul before the governor.(C) When Paul was called in, Tertullus presented his case before Felix: “We have enjoyed a long period of peace under you, and your foresight has brought about reforms in this nation. Everywhere and in every way, most excellent(D) Felix, we acknowledge this with profound gratitude. But in order not to weary you further, I would request that you be kind enough to hear us briefly.

“We have found this man to be a troublemaker, stirring up riots(E) among the Jews(F) all over the world. He is a ringleader of the Nazarene(G) sect(H) and even tried to desecrate the temple;(I) so we seized him. [7] [a] By examining him yourself you will be able to learn the truth about all these charges we are bringing against him.”

The other Jews joined in the accusation,(J) asserting that these things were true.

10 When the governor(K) motioned for him to speak, Paul replied: “I know that for a number of years you have been a judge over this nation; so I gladly make my defense. 11 You can easily verify that no more than twelve days(L) ago I went up to Jerusalem to worship. 12 My accusers did not find me arguing with anyone at the temple,(M) or stirring up a crowd(N) in the synagogues or anywhere else in the city. 13 And they cannot prove to you the charges they are now making against me.(O) 14 However, I admit that I worship the God of our ancestors(P) as a follower of the Way,(Q) which they call a sect.(R) I believe everything that is in accordance with the Law and that is written in the Prophets,(S) 15 and I have the same hope in God as these men themselves have, that there will be a resurrection(T) of both the righteous and the wicked.(U) 16 So I strive always to keep my conscience clear(V) before God and man.

17 “After an absence of several years, I came to Jerusalem to bring my people gifts for the poor(W) and to present offerings. 18 I was ceremonially clean(X) when they found me in the temple courts doing this. There was no crowd with me, nor was I involved in any disturbance.(Y) 19 But there are some Jews from the province of Asia,(Z) who ought to be here before you and bring charges if they have anything against me.(AA) 20 Or these who are here should state what crime they found in me when I stood before the Sanhedrin— 21 unless it was this one thing I shouted as I stood in their presence: ‘It is concerning the resurrection of the dead that I am on trial before you today.’”(AB)

22 Then Felix, who was well acquainted with the Way,(AC) adjourned the proceedings. “When Lysias the commander comes,” he said, “I will decide your case.” 23 He ordered the centurion to keep Paul under guard(AD) but to give him some freedom(AE) and permit his friends to take care of his needs.(AF)

24 Several days later Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish. He sent for Paul and listened to him as he spoke about faith in Christ Jesus.(AG) 25 As Paul talked about righteousness, self-control(AH) and the judgment(AI) to come, Felix was afraid(AJ) and said, “That’s enough for now! You may leave. When I find it convenient, I will send for you.” 26 At the same time he was hoping that Paul would offer him a bribe, so he sent for him frequently and talked with him.

27 When two years had passed, Felix was succeeded by Porcius Festus,(AK) but because Felix wanted to grant a favor to the Jews,(AL) he left Paul in prison.(AM)

Footnotes

  1. Acts 24:7 Some manuscripts include here him, and we would have judged him in accordance with our law. But the commander Lysias came and took him from us with much violence, ordering his accusers to come before you.