Footnotes

1. Luke 24:13 tn Grk “And behold.” Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic. The Greek word ἰδού (idou) at the beginning of this statement has not been translated because it has no exact English equivalent here, but adds interest and emphasis (BDAG 468 s.v. 1).
2. Luke 24:13 tn These are disciples as they know about the empty tomb and do not know what to make of it all.
3. Luke 24:13 tn Grk “sixty stades” or about 11 kilometers. A stade (στάδιον, stadion) was a unit of distance about 607 feet (185 meters) long.
4. Luke 24:14 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
5. Luke 24:15 tn Grk “And it happened that while.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
6. Luke 24:15 tn This term suggests emotional dialogue and can thus be translated “debated.”
7. Luke 24:15 tn The phrase “these things” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
8. Luke 24:16 sn The two disciples will not be allowed to recognize Jesus until v. 31.
9. Luke 24:16 tn This is an epexegetical (i.e., explanatory) infinitive in Greek.
10. Luke 24:16 sn This parenthetical remark by the author is necessary so the reader will understand the account.
11. Luke 24:17 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
12. Luke 24:17 tn Grk “words,” but the term λόγος (logos) can refer to “matters” rather than only “words” (BDAG 600 s.v. 1.a.ε).
13. Luke 24:17 tn “Discussing so intently” translates the reciprocal idea conveyed by πρὸς ἀλλήλους (pros allēlous). The term ἀντιβάλλω (antiballō), used only here in the NT, has the nuance of “arguing” or “debating” a point (the English idiom “to exchange words” also comes close).
14. Luke 24:18 tn Grk “answering him, said.” This is redundant in English and has been simplified in the translation.
15. Luke 24:18 sn There is irony and almost a sense of mocking disbelief as the question “Are you the only visitor to Jerusalem who doesn’t know the things that have happened there in these days?” comes to Jesus, but, of course, the readers know what the travelers do not.
16. Luke 24:18 tn Grk “in it” (referring to the city of Jerusalem).
17. Luke 24:19 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
18. Luke 24:19 tn This translates the Greek term ἀνήρ (anēr).
19. Luke 24:19 sn The role of Jesus as prophet is a function Luke frequently mentions: 4:25-27; 9:35; 13:31-35.
20. Luke 24:20 sn Handed him over is another summary of the passion like Luke 9:22.
21. Luke 24:20 sn See the note on crucify in 23:21.
22. Luke 24:21 tn The imperfect verb looks back to the view that they held during Jesus’ past ministry.
23. Luke 24:21 sn Their messianic hope concerning Jesus is expressed by the phrase who was going to redeem Israel.
24. Luke 24:22 sn The account in 24:1-12 is repeated here, and it is clear that the other disciples were not convinced by the women, but could not explain the events either.
25. Luke 24:22 tn In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence, but because of the length and complexity of the construction a new sentence was started here in the translation.
26. Luke 24:23 sn The men in dazzling attire mentioned in v. 4 are identified as angels here.
27. Luke 24:24 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
28. Luke 24:24 tn Here the pronoun αὐτόν (auton), referring to Jesus, is in an emphatic position. The one thing they lacked was solid evidence that he was alive.
29. Luke 24:25 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the disciples’ inability to believe in Jesus’ resurrection.
30. Luke 24:25 tn Grk “O,” an interjection used both in address and emotion (BDAG 1101 s.v. 1).
31. Luke 24:25 tn The word “people” is not in the Greek text, but is supplied to complete the interjection.
32. Luke 24:25 sn The rebuke is for failure to believe the promise of scripture, a theme that will appear in vv. 43-47 as well.
33. Luke 24:25 tn On the syntax of this infinitival construction, see BDAG 364-65 s.v. ἐπί 6.b.
34. Luke 24:26 tn This Greek particle (οὐχί, ouchi) expects a positive reply.
35. Luke 24:26 sn The statement Wasn’t it necessary is a reference to the design of God’s plan (see Luke 24:7). Suffering must precede glory (see Luke 17:25).
36. Luke 24:26 tn Or “Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”sn See the note on Christ in 2:11.
37. Luke 24:27 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
38. Luke 24:27 sn The reference to Moses and all the prophets is a way to say the promise of Messiah runs throughout OT scripture from first to last.
39. Luke 24:27 tn Or “regarding,” “concerning.” “Written” is implied by the mention of the scriptures in context; “said” could also be used here, referring to the original utterances, but by now these things had been committed to writing.
40. Luke 24:28 sn He acted as though he wanted to go farther. This is written in a way that gives the impression Jesus knew they would ask him to stay.
41. Luke 24:29 tn Grk “urged him, saying.” The participle λέγοντες (legontes, “saying”) has not been translated because it is redundant in contemporary English.
42. Luke 24:29 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the disciples’ request.
43. Luke 24:30 tn Grk “And it happened that when.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
44. Luke 24:30 tn Grk “had reclined at table,” as 1st century middle eastern meals were not eaten while sitting at a table, but while reclining on one’s side on the floor with the head closest to the low table and the feet farthest away.
45. Luke 24:30 tn The pronoun “it” is not in the Greek text here or in the following clause, but is implied. Direct objects were frequently omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
46. Luke 24:31 tn Here δέ (de) has been translated as “At this point” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative. “Then,” which is normally used to indicate this, would be redundant with the following clause.
47. Luke 24:31 sn They recognized him. Other than this cryptic remark, it is not told how the two disciples were now able to recognize Jesus.
48. Luke 24:31 tn This pronoun is somewhat emphatic.
49. Luke 24:31 tn This translates a καί (kai, “and”) that has clear sequential force.
50. Luke 24:32 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
51. Luke 24:32 tn This question uses a Greek particle (οὐχί, ouchi) that expects a positive reply.
52. Luke 24:32 tn This is a collective singular use of the term καρδία (kardia), so each of their hearts were burning, a reference itself to the intense emotion of their response.
53. Luke 24:32 tc ‡ Most mss have the phrase ἐν ἡμῖν (en hēmin, “within us”) after οὐχὶ ἡ καρδία ἡμῶν καιομένη ἦν (ouchi hē kardia hēmōn kaiomenē ēn, “Didn’t our hearts burn”). The phrase “within us” is lacking in some early mss (P⁷⁵ B D c e sy^s,c). These early witnesses could have overlooked the words, since there are several occurrences of ἡμῖν in the context. But it seems likely that other scribes wanted to clarify the abrupt expression “Didn’t our hearts burn,” even as the translation has done here. NA²⁸ includes the words in brackets, indicating doubts as to their authenticity.sn Even though it is most likely not original (see tc note above), the phrase within us has been included in the translation for clarity.
54. Luke 24:32 tn Grk “opening” (cf. Acts 17:3).
55. Luke 24:33 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of the Lord’s appearance to them.
56. Luke 24:33 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
57. Luke 24:34 tn Here the word “and” has been supplied to make it clear that the disciples who had been to Emmaus found the eleven plus the others gathered and saying this.
58. Luke 24:34 sn The Lord…has appeared to Simon. Jesus had made another appearance besides the one on the road. The excitement was rising. Simon refers to Simon Peter.