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Levitico 22
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana

Santità nella partecipazione ai cibi sacri

A. I sacerdoti

22 Il Signore disse ancora a Mosè: 2 «Ordina ad Aronne e ai suoi figli che si astengano dalle cose sante a me consacrate dagli Israeliti e non profanino il mio santo nome. Io sono il Signore.

3 Ordina loro: Qualunque uomo della vostra discendenza che nelle generazioni future si accosterà, in stato d'immondezza, alle cose sante consacrate dagli Israeliti al Signore, sarà eliminato davanti a me. Io sono il Signore.

4 Nessun uomo della stirpe di Aronne, affetto da lebbra o da gonorrea, potrà mangiare le cose sante, finché non sia mondo. Così sarà di chi abbia toccato qualunque persona immonda per contatto con un cadavere o abbia avuto una emissione seminale 5 o di chi abbia toccato qualsiasi rettile da cui abbia contratto immondezza oppure un uomo che gli abbia comunicato un'immondezza di qualunque specie. 6 La persona che abbia avuto tali contatti sarà immonda fino alla sera e non mangerà le cose sante prima di essersi lavato il corpo nell'acqua; 7 dopo il tramonto del sole sarà monda e allora potrà mangiare le cose sante, perché esse sono il suo vitto. 8 Il sacerdote non mangerà carne di bestia morta naturalmente o sbranata, per non rendersi immondo. Io sono il Signore. 9 Osserveranno dunque ciò che ho comandato, altrimenti porteranno la pena del loro peccato e moriranno per aver profanato le cose sante. Io sono il Signore che li santifico.

B. I laici

10 Nessun estraneo mangerà le cose sante: né l'ospite di un sacerdote o il salariato potrà mangiare le cose sante. 11 Ma una persona, che il sacerdote avrà comprata con il denaro, ne potrà mangiare: così anche quelli che gli sono nati in casa: questi potranno mangiare il suo pane. 12 La figlia di un sacerdote, sposata con un estraneo, non potrà mangiare le cose sante offerte mediante il rito dell'elevazione. 13 Se invece la figlia del sacerdote è rimasta vedova o è stata ripudiata e non ha figli, se torna a stare da suo padre come quando era giovane, potrà mangiare il pane del padre; mentre nessun estraneo al sacerdozio potrà mangiarne.

14 Se uno mangia per errore una cosa santa, darà al sacerdote il valore della cosa santa, aggiungendovi un quinto. 15 I sacerdoti non profaneranno dunque le cose sante degli Israeliti, che essi offrono al Signore con la rituale elevazione, 16 e non faranno portare loro la pena del peccato di cui si renderebbero colpevoli, mangiando le loro cose sante; poiché io sono il Signore che le santifico».

C. Gli animali sacrificati

17 Il Signore disse a Mosè: 18 «Parla ad Aronne, ai suoi figli, a tutti gli Israeliti e ordina loro: Chiunque della casa d'Israele o dei forestieri dimoranti in Israele presenta in olocausto al Signore un'offerta per qualsiasi voto o dono volontario, 19 per essere gradito, dovrà offrire un maschio, senza difetto, di buoi, di pecore o di capre. 20 Non offrirete nulla con qualche difetto, perché non sarebbe gradito. 21 Se uno offre al Signore, in sacrificio di comunione, un bovino o un ovino, sia per sciogliere un voto, sia come offerta volontaria, la vittima, perché sia gradita, dovrà essere perfetta: senza difetti. 22 Non offrirete al Signore nessuna vittima cieca o storpia o mutilata o con ulceri o con la scabbia o con piaghe purulente; non ne farete sull'altare un sacrificio consumato dal fuoco in onore del Signore. 23 Come offerta volontaria potrai presentare un bue o una pecora che abbia un membro troppo lungo o troppo corto; ma come offerta per qualche voto non sarebbe gradita. 24 Non offrirete al Signore un animale con i testicoli ammaccati o schiacciati o strappati o tagliati. Tali cose non farete nel vostro paese, 25 né accetterete dallo straniero alcuna di queste vittime per offrirla come pane in onore del vostro Dio; essendo mutilate, difettose, non sarebbero gradite per il vostro bene».

26 Il Signore aggiunse a Mosè: 27 «Quando nascerà un vitello o un agnello o un capretto, starà sette giorni sotto la madre; dall'ottavo giorno in poi, sarà gradito come vittima da consumare con il fuoco per il Signore. 28 Non scannerete vacca o pecora lo stesso giorno con il suo piccolo. 29 Quando offrirete al Signore un sacrificio di ringraziamento, offritelo in modo che sia gradito. 30 La vittima sarà mangiata il giorno stesso; non ne lascerete nulla fino al mattino. Io sono il Signore.

D. Esortazione finale

31 Osserverete dunque i miei comandi e li metterete in pratica. Io sono il Signore.

32 Non profanerete il mio santo nome, perché io mi manifesti santo in mezzo agli Israeliti. Io sono il Signore che vi santifico, 33 che vi ho fatto uscire dal paese d'Egitto per essere vostro Dio. Io sono il Signore».

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Leviticus 22
Legacy Standard Bible

Various Statutes for Priests

22 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 2 “Tell Aaron and his sons to be careful with the holy gifts of the sons of Israel, which they set apart to Me as holy, so as not to profane My holy name; I am Yahweh. 3 Say to them, ‘(A)If any man among all your seed throughout your generations comes near to the holy gifts which the sons of Israel set apart as holy to Yahweh, and he has an uncleanness, that person shall be cut off from before Me; I am Yahweh. 4 (B)No man of the seed of Aaron, who is a leper or who has a discharge, may eat of the holy gifts until he is clean. (C)And if one touches anything made unclean by a corpse, or if (D)a man has a seminal emission, 5 or (E)if a man touches any teeming things by which he is made unclean or any man by whom he is made unclean, whatever his uncleanness, 6 a [a]person who touches any such thing shall be unclean until evening and shall not eat of the holy gifts unless he has bathed his [b]body in water. 7 But the sun will set, and he will be clean. And afterward he shall eat of the holy gifts, for (F)it is his [c]food. 8 He shall not eat (G)an animal which dies or is torn by beasts, becoming unclean by it; I am Yahweh. 9 They shall therefore keep (H)My charge so that (I)they will not bear sin because of it and die thereby because they profane it; I am Yahweh who makes them holy.

10 ‘(J)No [d]layman, however, is to eat the holy gift; a foreign resident with the priest or a hired man shall not eat of the holy gift. 11 (K)But if a priest buys a person as his property with his money, [e]that one may eat of it, and those who are born in his house may eat of his [f]food. 12 If a priest’s daughter is married to a [g]layman, she shall not eat of the [h]contribution of the holy gifts. 13 But if a priest’s daughter becomes a widow or divorced, and has no seed, and returns to her father’s house as in her youth, she shall eat of her father’s [i]food; (L)but no [j]layman shall eat of it. 14 (M)But if a man eats a holy gift unintentionally, then he shall add to it a fifth of it and shall give the holy gift to the priest. 15 (N)They shall not profane the holy gifts of the sons of Israel which they raise up to Yahweh, 16 and so cause them (O)to bear [k]punishment for guilt by eating their holy gifts; for I am Yahweh who makes them holy.’”

Offerings Without Blemish

17 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 18 “Speak to Aaron and to his sons and to all the sons of Israel and say to them, ‘(P)Any man of the house of Israel or of the sojourners in Israel who brings near his offering, whether it is any of their [l]votive or any of their freewill offerings, which they bring near to Yahweh for a burnt offering— 19 (Q)for you to be accepted—it must be a male without blemish from the cattle, the sheep, or the goats. 20 (R)Whatever has a defect, you shall not bring it near, for it will not be accepted for you. 21 And when a man brings a sacrifice of peace offerings near to Yahweh (S)to [m]fulfill a special vow or for a freewill offering, of the herd or of the flock, it must be without blemish to be accepted; there shall be no defect in it. 22 Those that are blind or fractured or maimed or have a running sore or eczema or scabs, you shall not bring near to Yahweh nor make of them an offering by fire on the altar to Yahweh. 23 Now in respect to an ox or a lamb which has [n]an overgrown or stunted member, you may offer it for a freewill offering, but for a votive offering it will not be accepted. 24 Also (T)anything with its testicles bruised or crushed or torn or cut, you shall not bring near to Yahweh, and you shall not do thus in your land, 25 nor shall you bring near any such thing from the hand of a foreigner for offering (U)as the [o]food of your God; for their corruption is in them, they have a defect; they shall not be accepted for you.’”

26 Then Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 27 “When an ox or a sheep or a goat is born, it shall [p]remain (V)seven days [q]with its mother, and from the eighth day on it shall be accepted as a sacrifice of an offering by fire to Yahweh. 28 (W)But, whether it is an ox or a sheep, you shall not slaughter both it and its young in one day. 29 And when you sacrifice (X)a sacrifice of thanksgiving to Yahweh, you shall sacrifice it so that you may be accepted. 30 It shall be eaten on the same day; you shall leave none of it until morning; I am Yahweh. 31 (Y)So you shall keep My commandments and do them; I am Yahweh.

32 “And you shall not profane My holy name, but I will be treated as holy among the sons of Israel; I am Yahweh who makes you holy, 33 (Z)who brought you out from the land of Egypt to be your God; I am Yahweh.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 22:6 Lit soul
  2. Leviticus 22:6 Lit flesh
  3. Leviticus 22:7 Lit bread
  4. Leviticus 22:10 Lit stranger
  5. Leviticus 22:11 Lit he may
  6. Leviticus 22:11 Lit bread
  7. Leviticus 22:12 Lit stranger
  8. Leviticus 22:12 Or heave offering
  9. Leviticus 22:13 Lit bread
  10. Leviticus 22:13 Lit stranger
  11. Leviticus 22:16 Or iniquity requiring a guilt offering
  12. Leviticus 22:18 Lit vows
  13. Leviticus 22:21 Or make a special votive offering
  14. Leviticus 22:23 Or a deformed
  15. Leviticus 22:25 Lit bread
  16. Leviticus 22:27 Lit be
  17. Leviticus 22:27 Lit under
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Leviticus 22
New International Version

22 The Lord said to Moses, 2 “Tell Aaron and his sons to treat with respect the sacred offerings(A) the Israelites consecrate to me, so they will not profane my holy name.(B) I am the Lord.(C)

3 “Say to them: ‘For the generations to come, if any of your descendants is ceremonially unclean and yet comes near the sacred offerings that the Israelites consecrate to the Lord,(D) that person must be cut off from my presence.(E) I am the Lord.

4 “‘If a descendant of Aaron has a defiling skin disease[a] or a bodily discharge,(F) he may not eat the sacred offerings until he is cleansed. He will also be unclean if he touches something defiled by a corpse(G) or by anyone who has an emission of semen, 5 or if he touches any crawling thing(H) that makes him unclean, or any person(I) who makes him unclean, whatever the uncleanness may be. 6 The one who touches any such thing will be unclean(J) till evening.(K) He must not eat any of the sacred offerings unless he has bathed himself with water.(L) 7 When the sun goes down, he will be clean, and after that he may eat the sacred offerings, for they are his food.(M) 8 He must not eat anything found dead(N) or torn by wild animals,(O) and so become unclean(P) through it. I am the Lord.(Q)

9 “‘The priests are to perform my service(R) in such a way that they do not become guilty(S) and die(T) for treating it with contempt. I am the Lord, who makes them holy.(U)

10 “‘No one outside a priest’s family may eat the sacred offering, nor may the guest of a priest or his hired worker eat it.(V) 11 But if a priest buys a slave with money, or if slaves are born in his household, they may eat his food.(W) 12 If a priest’s daughter marries anyone other than a priest, she may not eat any of the sacred contributions. 13 But if a priest’s daughter becomes a widow or is divorced, yet has no children, and she returns to live in her father’s household as in her youth, she may eat her father’s food. No unauthorized person, however, may eat it.

14 “‘Anyone who eats a sacred offering by mistake(X) must make restitution to the priest for the offering and add a fifth of the value(Y) to it. 15 The priests must not desecrate the sacred offerings(Z) the Israelites present to the Lord(AA) 16 by allowing them to eat(AB) the sacred offerings and so bring upon them guilt(AC) requiring payment.(AD) I am the Lord, who makes them holy.(AE)’”

Unacceptable Sacrifices

17 The Lord said to Moses, 18 “Speak to Aaron and his sons and to all the Israelites and say to them: ‘If any of you—whether an Israelite or a foreigner residing in Israel(AF)—presents a gift(AG) for a burnt offering to the Lord, either to fulfill a vow(AH) or as a freewill offering,(AI) 19 you must present a male without defect(AJ) from the cattle, sheep or goats in order that it may be accepted on your behalf.(AK) 20 Do not bring anything with a defect,(AL) because it will not be accepted on your behalf.(AM) 21 When anyone brings from the herd or flock(AN) a fellowship offering(AO) to the Lord to fulfill a special vow or as a freewill offering,(AP) it must be without defect or blemish(AQ) to be acceptable.(AR) 22 Do not offer to the Lord the blind, the injured or the maimed, or anything with warts or festering or running sores. Do not place any of these on the altar as a food offering presented to the Lord. 23 You may, however, present as a freewill offering an ox[b] or a sheep that is deformed or stunted, but it will not be accepted in fulfillment of a vow. 24 You must not offer to the Lord an animal whose testicles are bruised, crushed, torn or cut.(AS) You must not do this in your own land, 25 and you must not accept such animals from the hand of a foreigner and offer them as the food of your God.(AT) They will not be accepted on your behalf, because they are deformed and have defects.(AU)’”

26 The Lord said to Moses, 27 “When a calf, a lamb or a goat(AV) is born, it is to remain with its mother for seven days.(AW) From the eighth day(AX) on, it will be acceptable(AY) as a food offering presented to the Lord. 28 Do not slaughter a cow or a sheep and its young on the same day.(AZ)

29 “When you sacrifice a thank offering(BA) to the Lord, sacrifice it in such a way that it will be accepted on your behalf. 30 It must be eaten that same day; leave none of it till morning.(BB) I am the Lord.(BC)

31 “Keep(BD) my commands and follow them.(BE) I am the Lord. 32 Do not profane my holy name,(BF) for I must be acknowledged as holy by the Israelites.(BG) I am the Lord, who made you holy(BH) 33 and who brought you out of Egypt(BI) to be your God.(BJ) I am the Lord.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 22:4 The Hebrew word for defiling skin disease, traditionally translated “leprosy,” was used for various diseases affecting the skin.
  2. Leviticus 22:23 The Hebrew word can refer to either male or female.
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Leviticus 22
King James Version

22 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

2 Speak unto Aaron and to his sons, that they separate themselves from the holy things of the children of Israel, and that they profane not my holy name in those things which they hallow unto me: I am the Lord.

3 Say unto them, Whosoever he be of all your seed among your generations, that goeth unto the holy things, which the children of Israel hallow unto the Lord, having his uncleanness upon him, that soul shall be cut off from my presence: I am the Lord.

4 What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or hath a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth any thing that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

5 Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

6 The soul which hath touched any such shall be unclean until even, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he wash his flesh with water.

7 And when the sun is down, he shall be clean, and shall afterward eat of the holy things; because it is his food.

8 That which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall not eat to defile himself therewith; I am the Lord.

9 They shall therefore keep mine ordinance, lest they bear sin for it, and die therefore, if they profane it: I the Lord do sanctify them.

10 There shall no stranger eat of the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat of the holy thing.

11 But if the priest buy any soul with his money, he shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his meat.

12 If the priest's daughter also be married unto a stranger, she may not eat of an offering of the holy things.

13 But if the priest's daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father's house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father's meat: but there shall be no stranger eat thereof.

14 And if a man eat of the holy thing unwittingly, then he shall put the fifth part thereof unto it, and shall give it unto the priest with the holy thing.

15 And they shall not profane the holy things of the children of Israel, which they offer unto the Lord;

16 Or suffer them to bear the iniquity of trespass, when they eat their holy things: for I the Lord do sanctify them.

17 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

18 Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever he be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the Lord for a burnt offering;

19 Ye shall offer at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.

20 But whatsoever hath a blemish, that shall ye not offer: for it shall not be acceptable for you.

21 And whosoever offereth a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the Lord to accomplish his vow, or a freewill offering in beeves or sheep, it shall be perfect to be accepted; there shall be no blemish therein.

22 Blind, or broken, or maimed, or having a wen, or scurvy, or scabbed, ye shall not offer these unto the Lord, nor make an offering by fire of them upon the altar unto the Lord.

23 Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing superfluous or lacking in his parts, that mayest thou offer for a freewill offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.

24 Ye shall not offer unto the Lord that which is bruised, or crushed, or broken, or cut; neither shall ye make any offering thereof in your land.

25 Neither from a stranger's hand shall ye offer the bread of your God of any of these; because their corruption is in them, and blemishes be in them: they shall not be accepted for you.

26 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

27 When a bullock, or a sheep, or a goat, is brought forth, then it shall be seven days under the dam; and from the eighth day and thenceforth it shall be accepted for an offering made by fire unto the Lord.

28 And whether it be cow, or ewe, ye shall not kill it and her young both in one day.

29 And when ye will offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving unto the Lord, offer it at your own will.

30 On the same day it shall be eaten up; ye shall leave none of it until the morrow: I am the Lord.

31 Therefore shall ye keep my commandments, and do them: I am the Lord.

32 Neither shall ye profane my holy name; but I will be hallowed among the children of Israel: I am the Lord which hallow you,

33 That brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God: I am the Lord.

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