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Voici les nations que l'Eternel laissa tranquilles pour mettre à travers elles les Israélites à l’épreuve, tous ceux qui n'avaient pas connu les guerres de conquête de Canaan. – Il voulait seulement que les générations des Israélites, ceux qui ne l'avaient pas connue auparavant, connaissent et apprennent la guerre. – Ces nations étaient les suivantes: les cinq princes des Philistins, tous les Cananéens, les Sidoniens et les Héviens qui habitaient la région montagneuse du Liban, depuis le mont Baal-Hermon jusqu'à l'entrée de Hamath. Elles servirent à mettre les Israélites à l'épreuve, afin que l'Eternel sache s'ils obéiraient aux commandements qu'il avait prescrits à leurs ancêtres par l’intermédiaire de Moïse. Les Israélites habitèrent au milieu des Cananéens, des Hittites, des Amoréens, des Phéréziens, des Héviens et des Jébusiens. Ils prirent leurs filles pour femmes, ils donnèrent leurs propres filles à leurs fils, et ils servirent leurs dieux.

Les juges et leurs exploits 3.7–16.31

Victoire d'Othniel sur le roi de Mésopotamie

Les Israélites firent ce qui déplaît à l'Eternel: ils oublièrent l'Eternel et servirent les Baals et les idoles. La colère de l'Eternel s'enflamma alors contre Israël et il les vendit à Cushan-Risheathaïm, le roi de Mésopotamie, de sorte qu’ils lui furent soumis pendant 8 ans.

Les Israélites crièrent à l'Eternel et l'Eternel fit surgir pour eux un libérateur qui les délivra. C’était Othniel, fils de Kenaz, le frère cadet de Caleb. 10 L'Esprit de l'Eternel reposa sur lui. Il devint juge en Israël et partit en guerre. L'Eternel livra entre ses mains Cushan-Risheathaïm, le roi de Mésopotamie, et il exerça une puissante domination sur Cushan-Risheathaïm. 11 Le pays fut en paix pendant 40 ans. Puis Othniel, fils de Kenaz, mourut.

Victoire d'Ehud sur les Moabites

12 Les Israélites firent encore ce qui déplaît à l'Eternel et l'Eternel donna de la force à Eglon, le roi de Moab, contre Israël. Cela arriva parce qu'ils avaient fait ce qui déplaît à l'Eternel. 13 Eglon rallia les Ammonites et les Amalécites et se mit en marche. Il battit Israël et ils s'emparèrent de la ville des palmiers. 14 Les Israélites furent pendant 18 ans soumis à Eglon, le roi de Moab.

15 Les Israélites crièrent à l'Eternel, et l'Eternel fit surgir pour eux un libérateur. C’était Ehud, fils de Guéra, un Benjaminite qui était gaucher. Les Israélites envoyèrent par son intermédiaire un cadeau à Eglon, le roi de Moab. 16 Ehud se fabriqua une épée à deux tranchants, longue de 50 centimètres, et il la mit à sa ceinture sous ses vêtements, le long de sa cuisse droite. 17 Il offrit le cadeau à Eglon, roi de Moab. Or Eglon était un homme très gros. 18 Lorsqu'il eut fini d'offrir le cadeau, Ehud renvoya les gens qui l'avaient apporté. 19 Il revint lui-même sur ses pas, depuis les statues qui se trouvent près de Guilgal, et il dit: «Roi, j'ai un message secret à te dire.» Le roi réclama du calme, et tous ceux qui étaient à ses côtés sortirent. 20 Ehud s’approcha de lui alors qu’il était assis seul dans sa chambre d'été et dit: «J'ai un message de Dieu pour toi.» Eglon se leva de son siège. 21 Alors Ehud avança la main gauche, tira l'épée de son côté droit et la lui enfonça dans le ventre. 22 La poignée elle-même pénétra après la lame et la graisse se referma autour de la lame. En effet, il ne retira pas l'épée du ventre d’Eglon. Puis il sortit par-derrière.

23 Ehud sortit donc par le portique, ferma sur lui les portes de la chambre à l'étage et tira le verrou. 24 Quand il fut sorti, les serviteurs du roi vinrent regarder: les portes de la chambre étaient verrouillées. Ils se dirent: «Le roi fait sans doute ses besoins dans la chambre d'été.» 25 Ils attendirent longtemps. Comme le roi n'ouvrait toujours pas les portes de la chambre, ils prirent la clé et l’ouvrirent: leur maître était mort, étendu par terre. 26 Pendant qu'ils prenaient ainsi du retard, Ehud s’était enfui, avait dépassé les statues et se sauvait à Séïra. 27 Dès son arrivée, il sonna de la trompette dans la région montagneuse d'Ephraïm. Les Israélites descendirent avec lui de la montagne et il se mit à leur tête. 28 Il leur dit: «Suivez-moi, car l'Eternel a livré les Moabites, vos ennemis, entre vos mains.» Ils descendirent à sa suite, s'emparèrent des gués du Jourdain qui se trouvent en face de Moab et n’y laissèrent passer personne. 29 Ils battirent à cette occasion environ 10'000 Moabites, tous robustes, tous vaillants. Il n’y eut aucun rescapé. 30 Ce jour-là, Moab subit la domination d'Israël. Et le pays fut en paix pendant 80 ans.

Victoire de Shamgar sur les Philistins

31 Après Ehud, il y eut Shamgar, fils d'Anath. Il battit 600 Philistins avec un aiguillon à bœufs. Lui aussi fut un libérateur d'Israël.

These are the nations the Lord left to test(A) all those Israelites who had not experienced any of the wars in Canaan (he did this only to teach warfare to the descendants of the Israelites who had not had previous battle experience): the five(B) rulers of the Philistines,(C) all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites(D) living in the Lebanon mountains from Mount Baal Hermon(E) to Lebo Hamath.(F) They were left to test(G) the Israelites to see whether they would obey the Lord’s commands, which he had given their ancestors through Moses.

The Israelites lived(H) among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites,(I) Hivites and Jebusites.(J) They took their daughters(K) in marriage and gave their own daughters to their sons, and served their gods.(L)

Othniel

The Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord; they forgot the Lord(M) their God and served the Baals and the Asherahs.(N) The anger of the Lord burned against Israel so that he sold(O) them into the hands of Cushan-Rishathaim(P) king of Aram Naharaim,[a](Q) to whom the Israelites were subject for eight years. But when they cried out(R) to the Lord, he raised up for them a deliverer,(S) Othniel(T) son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, who saved them. 10 The Spirit of the Lord came on him,(U) so that he became Israel’s judge[b] and went to war. The Lord gave Cushan-Rishathaim(V) king of Aram(W) into the hands of Othniel, who overpowered him. 11 So the land had peace(X) for forty years,(Y) until Othniel son of Kenaz(Z) died.

Ehud

12 Again the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord,(AA) and because they did this evil the Lord gave Eglon king of Moab(AB) power over Israel. 13 Getting the Ammonites(AC) and Amalekites(AD) to join him, Eglon came and attacked Israel, and they took possession of the City of Palms.[c](AE) 14 The Israelites were subject to Eglon king of Moab(AF) for eighteen years.

15 Again the Israelites cried out to the Lord, and he gave them a deliverer(AG)—Ehud(AH), a left-handed(AI) man, the son of Gera the Benjamite. The Israelites sent him with tribute(AJ) to Eglon king of Moab. 16 Now Ehud(AK) had made a double-edged sword about a cubit[d] long, which he strapped to his right thigh under his clothing. 17 He presented the tribute(AL) to Eglon king of Moab, who was a very fat man.(AM) 18 After Ehud had presented the tribute, he sent on their way those who had carried it. 19 But on reaching the stone images near Gilgal he himself went back to Eglon and said, “Your Majesty, I have a secret message for you.”

The king said to his attendants, “Leave us!” And they all left.

20 Ehud then approached him while he was sitting alone in the upper room of his palace[e](AN) and said, “I have a message from God for you.” As the king rose(AO) from his seat, 21 Ehud reached with his left hand, drew the sword(AP) from his right thigh and plunged it into the king’s belly. 22 Even the handle sank in after the blade, and his bowels discharged. Ehud did not pull the sword out, and the fat closed in over it. 23 Then Ehud went out to the porch[f]; he shut the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

24 After he had gone, the servants came and found the doors of the upper room locked. They said, “He must be relieving himself(AQ) in the inner room of the palace.” 25 They waited to the point of embarrassment,(AR) but when he did not open the doors of the room, they took a key and unlocked them. There they saw their lord fallen to the floor, dead.

26 While they waited, Ehud got away. He passed by the stone images and escaped to Seirah. 27 When he arrived there, he blew a trumpet(AS) in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites went down with him from the hills, with him leading them.

28 “Follow me,” he ordered, “for the Lord has given Moab,(AT) your enemy, into your hands.(AU)” So they followed him down and took possession of the fords of the Jordan(AV) that led to Moab; they allowed no one to cross over. 29 At that time they struck down about ten thousand Moabites, all vigorous and strong; not one escaped. 30 That day Moab(AW) was made subject to Israel, and the land had peace(AX) for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After Ehud came Shamgar son of Anath,(AY) who struck down six hundred(AZ) Philistines(BA) with an oxgoad. He too saved Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:8 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  2. Judges 3:10 Or leader
  3. Judges 3:13 That is, Jericho
  4. Judges 3:16 That is, about 18 inches or about 45 centimeters
  5. Judges 3:20 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain; also in verse 24.
  6. Judges 3:23 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

Yahweh Tests Israel

(A)Now these are the nations which Yahweh allowed to remain, to test Israel by them (that is, all who had not known any of the wars of Canaan; [a]however, God tested them in order that the generations of the sons of Israel would know war, by learning war, [b]especially those who had not known it formerly). These nations are: the five lords of the Philistines and all the Canaanites and the Sidonians and (B)the Hivites who lived in Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal-hermon as far as [c]Lebo-hamath. And they were for [d](C)testing Israel, to know if they would [e]obey the commandments of Yahweh, which He had commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses. (D)Now the sons of Israel lived among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; and (E)they took their daughters for themselves as wives and gave their own daughters to their sons and served their gods.

Yahweh Raises Up Othniel

Thus the sons of Israel did (F)what was evil in the eyes of Yahweh and (G)forgot Yahweh their God and (H)served the Baals and the [f]Asheroth. Then the anger of Yahweh burned against Israel, so that He sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim king of [g]Mesopotamia; and the sons of Israel served Cushan-rishathaim eight years. Then the sons of Israel cried to Yahweh, and Yahweh raised up a savior for the sons of Israel to save them, (I)Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 (J)And the Spirit of Yahweh came upon him, and he judged Israel. And he went out to war, and Yahweh gave Cushan-rishathaim king of [h]Mesopotamia into his hand. So his hand was strong against Cushan-rishathaim. 11 Then the land was quiet for forty years. And Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

12 Then the sons of Israel again (K)did what was evil in the eyes of Yahweh. So (L)Yahweh strengthened Eglon the king of Moab against Israel because they had done what was evil in the eyes of Yahweh. 13 And he gathered to himself the sons of Ammon and Amalek; and he went and struck Israel, and they possessed (M)the city of the palm trees. 14 So the sons of Israel served Eglon the king of Moab eighteen years.

Yahweh Raises Up Ehud and Shamgar

15 Then the sons of Israel (N)cried to Yahweh, and Yahweh raised up a savior for them, Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a left-handed man. And the sons of Israel sent tribute by his hand to Eglon the king of Moab. 16 And Ehud made himself a sword which had two edges, a [i]cubit in length, and he bound it on his right thigh under his cloak. 17 Then he brought the tribute near to Eglon king of Moab. Now Eglon was a very fat man. 18 And it happened when he had finished bringing the tribute near, that he sent away the people who had carried the tribute. 19 But he himself turned back from the graven images which were at Gilgal and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” And he said, “Keep silence.” And all who stood by him left him. 20 But Ehud came to him while he was sitting alone in his cool roof chamber. And Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you.” And he arose from his seat. 21 Then Ehud sent forth his left hand, took the sword from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly. 22 The handle also went in after the blade, and the fat closed over the blade, for he did not draw the sword out of his belly; and the refuse came out. 23 Then Ehud went out into the vestibule and shut the doors of the roof chamber behind him and locked them.

24 Now he went out, and his servants came in and looked, and behold, the doors of the roof chamber were locked; and they said, “(O)He is surely [j]relieving himself in the cool room.” 25 Then they waited until they were ashamed; but behold, he did not open the doors of the roof chamber. Therefore they took the key and opened them, and behold, their master had fallen to the [k]floor dead.

26 Now Ehud escaped while they were delaying, and he passed by the graven images and escaped to Seirah. 27 And it happened when he had arrived, that (P)he blew the trumpet in the hill country of Ephraim; and the sons of Israel went down with him from the hill country, and he was in front of them. 28 Then he said to them, “Pursue them, for Yahweh has given your enemies the Moabites into your hands.” So they went down after him and captured (Q)the fords of the Jordan opposite Moab and did not allow anyone to cross. 29 And they struck down at that time about 10,000 Moabites, all robust and valiant men; and no one escaped. 30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And the land was quiet for eighty years.

31 Now after him was (R)Shamgar the son of Anath. And he struck down 600 Philistines with an oxgoad; and he also saved Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:2 Lit only
  2. Judges 3:2 Lit only
  3. Judges 3:3 Or the entrance of Hamath
  4. Judges 3:4 Lit testing by them
  5. Judges 3:4 Lit hear
  6. Judges 3:7 Wooden symbols of a female deity
  7. Judges 3:8 Heb Aram-naharaim
  8. Judges 3:10 Heb Aram
  9. Judges 3:16 A cubit was approx. 18 in. or 45 cm
  10. Judges 3:24 Lit covering his feet
  11. Judges 3:25 Lit earth