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A Warning for Zedekiah

34 King Nebuchadnezzar[a] of Babylon came with all the armies from the kingdoms he ruled, and he fought against Jerusalem and the towns of Judah. At that time this message came to Jeremiah from the Lord: “Go to King Zedekiah of Judah, and tell him, ‘This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I am about to hand this city over to the king of Babylon, and he will burn it down. You will not escape his grasp but will be captured and taken to meet the king of Babylon face to face. Then you will be exiled to Babylon.

“‘But listen to this promise from the Lord, O Zedekiah, king of Judah. This is what the Lord says: You will not be killed in war but will die peacefully. People will burn incense in your memory, just as they did for your ancestors, the kings who preceded you. They will mourn for you, crying, “Alas, our master is dead!” This I have decreed, says the Lord.’”

So Jeremiah the prophet delivered the message to King Zedekiah of Judah. At this time the Babylonian army was besieging Jerusalem, Lachish, and Azekah—the only fortified cities of Judah not yet captured.

Freedom for Hebrew Slaves

This message came to Jeremiah from the Lord after King Zedekiah made a covenant with the people, proclaiming freedom for the slaves. He had ordered all the people to free their Hebrew slaves—both men and women. No one was to keep a fellow Judean in bondage. 10 The officials and all the people had obeyed the king’s command, 11 but later they changed their minds. They took back the men and women they had freed, forcing them to be slaves again.

12 So the Lord gave them this message through Jeremiah: 13 “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: I made a covenant with your ancestors long ago when I rescued them from their slavery in Egypt. 14 I told them that every Hebrew slave must be freed after serving six years. But your ancestors paid no attention to me. 15 Recently you repented and did what was right, following my command. You freed your slaves and made a solemn covenant with me in the Temple that bears my name. 16 But now you have shrugged off your oath and defiled my name by taking back the men and women you had freed, forcing them to be slaves once again.

17 “Therefore, this is what the Lord says: Since you have not obeyed me by setting your countrymen free, I will set you free to be destroyed by war, disease, and famine. You will be an object of horror to all the nations of the earth. 18 Because you have broken the terms of our covenant, I will cut you apart just as you cut apart the calf when you walked between its halves to solemnize your vows. 19 Yes, I will cut you apart, whether you are officials of Judah or Jerusalem, court officials, priests, or common people—for you have broken your oath. 20 I will give you to your enemies, and they will kill you. Your bodies will be food for the vultures and wild animals.

21 “I will hand over King Zedekiah of Judah and his officials to the army of the king of Babylon. And although they have left Jerusalem for a while, 22 I will call the Babylonian armies back again. They will fight against this city and will capture it and burn it down. I will see to it that all the towns of Judah are destroyed, with no one living there.”

Footnotes

  1. 34:1 Hebrew Nebuchadrezzar, a variant spelling of Nebuchadnezzar.

A Prophecy Against Zedekiah

34 The word which came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, when (A)Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and all his military force, with (B)all the kingdoms of the earth that were under his [a]dominion and all the peoples, were fighting against Jerusalem and against all its cities, saying, “Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, ‘(C)Go and speak to Zedekiah king of Judah and say to him: “Thus says Yahweh, ‘Behold, (D)I am giving this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and (E)he will burn it with fire. (F)And you will not escape from his hand, for you will surely be seized and given into his hand; and you will (G)see the king of Babylon eye to eye, and he will speak with you [b]face to face, and you will go to Babylon.’”’ Yet hear the word of Yahweh, O Zedekiah king of Judah! Thus says Yahweh concerning you, ‘You will not die by the sword. You will die in peace; and as spices were burned for your fathers, the former kings who were before you, so they will (H)burn spices for you; and (I)they will lament for you, “Alas, lord!”’ For I have spoken the word,” declares Yahweh.

Then Jeremiah the prophet spoke (J)all these words to Zedekiah king of Judah in Jerusalem when the military force of the king of Babylon was fighting against Jerusalem and against all the cities of Judah that were left, that is, (K)Lachish and (L)Azekah, for they alone remained as (M)fortified cities among the cities of Judah.

The word which came to Jeremiah from Yahweh after King Zedekiah had (N)cut a covenant with all the people who were in Jerusalem to (O)proclaim [c]release to them: that each man should let his male slave go free and each man his female slave, a (P)Hebrew man or a Hebrew woman, so that (Q)no one should enslave them, each being a Jew, his brother. 10 And all the (R)officials and all the people obeyed who had entered into the covenant that each man should let his male slave go free and each man his female slave, so that no one should enslave them any longer; they obeyed and let them go free. 11 But afterwards they turned around and returned to themselves the male slaves and the female slaves, whom they had let go as free, and subdued them to be male slaves and female slaves.

12 Then the word of Yahweh came to Jeremiah from Yahweh, saying, 13 “Thus says Yahweh, the God of Israel, ‘I (S)cut a covenant with your fathers in the day that I (T)brought them out of the land of Egypt, from the house of slavery, saying, 14 (U)At the end of seven years each of you shall let his Hebrew brother go who [d]has been sold to you and has served you six years, and you shall let him go to be free from you; but your fathers (V)did not obey Me or incline their ear to Me. 15 Although recently you had turned and (W)done what is right in My sight, each man proclaiming [e]release to his neighbor, and you had (X)cut a covenant before Me (Y)in the house which is called by My name. 16 Yet you (Z)turned and (AA)profaned My name, and each man [f]returned to themselves his male slave and each man his female slave whom you had let go as free according to their desire, and you subdued them to be your male slaves and female slaves.”’

17 “Therefore thus says Yahweh, ‘You have not obeyed Me in proclaiming [g]release each man to his brother and each man to his neighbor. Behold, I am (AB)proclaiming a [h]release to you,’ declares Yahweh, ‘to the (AC)sword, to the pestilence, and to the famine; and I will make you a (AD)terror to all the kingdoms of the earth. 18 And I will give the men who have (AE)trespassed against My covenant, who have not established the words of the covenant which they cut before Me, when they (AF)cut the calf in two and passed between its parts— 19 the (AG)officials of Judah and the officials of Jerusalem, the court officers and the priests and all the people of the land who passed between the parts of the calf— 20 And I will give them into the hand of their enemies and into the hand of those who (AH)seek their life. And their (AI)dead bodies will be food for the birds of the sky and the beasts of the earth. 21 (AJ)And as for Zedekiah king of Judah and his officials, I will give them into the hand of their enemies and into the hand of those who seek their life and into the hand of the military force of the king of Babylon which has (AK)gone away from you. 22 Behold, I am going to command,’ declares Yahweh, ‘and I will cause them to return to this city; and they will fight against it and (AL)capture it and burn it with fire; and I will make the cities of Judah a (AM)desolation (AN)without inhabitant.’”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 34:1 Lit dominion of his hand
  2. Jeremiah 34:3 Lit mouth to mouth
  3. Jeremiah 34:8 Or liberty
  4. Jeremiah 34:14 Or has sold himself
  5. Jeremiah 34:15 Or liberty
  6. Jeremiah 34:16 Lit caused them to return
  7. Jeremiah 34:17 Or liberty
  8. Jeremiah 34:17 Or liberty