10 but deal only with (A)food and drink and (B)various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.

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10 They are only a matter of food(A) and drink(B) and various ceremonial washings(C)—external regulations(D) applying until the time of the new order.

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Let No One Disqualify You

16 Therefore let no one (A)pass judgment on you (B)in questions of food and drink, or with regard to (C)a festival or (D)a new moon or a Sabbath.

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Freedom From Human Rules

16 Therefore do not let anyone judge you(A) by what you eat or drink,(B) or with regard to a religious festival,(C) a New Moon celebration(D) or a Sabbath day.(E)

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16 who has become a priest, not on the basis of a legal requirement concerning bodily descent, but by the power of an indestructible life.

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16 one who has become a priest not on the basis of a regulation as to his ancestry but on the basis of the power of an indestructible life.

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15 by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in (A)ordinances, that he might create in himself one (B)new man in place of the two, so making peace,

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15 by setting aside in his flesh(A) the law with its commands and regulations.(B) His purpose was to create in himself one(C) new humanity out of the two, thus making peace,

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24 And he shall bathe his body in water in a holy place and put on his garments and come out and (A)offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people and make atonement for himself and for the people.

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24 He shall bathe himself with water in the sanctuary area(A) and put on his regular garments.(B) Then he shall come out and sacrifice the burnt offering for himself and the burnt offering for the people,(C) to make atonement for himself and for the people.(D)

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22 let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts (A)sprinkled clean (B)from an evil conscience and our bodies (C)washed with pure water.

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22 let us draw near to God(A) with a sincere heart and with the full assurance that faith brings,(B) having our hearts sprinkled to cleanse us from a guilty conscience(C) and having our bodies washed with pure water.(D)

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14 Then I said, (A)“Ah, Lord God! Behold, I have never defiled myself.[a] (B)From my youth up till now I have never eaten (C)what died of itself or was torn by beasts, nor has (D)tainted meat come into my mouth.”

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Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 4:14 Hebrew my soul (or throat) has never been made unclean

14 Then I said, “Not so, Sovereign Lord!(A) I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have never eaten anything found dead(B) or torn by wild animals. No impure meat has ever entered my mouth.(C)

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“Speak to the people of Israel, saying, (A)These are the living things that you may eat among all the animals that are on the earth. Whatever parts the hoof and is cloven-footed and chews the cud, among the animals, you may eat. Nevertheless, among those that chew the cud or part the hoof, you shall not eat these: The camel, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the (B)rock badger, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the hare, because it chews the cud but does not part the hoof, is unclean to you. And the pig, because it parts the hoof and is cloven-footed but does not chew the cud, (C)is unclean to you. You shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall not touch their carcasses; they are unclean to you.

“These you may eat, of all that are in the waters. Everything in the waters that has fins and scales, whether in the seas or in the rivers, you may eat. 10 But anything in the seas or the rivers that does not have fins and scales, of the swarming creatures in the waters and of the living creatures that are in the waters, is (D)detestable to you. 11 You shall regard them as detestable; you shall not eat any of their flesh, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12 Everything in the waters that does not have fins and scales is detestable to you.

13 “And these you shall detest among the birds;[a] they shall not be eaten; they are (E)detestable: (F)the eagle,[b] the bearded vulture, the black vulture, 14 the kite, (G)the falcon of any kind, 15 every raven of any kind, 16 the ostrich, the nighthawk, the sea gull, the (H)hawk of any kind, 17 the (I)little owl, the cormorant, the (J)short-eared owl, 18 the barn owl, the (K)tawny owl, the carrion vulture, 19 the stork, the heron of any kind, the hoopoe, and (L)the bat.

20 “All winged insects that go on all fours are detestable to you. 21 Yet among the winged insects that go on all fours you may eat those that have jointed legs above their feet, with which to hop on the ground. 22 Of them you may eat: (M)the locust of any kind, the bald locust of any kind, the cricket of any kind, and the grasshopper of any kind. 23 But all other winged insects that have four feet are detestable to you.

24 “And by these you shall become unclean. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 25 and whoever carries any part of their carcass (N)shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. 26 Every animal that parts the hoof but is not cloven-footed or does not chew the cud is unclean to you. Everyone who touches them shall be unclean. 27 And all that walk on their paws, among the animals that go on all fours, are unclean to you. Whoever touches their carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 28 and he who carries their carcass (O)shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening; they are unclean to you.

29 “And these are unclean to you among the swarming things that swarm on the ground: the mole rat, (P)the mouse, the great lizard of any kind, 30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the lizard, the sand lizard, and the chameleon. 31 These are unclean to you among all that swarm. Whoever touches them when they are dead shall be unclean until the evening. 32 And anything on which any of them falls when they are dead shall be unclean, whether it is an article of wood or a garment or a skin or a sack, any article that is used for any purpose. (Q)It must be put into water, and it shall be unclean until the evening; then it shall be clean. 33 And if any of them falls into any earthenware vessel, all that is in it shall be unclean, and you (R)shall break it. 34 Any food in it that could be eaten, on which water comes, shall be unclean. And all drink that could be drunk from every such vessel shall be unclean. 35 And everything on which any part of their carcass falls shall be unclean. Whether oven or stove, it shall be broken in pieces. They are unclean and shall remain unclean for you. 36 Nevertheless, a spring or a cistern holding water shall be clean, but whoever touches a carcass in them shall be unclean. 37 And if any part of their carcass falls upon any seed grain that is to be sown, it is clean, 38 but if water is put on the seed and any part of their carcass falls on it, it is unclean to you.

39 “And if any animal which you may eat dies, whoever touches its carcass shall be unclean until the evening, 40 and (S)whoever eats of its carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening. And whoever carries the carcass shall wash his clothes and be unclean until the evening.

41 (T)“Every swarming thing that swarms on the ground is detestable; it shall not be eaten. 42 Whatever goes on its belly, and whatever goes on all fours, or whatever has many feet, any swarming thing that swarms on the ground, you shall not eat, for they are detestable. 43 (U)You shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarms, and you shall not defile yourselves with them, and become unclean through them. 44 For I am the Lord your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and (V)be holy, for I am holy. (W)You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground. 45 (X)For I am the Lord who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. (Y)You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.”

46 This is the law about beast and bird and every living creature that moves through the waters and every creature that swarms on the ground, 47 (Z)to make a distinction between the unclean and the clean and between the living creature that may be eaten and the living creature that may not be eaten.

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 11:13 Or things that fly; compare Genesis 1:20
  2. Leviticus 11:13 The identity of many of these birds is uncertain

“Say to the Israelites: ‘Of all the animals that live on land, these are the ones you may eat:(A) You may eat any animal that has a divided hoof and that chews the cud.

“‘There are some that only chew the cud or only have a divided hoof, but you must not eat them.(B) The camel, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is ceremonially unclean for you. The hyrax, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. The rabbit, though it chews the cud, does not have a divided hoof; it is unclean for you. And the pig,(C) though it has a divided hoof, does not chew the cud; it is unclean for you. You must not eat their meat or touch their carcasses; they are unclean for you.(D)

“‘Of all the creatures living in the water of the seas and the streams you may eat any that have fins and scales. 10 But all creatures in the seas or streams that do not have fins and scales—whether among all the swarming things or among all the other living creatures in the water—you are to regard as unclean.(E) 11 And since you are to regard them as unclean, you must not eat their meat; you must regard their carcasses as unclean.(F) 12 Anything living in the water that does not have fins and scales is to be regarded as unclean by you.(G)

13 “‘These are the birds you are to regard as unclean and not eat because they are unclean: the eagle,[a] the vulture, the black vulture, 14 the red kite, any kind(H) of black kite, 15 any kind of raven,(I) 16 the horned owl, the screech owl, the gull, any kind of hawk, 17 the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18 the white owl,(J) the desert owl, the osprey, 19 the stork,(K) any kind(L) of heron, the hoopoe and the bat.(M)

20 “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are to be regarded as unclean by you.(N) 21 There are, however, some flying insects that walk on all fours that you may eat: those that have jointed legs for hopping on the ground. 22 Of these you may eat any kind of locust,(O) katydid, cricket or grasshopper. 23 But all other flying insects that have four legs you are to regard as unclean.

24 “‘You will make yourselves unclean by these;(P) whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening.(Q) 25 Whoever picks up one of their carcasses must wash their clothes,(R) and they will be unclean till evening.(S)

26 “‘Every animal that does not have a divided hoof or that does not chew the cud is unclean for you; whoever touches the carcass of any of them will be unclean. 27 Of all the animals that walk on all fours, those that walk on their paws are unclean for you; whoever touches their carcasses will be unclean till evening. 28 Anyone who picks up their carcasses must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.(T) These animals are unclean for you.

29 “‘Of the animals that move along the ground, these are unclean for you:(U) the weasel, the rat,(V) any kind of great lizard, 30 the gecko, the monitor lizard, the wall lizard, the skink and the chameleon. 31 Of all those that move along the ground, these are unclean for you. Whoever touches them when they are dead will be unclean till evening. 32 When one of them dies and falls on something, that article, whatever its use, will be unclean, whether it is made of wood, cloth, hide or sackcloth.(W) Put it in water; it will be unclean till evening, and then it will be clean. 33 If one of them falls into a clay pot, everything in it will be unclean, and you must break the pot.(X) 34 Any food you are allowed to eat that has come into contact with water from any such pot is unclean, and any liquid that is drunk from such a pot is unclean. 35 Anything that one of their carcasses falls on becomes unclean; an oven or cooking pot must be broken up. They are unclean, and you are to regard them as unclean. 36 A spring, however, or a cistern for collecting water remains clean, but anyone who touches one of these carcasses is unclean. 37 If a carcass falls on any seeds that are to be planted, they remain clean. 38 But if water has been put on the seed and a carcass falls on it, it is unclean for you.

39 “‘If an animal that you are allowed to eat dies,(Y) anyone who touches its carcass(Z) will be unclean till evening. 40 Anyone who eats some of its carcass(AA) must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.(AB) Anyone who picks up the carcass must wash their clothes, and they will be unclean till evening.

41 “‘Every creature that moves along the ground is to be regarded as unclean; it is not to be eaten. 42 You are not to eat any creature that moves along the ground, whether it moves on its belly or walks on all fours or on many feet; it is unclean. 43 Do not defile yourselves by any of these creatures.(AC) Do not make yourselves unclean by means of them or be made unclean by them. 44 I am the Lord your God;(AD) consecrate yourselves(AE) and be holy,(AF) because I am holy.(AG) Do not make yourselves unclean by any creature that moves along the ground.(AH) 45 I am the Lord, who brought you up out of Egypt(AI) to be your God;(AJ) therefore be holy, because I am holy.(AK)

46 “‘These are the regulations concerning animals, birds, every living thing that moves about in the water and every creature that moves along the ground. 47 You must distinguish between the unclean and the clean, between living creatures that may be eaten and those that may not be eaten.(AL)’”

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Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 11:13 The precise identification of some of the birds, insects and animals in this chapter is uncertain.

and (A)have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come,

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who have tasted the goodness(A) of the word of God(B) and the powers of the coming age

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The Founder of Salvation

For it was not to angels that God subjected the world (A)to come, of which we are speaking.

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Jesus Made Fully Human

It is not to angels that he has subjected the world to come, about which we are speaking.

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20 If with Christ (A)you died to the (B)elemental spirits of the world, (C)why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— 21 (D)“Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” 22 ((E)referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to (F)human precepts and teachings?

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20 Since you died with Christ(A) to the elemental spiritual forces of this world,(B) why, as though you still belonged to the world, do you submit to its rules:(C) 21 “Do not handle! Do not taste! Do not touch!”? 22 These rules, which have to do with things that are all destined to perish(D) with use, are based on merely human commands and teachings.(E)

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In the same way we also, when we were children, (A)were enslaved to the elementary principles[a] of the world. But (B)when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, (C)born (D)of woman, born (E)under the law,

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:3 Or elemental spirits; also verse 9

So also, when we were underage, we were in slavery(A) under the elemental spiritual forces[a] of the world.(B) But when the set time had fully come,(C) God sent his Son,(D) born of a woman,(E) born under the law,(F)

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Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:3 Or under the basic principles

11 but when evening comes, he shall (A)bathe himself in water, and as the sun sets, he may come inside the camp.

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11 But as evening approaches he is to wash himself, and at sunset(A) he may return to the camp.(B)

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