Sons and Heirs

I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave,[a] though he is the owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. In the same way we also, when we were children, (A)were enslaved to the elementary principles[b] of the world. But (B)when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, (C)born (D)of woman, born (E)under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive (G)adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent (H)the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then (I)an heir through God.

Paul's Concern for the Galatians

Formerly, when you (J)did not know God, you (K)were enslaved to those that by nature (L)are not gods. But now that you have come to know God, or rather (M)to be known by God, (N)how can you turn back again to (O)the weak and worthless elementary principles of the world, whose slaves you want to be once more? 10 (P)You observe days and months and seasons and years! 11 I am afraid (Q)I may have labored over you in vain.

12 Brothers,[c] (R)I entreat you, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. (S)You did me no wrong. 13 You know it was (T)because of a bodily ailment that I preached the gospel to you (U)at first, 14 and though my condition was a trial to you, you did not scorn or despise me, but received me (V)as an angel of God, (W)as Christ Jesus. 15 What then has become of your blessedness? For I testify to you that, if possible, you would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I then become your enemy by (X)telling you the truth?[d] 17 They make much of you, but for no good purpose. They want to shut you out, that you may make much of them. 18 It is always good to be made much of for a good purpose, and (Y)not only when I am present with you, 19 (Z)my little children, (AA)for whom I am again in the anguish of childbirth until Christ (AB)is formed in you! 20 I wish I could be present with you now and change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.

Example of Hagar and Sarah

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not listen to the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons, (AC)one by a slave woman and (AD)one by a free woman. 23 But (AE)the son of the slave was born according to the flesh, while (AF)the son of the free woman was born through promise. 24 Now this may be interpreted allegorically: these women are two (AG)covenants. (AH)One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery; she is Hagar. 25 Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia;[e] she corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. 26 But (AI)the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother. 27 For it is written,

(AJ)“Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear;
    break forth and cry aloud, you who are not in labor!
For the children of the desolate one will be more
    than those of the one who has a husband.”

28 Now you,[f] brothers, (AK)like Isaac, (AL)are children of promise. 29 But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh (AM)persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AN)so also it is now. 30 But what does the Scripture say? (AO)“Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” 31 So, brothers, we are not children of the slave but (AP)of the free woman.

Christ Has Set Us Free

For (AQ)freedom Christ has (AR)set us free; (AS)stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to (AT)a yoke of (AU)slavery.

Look: I, Paul, say to you that (AV)if you accept circumcision, (AW)Christ will be of no advantage to you. I testify again to every man who accepts circumcision that (AX)he is obligated to keep the whole law. You are (AY)severed from Christ, (AZ)you who would be justified[g] by the law; (BA)you have fallen away from grace. For through the Spirit, by faith, we ourselves eagerly (BB)wait for the hope of righteousness. For in Christ Jesus (BC)neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts for anything, but (BD)only faith working through love.

(BE)You were running well. Who hindered you from obeying (BF)the truth? This persuasion is not from (BG)him who calls you. (BH)A little leaven leavens the whole lump. 10 (BI)I have confidence in the Lord that you will (BJ)take no other view, and (BK)the one who is troubling you will bear the penalty, whoever he is. 11 But if I, brothers,[h] still preach[i] circumcision, (BL)why am I still being persecuted? In that case (BM)the offense of the cross has been removed. 12 I wish (BN)those who unsettle you would emasculate themselves!

13 For you were called to freedom, brothers. (BO)Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love (BP)serve one another. 14 For (BQ)the whole law is fulfilled in one word: (BR)“You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 15 But if you (BS)bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another.

Keep in Step with the Spirit

16 But I say, (BT)walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify (BU)the desires of the flesh. 17 For (BV)the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, (BW)to keep you from doing the things you want to do. 18 But if you are (BX)led by the Spirit, (BY)you are not under the law. 19 Now (BZ)the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, 20 idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, (CA)divisions, 21 envy,[j] drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that (CB)those who do[k] such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. 22 But (CC)the fruit of the Spirit is (CD)love, joy, peace, patience, (CE)kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 (CF)gentleness, (CG)self-control; (CH)against such things there is no law. 24 And those who belong to Christ Jesus (CI)have crucified the flesh with its (CJ)passions and desires.

25 If we live by the Spirit, (CK)let us also keep in step with the Spirit. 26 (CL)Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.

Bear One Another's Burdens

Brothers,[l] (CM)if anyone is caught in any transgression, (CN)you who are spiritual should restore him in (CO)a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest you too be tempted. (CP)Bear one another's burdens, and (CQ)so fulfill (CR)the law of Christ. For (CS)if anyone thinks he is something, (CT)when he is nothing, he deceives himself. But let each one (CU)test his own work, and then his reason to boast will be in himself alone and not in his neighbor. For (CV)each will have to bear his own load.

(CW)Let the one who is taught the word share all good things with the one who teaches. (CX)Do not be deceived: God is not mocked, for (CY)whatever one sows, that will he also reap. For (CZ)the one who sows to his own flesh (DA)will from the flesh reap corruption, but (DB)the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life. And (DC)let us not grow weary of doing good, for in due season we will reap, (DD)if we do not give up. 10 So then, (DE)as we have opportunity, let us (DF)do good to everyone, and especially to those who are (DG)of the household of faith.

Final Warning and Benediction

11 See with what large letters I am writing to you (DH)with my own hand. 12 (DI)It is those who want to make a good showing in the flesh (DJ)who would force you to be circumcised, and only (DK)in order that they may not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. 13 For even those who are circumcised do not themselves keep the law, but they desire to have you circumcised that they may boast in your flesh. 14 But far be it from me to boast (DL)except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by which[m] the world (DM)has been crucified to me, and I to the world. 15 For (DN)neither circumcision counts for anything, nor uncircumcision, but (DO)a new creation. 16 And as for all who walk by this rule, (DP)peace and mercy be upon them, and upon (DQ)the Israel of God.

17 From now on let no one cause me trouble, for I bear on my body the marks of Jesus.

18 (DR)The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be (DS)with your spirit, brothers. Amen.

Greeting

Paul, (DT)an apostle of Christ Jesus (DU)by the will of God,

To the saints who are in Ephesus, and (DV)are faithful[n] in Christ Jesus:

(DW)Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Spiritual Blessings in Christ

(DX)Blessed be (DY)the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing (DZ)in the heavenly places, (EA)even as he (EB)chose us in him (EC)before the foundation of the world, that we should be (ED)holy and blameless before him. In love (EE)he predestined us[o] for (EF)adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, (EG)according to the purpose of his will, (EH)to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in (EI)the Beloved. (EJ)In him we have (EK)redemption (EL)through his blood, (EM)the forgiveness of our trespasses, (EN)according to the riches of his grace, which he lavished upon us, in all wisdom and insight (EO)making known[p] to us the mystery of his will, (EP)according to his purpose, which he (EQ)set forth in Christ 10 as a plan for (ER)the fullness of time, (ES)to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.

11 In him we have obtained (ET)an inheritance, (EU)having been predestined (EV)according to the purpose of him who works all things according to (EW)the counsel of his will, 12 so that we who were the first to hope in Christ might be (EX)to the praise of his glory. 13 In him you also, when you heard (EY)the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, (EZ)were sealed with the (FA)promised Holy Spirit, 14 who is (FB)the guarantee[q] of our (FC)inheritance until (FD)we acquire (FE)possession of it,[r] (FF)to the praise of his glory.

Thanksgiving and Prayer

15 For this reason, (FG)because I have heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love[s] toward all the saints, 16 I (FH)do not cease to give thanks for you, (FI)remembering you in my prayers, 17 that (FJ)the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, (FK)may give you the Spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, 18 (FL)having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is (FM)the hope to which he has called you, what are (FN)the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, 19 and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, (FO)according to the working of (FP)his great might 20 that he worked in Christ (FQ)when he raised him from the dead and (FR)seated him at his right hand (FS)in the heavenly places, 21 (FT)far above (FU)all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above (FV)every name that is named, not only in (FW)this age but also in the one to come. 22 And (FX)he put all things under his feet and gave him as (FY)head over all things to the church, 23 (FZ)which is his body, (GA)the fullness of him (GB)who fills (GC)all in all.

By Grace Through Faith

(GD)And you were (GE)dead in the trespasses and sins (GF)in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following (GG)the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in (GH)the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in (GI)the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body[t] and the mind, and (GJ)were by nature (GK)children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.[u] But[v] God, being (GL)rich in mercy, (GM)because of the great love with which he loved us, even (GN)when we were dead in our trespasses, (GO)made us alive together with Christ—(GP)by grace you have been saved— and raised us up with him and (GQ)seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable (GR)riches of his grace in (GS)kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For (GT)by grace you have been saved (GU)through faith. And this is (GV)not your own doing; (GW)it is the gift of God, (GX)not a result of works, (GY)so that no one may boast. 10 For (GZ)we are his workmanship, (HA)created in Christ Jesus (HB)for good works, (HC)which God prepared beforehand, (HD)that we should walk in them.

One in Christ

11 Therefore remember that at one time you Gentiles in the flesh, called “the uncircumcision” by what is called (HE)the circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands— 12 remember (HF)that you were at that time separated from Christ, (HG)alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to (HH)the covenants of promise, (HI)having no hope and without God in the world. 13 But now in Christ Jesus you who once were (HJ)far off have been brought near (HK)by the blood of Christ. 14 For (HL)he himself is our peace, (HM)who has made us both one and has broken down (HN)in his flesh the dividing wall of hostility 15 by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in (HO)ordinances, that he might create in himself one (HP)new man in place of the two, so making peace, 16 and might (HQ)reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility. 17 And he came and (HR)preached peace to you who were (HS)far off and peace to those who were (HT)near. 18 For (HU)through him we both have (HV)access in (HW)one Spirit to the Father. 19 So then you are no longer (HX)strangers and aliens,[w] but you are (HY)fellow citizens with the saints and (HZ)members of the household of God, 20 (IA)built on the foundation of the (IB)apostles and prophets, (IC)Christ Jesus himself being (ID)the cornerstone, 21 (IE)in whom the whole structure, being joined together, grows into (IF)a holy temple in the Lord. 22 In him (IG)you also are being built together (IH)into a dwelling place for God by[x] the Spirit.

The Mystery of the Gospel Revealed

For this reason I, Paul, (II)a prisoner of Christ Jesus (IJ)on behalf of you Gentiles— assuming that you have heard of (IK)the stewardship of (IL)God's grace that was given to me for you, (IM)how the mystery was made known to me (IN)by revelation, (IO)as I have written briefly. (IP)When you read this, you can perceive my insight into (IQ)the mystery of Christ, which was not made known to the sons of men in other generations as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit. This mystery is[y] that the Gentiles are (IR)fellow heirs, (IS)members of the same body, and (IT)partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel.

(IU)Of this gospel I was made (IV)a minister according to the gift of (IW)God's grace, which was given me (IX)by the working of his power. To me, (IY)though I am the very least of all the saints, this grace was given, (IZ)to preach to the Gentiles the (JA)unsearchable (JB)riches of Christ, and (JC)to bring to light for everyone what is the plan of the mystery (JD)hidden for ages in[z] God, (JE)who created all things, 10 so that through the church the manifold (JF)wisdom of God (JG)might now be made known to (JH)the rulers and authorities (JI)in the heavenly places. 11 This was (JJ)according to the eternal purpose that he has realized in Christ Jesus our Lord, 12 in whom we have (JK)boldness and (JL)access with (JM)confidence through our (JN)faith in him. 13 So I ask you not to lose heart over what I am suffering (JO)for you, (JP)which is your glory.

Prayer for Spiritual Strength

14 For this reason I bow my knees before the Father, 15 from whom (JQ)every family[aa] in heaven and on earth is named, 16 that according to (JR)the riches of his glory (JS)he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit (JT)in your inner being, 17 (JU)so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being (JV)rooted and (JW)grounded in love, 18 may have strength to (JX)comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and (JY)height and depth, 19 and to know the love of Christ (JZ)that surpasses knowledge, that (KA)you may be filled with all (KB)the fullness of God.

20 (KC)Now to (KD)him who is able to do far more abundantly than all that we ask or think, (KE)according to the power at work within us, 21 (KF)to him be glory in the church and in Christ Jesus throughout all generations, forever and ever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:1 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface; also verse 7
  2. Galatians 4:3 Or elemental spirits; also verse 9
  3. Galatians 4:12 Or Brothers and sisters; also verses 28, 31
  4. Galatians 4:16 Or by dealing truthfully with you
  5. Galatians 4:25 Some manuscripts For Sinai is a mountain in Arabia
  6. Galatians 4:28 Some manuscripts we
  7. Galatians 5:4 Or counted righteous
  8. Galatians 5:11 Or brothers and sisters; also verse 13
  9. Galatians 5:11 Greek proclaim
  10. Galatians 5:21 Some manuscripts add murder
  11. Galatians 5:21 Or make a practice of doing
  12. Galatians 6:1 Or Brothers and sisters; also verse 18
  13. Galatians 6:14 Or through whom
  14. Ephesians 1:1 Some manuscripts saints who are also faithful (omitting in Ephesus)
  15. Ephesians 1:5 Or before him in love, 5having predestined us
  16. Ephesians 1:9 Or he lavished upon us in all wisdom and insight, making known…
  17. Ephesians 1:14 Or down payment
  18. Ephesians 1:14 Or until God redeems his possession
  19. Ephesians 1:15 Some manuscripts omit your love
  20. Ephesians 2:3 Greek flesh
  21. Ephesians 2:3 Greek like the rest
  22. Ephesians 2:4 Or And
  23. Ephesians 2:19 Or sojourners
  24. Ephesians 2:22 Or in
  25. Ephesians 3:6 The words This mystery is are inferred from verse 4
  26. Ephesians 3:9 Or by
  27. Ephesians 3:15 Or from whom all fatherhood; the Greek word patria in verse 15 is closely related to the word for Father in verse 14

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