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Then Yahweh said to Moses, “(A)See, I [a]set you as God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron shall be your prophet. You shall speak all that I command you, and your brother (B)Aaron shall speak to Pharaoh that he let the sons of Israel go out of his land. But (C)I will harden Pharaoh’s heart with stiffness that I may (D)multiply My signs and My [b]wonders in the land of Egypt. But (E)Pharaoh will not listen to you. And I will [c]set My hand upon Egypt and (F)bring out My hosts, My people the sons of Israel, from the land of Egypt by (G)great judgments. (H)Then the Egyptians shall know that I am Yahweh, when I (I)stretch out My hand against Egypt and bring out the sons of Israel from their midst.” So Moses and Aaron did it; (J)as Yahweh commanded them, thus they did. Now Moses was (K)eighty years old and Aaron eighty-three years old, when they spoke to Pharaoh.

Aaron’s Staff Becomes a Serpent

And Yahweh spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, “When Pharaoh speaks to you, saying, ‘[d](L)Work a miraculous wonder,’ then you shall say to Aaron, ‘(M)Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh, that it may become a [e]serpent.’” 10 So Moses and Aaron came to Pharaoh, and thus they did just as Yahweh had commanded; and Aaron threw his staff down before Pharaoh and [f]his [g]servants, and it (N)became a [h]serpent. 11 Then Pharaoh also (O)called for the wise men and the sorcerers, and they also, the [i](P)magicians of Egypt, did [j]the same with (Q)their secret arts. 12 And each one threw down his staff, and they became [k]serpents. But Aaron’s staff swallowed up their staffs. 13 Yet (R)Pharaoh’s heart was [l]hardened with strength, and he did not listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken.

The Plague of Water Turning to Blood

14 Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is [m]hard with firmness; he refuses to let the people go. 15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning [n]as (S)he is going out to the water, and station yourself to meet him on the bank of the Nile; and you shall take in your hand (T)the staff that was turned into a serpent. 16 (U)And you shall say to him, ‘Yahweh, the God of the Hebrews, sent me to you, saying, “(V)Let My people go, that they may serve Me in the wilderness. But behold, you have not listened until now.” 17 Thus says Yahweh, “(W)By this you shall know that I am Yahweh: behold, I am about to strike [o]the water that is in the Nile with the staff that is in my hand, and (X)it will be turned to blood. 18 (Y)And the fish that are in the Nile will die, and the Nile will [p]become foul, and the Egyptians will (Z)be weary of drinking water from the Nile.”’” 19 Then Yahweh said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and (AA)stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their [q]streams, and over their pools and over all their reservoirs of water, that they may become blood; and there will be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and in vessels of stone.’”

20 So Moses and Aaron did thus, as Yahweh had commanded. And he raised up [r](AB)the staff and struck the water that was in the Nile, in the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants, and (AC)all the water that was in the Nile was turned to blood. 21 And the fish that were in the Nile died, and the Nile [s]became foul, so that the Egyptians could not drink water from the Nile. And the blood was through all the land of Egypt. 22 (AD)Yet the [t]magicians of Egypt did [u]the same with their secret arts; and Pharaoh’s heart was [v]hardened with strength, and he did not listen to them, as Yahweh had spoken. 23 Then Pharaoh turned and went into his house, and he did not set his heart even on this. 24 So all the Egyptians dug around the Nile for water to drink, for they could not drink of the water of the Nile. 25 And seven full days [w]passed after Yahweh had struck the Nile.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 7:1 Lit give
  2. Exodus 7:3 Or miraculous wonders, cf. 7:9
  3. Exodus 7:4 Lit give
  4. Exodus 7:9 Lit Show a wonder for yourselves
  5. Exodus 7:9 Or dragon, sea monster, supernatural foe
  6. Exodus 7:10 Lit before his
  7. Exodus 7:10 Or slaves; see Foreword, “The Terminology of Slave”
  8. Exodus 7:10 Or dragon, sea monster, supernatural foe
  9. Exodus 7:11 Or soothsayer priests
  10. Exodus 7:11 Lit thus
  11. Exodus 7:12 Or dragon, sea monster, supernatural foe
  12. Exodus 7:13 Lit strengthened
  13. Exodus 7:14 Or glorified, cf. 14:4; lit heavy
  14. Exodus 7:15 Lit behold
  15. Exodus 7:17 Lit upon the waters
  16. Exodus 7:18 Or have a bad smell
  17. Exodus 7:19 Or canals
  18. Exodus 7:20 Lit with the staff
  19. Exodus 7:21 Had a bad smell
  20. Exodus 7:22 Or soothsayer priests
  21. Exodus 7:22 Lit thus
  22. Exodus 7:22 Lit strengthened
  23. Exodus 7:25 Lit were fulfilled

God Appoints Aaron to Assist Moses

The Lord told Moses, “Listen! I’ve positioned you as God[a] to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet. You are to speak everything that I’ve commanded you, and then your brother Aaron will speak to Pharaoh, telling him to let the Israelis go out of his land. I’ll harden Pharaoh’s heart and I’ll add more and more of my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt. When Pharaoh won’t listen to you, I’ll let loose my power[b] upon Egypt. I’ll bring out my tribal divisions—my people the Israelis—from the land of Egypt with great acts of judgment.[c] The Egyptians will know that I am the Lord when I stretch out my hand over Egypt to bring the Israelis out from among them.” Moses and Aaron did what the Lord commanded them. Moses was 80 years old and Aaron was 83 when they spoke to Pharaoh.

Moses’ Staff Becomes a Snake

Then the Lord told Moses and Aaron, “When Pharaoh says to you, ‘Perform a miraculous sign,’ then you are to say to Aaron, ‘Take your staff and throw it in front of Pharaoh.’ It will become a serpent.”

10 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh and did what the Lord had commanded them. Aaron threw his staff in front of Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a serpent. 11 Then Pharaoh also called for the wise men and sorcerers, and they—along with the Egyptian magicians—did the same thing with their secret arts. 12 So each one threw down his staff and it became a serpent, but Aaron’s staff swallowed up their staffs. 13 Yet Pharaoh’s heart was stubborn[d] and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had said would happen.

Water is Turned into Blood

14 Then the Lord told Moses, “Pharaoh’s heart is hard. He has refused to let the people go. 15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning as he’s going down to the water. Stand on the bank of the Nile River[e] and meet him. Be sure to take with you[f] the staff that was turned into a snake. 16 Then say to him, ‘The Lord God of the Hebrews, has sent me to you. He says, “Let my people go so they may serve[g] me in the desert, but until now you haven’t obeyed.”’[h]

17 “‘This is what the Lord says: “This is how you’ll know that I am the Lord: Right now I’m going to strike the water of the Nile River[i] with the staff that’s in my hand, and it will be turned to blood. 18 The fish in the Nile River[j] will die and the river[k] will stink. The Egyptians will be unable[l] to drink water from the Nile River.[m]”’”

19 The Lord also told Moses, “Tell Aaron, ‘Take your staff and stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their rivers, over their Nile River[n], over their ponds, and over their reservoirs,[o] and they’ll become blood. There will be blood throughout the land of Egypt, even in their[p] wood and stone containers.’”[q]

20 Moses and Aaron did just what the Lord had commanded. Aaron[r] raised his staff and struck the water in the Nile River[s] in front of[t] Pharaoh and his[u] officials,[v] and all the water in the Nile River[w] turned to blood. 21 The fish in the Nile River[x] died and the river[y] stank. The Egyptians were not able to drink water from the Nile River,[z] and blood was throughout the land of Egypt. 22 But the Egyptian magicians did the same thing[aa] with their secret arts. Pharaoh’s heart was stubborn,[ab] and he did not listen to them, just as the Lord had said. 23 Then Pharaoh turned away, went to his palace, and paid no attention to any of this. 24 All the Egyptians dug around the Nile River[ac] for water to drink because they could not drink from the water in the Nile River.[ad]

The Plague of Frogs

25 Seven days after[ae] the Lord had struck the Nile River,[af]

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 7:1 Or as a god
  2. Exodus 7:4 Or I’ll put my hand
  3. Exodus 7:4 Lit. great judgments
  4. Exodus 7:13 Lit. strong
  5. Exodus 7:15 The Heb. lacks River
  6. Exodus 7:15 Lit. in your hand
  7. Exodus 7:16 Or worship
  8. Exodus 7:16 Or listened
  9. Exodus 7:17 The Heb. lacks River
  10. Exodus 7:18 The Heb. lacks River
  11. Exodus 7:18 Or the Nile
  12. Exodus 7:18 Or weary themselves
  13. Exodus 7:18 The Heb. lacks River
  14. Exodus 7:19 The Heb. lacks River
  15. Exodus 7:19 Lit. every collection of their waters
  16. Exodus 7:19 The Heb. lacks their
  17. Exodus 7:19 The Heb. lacks containers
  18. Exodus 7:20 Lit. He
  19. Exodus 7:20 The Heb. lacks River
  20. Exodus 7:20 Lit. before the eyes of
  21. Exodus 7:20 Lit. before the eyes of his
  22. Exodus 7:20 Or servants
  23. Exodus 7:20 The Heb. lacks River
  24. Exodus 7:21 The Heb. lacks River
  25. Exodus 7:21 Or the Nile
  26. Exodus 7:21 The Heb. lacks River
  27. Exodus 7:22 Lit. did thus
  28. Exodus 7:22 Lit. strong
  29. Exodus 7:24 The Heb. lacks River
  30. Exodus 7:24 The Heb. lacks River
  31. Exodus 7:25 Lit. days were filled after
  32. Exodus 7:25 The Heb. lacks River