10 When Pharaoh drew near, the people of Israel lifted up their eyes, and behold, the Egyptians were marching after them, and they feared greatly. And the people of Israel (A)cried out to the Lord. 11 They (B)said to Moses, “Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the wilderness? What have you done to us in bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Is not this what (C)we said to you in Egypt: ‘Leave us alone that we may serve the Egyptians’? For it would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the wilderness.”

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10 As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up, and there were the Egyptians, marching after them. They were terrified and cried(A) out to the Lord. 11 They said to Moses, “Was it because there were no graves in Egypt that you brought us to the desert to die?(B) What have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Didn’t we say to you in Egypt, ‘Leave us alone; let us serve the Egyptians’? It would have been better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the desert!”(C)

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22 But on that day (A)I will set apart the land of Goshen, where my people dwell, so that no swarms of flies shall be there, (B)that you may know that I am the Lord in the midst of the earth.[a] 23 Thus I will put a division[b] between my people and your people. Tomorrow this sign shall happen.”’”

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 8:22 Or that I the Lord am in the land
  2. Exodus 8:23 Septuagint, Vulgate; Hebrew set redemption

22 “‘But on that day I will deal differently with the land of Goshen,(A) where my people live;(B) no swarms of flies will be there, so that you will know(C) that I, the Lord, am in this land. 23 I will make a distinction[a] between my people and your people.(D) This sign will occur tomorrow.’”

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 8:23 Septuagint and Vulgate; Hebrew will put a deliverance

(A)But the Lord will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt, so that nothing of all that belongs to the people of Israel shall die.”’” And the Lord set a time, saying, “Tomorrow the Lord will do this thing in the land.” And the next day the Lord did this thing. (B)All the livestock of the Egyptians died, but not one of the livestock of the people of Israel died. And Pharaoh sent, and behold, not one of the livestock of Israel was dead. But (C)the heart of Pharaoh was hardened, and he did not let the people go.

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But the Lord will make a distinction between the livestock of Israel and that of Egypt,(A) so that no animal belonging to the Israelites will die.’”

The Lord set a time and said, “Tomorrow the Lord will do this in the land.” And the next day the Lord did it: All the livestock(B) of the Egyptians died,(C) but not one animal belonging to the Israelites died. Pharaoh investigated and found that not even one of the animals of the Israelites had died. Yet his heart(D) was unyielding and he would not let the people go.(E)

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25 The hail struck down everything that was in the field in all the land of Egypt, both man and beast. And the hail (A)struck down every plant of the field and broke every tree of the field. 26 (B)Only in the land of Goshen, where the people of Israel were, was there no hail.

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25 Throughout Egypt hail struck everything in the fields—both people and animals; it beat down everything growing in the fields and stripped every tree.(A) 26 The only place it did not hail was the land of Goshen,(B) where the Israelites were.(C)

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The Ninth Plague: Darkness

21 Then the Lord said to Moses, (A)“Stretch out your hand toward heaven, that there may be (B)darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness to be felt.” 22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was pitch darkness in all the land of Egypt three days. 23 They did not see one another, nor did anyone rise from his place for three days, but (C)all the people of Israel had light where they lived.

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The Plague of Darkness

21 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky so that darkness(A) spreads over Egypt—darkness that can be felt.” 22 So Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and total darkness(B) covered all Egypt for three days. 23 No one could see anyone else or move about for three days. Yet all the Israelites had light in the places where they lived.(C)

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A Final Plague Threatened

11 The Lord said to Moses, “Yet (A)one plague more I will bring upon Pharaoh and upon Egypt. Afterward he will let you go from here. (B)When he lets you go, he will drive you away completely. Speak now in the hearing of the people, that (C)they ask, every man of his neighbor and every woman of her neighbor, for silver and gold jewelry.” (D)And the Lord gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians. Moreover, the man Moses was very great in the land of Egypt, in the sight of Pharaoh's servants and in the sight of the people.

So Moses said, “Thus says the Lord: (E)‘About midnight I will go out in the midst of Egypt, and every firstborn in the land of Egypt shall die, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sits on his throne, even to the firstborn of the slave girl who is (F)behind the handmill, and all the firstborn of the cattle. (G)There shall be a great cry throughout all the land of Egypt, such as there has never been, nor ever will be again. But not a dog shall growl (H)against any of the people of Israel, either man or beast, that you may know that the Lord (I)makes a distinction between Egypt and Israel.’ And (J)all these your servants shall come down to me and bow down to me, saying, ‘Get out, you and all the people who follow you.’ And after that I will go out.” And he went out from Pharaoh in hot anger. Then the Lord said to Moses, (K)“Pharaoh will not listen to you, that (L)my wonders may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

10 Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, and the Lord (M)hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go out of his land.

The Plague on the Firstborn

11 Now the Lord had said to Moses, “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go(A) from here, and when he does, he will drive you out completely.(B) Tell the people that men and women alike are to ask their neighbors for articles of silver and gold.”(C) (The Lord made the Egyptians favorably disposed(D) toward the people, and Moses himself was highly regarded(E) in Egypt by Pharaoh’s officials and by the people.)

So Moses said, “This is what the Lord says: ‘About midnight(F) I will go throughout Egypt.(G) Every firstborn(H) son in Egypt will die, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh, who sits on the throne, to the firstborn son of the female slave, who is at her hand mill,(I) and all the firstborn of the cattle as well. There will be loud wailing(J) throughout Egypt—worse than there has ever been or ever will be again. But among the Israelites not a dog will bark at any person or animal.’ Then you will know that the Lord makes a distinction(K) between Egypt and Israel. All these officials of yours will come to me, bowing down before me and saying, ‘Go,(L) you and all the people who follow you!’ After that I will leave.”(M) Then Moses, hot with anger, left Pharaoh.

The Lord had said to Moses, “Pharaoh will refuse to listen(N) to you—so that my wonders(O) may be multiplied in Egypt.” 10 Moses and Aaron performed all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart,(P) and he would not let the Israelites go out of his country.

27 (A)So Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and the sea (B)returned to its normal course when the morning appeared. And as the Egyptians fled into it, the Lord (C)threw[a] the Egyptians into the midst of the sea. 28 The (D)waters returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen; of all the host of Pharaoh that had followed them into the sea, (E)not one of them remained. 29 But the (F)people of Israel walked on dry ground through the sea, the waters being a wall to them on their right hand and on their left.

30 Thus the Lord (G)saved Israel that day from the hand of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 14:27 Hebrew shook off

27 Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea went back to its place.(A) The Egyptians were fleeing toward[a] it, and the Lord swept them into the sea.(B) 28 The water flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed the Israelites into the sea.(C) Not one of them survived.(D)

29 But the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground,(E) with a wall(F) of water on their right and on their left. 30 That day the Lord saved(G) Israel from the hands of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians lying dead on the shore.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 14:27 Or from

Bread from Heaven

16 They (A)set out from Elim, and all the congregation of the people of Israel came to the wilderness of Sin, which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had departed from the land of Egypt. And the whole congregation of the people of Israel (B)grumbled against Moses and Aaron in the wilderness, and the people of Israel said to them, (C)“Would that we had died by the hand of the Lord in the land of Egypt, (D)when we sat by the meat pots and ate bread to the full, for you have brought us out into this wilderness to kill this whole assembly with hunger.”

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Manna and Quail

16 The whole Israelite community set out from Elim and came to the Desert of Sin,(A) which is between Elim and Sinai, on the fifteenth day of the second month after they had come out of Egypt.(B) In the desert the whole community grumbled(C) against Moses and Aaron. The Israelites said to them, “If only we had died by the Lord’s hand in Egypt!(D) There we sat around pots of meat and ate all the food(E) we wanted, but you have brought us out into this desert to starve this entire assembly to death.”(F)

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35 The people of Israel had also done as Moses told them, for they had (A)asked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing. 36 (B)And the Lord had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that (C)they let them have what they asked. Thus they plundered the Egyptians.

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35 The Israelites did as Moses instructed and asked the Egyptians for articles of silver and gold(A) and for clothing.(B) 36 The Lord had made the Egyptians favorably disposed(C) toward the people, and they gave them what they asked for; so they plundered(D) the Egyptians.

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11 And the Lord said to Moses, 12 “I (A)have heard the grumbling of the people of Israel. Say to them, ‘At (B)twilight you shall eat meat, and (C)in the morning you shall be filled with bread. Then you shall know that I am the Lord your God.’”

13 In the evening (D)quail came up and covered the camp, and in the morning (E)dew lay around the camp. 14 And when the dew had gone up, there was on the face of the wilderness a fine, flake-like thing, fine as frost on the ground. 15 When the people of Israel saw it, they said to one another, (F)“What is it?”[a] For they (G)did not know what it was. And Moses said to them, (H)“It is the bread that the Lord has given you to eat.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 16:15 Or “It is manna”; Hebrew man hu

11 The Lord said to Moses, 12 “I have heard the grumbling(A) of the Israelites. Tell them, ‘At twilight you will eat meat, and in the morning you will be filled with bread. Then you will know that I am the Lord your God.’”(B)

13 That evening quail(C) came and covered the camp, and in the morning there was a layer of dew(D) around the camp. 14 When the dew was gone, thin flakes like frost(E) on the ground appeared on the desert floor. 15 When the Israelites saw it, they said to each other, “What is it?” For they did not know(F) what it was.

Moses said to them, “It is the bread(G) the Lord has given you to eat.

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Water from the Rock

17 (A)All the congregation of the people of Israel moved on from the wilderness of Sin by stages, according to the commandment of the Lord, and camped at Rephidim, but there was no water for the people to drink. (B)Therefore the people quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water to drink.” And Moses said to them, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you (C)test the Lord?” But the people thirsted there for water, and (D)the people grumbled against Moses and said, “Why did you bring us up out of Egypt, to kill us and our children and our livestock with thirst?” So Moses cried to the Lord, “What shall I do with this people? They are almost ready (E)to stone me.” And the Lord said to Moses, “Pass on before the people, taking with you some of the elders of Israel, and take in your hand the staff with (F)which you struck the Nile, and go. (G)Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb, and you shall strike the rock, and water shall come out of it, and the people will drink.” And Moses did so, in the sight of the elders of Israel. And he called the name of the place (H)Massah[a] and (I)Meribah,[b] because of the quarreling of the people of Israel, and because they tested the Lord by saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 17:7 Massah means testing
  2. Exodus 17:7 Meribah means quarreling

Water From the Rock

17 The whole Israelite community set out from the Desert of Sin,(A) traveling from place to place as the Lord commanded. They camped at Rephidim,(B) but there was no water(C) for the people to drink. So they quarreled with Moses and said, “Give us water(D) to drink.”(E)

Moses replied, “Why do you quarrel with me? Why do you put the Lord to the test?”(F)

But the people were thirsty(G) for water there, and they grumbled(H) against Moses. They said, “Why did you bring us up out of Egypt to make us and our children and livestock die(I) of thirst?”

Then Moses cried out to the Lord, “What am I to do with these people? They are almost ready to stone(J) me.”

The Lord answered Moses, “Go out in front of the people. Take with you some of the elders of Israel and take in your hand the staff(K) with which you struck the Nile,(L) and go. I will stand there before you by the rock at Horeb.(M) Strike(N) the rock, and water(O) will come out of it for the people to drink.” So Moses did this in the sight of the elders of Israel. And he called the place Massah[a](P) and Meribah[b](Q) because the Israelites quarreled and because they tested the Lord saying, “Is the Lord among us or not?”

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 17:7 Massah means testing.
  2. Exodus 17:7 Meribah means quarreling.

and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, and (A)all ate the same (B)spiritual food, and (C)all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for (D)they were overthrown[a] in the wilderness.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 10:5 Or were laid low

They were all baptized into(A) Moses in the cloud and in the sea. They all ate the same spiritual food(B) and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock(C) that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ. Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them; their bodies were scattered in the wilderness.(D)

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