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Dyma yn awr enwau meibion Israel, y rhai a ddaethant i’r Aifft: gyda Jacob y daethant, bob un a’i deulu. Reuben, Simeon, Lefi, a Jwda, Issachar, Sabulon, a Benjamin, Dan, a Nafftali, Gad, ac Aser. A’r holl eneidiau a ddaethant allan o gorff Jacob oedd ddeng enaid a thrigain: a Joseff oedd yn yr Aifft. A Joseff a fu farw, a’i holl frodyr, a’r holl genhedlaeth honno.

A phlant Israel a hiliasant ac a gynyddasant, amlhasant hefyd, a chryfhasant yn ddirfawr odiaeth; a’r wlad a lanwyd ohonynt. Yna y cyfododd brenin newydd yn yr Aifft, yr hwn nid adnabuasai mo Joseff. Ac efe a ddywedodd wrth ei bobl, Wele bobl plant Israel yn amlach, ac yn gryfach, na nyni. 10 Deuwch, gwnawn yn gall â hwynt; rhag amlhau ohonynt, a bod, pan ddigwyddo rhyfel, ymgysylltu ohonynt â’n caseion, a rhyfela i’n herbyn, a myned i fyny o’r wlad. 11 Am hynny y gosodasant arnynt feistriaid gwaith, i’w gorthrymu â’u beichiau; a hwy a adeiladasant i Pharo ddinasoedd trysorau, sef Pithom a Raamses. 12 Ond fel y gorthryment hwynt, felly yr amlhaent, ac y cynyddent: a drwg oedd ganddynt oherwydd plant Israel. 13 A’r Eifftiaid a wnaeth i blant Israel wasanaethu yn galed. 14 A gwnaethant eu heinioes hwynt yn chwerw trwy’r gwasanaeth caled, mewn clai, ac mewn priddfaen, ac ym mhob gwasanaeth yn y maes; a’u holl wasanaeth y gwnaent iddynt wasanaethu ynddo oedd galed. 15 A brenin yr Aifft a lefarodd wrth fydwragedd yr Hebreësau; a ba rai enw un oedd Sipra, ac enw yr ail Pua: 16 Ac efe a ddywedodd, Pan fyddoch fydwragedd i’r Hebreësau, a gweled ohonoch hwynt yn esgor; os mab fydd, lleddwch ef; ond os merch, bydded fyw. 17 Er hynny y bydwragedd a ofnasant Dduw, ac ni wnaethant yn ôl yr hyn a ddywedasai brenin yr Aifft wrthynt; eithr cadwasant y bechgyn yn fyw. 18 Am hynny brenin yr Aifft a alwodd am y bydwragedd, ac a ddywedodd wrthynt, Paham y gwnaethoch y peth hyn, ac y cadwasoch y bechgyn yn fyw? 19 A’r bydwragedd a ddywedasant wrth Pharo, Am nad yw yr Hebreësau fel yr Eifftesau; oblegid y maent hwy yn fywiog ac yn esgor cyn dyfod bydwraig atynt. 20 Am hynny y bu Duw dda wrth y bydwragedd: a’r bobl a amlhaodd, ac a aeth yn gryf iawn. 21 Ac oherwydd i’r bydwragedd ofni Duw, yntau a wnaeth dai iddynt hwythau. 22 A Pharo a orchmynnodd i’w holl bobl, gan ddywedyd, Pob mab a’r a enir, bwriwch ef i’r afon; ond cedwch yn fyw bob merch.

The Israelites Oppressed

These are the names of the sons of Israel(A) who went to Egypt with Jacob, each with his family: Reuben, Simeon, Levi and Judah; Issachar, Zebulun and Benjamin; Dan and Naphtali; Gad and Asher.(B) The descendants of Jacob numbered seventy[a] in all;(C) Joseph was already in Egypt.

Now Joseph and all his brothers and all that generation died,(D) but the Israelites were exceedingly fruitful; they multiplied greatly, increased in numbers(E) and became so numerous that the land was filled with them.

Then a new king, to whom Joseph meant nothing, came to power in Egypt.(F) “Look,” he said to his people, “the Israelites have become far too numerous(G) for us.(H) 10 Come, we must deal shrewdly(I) with them or they will become even more numerous and, if war breaks out, will join our enemies, fight against us and leave the country.”(J)

11 So they put slave masters(K) over them to oppress them with forced labor,(L) and they built Pithom and Rameses(M) as store cities(N) for Pharaoh. 12 But the more they were oppressed, the more they multiplied and spread; so the Egyptians came to dread the Israelites 13 and worked them ruthlessly.(O) 14 They made their lives bitter with harsh labor(P) in brick(Q) and mortar and with all kinds of work in the fields; in all their harsh labor the Egyptians worked them ruthlessly.(R)

15 The king of Egypt said to the Hebrew midwives,(S) whose names were Shiphrah and Puah, 16 “When you are helping the Hebrew women during childbirth on the delivery stool, if you see that the baby is a boy, kill him; but if it is a girl, let her live.”(T) 17 The midwives, however, feared(U) God and did not do what the king of Egypt had told them to do;(V) they let the boys live. 18 Then the king of Egypt summoned the midwives and asked them, “Why have you done this? Why have you let the boys live?”

19 The midwives answered Pharaoh, “Hebrew women are not like Egyptian women; they are vigorous and give birth before the midwives arrive.”(W)

20 So God was kind to the midwives(X) and the people increased and became even more numerous. 21 And because the midwives feared(Y) God, he gave them families(Z) of their own.

22 Then Pharaoh gave this order to all his people: “Every Hebrew boy that is born you must throw into the Nile,(AA) but let every girl live.”(AB)

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 1:5 Masoretic Text (see also Gen. 46:27); Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint (see also Acts 7:14 and note at Gen. 46:27) seventy-five

Yna gŵr o dŷ Lefi a aeth, ac a briododd ferch i Lefi. A’r wraig a feichiogodd, ac a esgorodd ar fab: a phan welodd hi mai tlws ydoedd efe, hi a’i cuddiodd ef dri mis. A phan na allai hi ei guddio ef yn hwy, hi a gymerodd gawell iddo ef o lafrwyn, ac a ddwbiodd hwnnw â chlai ac â phyg; ac a osododd y bachgen ynddo, ac a’i rhoddodd ymysg yr hesg ar fin yr afon. A’i chwaer ef a safodd o bell, i gael gwybod beth a wneid iddo ef.

A merch Pharo a ddaeth i waered i’r afon i ymolchi; (a’i llancesau oedd yn rhodio gerllaw yr afon;) a hi a ganfu’r cawell yng nghanol yr hesg, ac a anfonodd ei llawforwyn i’w gyrchu ef. Ac wedi iddi ei agoryd, hi a ganfu’r bachgen; ac wele y plentyn yn wylo: a hi a dosturiodd wrtho, ac a ddywedodd, Un o blant yr Hebreaid yw hwn. Yna ei chwaer ef a ddywedodd wrth ferch Pharo, A af fi i alw atat famaeth o’r Hebreësau, fel y mago hi y bachgen i ti? A merch Pharo a ddywedodd wrthi, Dos. A’r llances a aeth ac a alwodd fam y bachgen. A dywedodd merch Pharo wrthi, Dwg ymaith y bachgen hwn, a maga ef i mi, a minnau a roddaf i ti dy gyflog. A’r wraig a gymerodd y bachgen, ac a’i magodd. 10 Pan aeth y bachgen yn fawr, hi a’i dug ef i ferch Pharo; ac efe a fu iddi yn fab: a hi a alwodd ei enw ef Moses; Oherwydd (eb hi) o’r dwfr y tynnais ef.

11 A bu yn y dyddiau hynny, pan aeth Moses yn fawr, fyned ohono allan at ei frodyr, ac edrych ar eu beichiau hwynt, a gweled Eifftwr yn taro Hebrëwr, un o’i frodyr.

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The Birth of Moses

Now a man of the tribe of Levi(A) married a Levite woman,(B) and she became pregnant and gave birth to a son. When she saw that he was a fine(C) child, she hid him for three months.(D) But when she could hide him no longer, she got a papyrus(E) basket[a] for him and coated it with tar and pitch.(F) Then she placed the child in it and put it among the reeds(G) along the bank of the Nile. His sister(H) stood at a distance to see what would happen to him.

Then Pharaoh’s daughter went down to the Nile to bathe, and her attendants were walking along the riverbank.(I) She saw the basket among the reeds and sent her female slave to get it. She opened it and saw the baby. He was crying, and she felt sorry for him. “This is one of the Hebrew babies,” she said.

Then his sister asked Pharaoh’s daughter, “Shall I go and get one of the Hebrew women to nurse the baby for you?”

“Yes, go,” she answered. So the girl went and got the baby’s mother. Pharaoh’s daughter said to her, “Take this baby and nurse him for me, and I will pay you.” So the woman took the baby and nursed him. 10 When the child grew older, she took him to Pharaoh’s daughter and he became her son. She named(J) him Moses,[b] saying, “I drew(K) him out of the water.”

Moses Flees to Midian

11 One day, after Moses had grown up, he went out to where his own people(L) were and watched them at their hard labor.(M) He saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his own people.

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Footnotes

  1. Exodus 2:3 The Hebrew can also mean ark, as in Gen. 6:14.
  2. Exodus 2:10 Moses sounds like the Hebrew for draw out.

20 Ac Amram a gymerodd Jochebed, ei fodryb chwaer ei dad, yn wraig iddo; a hi a ymddûg iddo Aaron a Moses: a blynyddoedd oes Amram oedd onid tair deugain a chan mlynedd.

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20 Amram(A) married his father’s sister Jochebed, who bore him Aaron and Moses.(B) Amram lived 137 years.

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59 Ac enw gwraig Amram oedd Jochebed, merch Lefi, yr hon a aned i Lefi yn yr Aifft: a hi a ddug i Amram, Aaron a Moses, a Miriam eu chwaer hwynt.

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59 the name of Amram’s wife was Jochebed,(A) a descendant of Levi, who was born to the Levites[a] in Egypt. To Amram she bore Aaron, Moses(B) and their sister(C) Miriam.(D)

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Footnotes

  1. Numbers 26:59 Or Jochebed, a daughter of Levi, who was born to Levi