He took away the foreign altars (A)and the high places and broke down (B)the pillars and cut down the (C)Asherim and commanded Judah to seek the Lord, the God of their fathers, and to keep the law and the commandment. He also took out of all the cities of Judah (D)the high places and the (E)incense altars. And the kingdom had rest under him. He built (F)fortified cities in Judah, for the land had rest. He had no war in those years, (G)for the Lord gave him peace. And he said to Judah, “Let us build these cities and surround them with (H)walls and towers, gates and bars. The land is still ours, because we have sought the Lord our God. We have sought him, (I)and he has given us peace on every side.” So they built and prospered. And Asa had an army of (J)300,000 from Judah, armed with large shields and spears, and 280,000 men from Benjamin that carried shields and drew bows. All these were mighty men of valor.

Zerah (K)the Ethiopian came out against them with an army of a million men and 300 chariots, and came as far as (L)Mareshah. 10 And Asa went out to meet him, and (M)they drew up their lines of battle in the Valley of Zephathah at (N)Mareshah. 11 And Asa (O)cried to the Lord his God, “O Lord, there is none like you to help, between the mighty and the weak. Help us, O Lord our God, (P)for we rely on you, (Q)and in your name we have come against this multitude. O Lord, you are our God; let not man prevail against you.” 12 (R)So the Lord defeated the Ethiopians before Asa and before Judah, and the Ethiopians fled. 13 Asa and the people who were with him pursued them as far as (S)Gerar, and the Ethiopians fell until none remained alive, for they were broken before the Lord and his army. The men of Judah[a] carried away very much spoil. 14 And they attacked all the cities around (T)Gerar, (U)for the fear of the Lord was upon them. They plundered all the cities, for there was much plunder in them. 15 And they struck down the tents of those who had livestock and carried away sheep in abundance and camels. Then they returned to Jerusalem.

Asa's Religious Reforms

15 (V)The Spirit of God came[b] upon Azariah the son of Oded, and he went out to meet Asa and said to him, “Hear me, Asa, and all Judah and Benjamin: (W)The Lord is with you while you are with him. (X)If you seek him, he will be found by you, (Y)but if you forsake him, he will forsake you. (Z)For a long time Israel was without the true God, and without a teaching priest and without law, (AA)but when in their distress they turned to the Lord, the God of Israel, and sought him, he was found by them. In those times there was no peace (AB)to him who went out or to him who came in, for great disturbances afflicted all the inhabitants of the lands. They were broken in pieces. Nation was crushed by nation and city by city, for God troubled them with every sort of distress. (AC)But you, take courage! Do not let your hands be weak, (AD)for your work shall be rewarded.”

As soon as Asa heard these words, (AE)the prophecy of Azariah the son of Oded, he took courage and put away the detestable idols from all the land of Judah and Benjamin and from (AF)the cities that he had taken in (AG)the hill country of Ephraim, and he repaired the altar of the Lord (AH)that was in front of the vestibule of the house of the Lord.[c] And he gathered all Judah and Benjamin, (AI)and those from Ephraim, Manasseh, and Simeon who were residing with them, for great numbers had deserted to him from Israel when they saw that the Lord his God was with him. 10 They were gathered at Jerusalem in the third month of the fifteenth year of the reign of Asa. 11 They sacrificed to the Lord on that day (AJ)from the spoil that they had brought 700 oxen and 7,000 sheep. 12 (AK)And they entered into a covenant to seek the Lord, the God of their fathers, with all their heart and with all their soul, 13 but that whoever would not seek the Lord, the God of Israel, (AL)should be put to death, whether young or old, man or woman. 14 They swore an oath to the Lord with a loud voice and with shouting and with trumpets and with horns. 15 And all Judah rejoiced over the oath, for they had sworn with all their heart and had sought him with their whole desire, and he was found by them, (AM)and the Lord gave them rest all around.

16 (AN)Even Maacah, (AO)his mother, King Asa removed from being queen mother because she had made a detestable image (AP)for Asherah. Asa cut down her image, (AQ)crushed it, and burned it at the brook Kidron. 17 (AR)But the high places were not taken out of Israel. Nevertheless, the heart of Asa was wholly true all his days. 18 And he brought into the house of God the sacred gifts of his father and his own sacred gifts, silver, and gold, and vessels. 19 And there was no more war until the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Asa.

Asa's Last Years

16 (AS)In the (AT)thirty-sixth year of the reign of Asa, Baasha king of Israel went up against Judah and built Ramah, (AU)that he might permit no one to go out or come in to Asa king of Judah. Then Asa took silver and gold from the treasures of the house of the Lord and the king's house and sent them to Ben-hadad king of Syria, who lived in Damascus, saying, “There is a covenant[d] between me and you, as there was between my father and your father. Behold, I am sending to you silver and gold. Go, break your covenant with Baasha king of Israel, that he may withdraw from me.” And Ben-hadad listened to King Asa and sent the commanders of his armies against the cities of Israel, and they conquered Ijon, Dan, Abel-maim, and all the (AV)store cities of Naphtali. And when Baasha heard of it, he stopped building Ramah and let his work cease. Then King Asa took all Judah, and they carried away the stones of Ramah and its timber, with which Baasha had been building, and with them he built Geba and Mizpah.

At that time (AW)Hanani (AX)the seer came to Asa king of Judah and said to him, (AY)“Because you relied on the king of Syria, and did not rely on the Lord your God, the army of the king of Syria has escaped you. Were not (AZ)the Ethiopians and (BA)the Libyans a huge army with very many chariots and horsemen? Yet (BB)because you relied on the Lord, he gave them into your hand. (BC)For the eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to give strong support to those (BD)whose heart is blameless[e] toward him. (BE)You have done foolishly in this, for from now on (BF)you will have wars.” 10 Then Asa was angry with the seer and put him (BG)in the stocks in prison, for he was in a rage with him because of this. And Asa inflicted cruelties upon some of the people at the same time.

11 (BH)The acts of Asa, from first to last, are written in the Book of the Kings of Judah and Israel. 12 In the thirty-ninth year of his reign Asa was diseased in his feet, and his disease became severe. Yet even in his disease he did not seek the Lord, but sought help from physicians. 13 And Asa slept with his fathers, dying in the forty-first year of his reign. 14 They buried him in the tomb that he had cut for himself in the city of David. They laid him on a bier (BI)that had been filled with various kinds of spices prepared by the perfumer's art, (BJ)and they made a very great fire in his honor.

Jehoshaphat Reigns in Judah

17 Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his place and strengthened himself against Israel. He placed forces in all the (BK)fortified cities of Judah and set garrisons in the land of Judah, and in the cities of Ephraim (BL)that Asa his father had captured. The Lord was with Jehoshaphat, because he walked in the earlier ways of his father David. He did not seek the Baals, but sought the God of his father and walked in his commandments, (BM)and not according to the practices of Israel. Therefore the Lord established the kingdom in his hand. And all Judah (BN)brought tribute to Jehoshaphat, (BO)and he had great riches and honor. His heart was courageous in the ways of the Lord. And furthermore, (BP)he took the high places and the Asherim out of Judah.

In the third year of his reign he sent his officials, Ben-hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel, and Micaiah, (BQ)to teach in the cities of Judah; (BR)and with them the Levites, Shemaiah, Nethaniah, Zebadiah, Asahel, Shemiramoth, Jehonathan, Adonijah, Tobijah, and Tobadonijah; and with these Levites, the priests Elishama and Jehoram. And (BS)they taught in Judah, having the Book of the Law of the Lord with them. They went about through all the cities of Judah and taught among the people.

10 (BT)And the fear of the Lord fell upon all the kingdoms of the lands that were around Judah, and they made no war against Jehoshaphat. 11 Some of the Philistines (BU)brought Jehoshaphat presents and silver for tribute, and the Arabians also brought him 7,700 rams and 7,700 goats. 12 And Jehoshaphat grew steadily greater. He built in Judah fortresses and store cities, 13 and he had large supplies in the cities of Judah. He had soldiers, mighty men of valor, in Jerusalem. 14 This was the muster of them by fathers' houses: Of Judah, the commanders of thousands: Adnah the commander, with 300,000 mighty men of valor; 15 and next to him Jehohanan the commander, with 280,000; 16 and next to him Amasiah the son of Zichri, (BV)a volunteer for the service of the Lord, with 200,000 mighty men of valor. 17 Of Benjamin: Eliada, a mighty man of valor, with 200,000 men (BW)armed with bow and shield; 18 and next to him Jehozabad with 180,000 armed for war. 19 These were in the service of the king, besides (BX)those whom the king had placed in the fortified cities throughout all Judah.

Jehoshaphat Allies with Ahab

18 Now Jehoshaphat (BY)had great riches and honor, (BZ)and he made a marriage alliance with Ahab. (CA)After some years he went down to Ahab in Samaria. And Ahab killed an abundance of sheep and oxen for him and for the people who were with him, and induced him to go up against Ramoth-gilead. Ahab king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me to Ramoth-gilead?” He answered him, “I am as you are, my people as your people. We will be with you in the war.”

And Jehoshaphat said to the king of Israel, “Inquire first for the word of the Lord.” Then the king of Israel gathered the prophets together, four hundred men, and said to them, “Shall we go to battle against Ramoth-gilead, or shall I refrain?” And they said, “Go up, for God will give it into the hand of the king.” But Jehoshaphat said, “Is there not here another prophet of the Lord of whom we may inquire?” And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “There is yet one man by whom we may inquire of the Lord, Micaiah the son of Imlah; but I hate him, for he never prophesies good concerning me, but always evil.” And Jehoshaphat said, “Let not the king say so.” Then the king of Israel summoned an officer and said, “Bring quickly Micaiah the son of Imlah.” Now the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah were sitting on their thrones, arrayed in their robes. And they were sitting at the threshing floor (CB)at the entrance of the gate of Samaria, and all the prophets were prophesying before them. 10 And Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah made for himself horns of iron and said, “Thus says the Lord, ‘With these you shall push the Syrians until they are destroyed.’” 11 And all the prophets prophesied so and said, “Go up to Ramoth-gilead and triumph. The Lord will give it into the hand of the king.”

12 And the messenger who went to summon Micaiah said to him, “Behold, the words of the prophets with one accord are favorable to the king. Let your word be like the word of one of them, and speak favorably.” 13 But Micaiah said, (CC)“As the Lord lives, (CD)what my God says, that I will speak.” 14 And when he had come to the king, the king said to him, “Micaiah, shall we go to Ramoth-gilead to battle, or shall I refrain?” And he answered, “Go up and triumph; they will be given into your hand.” 15 But the king said to him, “How many times shall I make you swear that you speak to me nothing but the truth in the name of the Lord?” 16 And he said, “I saw all Israel scattered on the mountains, (CE)as sheep that have no shepherd. And the Lord said, ‘These have no master; let each return to his home in peace.’” 17 And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Did I not tell you that he would not prophesy good concerning me, but evil?” 18 And Micaiah said, “Therefore hear the word of the Lord: (CF)I saw the Lord sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing on his right hand and on his left. 19 And the Lord said, ‘Who will entice Ahab the king of Israel, that he may go up and fall at Ramoth-gilead?’ And one said one thing, and another said another. 20 Then a spirit came forward and stood before the Lord, saying, ‘I will entice him.’ And the Lord said to him, ‘By what means?’ 21 And he said, ‘I will go out, and will be (CG)a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’ And he said, ‘You are to entice him, and you shall succeed; go out and do so.’ 22 Now therefore behold, the Lord has put a lying spirit in the mouth of these your prophets. The Lord has declared disaster concerning you.”

23 Then Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah came near (CH)and struck Micaiah on the cheek and said, “Which way did the Spirit of the Lord go from me to speak to you?” 24 And Micaiah said, “Behold, you shall see on that day when you go into an inner chamber to hide yourself.” 25 And the king of Israel said, “Seize Micaiah and take him back to Amon (CI)the governor of the city and to Joash the king's son, 26 and say, ‘Thus says the king, (CJ)Put this fellow in prison and feed him with meager rations of bread and water until I return in peace.’” 27 And Micaiah said, “If you return in peace, the Lord has not spoken by me.” And he said, (CK)“Hear, all you peoples!”

The Defeat and Death of Ahab

28 So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead. 29 And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your robes.” And the king of Israel disguised himself, and they went into battle. 30 Now the king of Syria had commanded the captains of his chariots, “Fight with neither small nor great, but only with the king of Israel.” 31 As soon as the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, they said, “It is the king of Israel.” So they turned to fight against him. And Jehoshaphat cried out, and the Lord helped him; God drew them away from him. 32 For as soon as the captains of the chariots saw that it was not the king of Israel, they turned back from pursuing him. 33 But a certain man drew his bow at random[f] and struck the king of Israel between the scale armor and the breastplate. Therefore he said to the driver of his chariot, “Turn around and carry me out of the battle, for I am wounded.” 34 And the battle continued that day, and the king of Israel was propped up in his chariot facing the Syrians until evening. Then at sunset he died.

Jehoshaphat's Reforms

19 Jehoshaphat the king of Judah returned in safety to his house in Jerusalem. But (CL)Jehu the son of (CM)Hanani (CN)the seer went out to meet him and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Should you (CO)help the wicked and love those who hate the Lord? Because of this, (CP)wrath has gone out against you from the Lord. Nevertheless, (CQ)some good is found in you, for (CR)you destroyed the Asheroth out of the land, and have (CS)set your heart to seek God.”

Jehoshaphat lived at Jerusalem. And he went out again among the people, from Beersheba to (CT)the hill country of Ephraim, and brought them back to the Lord, the God of their fathers. He appointed (CU)judges in the land in all (CV)the fortified cities of Judah, city by city, and said to the judges, “Consider what you do, (CW)for you judge not for man but for the Lord. He is with you in giving judgment. Now then, let the fear of the Lord be upon you. Be careful what you do, for (CX)there is no injustice with the Lord our God, (CY)or partiality or taking bribes.”

Moreover, in Jerusalem Jehoshaphat (CZ)appointed certain Levites and priests and heads of families of Israel, (DA)to give judgment for the Lord and to decide disputed cases. They had their seat at Jerusalem. And he charged them: (DB)“Thus you shall do in the fear of the Lord, in faithfulness, (DC)and with your whole heart: 10 (DD)whenever a case comes to you from your brothers who live in their cities, concerning bloodshed, law or commandment, statutes or rules, then you shall warn them, that they may not incur guilt before the Lord and (DE)wrath may not come upon you and your brothers. Thus you shall do, and you will not incur guilt. 11 And behold, Amariah the chief priest is over you (DF)in all matters of the Lord; and Zebadiah the son of Ishmael, the governor of the house of Judah, in all the king's matters, and the Levites will serve you as officers. (DG)Deal courageously, and may the Lord be with the upright!”[g]

Jehoshaphat's Prayer

20 After this (DH)the Moabites and Ammonites, and with them some of the Meunites,[h] came against Jehoshaphat for battle. Some men came and told Jehoshaphat, “A great multitude is coming against you from Edom,[i] from beyond the sea; and, behold, they are in (DI)Hazazon-tamar” (that is, (DJ)Engedi). Then Jehoshaphat was afraid and set his face (DK)to seek the Lord, and (DL)proclaimed a fast throughout all Judah. And Judah assembled to seek help from the Lord; from all the cities of Judah they came to seek the Lord.

And Jehoshaphat stood in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem, in the house of the Lord, before the new court, and said, “O Lord, God of our fathers, are you not (DM)God in heaven? You (DN)rule over all the kingdoms of the nations. (DO)In your hand are power and might, so that none is able to withstand you. Did you not, our God, (DP)drive out the inhabitants of this land before your people Israel, and give it forever to the descendants of (DQ)Abraham your friend? And they have lived in it and have built for you in it a sanctuary for your name, saying, (DR)‘If disaster comes upon us, the sword, judgment,[j] or pestilence, or famine, (DS)we will stand before this house and before you—(DT)for your name is in this house—and cry out to you in our affliction, and you will hear and save.’ 10 And now behold, the men of (DU)Ammon and Moab and (DV)Mount Seir, whom (DW)you would not let Israel invade when they came from the land of Egypt, (DX)and whom they avoided and did not destroy— 11 behold, they reward us (DY)by coming to drive us out of your possession, which you have given us to inherit. 12 O our God, will you not (DZ)execute judgment on them? For we are powerless against this great horde that is coming against us. We do not know what to do, but (EA)our eyes are on you.”

13 Meanwhile all Judah stood before the Lord, with their little ones, their wives, and their children. 14 And (EB)the Spirit of the Lord came[k] upon Jahaziel the son of Zechariah, son of Benaiah, son of Jeiel, son of Mattaniah, a Levite of the sons of Asaph, in the midst of the assembly. 15 And he said, “Listen, all Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem and King Jehoshaphat: Thus says the Lord to you, (EC)‘Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed at this great horde, (ED)for the battle is not yours but God's. 16 Tomorrow go down against them. Behold, they will come up by the ascent of Ziz. You will find them at the end of (EE)the valley, east of the wilderness of Jeruel. 17 (EF)You will not need to fight in this battle. Stand firm, hold your position, and see the salvation of the Lord on your behalf, O Judah and Jerusalem.’ (EG)Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed. Tomorrow go out against them, (EH)and the Lord will be with you.”

18 Then Jehoshaphat (EI)bowed his head with his face to the ground, and all Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem fell down before the Lord, worshiping the Lord. 19 And the Levites, of the (EJ)Kohathites and the (EK)Korahites, stood up to praise the Lord, the God of Israel, with a very loud voice.

20 And they rose early in the morning and went out into (EL)the wilderness of Tekoa. And when they went out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Hear me, Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem! (EM)Believe in the Lord your God, and you will be established; believe his prophets, and you will succeed.” 21 And when he had taken counsel with the people, he appointed those who were to sing to the Lord and praise him (EN)in holy attire, as they went before the army, and say,

(EO)“Give thanks to the Lord,
    for his steadfast love endures forever.”

22 And when they began to sing and praise, the Lord set (EP)an ambush against the men of (EQ)Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir, who had come against Judah, so that they were routed. 23 For the men of Ammon and Moab rose against the inhabitants of Mount Seir, devoting them to destruction, and when they had made an end of the inhabitants of Seir, (ER)they all helped to destroy one another.

The Lord Delivers Judah

24 When Judah came to the watchtower of the wilderness, they looked toward the horde, and behold, there[l] were dead bodies lying on the ground; none had escaped. 25 When Jehoshaphat and his people came to take their spoil, they found among them, in great numbers, goods, clothing, and precious things, which they took for themselves until they could carry no more. They were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much. 26 On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Beracah,[m] for there they blessed the Lord. Therefore the name of that place has been called the Valley of Beracah to this day. 27 Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, and Jehoshaphat at their head, returning to Jerusalem with joy, (ES)for the Lord had made them rejoice over their enemies. 28 They came to Jerusalem with harps and lyres and trumpets, to the house of the Lord. 29 (ET)And the fear of God came on all the kingdoms of the countries when they heard that the Lord had fought against the enemies of Israel. 30 So the realm of Jehoshaphat was quiet, (EU)for his God gave him rest all around.

31 (EV)Thus Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he began to reign, and he reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem. His mother's name was Azubah the daughter of Shilhi. 32 He walked in the way of Asa his father and did not turn aside from it, doing what was right in the sight of the Lord. 33 (EW)The high places, however, were not taken away; (EX)the people had not yet set their hearts upon the God of their fathers.

34 Now the rest of the acts of Jehoshaphat, from first to last, are written in the chronicles of (EY)Jehu the son of Hanani, (EZ)which are recorded in the Book of the Kings of Israel.

The End of Jehoshaphat's Reign

35 (FA)After this Jehoshaphat king of Judah joined with Ahaziah king of Israel, who acted wickedly. 36 He joined him in building ships to go to (FB)Tarshish, and they built the ships in Ezion-geber. 37 Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, (FC)“Because you have joined with Ahaziah, the Lord will destroy what you have made.” And the ships were wrecked and were not able to go to Tarshish.

Jehoram Reigns in Judah

21 (FD)Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers and was buried with his fathers in the city of David, and Jehoram his son reigned in his place. He had brothers, the sons of Jehoshaphat: Azariah, Jehiel, Zechariah, Azariah, Michael, and Shephatiah; all these were the sons of Jehoshaphat king of (FE)Israel.[n] Their father gave them great gifts of silver, gold, and valuable possessions, together with (FF)fortified cities in Judah, but he gave the kingdom to Jehoram, because he was the firstborn. When Jehoram had ascended the throne of his father and was established, he killed all his brothers with the sword, and also some of the princes of (FG)Israel. (FH)Jehoram was (FI)thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem. (FJ)And he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, as the house of Ahab had done, for (FK)the daughter of Ahab was his wife. And he did what was evil in the sight of the Lord. Yet the Lord was not willing to destroy the house of David, because of the covenant that he had made with David, and since he had promised to give (FL)a lamp to him and to his sons forever.

In his days Edom revolted from the (FM)rule of Judah and set up a king of their own. Then Jehoram passed over with his commanders and all his chariots, and he rose by night and struck the Edomites who had surrounded him and his chariot commanders. 10 So Edom revolted from (FN)the rule of Judah to this day. At that time Libnah also revolted from his rule, because he had forsaken the Lord, the God of his fathers.

11 Moreover, he made high places in the hill country of Judah and led the inhabitants of Jerusalem (FO)into whoredom and made Judah go astray. 12 And a letter came to him from Elijah the prophet, saying, “Thus says the Lord, the God of David your father, (FP)‘Because you have not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat your father, or (FQ)in the ways of Asa king of Judah, 13 (FR)but have walked in the way of the kings of Israel and have enticed Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem (FS)into whoredom, (FT)as the house of Ahab led Israel into whoredom, and also you (FU)have killed your brothers, of your father's house, who were better than you, 14 behold, the Lord will bring a great plague on your people, your children, your wives, and all your possessions, 15 and you yourself will have a severe sickness (FV)with a disease of your bowels, until your bowels come out because of the disease, day by day.’”

16 (FW)And the Lord stirred up against Jehoram the anger[o] of the Philistines and of (FX)the Arabians who are near the Ethiopians. 17 And they came up against Judah and invaded it and carried away all the possessions they found that belonged to the king's house, and also his sons and his wives, so that no son was left to him except (FY)Jehoahaz, his youngest son.

18 And after all this the Lord struck him (FZ)in his bowels with an incurable disease.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 14:13 Hebrew They
  2. 2 Chronicles 15:1 Or was
  3. 2 Chronicles 15:8 Hebrew the vestibule of the Lord
  4. 2 Chronicles 16:3 Or treaty; twice in this verse
  5. 2 Chronicles 16:9 Or whole
  6. 2 Chronicles 18:33 Hebrew in his innocence
  7. 2 Chronicles 19:11 Hebrew the good
  8. 2 Chronicles 20:1 Compare 26:7; Hebrew Ammonites
  9. 2 Chronicles 20:2 One Hebrew manuscript; most Hebrew manuscripts Aram (Syria)
  10. 2 Chronicles 20:9 Or the sword of judgment
  11. 2 Chronicles 20:14 Or was
  12. 2 Chronicles 20:24 Hebrew they
  13. 2 Chronicles 20:26 Beracah means blessing
  14. 2 Chronicles 21:2 That is, Judah
  15. 2 Chronicles 21:16 Hebrew spirit

He removed the foreign altars(A) and the high places, smashed the sacred stones(B) and cut down the Asherah poles.[a](C) He commanded Judah to seek the Lord,(D) the God of their ancestors, and to obey his laws and commands. He removed the high places(E) and incense altars(F) in every town in Judah, and the kingdom was at peace under him. He built up the fortified cities of Judah, since the land was at peace. No one was at war with him during those years, for the Lord gave him rest.(G)

“Let us build up these towns,” he said to Judah, “and put walls around them, with towers, gates and bars. The land is still ours, because we have sought the Lord our God; we sought him and he has given us rest(H) on every side.” So they built and prospered.

Asa had an army of three hundred thousand(I) men from Judah, equipped with large shields and with spears, and two hundred and eighty thousand from Benjamin, armed with small shields and with bows. All these were brave fighting men.

Zerah the Cushite(J) marched out against them with an army of thousands upon thousands and three hundred chariots, and came as far as Mareshah.(K) 10 Asa went out to meet him, and they took up battle positions in the Valley of Zephathah near Mareshah.

11 Then Asa called(L) to the Lord his God and said, “Lord, there is no one like you to help the powerless against the mighty. Help us,(M) Lord our God, for we rely(N) on you, and in your name(O) we have come against this vast army. Lord, you are our God; do not let mere mortals prevail(P) against you.”

12 The Lord struck down(Q) the Cushites before Asa and Judah. The Cushites fled, 13 and Asa and his army pursued them as far as Gerar.(R) Such a great number of Cushites fell that they could not recover; they were crushed(S) before the Lord and his forces. The men of Judah carried off a large amount of plunder.(T) 14 They destroyed all the villages around Gerar, for the terror(U) of the Lord had fallen on them. They looted all these villages, since there was much plunder there. 15 They also attacked the camps of the herders and carried off droves of sheep and goats and camels. Then they returned to Jerusalem.

Asa’s Reform(V)

15 The Spirit of God came on(W) Azariah son of Oded. He went out to meet Asa and said to him, “Listen to me, Asa and all Judah and Benjamin. The Lord is with you(X) when you are with him.(Y) If you seek(Z) him, he will be found by you, but if you forsake him, he will forsake you.(AA) For a long time Israel was without the true God, without a priest to teach(AB) and without the law.(AC) But in their distress they turned to the Lord, the God of Israel, and sought him,(AD) and he was found by them. In those days it was not safe to travel about,(AE) for all the inhabitants of the lands were in great turmoil. One nation was being crushed by another and one city by another,(AF) because God was troubling them with every kind of distress. But as for you, be strong(AG) and do not give up, for your work will be rewarded.”(AH)

When Asa heard these words and the prophecy of Azariah son of[b] Oded the prophet, he took courage. He removed the detestable idols(AI) from the whole land of Judah and Benjamin and from the towns he had captured(AJ) in the hills of Ephraim. He repaired the altar(AK) of the Lord that was in front of the portico of the Lord’s temple.

Then he assembled all Judah and Benjamin and the people from Ephraim, Manasseh and Simeon who had settled among them, for large numbers(AL) had come over to him from Israel when they saw that the Lord his God was with him.

10 They assembled at Jerusalem in the third month(AM) of the fifteenth year of Asa’s reign. 11 At that time they sacrificed to the Lord seven hundred head of cattle and seven thousand sheep and goats from the plunder(AN) they had brought back. 12 They entered into a covenant(AO) to seek the Lord,(AP) the God of their ancestors, with all their heart and soul. 13 All who would not seek the Lord, the God of Israel, were to be put to death,(AQ) whether small or great, man or woman. 14 They took an oath to the Lord with loud acclamation, with shouting and with trumpets and horns. 15 All Judah rejoiced about the oath because they had sworn it wholeheartedly. They sought God(AR) eagerly, and he was found by them. So the Lord gave them rest(AS) on every side.

16 King Asa also deposed his grandmother Maakah(AT) from her position as queen mother,(AU) because she had made a repulsive image for the worship of Asherah.(AV) Asa cut it down, broke it up and burned it in the Kidron Valley.(AW) 17 Although he did not remove the high places from Israel, Asa’s heart was fully committed to the Lord all his life. 18 He brought into the temple of God the silver and gold and the articles that he and his father had dedicated.(AX)

19 There was no more war until the thirty-fifth year of Asa’s reign.

Asa’s Last Years(AY)(AZ)

16 In the thirty-sixth year of Asa’s reign Baasha(BA) king of Israel went up against Judah and fortified Ramah to prevent anyone from leaving or entering the territory of Asa king of Judah.

Asa then took the silver and gold out of the treasuries of the Lord’s temple and of his own palace and sent it to Ben-Hadad king of Aram, who was ruling in Damascus.(BB) “Let there be a treaty(BC) between me and you,” he said, “as there was between my father and your father. See, I am sending you silver and gold. Now break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel so he will withdraw from me.”

Ben-Hadad agreed with King Asa and sent the commanders of his forces against the towns of Israel. They conquered Ijon, Dan, Abel Maim[c] and all the store cities of Naphtali.(BD) When Baasha heard this, he stopped building Ramah and abandoned his work. Then King Asa brought all the men of Judah, and they carried away from Ramah the stones and timber Baasha had been using. With them he built up Geba and Mizpah.(BE)

At that time Hanani(BF) the seer came to Asa king of Judah and said to him: “Because you relied(BG) on the king of Aram and not on the Lord your God, the army of the king of Aram has escaped from your hand. Were not the Cushites[d](BH) and Libyans a mighty army with great numbers(BI) of chariots and horsemen[e]? Yet when you relied on the Lord, he delivered(BJ) them into your hand. For the eyes(BK) of the Lord range throughout the earth to strengthen those whose hearts are fully committed to him. You have done a foolish(BL) thing, and from now on you will be at war.(BM)

10 Asa was angry with the seer because of this; he was so enraged that he put him in prison.(BN) At the same time Asa brutally oppressed some of the people.

11 The events of Asa’s reign, from beginning to end, are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel. 12 In the thirty-ninth year of his reign Asa was afflicted(BO) with a disease in his feet. Though his disease was severe, even in his illness he did not seek(BP) help from the Lord,(BQ) but only from the physicians. 13 Then in the forty-first year of his reign Asa died and rested with his ancestors. 14 They buried him in the tomb that he had cut out for himself(BR) in the City of David. They laid him on a bier covered with spices and various blended perfumes,(BS) and they made a huge fire(BT) in his honor.

Jehoshaphat King of Judah

17 Jehoshaphat his son succeeded him as king and strengthened(BU) himself against Israel. He stationed troops in all the fortified cities(BV) of Judah and put garrisons in Judah and in the towns of Ephraim that his father Asa had captured.(BW)

The Lord was with Jehoshaphat because he followed the ways of his father David(BX) before him. He did not consult the Baals but sought(BY) the God of his father and followed his commands rather than the practices of Israel. The Lord established the kingdom under his control; and all Judah brought gifts(BZ) to Jehoshaphat, so that he had great wealth and honor.(CA) His heart was devoted(CB) to the ways of the Lord; furthermore, he removed the high places(CC) and the Asherah poles(CD) from Judah.(CE)

In the third year of his reign he sent his officials Ben-Hail, Obadiah, Zechariah, Nethanel and Micaiah to teach(CF) in the towns of Judah. With them were certain Levites(CG)—Shemaiah, Nethaniah, Zebadiah, Asahel, Shemiramoth, Jehonathan, Adonijah, Tobijah and Tob-Adonijah—and the priests Elishama and Jehoram. They taught throughout Judah, taking with them the Book of the Law(CH) of the Lord; they went around to all the towns of Judah and taught the people.

10 The fear(CI) of the Lord fell on all the kingdoms of the lands surrounding Judah, so that they did not go to war against Jehoshaphat. 11 Some Philistines brought Jehoshaphat gifts and silver as tribute, and the Arabs(CJ) brought him flocks:(CK) seven thousand seven hundred rams and seven thousand seven hundred goats.

12 Jehoshaphat became more and more powerful; he built forts and store cities in Judah 13 and had large supplies in the towns of Judah. He also kept experienced fighting men in Jerusalem. 14 Their enrollment(CL) by families was as follows:

From Judah, commanders of units of 1,000:

Adnah the commander, with 300,000 fighting men;

15 next, Jehohanan the commander, with 280,000;

16 next, Amasiah son of Zikri, who volunteered(CM) himself for the service of the Lord, with 200,000.

17 From Benjamin:(CN)

Eliada, a valiant soldier, with 200,000 men armed with bows and shields;

18 next, Jehozabad, with 180,000 men armed for battle.

19 These were the men who served the king, besides those he stationed in the fortified cities(CO) throughout Judah.(CP)

Micaiah Prophesies Against Ahab(CQ)

18 Now Jehoshaphat had great wealth and honor,(CR) and he allied(CS) himself with Ahab(CT) by marriage. Some years later he went down to see Ahab in Samaria. Ahab slaughtered many sheep and cattle for him and the people with him and urged him to attack Ramoth Gilead. Ahab king of Israel asked Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me against Ramoth Gilead?”

Jehoshaphat replied, “I am as you are, and my people as your people; we will join you in the war.” But Jehoshaphat also said to the king of Israel, “First seek the counsel of the Lord.”

So the king of Israel brought together the prophets—four hundred men—and asked them, “Shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I not?”

“Go,” they answered, “for God will give it into the king’s hand.”

But Jehoshaphat asked, “Is there no longer a prophet of the Lord here whom we can inquire of?”

The king of Israel answered Jehoshaphat, “There is still one prophet through whom we can inquire of the Lord, but I hate him because he never prophesies anything good about me, but always bad. He is Micaiah son of Imlah.”

“The king should not say such a thing,” Jehoshaphat replied.

So the king of Israel called one of his officials and said, “Bring Micaiah son of Imlah at once.”

Dressed in their royal robes, the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah were sitting on their thrones at the threshing floor by the entrance of the gate of Samaria, with all the prophets prophesying before them. 10 Now Zedekiah son of Kenaanah had made iron horns, and he declared, “This is what the Lord says: ‘With these you will gore the Arameans until they are destroyed.’”

11 All the other prophets were prophesying the same thing. “Attack Ramoth Gilead(CU) and be victorious,” they said, “for the Lord will give it into the king’s hand.”

12 The messenger who had gone to summon Micaiah said to him, “Look, the other prophets without exception are predicting success for the king. Let your word agree with theirs, and speak favorably.”

13 But Micaiah said, “As surely as the Lord lives, I can tell him only what my God says.”(CV)

14 When he arrived, the king asked him, “Micaiah, shall we go to war against Ramoth Gilead, or shall I not?”

“Attack and be victorious,” he answered, “for they will be given into your hand.”

15 The king said to him, “How many times must I make you swear to tell me nothing but the truth in the name of the Lord?”

16 Then Micaiah answered, “I saw all Israel(CW) scattered on the hills like sheep without a shepherd,(CX) and the Lord said, ‘These people have no master. Let each one go home in peace.’”

17 The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “Didn’t I tell you that he never prophesies anything good about me, but only bad?”

18 Micaiah continued, “Therefore hear the word of the Lord: I saw the Lord sitting on his throne(CY) with all the multitudes of heaven standing on his right and on his left. 19 And the Lord said, ‘Who will entice Ahab king of Israel into attacking Ramoth Gilead and going to his death there?’

“One suggested this, and another that. 20 Finally, a spirit came forward, stood before the Lord and said, ‘I will entice him.’

“‘By what means?’ the Lord asked.

21 “‘I will go and be a deceiving spirit(CZ) in the mouths of all his prophets,’ he said.

“‘You will succeed in enticing him,’ said the Lord. ‘Go and do it.’

22 “So now the Lord has put a deceiving spirit in the mouths of these prophets of yours.(DA) The Lord has decreed disaster for you.”

23 Then Zedekiah son of Kenaanah went up and slapped(DB) Micaiah in the face. “Which way did the spirit from[f] the Lord go when he went from me to speak to you?” he asked.

24 Micaiah replied, “You will find out on the day you go to hide in an inner room.”

25 The king of Israel then ordered, “Take Micaiah and send him back to Amon the ruler of the city and to Joash the king’s son, 26 and say, ‘This is what the king says: Put this fellow in prison(DC) and give him nothing but bread and water until I return safely.’”

27 Micaiah declared, “If you ever return safely, the Lord has not spoken through me.” Then he added, “Mark my words, all you people!”

Ahab Killed at Ramoth Gilead(DD)

28 So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat king of Judah went up to Ramoth Gilead. 29 The king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will enter the battle in disguise, but you wear your royal robes.” So the king of Israel disguised(DE) himself and went into battle.

30 Now the king of Aram had ordered his chariot commanders, “Do not fight with anyone, small or great, except the king of Israel.” 31 When the chariot commanders saw Jehoshaphat, they thought, “This is the king of Israel.” So they turned to attack him, but Jehoshaphat cried out,(DF) and the Lord helped him. God drew them away from him, 32 for when the chariot commanders saw that he was not the king of Israel, they stopped pursuing him.

33 But someone drew his bow at random and hit the king of Israel between the breastplate and the scale armor. The king told the chariot driver, “Wheel around and get me out of the fighting. I’ve been wounded.” 34 All day long the battle raged, and the king of Israel propped himself up in his chariot facing the Arameans until evening. Then at sunset he died.(DG)

19 When Jehoshaphat king of Judah returned safely to his palace in Jerusalem, Jehu(DH) the seer, the son of Hanani, went out to meet him and said to the king, “Should you help the wicked(DI) and love[g] those who hate the Lord?(DJ) Because of this, the wrath(DK) of the Lord is on you. There is, however, some good(DL) in you, for you have rid the land of the Asherah poles(DM) and have set your heart on seeking God.(DN)

Jehoshaphat Appoints Judges

Jehoshaphat lived in Jerusalem, and he went out again among the people from Beersheba to the hill country of Ephraim and turned them back to the Lord, the God of their ancestors. He appointed judges(DO) in the land, in each of the fortified cities of Judah. He told them, “Consider carefully what you do,(DP) because you are not judging for mere mortals(DQ) but for the Lord, who is with you whenever you give a verdict. Now let the fear of the Lord be on you. Judge carefully, for with the Lord our God there is no injustice(DR) or partiality(DS) or bribery.”

In Jerusalem also, Jehoshaphat appointed some of the Levites,(DT) priests(DU) and heads of Israelite families to administer(DV) the law of the Lord and to settle disputes. And they lived in Jerusalem. He gave them these orders: “You must serve faithfully and wholeheartedly in the fear of the Lord. 10 In every case that comes before you from your people who live in the cities—whether bloodshed or other concerns of the law, commands, decrees or regulations—you are to warn them not to sin against the Lord;(DW) otherwise his wrath will come on you and your people. Do this, and you will not sin.

11 “Amariah the chief priest will be over you in any matter concerning the Lord, and Zebadiah son of Ishmael, the leader of the tribe of Judah, will be over you in any matter concerning the king, and the Levites will serve as officials before you. Act with courage,(DX) and may the Lord be with those who do well.”

Jehoshaphat Defeats Moab and Ammon

20 After this, the Moabites(DY) and Ammonites with some of the Meunites[h](DZ) came to wage war against Jehoshaphat.

Some people came and told Jehoshaphat, “A vast army(EA) is coming against you from Edom,[i] from the other side of the Dead Sea. It is already in Hazezon Tamar(EB)” (that is, En Gedi).(EC) Alarmed, Jehoshaphat resolved to inquire of the Lord, and he proclaimed a fast(ED) for all Judah. The people of Judah(EE) came together to seek help from the Lord; indeed, they came from every town in Judah to seek him.

Then Jehoshaphat stood up in the assembly of Judah and Jerusalem at the temple of the Lord in the front of the new courtyard and said:

Lord, the God of our ancestors,(EF) are you not the God who is in heaven?(EG) You rule over all the kingdoms(EH) of the nations. Power and might are in your hand, and no one can withstand you.(EI) Our God, did you not drive out the inhabitants of this land(EJ) before your people Israel and give it forever to the descendants of Abraham your friend?(EK) They have lived in it and have built in it a sanctuary(EL) for your Name, saying, ‘If calamity comes upon us, whether the sword of judgment, or plague or famine,(EM) we will stand in your presence before this temple that bears your Name and will cry out to you in our distress, and you will hear us and save us.’

10 “But now here are men from Ammon, Moab and Mount Seir, whose territory you would not allow Israel to invade when they came from Egypt;(EN) so they turned away from them and did not destroy them. 11 See how they are repaying us by coming to drive us out of the possession(EO) you gave us as an inheritance. 12 Our God, will you not judge them?(EP) For we have no power to face this vast army that is attacking us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are on you.(EQ)

13 All the men of Judah, with their wives and children and little ones, stood there before the Lord.

14 Then the Spirit(ER) of the Lord came on Jahaziel son of Zechariah, the son of Benaiah, the son of Jeiel, the son of Mattaniah,(ES) a Levite and descendant of Asaph, as he stood in the assembly.

15 He said: “Listen, King Jehoshaphat and all who live in Judah and Jerusalem! This is what the Lord says to you: ‘Do not be afraid or discouraged(ET) because of this vast army. For the battle(EU) is not yours, but God’s. 16 Tomorrow march down against them. They will be climbing up by the Pass of Ziz, and you will find them at the end of the gorge in the Desert of Jeruel. 17 You will not have to fight this battle. Take up your positions; stand firm and see(EV) the deliverance the Lord will give you, Judah and Jerusalem. Do not be afraid; do not be discouraged. Go out to face them tomorrow, and the Lord will be with you.’”

18 Jehoshaphat bowed down(EW) with his face to the ground, and all the people of Judah and Jerusalem fell down in worship before the Lord. 19 Then some Levites from the Kohathites and Korahites stood up and praised the Lord, the God of Israel, with a very loud voice.

20 Early in the morning they left for the Desert of Tekoa. As they set out, Jehoshaphat stood and said, “Listen to me, Judah and people of Jerusalem! Have faith(EX) in the Lord your God and you will be upheld; have faith in his prophets and you will be successful.(EY) 21 After consulting the people, Jehoshaphat appointed men to sing to the Lord and to praise him for the splendor of his[j] holiness(EZ) as they went out at the head of the army, saying:

“Give thanks to the Lord,
    for his love endures forever.”(FA)

22 As they began to sing and praise, the Lord set ambushes(FB) against the men of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir who were invading Judah, and they were defeated. 23 The Ammonites(FC) and Moabites rose up against the men from Mount Seir(FD) to destroy and annihilate them. After they finished slaughtering the men from Seir, they helped to destroy one another.(FE)

24 When the men of Judah came to the place that overlooks the desert and looked toward the vast army, they saw only dead bodies lying on the ground; no one had escaped. 25 So Jehoshaphat and his men went to carry off their plunder, and they found among them a great amount of equipment and clothing[k] and also articles of value—more than they could take away. There was so much plunder that it took three days to collect it. 26 On the fourth day they assembled in the Valley of Berakah, where they praised the Lord. This is why it is called the Valley of Berakah[l] to this day.

27 Then, led by Jehoshaphat, all the men of Judah and Jerusalem returned joyfully to Jerusalem, for the Lord had given them cause to rejoice over their enemies. 28 They entered Jerusalem and went to the temple of the Lord with harps and lyres and trumpets.

29 The fear(FF) of God came on all the surrounding kingdoms when they heard how the Lord had fought(FG) against the enemies of Israel. 30 And the kingdom of Jehoshaphat was at peace, for his God had given him rest(FH) on every side.

The End of Jehoshaphat’s Reign(FI)

31 So Jehoshaphat reigned over Judah. He was thirty-five years old when he became king of Judah, and he reigned in Jerusalem twenty-five years. His mother’s name was Azubah daughter of Shilhi. 32 He followed the ways of his father Asa and did not stray from them; he did what was right in the eyes of the Lord. 33 The high places,(FJ) however, were not removed, and the people still had not set their hearts on the God of their ancestors.

34 The other events of Jehoshaphat’s reign, from beginning to end, are written in the annals of Jehu(FK) son of Hanani, which are recorded in the book of the kings of Israel.

35 Later, Jehoshaphat king of Judah made an alliance(FL) with Ahaziah king of Israel, whose ways were wicked.(FM) 36 He agreed with him to construct a fleet of trading ships.[m] After these were built at Ezion Geber, 37 Eliezer son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying, “Because you have made an alliance with Ahaziah, the Lord will destroy what you have made.” The ships(FN) were wrecked and were not able to set sail to trade.[n]

21 Then Jehoshaphat rested with his ancestors and was buried with them in the City of David. And Jehoram(FO) his son succeeded him as king. Jehoram’s brothers, the sons of Jehoshaphat, were Azariah, Jehiel, Zechariah, Azariahu, Michael and Shephatiah. All these were sons of Jehoshaphat king of Israel.[o] Their father had given them many gifts(FP) of silver and gold and articles of value, as well as fortified cities(FQ) in Judah, but he had given the kingdom to Jehoram because he was his firstborn son.

Jehoram King of Judah(FR)

When Jehoram established(FS) himself firmly over his father’s kingdom, he put all his brothers(FT) to the sword along with some of the officials of Israel. Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years. He followed the ways of the kings of Israel,(FU) as the house of Ahab had done, for he married a daughter of Ahab.(FV) He did evil in the eyes of the Lord. Nevertheless, because of the covenant the Lord had made with David,(FW) the Lord was not willing to destroy the house of David.(FX) He had promised to maintain a lamp(FY) for him and his descendants forever.

In the time of Jehoram, Edom(FZ) rebelled against Judah and set up its own king. So Jehoram went there with his officers and all his chariots. The Edomites surrounded him and his chariot commanders, but he rose up and broke through by night. 10 To this day Edom has been in rebellion against Judah.

Libnah(GA) revolted at the same time, because Jehoram had forsaken the Lord, the God of his ancestors. 11 He had also built high places on the hills of Judah and had caused the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves and had led Judah astray.

12 Jehoram received a letter from Elijah(GB) the prophet, which said:

“This is what the Lord, the God of your father(GC) David, says: ‘You have not followed the ways of your father Jehoshaphat or of Asa(GD) king of Judah. 13 But you have followed the ways of the kings of Israel, and you have led Judah and the people of Jerusalem to prostitute themselves, just as the house of Ahab did.(GE) You have also murdered your own brothers, members of your own family, men who were better(GF) than you. 14 So now the Lord is about to strike your people, your sons, your wives and everything that is yours, with a heavy blow. 15 You yourself will be very ill with a lingering disease(GG) of the bowels, until the disease causes your bowels to come out.’”

16 The Lord aroused against Jehoram the hostility of the Philistines and of the Arabs(GH) who lived near the Cushites. 17 They attacked Judah, invaded it and carried off all the goods found in the king’s palace, together with his sons and wives. Not a son was left to him except Ahaziah,[p] the youngest.(GI)

18 After all this, the Lord afflicted Jehoram with an incurable disease of the bowels.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 14:3 That is, wooden symbols of the goddess Asherah; here and elsewhere in 2 Chronicles
  2. 2 Chronicles 15:8 Vulgate and Syriac (see also Septuagint and verse 1); Hebrew does not have Azariah son of.
  3. 2 Chronicles 16:4 Also known as Abel Beth Maakah
  4. 2 Chronicles 16:8 That is, people from the upper Nile region
  5. 2 Chronicles 16:8 Or charioteers
  6. 2 Chronicles 18:23 Or Spirit of
  7. 2 Chronicles 19:2 Or and make alliances with
  8. 2 Chronicles 20:1 Some Septuagint manuscripts; Hebrew Ammonites
  9. 2 Chronicles 20:2 One Hebrew manuscript; most Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint and Vulgate Aram
  10. 2 Chronicles 20:21 Or him with the splendor of
  11. 2 Chronicles 20:25 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Vulgate; most Hebrew manuscripts corpses
  12. 2 Chronicles 20:26 Berakah means praise.
  13. 2 Chronicles 20:36 Hebrew of ships that could go to Tarshish
  14. 2 Chronicles 20:37 Hebrew sail for Tarshish
  15. 2 Chronicles 21:2 That is, Judah, as frequently in 2 Chronicles
  16. 2 Chronicles 21:17 Hebrew Jehoahaz, a variant of Ahaziah