Warnings From Israel’s History

10 For I do not want you to be ignorant^(A) of the fact, brothers and sisters, that our ancestors were all under the cloud^(B) and that they all passed through the sea.^{(C) 2} They were all baptized into^(D) Moses in the cloud and in the sea. ³ They all ate the same spiritual food^{(E) 4} and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock^(F) that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ. ⁵ Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them; their bodies were scattered in the wilderness.^(G)

⁶ Now these things occurred as examples^(H) to keep us from setting our hearts on evil things as they did. ⁷ Do not be idolaters,^(I) as some of them were; as it is written: “The people sat down to eat and drink and got up to indulge in revelry.”^{[a](J) 8} We should not commit sexual immorality, as some of them did—and in one day twenty-three thousand of them died.^{(K) 9} We should not test Christ,^[b](L) as some of them did—and were killed by snakes.^{(M) 10} And do not grumble, as some of them did^(N)—and were killed^(O) by the destroying angel.^(P)

¹¹ These things happened to them as examples^(Q) and were written down as warnings for us,^(R) on whom the culmination of the ages has come.^{(S) 12} So, if you think you are standing firm,^(T) be careful that you don’t fall! ¹³ No temptation^[c] has overtaken you except what is common to mankind. And God is faithful;^(U) he will not let you be tempted^[d] beyond what you can bear.^(V) But when you are tempted,^[e] he will also provide a way out so that you can endure it.

Idol Feasts and the Lord’s Supper

¹⁴ Therefore, my dear friends,^(W) flee from idolatry.^{(X) 15} I speak to sensible people; judge for yourselves what I say. ¹⁶ Is not the cup of thanksgiving for which we give thanks a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break^(Y) a participation in the body of Christ?^{(Z) 17} Because there is one loaf, we, who are many, are one body,^(AA) for we all share the one loaf.

¹⁸ Consider the people of Israel: Do not those who eat the sacrifices^(AB) participate in the altar? ¹⁹ Do I mean then that food sacrificed to an idol is anything, or that an idol is anything?^{(AC) 20} No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons,^(AD) not to God, and I do not want you to be participants with demons. ²¹ You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too; you cannot have a part in both the Lord’s table and the table of demons.^{(AE) 22} Are we trying to arouse the Lord’s jealousy?^(AF) Are we stronger than he?^(AG)

The Believer’s Freedom

²³ “I have the right to do anything,” you say—but not everything is beneficial.^(AH) “I have the right to do anything”—but not everything is constructive. ²⁴ No one should seek their own good, but the good of others.^(AI)

²⁵ Eat anything sold in the meat market without raising questions of conscience,^{(AJ) 26} for, “The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it.”^[f](AK)

²⁷ If an unbeliever invites you to a meal and you want to go, eat whatever is put before you^(AL) without raising questions of conscience. ²⁸ But if someone says to you, “This has been offered in sacrifice,” then do not eat it, both for the sake of the one who told you and for the sake of conscience.^{(AM) 29} I am referring to the other person’s conscience, not yours. For why is my freedom^(AN) being judged by another’s conscience? ³⁰ If I take part in the meal with thankfulness, why am I denounced because of something I thank God for?^(AO)

³¹ So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.^{(AP) 32} Do not cause anyone to stumble,^(AQ) whether Jews, Greeks or the church of God^(AR)— ³³ even as I try to please everyone in every way.^(AS) For I am not seeking my own good but the good of many,^(AT) so that they may be saved.^(AU) 11 ¹ Follow my example,^(AV) as I follow the example of Christ.^(AW)

On Covering the Head in Worship

² I praise you^(AX) for remembering me in everything^(AY) and for holding to the traditions just as I passed them on to you.^{(AZ) 3} But I want you to realize that the head of every man is Christ,^(BA) and the head of the woman is man,^[g](BB) and the head of Christ is God.^{(BC) 4} Every man who prays or prophesies^(BD) with his head covered dishonors his head. ⁵ But every woman who prays or prophesies^(BE) with her head uncovered dishonors her head—it is the same as having her head shaved.^{(BF) 6} For if a woman does not cover her head, she might as well have her hair cut off; but if it is a disgrace for a woman to have her hair cut off or her head shaved, then she should cover her head.

⁷ A man ought not to cover his head,^[h] since he is the image^(BG) and glory of God; but woman is the glory of man. ⁸ For man did not come from woman, but woman from man;^{(BH) 9} neither was man created for woman, but woman for man.^{(BI) 10} It is for this reason that a woman ought to have authority over her own^[i] head, because of the angels. ¹¹ Nevertheless, in the Lord woman is not independent of man, nor is man independent of woman. ¹² For as woman came from man, so also man is born of woman. But everything comes from God.^(BJ)

¹³ Judge for yourselves: Is it proper for a woman to pray to God with her head uncovered? ¹⁴ Does not the very nature of things teach you that if a man has long hair, it is a disgrace to him, ¹⁵ but that if a woman has long hair, it is her glory? For long hair is given to her as a covering. ¹⁶ If anyone wants to be contentious about this, we have no other practice—nor do the churches of God.^(BK)

Correcting an Abuse of the Lord’s Supper^(BL)

¹⁷ In the following directives I have no praise for you,^(BM) for your meetings do more harm than good. ¹⁸ In the first place, I hear that when you come together as a church, there are divisions^(BN) among you, and to some extent I believe it. ¹⁹ No doubt there have to be differences among you to show which of you have God’s approval.^{(BO) 20} So then, when you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, ²¹ for when you are eating, some of you go ahead with your own private suppers.^(BP) As a result, one person remains hungry and another gets drunk. ²² Don’t you have homes to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God^(BQ) by humiliating those who have nothing?^(BR) What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you?^(BS) Certainly not in this matter!

²³ For I received from the Lord^(BT) what I also passed on to you:^(BU) The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, ²⁴ and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body,^(BV) which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.” ²⁵ In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant^(BW) in my blood;^(BX) do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.” ²⁶ For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.^(BY)

²⁷ So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord.^{(BZ) 28} Everyone ought to examine themselves^(CA) before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup. ²⁹ For those who eat and drink without discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on themselves. ³⁰ That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep.^{(CB) 31} But if we were more discerning with regard to ourselves, we would not come under such judgment.^{(CC) 32} Nevertheless, when we are judged in this way by the Lord, we are being disciplined^(CD) so that we will not be finally condemned with the world.^(CE)

³³ So then, my brothers and sisters, when you gather to eat, you should all eat together. ³⁴ Anyone who is hungry^(CF) should eat something at home,^(CG) so that when you meet together it may not result in judgment.

And when I come^(CH) I will give further directions.

Concerning Spiritual Gifts

12 Now about the gifts of the Spirit,^(CI) brothers and sisters, I do not want you to be uninformed.^{(CJ) 2} You know that when you were pagans,^(CK) somehow or other you were influenced and led astray to mute idols.^{(CL) 3} Therefore I want you to know that no one who is speaking by the Spirit of God says, “Jesus be cursed,”^(CM) and no one can say, “Jesus is Lord,”^(CN) except by the Holy Spirit.^(CO)

⁴ There are different kinds of gifts, but the same Spirit^(CP) distributes them. ⁵ There are different kinds of service, but the same Lord. ⁶ There are different kinds of working, but in all of them and in everyone^(CQ) it is the same God^(CR) at work.

⁷ Now to each one the manifestation of the Spirit is given for the common good.^{(CS) 8} To one there is given through the Spirit a message of wisdom,^(CT) to another a message of knowledge^(CU) by means of the same Spirit, ⁹ to another faith^(CV) by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing^(CW) by that one Spirit, ¹⁰ to another miraculous powers,^(CX) to another prophecy,^(CY) to another distinguishing between spirits,^(CZ) to another speaking in different kinds of tongues,^[j](DA) and to still another the interpretation of tongues.^{[k] 11} All these are the work of one and the same Spirit,^(DB) and he distributes them to each one, just as he determines.

Unity and Diversity in the Body

¹² Just as a body, though one, has many parts, but all its many parts form one body,^(DC) so it is with Christ.^{(DD) 13} For we were all baptized^(DE) by^[l] one Spirit^(DF) so as to form one body—whether Jews or Gentiles, slave or free^(DG)—and we were all given the one Spirit to drink.^{(DH) 14} Even so the body is not made up of one part but of many.^(DI)

¹⁵ Now if the foot should say, “Because I am not a hand, I do not belong to the body,” it would not for that reason stop being part of the body. ¹⁶ And if the ear should say, “Because I am not an eye, I do not belong to the body,” it would not for that reason stop being part of the body. ¹⁷ If the whole body were an eye, where would the sense of hearing be? If the whole body were an ear, where would the sense of smell be? ¹⁸ But in fact God has placed^(DJ) the parts in the body, every one of them, just as he wanted them to be.^{(DK) 19} If they were all one part, where would the body be? ²⁰ As it is, there are many parts, but one body.^(DL)

²¹ The eye cannot say to the hand, “I don’t need you!” And the head cannot say to the feet, “I don’t need you!” ²² On the contrary, those parts of the body that seem to be weaker are indispensable, ²³ and the parts that we think are less honorable we treat with special honor. And the parts that are unpresentable are treated with special modesty, ²⁴ while our presentable parts need no special treatment. But God has put the body together, giving greater honor to the parts that lacked it, ²⁵ so that there should be no division in the body, but that its parts should have equal concern for each other. ²⁶ If one part suffers, every part suffers with it; if one part is honored, every part rejoices with it.

²⁷ Now you are the body of Christ,^(DM) and each one of you is a part of it.^{(DN) 28} And God has placed in the church^(DO) first of all apostles,^(DP) second prophets,^(DQ) third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing,^(DR) of helping, of guidance,^(DS) and of different kinds of tongues.^{(DT) 29} Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all work miracles? ³⁰ Do all have gifts of healing? Do all speak in tongues^[m]?^(DU) Do all interpret? ³¹ Now eagerly desire^(DV) the greater gifts.

Love Is Indispensable

And yet I will show you the most excellent way.

13 If I speak in the tongues^[n](DW) of men or of angels, but do not have love, I am only a resounding gong or a clanging cymbal. ² If I have the gift of prophecy^(DX) and can fathom all mysteries^(DY) and all knowledge,^(DZ) and if I have a faith^(EA) that can move mountains,^(EB) but do not have love, I am nothing. ³ If I give all I possess to the poor^(EC) and give over my body to hardship that I may boast,^[o](ED) but do not have love, I gain nothing.

⁴ Love is patient,^(EE) love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud.^{(EF) 5} It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking,^(EG) it is not easily angered,^(EH) it keeps no record of wrongs.^{(EI) 6} Love does not delight in evil^(EJ) but rejoices with the truth.^{(EK) 7} It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres.^(EL)

⁸ Love never fails. But where there are prophecies,^(EM) they will cease; where there are tongues,^(EN) they will be stilled; where there is knowledge, it will pass away. ⁹ For we know in part^(EO) and we prophesy in part, ¹⁰ but when completeness comes,^(EP) what is in part disappears. ¹¹ When I was a child, I talked like a child, I thought like a child, I reasoned like a child. When I became a man, I put the ways of childhood^(EQ) behind me. ¹² For now we see only a reflection as in a mirror;^(ER) then we shall see face to face.^(ES) Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully known.^(ET)

¹³ And now these three remain: faith, hope and love.^(EU) But the greatest of these is love.^(EV)

Intelligibility in Worship

14 Follow the way of love^(EW) and eagerly desire^(EX) gifts of the Spirit,^(EY) especially prophecy.^{(EZ) 2} For anyone who speaks in a tongue^[p](FA) does not speak to people but to God. Indeed, no one understands them;^(FB) they utter mysteries^(FC) by the Spirit. ³ But the one who prophesies speaks to people for their strengthening,^(FD) encouraging^(FE) and comfort. ⁴ Anyone who speaks in a tongue^(FF) edifies^(FG) themselves, but the one who prophesies^(FH) edifies the church. ⁵ I would like every one of you to speak in tongues,^[q] but I would rather have you prophesy.^(FI) The one who prophesies is greater than the one who speaks in tongues,^[r] unless someone interprets, so that the church may be edified.^(FJ)

⁶ Now, brothers and sisters, if I come to you and speak in tongues, what good will I be to you, unless I bring you some revelation^(FK) or knowledge^(FL) or prophecy or word of instruction?^{(FM) 7} Even in the case of lifeless things that make sounds, such as the pipe or harp, how will anyone know what tune is being played unless there is a distinction in the notes? ⁸ Again, if the trumpet does not sound a clear call, who will get ready for battle?^{(FN) 9} So it is with you. Unless you speak intelligible words with your tongue, how will anyone know what you are saying? You will just be speaking into the air. ¹⁰ Undoubtedly there are all sorts of languages in the world, yet none of them is without meaning. ¹¹ If then I do not grasp the meaning of what someone is saying, I am a foreigner to the speaker, and the speaker is a foreigner to me.^{(FO) 12} So it is with you. Since you are eager for gifts of the Spirit,^(FP) try to excel in those that build up^(FQ) the church.

¹³ For this reason the one who speaks in a tongue should pray that they may interpret what they say.^{(FR) 14} For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays,^(FS) but my mind is unfruitful. ¹⁵ So what shall I do? I will pray with my spirit,^(FT) but I will also pray with my understanding; I will sing^(FU) with my spirit, but I will also sing with my understanding. ¹⁶ Otherwise when you are praising God in the Spirit, how can someone else, who is now put in the position of an inquirer,^[s] say “Amen”^(FV) to your thanksgiving,^(FW) since they do not know what you are saying? ¹⁷ You are giving thanks well enough, but no one else is edified.^(FX)

¹⁸ I thank God that I speak in tongues more than all of you. ¹⁹ But in the church I would rather speak five intelligible words to instruct others than ten thousand words in a tongue.^(FY)

²⁰ Brothers and sisters, stop thinking like children.^(FZ) In regard to evil be infants,^(GA) but in your thinking be adults. ²¹ In the Law^(GB) it is written:

²² Tongues, then, are a sign, not for believers but for unbelievers; prophecy,^(GD) however, is not for unbelievers but for believers. ²³ So if the whole church comes together and everyone speaks in tongues, and inquirers or unbelievers come in, will they not say that you are out of your mind?^{(GE) 24} But if an unbeliever or an inquirer comes in while everyone is prophesying, they are convicted of sin and are brought under judgment by all, ²⁵ as the secrets^(GF) of their hearts are laid bare. So they will fall down and worship God, exclaiming, “God is really among you!”^(GG)

Good Order in Worship

²⁶ What then shall we say, brothers and sisters?^(GH) When you come together, each of you^(GI) has a hymn,^(GJ) or a word of instruction,^(GK) a revelation, a tongue^(GL) or an interpretation.^(GM) Everything must be done so that the church may be built up.^{(GN) 27} If anyone speaks in a tongue, two—or at the most three—should speak, one at a time, and someone must interpret. ²⁸ If there is no interpreter, the speaker should keep quiet in the church and speak to himself and to God.

²⁹ Two or three prophets^(GO) should speak, and the others should weigh carefully what is said.^{(GP) 30} And if a revelation comes to someone who is sitting down, the first speaker should stop. ³¹ For you can all prophesy in turn so that everyone may be instructed and encouraged. ³² The spirits of prophets are subject to the control of prophets.^{(GQ) 33} For God is not a God of disorder^(GR) but of peace^(GS)—as in all the congregations^(GT) of the Lord’s people.^(GU)

³⁴ Women^[u] should remain silent in the churches. They are not allowed to speak,^(GV) but must be in submission,^(GW) as the law^(GX) says. ³⁵ If they want to inquire about something, they should ask their own husbands at home; for it is disgraceful for a woman to speak in the church.^[v]

³⁶ Or did the word of God^(GY) originate with you? Or are you the only people it has reached? ³⁷ If anyone thinks they are a prophet^(GZ) or otherwise gifted by the Spirit,^(HA) let them acknowledge that what I am writing to you is the Lord’s command.^{(HB) 38} But if anyone ignores this, they will themselves be ignored.^[w]

³⁹ Therefore, my brothers and sisters, be eager^(HC) to prophesy,^(HD) and do not forbid speaking in tongues. ⁴⁰ But everything should be done in a fitting and orderly^(HE) way.

The Resurrection of Christ

15 Now, brothers and sisters, I want to remind you of the gospel^(HF) I preached to you,^(HG) which you received and on which you have taken your stand. ² By this gospel you are saved,^(HH) if you hold firmly^(HI) to the word I preached to you. Otherwise, you have believed in vain.

³ For what I received^(HJ) I passed on to you^(HK) as of first importance^[x]: that Christ died for our sins^(HL) according to the Scriptures,^{(HM) 4} that he was buried,^(HN) that he was raised^(HO) on the third day^(HP) according to the Scriptures,^{(HQ) 5} and that he appeared to Cephas,^[y](HR) and then to the Twelve.^{(HS) 6} After that, he appeared to more than five hundred of the brothers and sisters at the same time, most of whom are still living, though some have fallen asleep.^{(HT) 7} Then he appeared to James,^(HU) then to all the apostles,^{(HV) 8} and last of all he appeared to me also,^(HW) as to one abnormally born.

⁹ For I am the least of the apostles^(HX) and do not even deserve to be called an apostle, because I persecuted^(HY) the church of God.^{(HZ) 10} But by the grace^(IA) of God I am what I am, and his grace to me^(IB) was not without effect. No, I worked harder than all of them^(IC)—yet not I, but the grace of God that was with me.^{(ID) 11} Whether, then, it is I or they,^(IE) this is what we preach, and this is what you believed.

The Resurrection of the Dead

¹² But if it is preached that Christ has been raised from the dead,^(IF) how can some of you say that there is no resurrection^(IG) of the dead?^{(IH) 13} If there is no resurrection of the dead, then not even Christ has been raised. ¹⁴ And if Christ has not been raised,^(II) our preaching is useless and so is your faith. ¹⁵ More than that, we are then found to be false witnesses about God, for we have testified about God that he raised Christ from the dead.^(IJ) But he did not raise him if in fact the dead are not raised. ¹⁶ For if the dead are not raised, then Christ has not been raised either. ¹⁷ And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile; you are still in your sins.^{(IK) 18} Then those also who have fallen asleep^(IL) in Christ are lost. ¹⁹ If only for this life we have hope in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied.^(IM)

²⁰ But Christ has indeed been raised from the dead,^(IN) the firstfruits^(IO) of those who have fallen asleep.^{(IP) 21} For since death came through a man,^(IQ) the resurrection of the dead^(IR) comes also through a man. ²² For as in Adam all die, so in Christ all will be made alive.^{(IS) 23} But each in turn: Christ, the firstfruits;^(IT) then, when he comes,^(IU) those who belong to him.^{(IV) 24} Then the end will come, when he hands over the kingdom^(IW) to God the Father after he has destroyed all dominion, authority and power.^{(IX) 25} For he must reign^(IY) until he has put all his enemies under his feet.^{(IZ) 26} The last enemy to be destroyed is death.^{(JA) 27} For he “has put everything under his feet.”^[z](JB) Now when it says that “everything” has been put under him, it is clear that this does not include God himself, who put everything under Christ.^{(JC) 28} When he has done this, then the Son himself will be made subject to him who put everything under him,^(JD) so that God may be all in all.^(JE)

²⁹ Now if there is no resurrection, what will those do who are baptized for the dead? If the dead are not raised at all, why are people baptized for them? ³⁰ And as for us, why do we endanger ourselves every hour?^{(JF) 31} I face death every day^(JG)—yes, just as surely as I boast about you in Christ Jesus our Lord. ³² If I fought wild beasts^(JH) in Ephesus^(JI) with no more than human hopes, what have I gained? If the dead are not raised,

³³ Do not be misled:^(JK) “Bad company corrupts good character.”^{[ab](JL) 34} Come back to your senses as you ought, and stop sinning; for there are some who are ignorant of God^(JM)—I say this to your shame.^(JN)

The Resurrection Body

³⁵ But someone will ask,^(JO) “How are the dead raised? With what kind of body will they come?”^{(JP) 36} How foolish!^(JQ) What you sow does not come to life unless it dies.^{(JR) 37} When you sow, you do not plant the body that will be, but just a seed, perhaps of wheat or of something else. ³⁸ But God gives it a body as he has determined, and to each kind of seed he gives its own body.^{(JS) 39} Not all flesh is the same: People have one kind of flesh, animals have another, birds another and fish another. ⁴⁰ There are also heavenly bodies and there are earthly bodies; but the splendor of the heavenly bodies is one kind, and the splendor of the earthly bodies is another. ⁴¹ The sun has one kind of splendor,^(JT) the moon another and the stars another;^(JU) and star differs from star in splendor.

⁴² So will it be^(JV) with the resurrection of the dead.^(JW) The body that is sown is perishable, it is raised imperishable;^{(JX) 43} it is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory;^(JY) it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power; ⁴⁴ it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body.^(JZ)

If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. ⁴⁵ So it is written: “The first man Adam became a living being”^[ac];^(KA) the last Adam,^(KB) a life-giving spirit.^{(KC) 46} The spiritual did not come first, but the natural, and after that the spiritual.^{(KD) 47} The first man was of the dust of the earth;^(KE) the second man is of heaven.^{(KF) 48} As was the earthly man, so are those who are of the earth; and as is the heavenly man, so also are those who are of heaven.^{(KG) 49} And just as we have borne the image of the earthly man,^(KH) so shall we^[ad] bear the image of the heavenly man.^(KI)

⁵⁰ I declare to you, brothers and sisters, that flesh and blood^(KJ) cannot inherit the kingdom of God,^(KK) nor does the perishable inherit the imperishable.^{(KL) 51} Listen, I tell you a mystery:^(KM) We will not all sleep,^(KN) but we will all be changed^(KO)— ⁵² in a flash, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound,^(KP) the dead^(KQ) will be raised imperishable, and we will be changed. ⁵³ For the perishable^(KR) must clothe itself with the imperishable,^(KS) and the mortal with immortality. ⁵⁴ When the perishable has been clothed with the imperishable, and the mortal with immortality, then the saying that is written will come true: “Death has been swallowed up in victory.”^[ae](KT)

⁵⁶ The sting of death is sin,^(KV) and the power of sin is the law.^{(KW) 57} But thanks be to God!^(KX) He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.^(KY)

⁵⁸ Therefore, my dear brothers and sisters, stand firm. Let nothing move you. Always give yourselves fully to the work of the Lord,^(KZ) because you know that your labor in the Lord is not in vain.^(LA)