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述选民违逆及神恩导

78 亚萨的训诲诗。

我的民哪,你们要留心听我的训诲,侧耳听我口中的话。
我要开口说比喻,我要说出古时的谜语,
是我们所听见所知道的,也是我们的祖宗告诉我们的。
我们不将这些事向他们的子孙隐瞒,要将耶和华的美德和他的能力,并他奇妙的作为,述说给后代听。
因为他在雅各中立法度,在以色列中设律法,是他吩咐我们祖宗要传给子孙的,
使将要生的后代子孙可以晓得。他们也要起来告诉他们的子孙,
好叫他们仰望神,不忘记神的作为,唯要守他的命令,
不要像他们的祖宗,是顽梗悖逆居心不正之辈,向着神心不诚实。
以法莲的子孙带着兵器拿着弓,临阵之日转身退后。
10 他们不遵守神的约,不肯照他的律法行。
11 又忘记他所行的,和他显给他们奇妙的作为。
12 他在埃及地,在琐安田,在他们祖宗的眼前,施行奇事。
13 他将海分裂,使他们过去,又叫水立起如垒。
14 他白日用云彩,终夜用火光,引导他们。
15 他在旷野分裂磐石,多多地给他们水喝,如从深渊而出。
16 他使水从磐石涌出,叫水如江河下流。
17 他们却仍旧得罪他,在干燥之地悖逆至高者。
18 他们心中试探神,随自己所欲的求食物,
19 并且妄论神说:“神在旷野岂能摆设筵席吗?
20 他曾击打磐石,使水涌出成了江河,他还能赐粮食吗?还能为他的百姓预备肉吗?”
21 所以耶和华听见就发怒,有烈火向雅各烧起,有怒气向以色列上腾。
22 因为他们不信服神,不倚赖他的救恩。
23 他却吩咐天空,又敞开天上的门,
24 降吗哪像雨给他们吃,将天上的粮食赐给他们。
25 各人[a]吃大能者的食物,他赐下粮食,使他们饱足。
26 他领东风起在天空,又用能力引了南风来。
27 他降肉像雨在他们当中,多如尘土,又降飞鸟,多如海沙,
28 落在他们的营中,在他们住处的四面。
29 他们吃了,而且饱足,这样就随了他们所欲的。
30 他们贪而无厌,食物还在他们口中的时候,
31 神的怒气就向他们上腾,杀了他们内中的肥壮人,打倒以色列的少年人。
32 虽是这样,他们仍旧犯罪,不信他奇妙的作为。
33 因此他叫他们的日子全归虚空,叫他们的年岁尽属惊恐。
34 他杀他们的时候,他们才求问他,回心转意,切切地寻求神。
35 他们也追念神是他们的磐石,至高的神是他们的救赎主。
36 他们却用口谄媚他,用舌向他说谎。
37 因他们的心向他不正,在他的约上也不忠心。
38 但他有怜悯,赦免他们的罪孽,不灭绝他们,而且屡次消他的怒气,不发尽他的愤怒。
39 他想到他们不过是血气,是一阵去而不返的风。
40 他们在旷野悖逆他,在荒地叫他担忧,何其多呢!
41 他们再三试探神,惹动以色列的圣者。
42 他们不追念他的能力[b]和赎他们脱离敌人的日子。
43 他怎样在埃及地显神迹,在琐安田显奇事,
44 把他们的江河并河汊的水都变为血,使他们不能喝。
45 他叫苍蝇成群落在他们当中,嘬尽他们,又叫青蛙灭了他们;
46 把他们的土产交给蚂蚱,把他们辛苦得来的交给蝗虫。
47 他降冰雹打坏他们的葡萄树,下严霜打坏他们的桑树;
48 又把他们的牲畜交给冰雹,把他们的群畜交给闪电。
49 他使猛烈的怒气和愤怒、恼恨、苦难成了一群降灾的使者,临到他们。
50 他为自己的怒气修平了路,将他们交给瘟疫,使他们死亡。
51 埃及击杀一切长子,在的帐篷中击杀他们强壮时头生的。
52 他却领出自己的民如羊,在旷野引他们如羊群。
53 他领他们稳稳妥妥的,使他们不致害怕,海却淹没他们的仇敌。
54 他带他们到自己圣地的边界,到他右手所得的这山地。
55 他在他们面前赶出外邦人,用绳子将外邦的地量给他们为业,叫以色列支派的人住在他们的帐篷里。
56 他们仍旧试探、悖逆至高的神,不守他的法度,
57 反倒退后,行诡诈,像他们的祖宗一样,他们改变如同翻背的弓。
58 因他们的丘坛惹了他的怒气,因他们雕刻的偶像触动他的愤恨。
59 神听见就发怒,极其憎恶以色列人。
60 甚至他离弃示罗的帐幕,就是他在人间所搭的帐篷;
61 又将他的约柜[c]交于人掳去,将他的荣耀交在敌人手中。
62 并将他的百姓交于刀剑,向他的产业发怒。
63 少年人被火烧灭,处女也无喜歌。
64 祭司倒在刀下,寡妇却不哀哭。
65 那时主像世人睡醒,像勇士饮酒呼喊。
66 他就打退了他的敌人,叫他们永蒙羞辱。
67 并且他弃掉约瑟的帐篷,不拣选以法莲支派,
68 却拣选犹大支派,他所喜爱的锡安山,
69 盖造他的圣所好像高峰,又像他建立永存之地。
70 又拣选他的仆人大卫,从羊圈中将他召来,
71 叫他不再跟从那些带奶的母羊,为要牧养自己的百姓雅各和自己的产业以色列
72 于是他按心中的纯正牧养他们,用手中的巧妙引导他们。

Footnotes

  1. 诗篇 78:25 或作:人。
  2. 诗篇 78:42 原文作:手。
  3. 诗篇 78:61 原文作:能力。

78 1-4 Listen, dear friends, to God’s truth,
    bend your ears to what I tell you.
I’m chewing on the morsel of a proverb;
    I’ll let you in on the sweet old truths,
Stories we heard from our fathers,
    counsel we learned at our mother’s knee.
We’re not keeping this to ourselves,
    we’re passing it along to the next generation—
God’s fame and fortune,
    the marvelous things he has done.

5-8 He planted a witness in Jacob,
    set his Word firmly in Israel,
Then commanded our parents
    to teach it to their children
So the next generation would know,
    and all the generations to come—
Know the truth and tell the stories
    so their children can trust in God,
Never forget the works of God
    but keep his commands to the letter.
Heaven forbid they should be like their parents,
    bullheaded and bad,
A fickle and faithless bunch
    who never stayed true to God.

9-16 The Ephraimites, armed to the teeth,
    ran off when the battle began.
They were cowards to God’s Covenant,
    refused to walk by his Word.
They forgot what he had done—
    marvels he’d done right before their eyes.
He performed miracles in plain sight of their parents
    in Egypt, out on the fields of Zoan.
He split the Sea and they walked right through it;
    he piled the waters to the right and the left.
He led them by day with a cloud,
    led them all the night long with a fiery torch.
He split rocks in the wilderness,
    gave them all they could drink from underground springs;
He made creeks flow out from sheer rock,
    and water pour out like a river.

17-20 All they did was sin even more,
    rebel in the desert against the High God.
They tried to get their own way with God,
    clamored for favors, for special attention.
They whined like spoiled children,
    “Why can’t God give us a decent meal in this desert?
Sure, he struck the rock and the water flowed,
    creeks cascaded from the rock.
But how about some fresh-baked bread?
    How about a nice cut of meat?”

21-31 When God heard that, he was furious—
    his anger flared against Jacob,
    he lost his temper with Israel.
It was clear they didn’t believe God,
    had no intention of trusting in his help.
But God helped them anyway, commanded the clouds
    and gave orders that opened the gates of heaven.
He rained down showers of manna to eat,
    he gave them the Bread of Heaven.
They ate the bread of the mighty angels;
    he sent them all the food they could eat.
He let East Wind break loose from the skies,
    gave a strong push to South Wind.
This time it was birds that rained down—
    succulent birds, an abundance of birds.
He aimed them right for the center of their camp;
    all round their tents there were birds.
They ate and had their fill;
    he handed them everything they craved on a platter.
But their greed knew no bounds;
    they stuffed their mouths with more and more.
Finally, God was fed up, his anger erupted—
    he cut down their brightest and best,
    he laid low Israel’s finest young men.

32-37 And—can you believe it?—they kept right on sinning;
    all those wonders and they still wouldn’t believe!
So their lives wasted away to nothing—
    nothing to show for their lives but a ghost town.
When he cut them down, they came running for help;
    they turned and pled for mercy.
They gave witness that God was their rock,
    that High God was their redeemer,
But they didn’t mean a word of it;
    they lied through their teeth the whole time.
They could not have cared less about him,
    wanted nothing to do with his Covenant.

38-55 And God? Compassionate!
    Forgave the sin! Didn’t destroy!
Over and over he reined in his anger,
    restrained his considerable wrath.
He knew what they were made of;
    he knew there wasn’t much to them,
How often in the desert they had spurned him,
    tried his patience in those wilderness years.
Time and again they pushed him to the limit,
    provoked Israel’s Holy God.
How quickly they forgot what he’d done,
    forgot their day of rescue from the enemy,
When he did miracles in Egypt,
    wonders on the plain of Zoan.
He turned the River and its streams to blood—
    not a drop of water fit to drink.
He sent flies, which ate them alive,
    and frogs, which drove them crazy.
He turned their harvest over to caterpillars,
    everything they had worked for to the locusts.
He flattened their grapevines with hail;
    a killing frost ruined their orchards.
He pounded their cattle with hail,
    let thunderbolts loose on their herds.
His anger flared,
    a wild firestorm of havoc,
An advance guard of disease-carrying angels
    to clear the ground, preparing the way before him.
He didn’t spare those people,
    he let the plague rage through their lives.
He killed all the Egyptian firstborns,
    lusty infants, offspring of Ham’s virility.
Then he led his people out like sheep,
    took his flock safely through the wilderness.
He took good care of them; they had nothing to fear.
    The Sea took care of their enemies for good.
He brought them into his holy land,
    this mountain he claimed for his own.
He scattered everyone who got in their way;
    he staked out an inheritance for them—
    the tribes of Israel all had their own places.

56-64 But they kept on giving him a hard time,
    rebelled against God, the High God,
    refused to do anything he told them.
They were worse, if that’s possible, than their parents:
    traitors—crooked as a corkscrew.
Their pagan orgies provoked God’s anger,
    their obscene idolatries broke his heart.
When God heard their carryings-on, he was furious;
    he posted a huge No over Israel.
He walked off and left Shiloh empty,
    abandoned the shrine where he had met with Israel.
He let his pride and joy go to the dogs,
    turned his back on the pride of his life.
He turned them loose on fields of battle;
    angry, he let them fend for themselves.
Their young men went to war and never came back;
    their young women waited in vain.
Their priests were massacred,
    and their widows never shed a tear.

65-72 Suddenly the Lord was up on his feet
    like someone roused from deep sleep,
    shouting like a drunken warrior.
He hit his enemies hard, sent them running,
    yelping, not daring to look back.
He disqualified Joseph as leader,
    told Ephraim he didn’t have what it takes,
And chose the Tribe of Judah instead,
    Mount Zion, which he loves so much.
He built his sanctuary there, resplendent,
    solid and lasting as the earth itself.
Then he chose David, his servant,
    handpicked him from his work in the sheep pens.
One day he was caring for the ewes and their lambs,
    the next day God had him shepherding Jacob,
    his people Israel, his prize possession.
His good heart made him a good shepherd;
    he guided the people wisely and well.

Psalm 78

A maskil[a] of Asaph.

My people, hear my teaching;(A)
    listen to the words of my mouth.
I will open my mouth with a parable;(B)
    I will utter hidden things, things from of old—
things we have heard and known,
    things our ancestors have told us.(C)
We will not hide them from their descendants;(D)
    we will tell the next generation(E)
the praiseworthy deeds(F) of the Lord,
    his power, and the wonders(G) he has done.
He decreed statutes(H) for Jacob(I)
    and established the law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
    to teach their children,
so the next generation would know them,
    even the children yet to be born,(J)
    and they in turn would tell their children.
Then they would put their trust in God
    and would not forget(K) his deeds
    but would keep his commands.(L)
They would not be like their ancestors(M)
    a stubborn(N) and rebellious(O) generation,
whose hearts were not loyal to God,
    whose spirits were not faithful to him.

The men of Ephraim, though armed with bows,(P)
    turned back on the day of battle;(Q)
10 they did not keep God’s covenant(R)
    and refused to live by his law.(S)
11 They forgot what he had done,(T)
    the wonders he had shown them.
12 He did miracles(U) in the sight of their ancestors
    in the land of Egypt,(V) in the region of Zoan.(W)
13 He divided the sea(X) and led them through;
    he made the water stand up like a wall.(Y)
14 He guided them with the cloud by day
    and with light from the fire all night.(Z)
15 He split the rocks(AA) in the wilderness
    and gave them water as abundant as the seas;
16 he brought streams out of a rocky crag
    and made water flow down like rivers.

17 But they continued to sin(AB) against him,
    rebelling in the wilderness against the Most High.
18 They willfully put God to the test(AC)
    by demanding the food they craved.(AD)
19 They spoke against God;(AE)
    they said, “Can God really
    spread a table in the wilderness?
20 True, he struck the rock,
    and water gushed out,(AF)
    streams flowed abundantly,
but can he also give us bread?
    Can he supply meat(AG) for his people?”
21 When the Lord heard them, he was furious;
    his fire broke out(AH) against Jacob,
    and his wrath rose against Israel,
22 for they did not believe in God
    or trust(AI) in his deliverance.
23 Yet he gave a command to the skies above
    and opened the doors of the heavens;(AJ)
24 he rained down manna(AK) for the people to eat,
    he gave them the grain of heaven.
25 Human beings ate the bread of angels;
    he sent them all the food they could eat.
26 He let loose the east wind(AL) from the heavens
    and by his power made the south wind blow.
27 He rained meat down on them like dust,
    birds(AM) like sand on the seashore.
28 He made them come down inside their camp,
    all around their tents.
29 They ate till they were gorged—(AN)
    he had given them what they craved.
30 But before they turned from what they craved,
    even while the food was still in their mouths,(AO)
31 God’s anger rose against them;
    he put to death the sturdiest(AP) among them,
    cutting down the young men of Israel.

32 In spite of all this, they kept on sinning;(AQ)
    in spite of his wonders,(AR) they did not believe.(AS)
33 So he ended their days in futility(AT)
    and their years in terror.
34 Whenever God slew them, they would seek(AU) him;
    they eagerly turned to him again.
35 They remembered that God was their Rock,(AV)
    that God Most High was their Redeemer.(AW)
36 But then they would flatter him with their mouths,(AX)
    lying to him with their tongues;
37 their hearts were not loyal(AY) to him,
    they were not faithful to his covenant.
38 Yet he was merciful;(AZ)
    he forgave(BA) their iniquities(BB)
    and did not destroy them.
Time after time he restrained his anger(BC)
    and did not stir up his full wrath.
39 He remembered that they were but flesh,(BD)
    a passing breeze(BE) that does not return.

40 How often they rebelled(BF) against him in the wilderness(BG)
    and grieved him(BH) in the wasteland!
41 Again and again they put God to the test;(BI)
    they vexed the Holy One of Israel.(BJ)
42 They did not remember(BK) his power—
    the day he redeemed them from the oppressor,(BL)
43 the day he displayed his signs(BM) in Egypt,
    his wonders(BN) in the region of Zoan.
44 He turned their river into blood;(BO)
    they could not drink from their streams.
45 He sent swarms of flies(BP) that devoured them,
    and frogs(BQ) that devastated them.
46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,(BR)
    their produce to the locust.(BS)
47 He destroyed their vines with hail(BT)
    and their sycamore-figs with sleet.
48 He gave over their cattle to the hail,
    their livestock(BU) to bolts of lightning.
49 He unleashed against them his hot anger,(BV)
    his wrath, indignation and hostility—
    a band of destroying angels.(BW)
50 He prepared a path for his anger;
    he did not spare them from death
    but gave them over to the plague.
51 He struck down all the firstborn of Egypt,(BX)
    the firstfruits of manhood in the tents of Ham.(BY)
52 But he brought his people out like a flock;(BZ)
    he led them like sheep through the wilderness.
53 He guided them safely, so they were unafraid;
    but the sea engulfed(CA) their enemies.(CB)
54 And so he brought them to the border of his holy land,
    to the hill country his right hand(CC) had taken.
55 He drove out nations(CD) before them
    and allotted their lands to them as an inheritance;(CE)
    he settled the tribes of Israel in their homes.

56 But they put God to the test
    and rebelled against the Most High;
    they did not keep his statutes.
57 Like their ancestors(CF) they were disloyal and faithless,
    as unreliable as a faulty bow.(CG)
58 They angered him(CH) with their high places;(CI)
    they aroused his jealousy with their idols.(CJ)
59 When God heard(CK) them, he was furious;(CL)
    he rejected Israel(CM) completely.
60 He abandoned the tabernacle of Shiloh,(CN)
    the tent he had set up among humans.(CO)
61 He sent the ark of his might(CP) into captivity,(CQ)
    his splendor into the hands of the enemy.
62 He gave his people over to the sword;(CR)
    he was furious with his inheritance.(CS)
63 Fire consumed(CT) their young men,
    and their young women had no wedding songs;(CU)
64 their priests were put to the sword,(CV)
    and their widows could not weep.

65 Then the Lord awoke as from sleep,(CW)
    as a warrior wakes from the stupor of wine.
66 He beat back his enemies;
    he put them to everlasting shame.(CX)
67 Then he rejected the tents of Joseph,
    he did not choose the tribe of Ephraim;(CY)
68 but he chose the tribe of Judah,(CZ)
    Mount Zion,(DA) which he loved.
69 He built his sanctuary(DB) like the heights,
    like the earth that he established forever.
70 He chose David(DC) his servant
    and took him from the sheep pens;
71 from tending the sheep(DD) he brought him
    to be the shepherd(DE) of his people Jacob,
    of Israel his inheritance.
72 And David shepherded them with integrity of heart;(DF)
    with skillful hands he led them.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 78:1 Title: Probably a literary or musical term