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留下来的国家

耶和华留下这些国家,为要考验所有未曾经历迦南任何战役的以色列人, 只是为了要以色列人的后代认识战争,教导他们,尤其那些未曾认识这些事的人。 留下的有非利士的五个领袖,所有的迦南人,西顿人,以及从巴力‧黑门山哈马口,住黎巴嫩山希未人。 他们是为了要考验以色列,好知道他们是否肯听从耶和华藉摩西吩咐他们列祖的命令。 以色列人住在迦南人、人、亚摩利人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人中间, 娶他们的女儿,将自己的女儿嫁给他们的儿子,并事奉他们的神明。

俄陀聂

以色列人行耶和华眼中看为恶的事,忘记耶和华—他们的 神,去事奉诸巴力亚舍拉 所以耶和华的怒气向以色列发作,把他们交给美索不达米亚[a]古珊‧利萨田的手中。以色列人服事古珊‧利萨田八年。 以色列人呼求耶和华,耶和华就为以色列人兴起一位拯救者来救他们,就是迦勒的弟弟基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂 10 耶和华的灵降在他身上,他就作了以色列的士师。他出去争战,耶和华将亚兰古珊‧利萨田交在他手中,他的手战胜了古珊‧利萨田 11 于是这地太平四十年。基纳斯的儿子俄陀聂死了。

以笏

12 以色列人又行耶和华眼中看为恶的事。耶和华使摩押伊矶伦强大,攻击以色列,因为他们行耶和华眼中看为恶的事。 13 伊矶伦召集亚扪人和亚玛力人到他那里,他就去攻打以色列,占据了棕树城。 14 于是以色列人服事摩押伊矶伦十八年。

15 以色列人呼求耶和华,耶和华就为他们兴起一位拯救者,便雅悯基拉的儿子以笏,他是个惯用左手的人[b]以色列人托他送礼物给摩押伊矶伦 16 以笏打造了一把两刃的剑,长一短肘[c],绑在右腿上衣服里面。 17 他把礼物献给摩押伊矶伦伊矶伦是个很肥胖的人。 18 以笏献完礼物的时候,就把抬礼物的人送走。 19 但他自己却从靠近吉甲的雕像那里转回来,说:“王啊,我有一件机密的事要奏告你。”王说:“回避吧!”于是所有侍立在他左右的人都退去了。 20 以笏来到王那里,那时他独自一人坐在阴凉的顶楼。以笏说:“我有 神的话向你报告。”王就从座位上站起来。 21 以笏伸出左手,从右腿上拔出剑来,刺入王的肚腹。 22 剑柄连同剑刃都刺进去了,肥肉夹住了剑刃。他没有把剑从王的肚腹拔出来,粪便就流出来了[d] 23 以笏出到门廊,把王关在楼门里面,就上了锁。 24 以笏出来之后,王的仆人就来了。他们观看,看哪,楼门锁住,就说:“他必是在阴凉的房间里大解。” 25 他们等得不耐烦,看哪,楼门仍然不开,就拿钥匙打开楼门,看哪,他们的主人已经倒在地上死了。

26 他们耽延的时候,以笏就逃跑了。他经过雕像那里,逃到西伊拉 27 他到了那里,就在以法莲山区吹角。以色列人跟随他从山区下来,他在他们前面引路, 28 对他们说:“紧跟着我!因为耶和华已经把你们的仇敌摩押交在你们手中。”于是他们跟着他下去,占据了摩押对面约旦河的渡口,不准一人过去。 29 那时,他们击杀了约一万摩押人,都是强壮的勇士,连一个也没有逃脱。 30 那日,摩押以色列手下制伏了。于是这地太平八十年。

珊迦

31 以笏之后,有亚拿的儿子珊迦,他用赶牛的棍子打死六百非利士人。他也拯救了以色列

Footnotes

  1. 3.8 “美索不达米亚”或译“两河间的亚兰”。
  2. 3.15 “惯用左手的人”:原文直译“右手绑着的人”;“便雅悯”与“右手”希伯来话发音相近;七十士译本是“左右手兼用的人”;20.16同。
  3. 3.16 “短肘”或译“肘”;参“度量衡表”。
  4. 3.22 “粪便就流出来了”或译“剑就穿通了后身”,或“就从后门出去了”。

These are the nations the Lord left to test(A) all those Israelites who had not experienced any of the wars in Canaan (he did this only to teach warfare to the descendants of the Israelites who had not had previous battle experience): the five(B) rulers of the Philistines,(C) all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites(D) living in the Lebanon mountains from Mount Baal Hermon(E) to Lebo Hamath.(F) They were left to test(G) the Israelites to see whether they would obey the Lord’s commands, which he had given their ancestors through Moses.

The Israelites lived(H) among the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites,(I) Hivites and Jebusites.(J) They took their daughters(K) in marriage and gave their own daughters to their sons, and served their gods.(L)

Othniel

The Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord; they forgot the Lord(M) their God and served the Baals and the Asherahs.(N) The anger of the Lord burned against Israel so that he sold(O) them into the hands of Cushan-Rishathaim(P) king of Aram Naharaim,[a](Q) to whom the Israelites were subject for eight years. But when they cried out(R) to the Lord, he raised up for them a deliverer,(S) Othniel(T) son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, who saved them. 10 The Spirit of the Lord came on him,(U) so that he became Israel’s judge[b] and went to war. The Lord gave Cushan-Rishathaim(V) king of Aram(W) into the hands of Othniel, who overpowered him. 11 So the land had peace(X) for forty years,(Y) until Othniel son of Kenaz(Z) died.

Ehud

12 Again the Israelites did evil in the eyes of the Lord,(AA) and because they did this evil the Lord gave Eglon king of Moab(AB) power over Israel. 13 Getting the Ammonites(AC) and Amalekites(AD) to join him, Eglon came and attacked Israel, and they took possession of the City of Palms.[c](AE) 14 The Israelites were subject to Eglon king of Moab(AF) for eighteen years.

15 Again the Israelites cried out to the Lord, and he gave them a deliverer(AG)—Ehud(AH), a left-handed(AI) man, the son of Gera the Benjamite. The Israelites sent him with tribute(AJ) to Eglon king of Moab. 16 Now Ehud(AK) had made a double-edged sword about a cubit[d] long, which he strapped to his right thigh under his clothing. 17 He presented the tribute(AL) to Eglon king of Moab, who was a very fat man.(AM) 18 After Ehud had presented the tribute, he sent on their way those who had carried it. 19 But on reaching the stone images near Gilgal he himself went back to Eglon and said, “Your Majesty, I have a secret message for you.”

The king said to his attendants, “Leave us!” And they all left.

20 Ehud then approached him while he was sitting alone in the upper room of his palace[e](AN) and said, “I have a message from God for you.” As the king rose(AO) from his seat, 21 Ehud reached with his left hand, drew the sword(AP) from his right thigh and plunged it into the king’s belly. 22 Even the handle sank in after the blade, and his bowels discharged. Ehud did not pull the sword out, and the fat closed in over it. 23 Then Ehud went out to the porch[f]; he shut the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

24 After he had gone, the servants came and found the doors of the upper room locked. They said, “He must be relieving himself(AQ) in the inner room of the palace.” 25 They waited to the point of embarrassment,(AR) but when he did not open the doors of the room, they took a key and unlocked them. There they saw their lord fallen to the floor, dead.

26 While they waited, Ehud got away. He passed by the stone images and escaped to Seirah. 27 When he arrived there, he blew a trumpet(AS) in the hill country of Ephraim, and the Israelites went down with him from the hills, with him leading them.

28 “Follow me,” he ordered, “for the Lord has given Moab,(AT) your enemy, into your hands.(AU)” So they followed him down and took possession of the fords of the Jordan(AV) that led to Moab; they allowed no one to cross over. 29 At that time they struck down about ten thousand Moabites, all vigorous and strong; not one escaped. 30 That day Moab(AW) was made subject to Israel, and the land had peace(AX) for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After Ehud came Shamgar son of Anath,(AY) who struck down six hundred(AZ) Philistines(BA) with an oxgoad. He too saved Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:8 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia
  2. Judges 3:10 Or leader
  3. Judges 3:13 That is, Jericho
  4. Judges 3:16 That is, about 18 inches or about 45 centimeters
  5. Judges 3:20 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain; also in verse 24.
  6. Judges 3:23 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

Chapter 3

Now these are the nations that the Lord left to put Israel to the test through them (that is, all of those who had not experienced the wars in Canaan). This was so that the descendants of the Israelites might learn about war, for up to that time they had not yet experienced it. They were the five lords of the Philistines, all of the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who were living in the mountains of Lebanon between Mount Baal-hermon and Lebo-hamath. They were left there to put Israel to the test to see whether they would obey the commandments of the Lord that the Lord had given them through Moses.

The Israelites lived among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. They took their daughters to be their wives, they gave their own daughters to their sons, and they served their gods.

The Period of the Judges

Othniel’s Conquest.[a] The Israelites did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, forgetting the Lord, their God, and serving the Baals and the Asherahs. The anger of the Lord blazed out against Israel, so he sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishathaim, the king of Aram-naharaim.[b] The Israelites were subjected to Cushan-rishathaim for eight years. When the Israelites cried out to the Lord, the Lord sent the Israelites a liberator. It was Othniel, the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother, and he delivered them. 10 The Spirit of the Lord[c] came upon him, and he became a judge of Israel. He went to war, and the Lord delivered Cushan-rishathaim, the king of Aram-naharaim, into his hands. His hand overpowered Cushan-rishathaim. 11 The land was at peace for forty years, and then Othniel, the son of Kenaz, died.

12 Ehud’s Victory. The Israelites once again did what was evil in the sight of the Lord. Because of the evil they had done in the sight of the Lord, the Lord gave Eglon, the king of Moab, power over Israel. 13 He joined up with the Ammonites and the Amalekites, and they went and attacked Israel, conquering the City of Palms. 14 The Israelites were subjects of Eglon, the king of Moab, for eighteen years.

15 The Israelites cried out to the Lord, and the Lord raised up a liberator for them. He was Ehud, the son of Gera, the Benjaminite, a left-handed man.[d] The Israelites sent him with tribute to Eglon, the king of Moab. 16 Ehud had made a double-edged sword that was one foot[e] long, and he strapped it on under his clothing on his right thigh. 17 He brought the tribute to Eglon. Now Eglon was a very fat man. 18 When he had received the tribute, he dismissed the people who were carrying the tribute. 19 At the idols of Gilgal, he turned back and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.” He said, “Be quiet,” until all his attendants left him. 20 Ehud then approached him while he was sitting alone in the upper room. Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you.” As he got out of his seat, 21 Ehud reached in with his left hand, drew the sword out from his right thigh, and stuck it into his stomach. 22 It went in so far that even the handle of the sword was covered over by fat, and he could not draw the sword out from his stomach. In fact, excrement came out.

23 When Ehud went out onto the porch, he shut and locked the doors to the upper room behind himself. 24 When he left, the servants came back. They saw that the doors to the upper room were locked, and they said, “He must be relieving himself in the summer chamber.” 25 They waited so long that they became anxious, but he still did not open the doors of the upper room. They took a key and opened it, and they found their lord dead on the ground.

26 While they were waiting, Ehud was able to escape. Passing beyond the idols, he hurried to Seirah. 27 When he arrived, he blew a trumpet in the hill country of Ephraim. The Israelites went down with him from the hill country of Ephraim, and he stood in front of them. 28 He said, “Follow me, for the Lord has delivered your enemies, the Moabites, into your hands.” They followed him, and they captured the fords of the Jordan opposite Moab, and they did not let anyone cross over. 29 They slew around ten thousand of the Moabites that day, all of them robust and courageous warriors, and not one of them escaped. 30 Moab was vanquished that day under the hand of Israel, and there was peace in the land for eighty years.

31 Deliverance by Shamgar. He was succeeded by Shamgar,[f] the son of Anath. He killed six hundred Philistines with an oxgoad, and he delivered Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:7 The story of Othniel is typical of the way in which judges or “charismatic” leaders appeared on the scene: they were raised up by God in a difficult situation.
  2. Judges 3:8 Naharaim: meaning two rivers and are the upper Tigris and the upper Euphrates (southern Syria).
  3. Judges 3:10 The Spirit of the Lord: from the very beginning of scripture, God’s Spirit in nature (Gen 1:2) and in individuals is given to do his will for the good of his people. Here Othniel is God’s channel, as are other judges, Gideon (Jdg 6:34) and Jephthah (Jdg 11:29), and later King David (1 Sam 16:13). Jesus, too, is “filled with the Holy Spirit,” (Lk 4:1), as is Elizabeth (Lk 1:41).
  4. Judges 3:15 Left-handed man: this indicates how it was possible for Ehud to have access to his weapon that was concealed on his right thigh (3:21).
  5. Judges 3:16 Foot: Hebrew, gomed; a measure mentioned only here; its value cannot be determined; usually translated as “cubit.”
  6. Judges 3:31 Shamgar: one of the “minor” judges. But the distinction between “major” and “minor” is due more to the lack of information about the “minor” judges than to the lesser importance of the individuals themselves.

The Nations Remaining in the Land

Now these are (A)the nations which the Lord left, that He might test Israel by them, that is, all who had not [a]known any of the wars in Canaan (this was only so that the generations of the children of Israel might be taught to know war, at least those who had not formerly known it), namely, (B)five lords of the Philistines, all the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who dwelt in Mount Lebanon, from Mount Baal Hermon to the entrance of Hamath. And they were left, that He might test Israel by them, to [b]know whether they would obey the commandments of the Lord, which He had commanded their fathers by the hand of Moses.

(C)Thus the children of Israel dwelt among the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites. And (D)they took their daughters to be their wives, and gave their daughters to their sons; and they served their gods.

Othniel

So the children of Israel did (E)evil in the sight of the Lord. They (F)forgot the Lord their God, and served the Baals and [c]Asherahs. Therefore the anger of the Lord was hot against Israel, and He (G)sold them into the hand of (H)Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia; and the children of Israel served Cushan-Rishathaim eight years. When the children of Israel (I)cried out to the Lord, the Lord (J)raised up a deliverer for the children of Israel, who delivered them: (K)Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb’s younger brother. 10 (L)The Spirit of the Lord came upon him, and he judged Israel. He went out to war, and the Lord delivered Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia into his hand; and his hand prevailed over Cushan-Rishathaim. 11 So the land had rest for forty years. Then Othniel the son of Kenaz died.

Ehud

12 (M)And the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the Lord. So the Lord strengthened (N)Eglon king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the Lord. 13 Then he gathered to himself the people of Ammon and (O)Amalek, went and [d]defeated Israel, and took possession of (P)the City of Palms. 14 So the children of Israel (Q)served Eglon king of Moab eighteen years.

15 But when the children of Israel (R)cried out to the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer for them: Ehud the son of Gera, the Benjamite, a (S)left-handed man. By him the children of Israel sent tribute to Eglon king of Moab. 16 Now Ehud made himself a dagger (it was double-edged and a cubit in length) and fastened it under his clothes on his right thigh. 17 So he brought the tribute to Eglon king of Moab. (Now Eglon was a very fat man.) 18 And when he had finished presenting the tribute, he sent away the people who had carried the tribute. 19 But he himself turned back (T)from the [e]stone images that were at Gilgal, and said, “I have a secret message for you, O king.”

He said, “Keep silence!” And all who attended him went out from him.

20 So Ehud came to him (now he was sitting upstairs in his cool private chamber). Then Ehud said, “I have a message from God for you.” So he arose from his seat. 21 Then Ehud reached with his left hand, took the dagger from his right thigh, and thrust it into his belly. 22 Even the [f]hilt went in after the blade, and the fat closed over the blade, for he did not draw the dagger out of his belly; and his entrails came out. 23 Then Ehud went out through the porch and shut the doors of the upper room behind him and locked them.

24 When he had gone out, [g]Eglon’s servants came to look, and to their surprise, the doors of the upper room were locked. So they said, “He is probably (U)attending[h] to his needs in the cool chamber.” 25 So they waited till they were (V)embarrassed, and still he had not opened the doors of the upper room. Therefore they took the key and opened them. And there was their master, fallen dead on the floor.

26 But Ehud had escaped while they delayed, and passed beyond the [i]stone images and escaped to Seirah. 27 And it happened, when he arrived, that (W)he blew the trumpet in the (X)mountains of Ephraim, and the children of Israel went down with him from the mountains; and [j]he led them. 28 Then he said to them, “Follow me, for (Y)the Lord has delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hand.” So they went down after him, seized the (Z)fords of the Jordan leading to Moab, and did not allow anyone to cross over. 29 And at that time they killed about ten thousand men of Moab, all stout men of valor; not a man escaped. 30 So Moab was subdued that day under the hand of Israel. And (AA)the land had rest for eighty years.

Shamgar

31 After him was (AB)Shamgar the son of Anath, who killed six hundred men of the Philistines (AC)with an ox goad; (AD)and he also delivered (AE)Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judges 3:1 experienced
  2. Judges 3:4 find out
  3. Judges 3:7 Name or symbol for Canaanite goddesses
  4. Judges 3:13 struck
  5. Judges 3:19 Tg. quarries
  6. Judges 3:22 handle
  7. Judges 3:24 Lit. his
  8. Judges 3:24 Lit. covering his feet
  9. Judges 3:26 Tg. quarries
  10. Judges 3:27 Lit. he went before them