出埃及 21
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
如何对待奴仆
21 “你要向百姓颁布下列法令。 2 你若买一个希伯来人当奴仆，他必须服侍你六年，到第七年便可以获得自由，不用支付任何赎金。 3 倘若买他的时候，他是单身，那么期满的时候，他可以单身离开。如果他跟妻子一同被买，就可以带妻子一起离开。 4 倘若主人给他娶了妻，妻子生了儿女，那么期满的时候，他只能单独离开，他的妻儿要归主人。 5 倘若奴仆说，‘我爱我的主人和我的妻子儿女，我不愿意离开他们做自由人。’ 6 主人就要带他到审判官面前，让他靠着门或门框，用锥子为他穿耳洞。这样，他就要永远服侍主人。 7 倘若有人把女儿卖为奴婢，她不可像男仆那样离开。 8 倘若买她的主人本想把她留在身边，后来却不喜欢她，就应当让她赎身。主人无权把她转卖给外族人，因为是主人对她不守信用。 9 倘若是买来给自己的儿子，就要把她当作自己的女儿一般看待。 10 倘若有人娶了奴婢为妻，后来又另娶，他还是要照常供给她饭食和衣服，并履行同房的义务。 11 倘若主人不履行以上的三个条件，奴婢就可以随时离开，不用缴付任何赎金。
如何处理人身伤害
12 “打人致死的，必须被处死。 13 倘若不是故意杀人，而是上帝许可那人死在他手里，他就可以逃往我指定的地方。 14 倘若是蓄意杀人，就算他逃到我的祭坛那里，也要把他拉出来处死。 15 殴打父母的，必须被处死。 16 绑架他人贩卖或自用的，必须被处死。 17 咒骂父母的，必须被处死。 18 倘若斗殴时一方用拳头或石块致另一方受伤、躺卧在床，但不至于死， 19 日后能起床扶着拐杖走路，伤人者便不算有罪，但要赔偿受伤者停工期间的损失，并要负责医好他。
20 “倘若有人用棍子打他的仆婢，导致他们当场死亡，他必须受惩罚。 21 倘若伤者过了一两天才死去，主人就可免刑，因为死者是他的财产。 22 倘若有人彼此斗殴，伤了孕妇，导致早产，但未造成其他伤害，伤人者要按她丈夫所要求的金额，经审判官判定以后，如数赔偿。 23 倘若孕妇身体其他部位也受了伤，伤人者就要以命偿命， 24 以眼还眼，以牙还牙，以手还手，以脚还脚， 25 以烧伤还烧伤，以创伤还创伤，以殴打还殴打。
26 “主人若打坏仆婢的一只眼睛，就要因仆婢眼睛受伤而使仆婢得自由。 27 同样，倘若他打掉了仆婢的一颗牙齿，也要因此而释放他。
28 “倘若有牛抵死了人，要用石头打死那头牛，并且不可吃它的肉，牛的主人可算无罪。 29 但倘若牛常常用角伤人，并且已经有人向牛的主人投诉，他却不拴好牛，以致牛抵死了人，就要用石块打死牛，并处死主人。 30 若判他以罚款抵命，不论金额多少，他都得照付。 31 牛若抵死了别人的儿女，也要照以上的条例办理。 32 牛若抵死了别人的仆婢，牛的主人要赔三百三十克银子[a]给那仆婢的主人，并要用石头打死牛。 33 倘若有人打开井盖或挖了井后不把井口盖好，以致有牛或驴掉进井里， 34 井的主人就要赔偿牲畜的主人，死牲畜则归井的主人。 35 倘若某人的牛抵死了别人的牛，两家的主人就要卖掉活牛，平分所得，同时也要平分那头死掉的牛。 36 倘若素知牛好抵，主人却没有拴好它，他就要以牛还牛，死牛则归他。
Footnotes
- 21:32 三百三十克银子约是当时一个奴仆的身价。
Éxodo 21
Nueva Biblia de las Américas
Leyes sobre la esclavitud
21 »Estas son las ordenanzas que pondrás delante de ellos(A). 2 Si compras un siervo hebreo(B), te servirá seis años, pero al séptimo saldrá libre sin pagar nada. 3 Si entró solo[a], saldrá solo[b]. Si tenía mujer, entonces su mujer saldrá con él. 4 Si su amo le da mujer, y ella le da hijos o hijas, la mujer y sus hijos serán de su amo, y él saldrá solo[c]. 5 Pero si el siervo insiste y dice: “Amo a mi señor(C), a mi mujer y a mis hijos. No saldré libre”, 6 entonces su amo lo traerá a Dios[d], lo traerá a la puerta o al poste de la puerta, y su amo le horadará la oreja con una lezna, y él le servirá para siempre(D).
7 »Si alguien vende a su hija como sierva(E), ella no saldrá libre como salen los siervos(F). 8 Si ella no le gusta a[e] su amo que la había destinado para sí[f], permitirá que sea redimida. Pero no podrá venderla a un pueblo extranjero, por haberla tratado con engaño. 9 Si la destina para su hijo, la tratará conforme a la costumbre de las hijas. 10 Si toma para sí otra mujer, no disminuirá a la primera su alimento[g], ni su ropa, ni sus derechos conyugales(G). 11 Y si no hace por ella estas tres cosas, entonces ella saldrá libre sin pagar nada.
Leyes sobre el homicidio y la violencia
12 »El que hiera de muerte a otro, ciertamente morirá(H). 13 Pero si[h] no estaba al acecho, sino que Dios permitió que cayera en sus manos(I), entonces yo te señalaré un lugar donde pueda refugiarse(J). 14 Sin embargo, si alguien se enfurece contra su prójimo para matarlo con alevosía, lo tomarás aun de Mi altar para que muera(K).
15 »El que hiera a su padre o a su madre, ciertamente morirá.
16 »El que secuestre[i] a una persona(L), ya sea que la venda o sea hallada en su poder[j], ciertamente morirá.
17 »El que maldiga a su padre o a su madre, ciertamente morirá(M).
18 »Si dos hombres riñen y uno hiere al otro con una piedra o con el puño, y no muere, pero guarda cama, 19 y[k] se levanta y anda afuera con su bastón, el que lo hirió será absuelto. Solo pagará por su tiempo perdido[l], y lo cuidará hasta que esté completamente curado[m].
20 »Si alguien hiere a su siervo o a su sierva con una vara, y muere bajo su mano, será castigado[n]. 21 Sin embargo, si sobrevive[o] uno o dos días, no se tomará venganza, porque es propiedad suya[p](N).
22 »Si algunos hombres luchan entre sí y golpean a una mujer encinta, y ella aborta[q], sin haber otro daño, ciertamente el culpable será multado según lo que el esposo de la mujer demande de él[r]. Pagará según lo que los jueces decidan[s](O). 23 Pero si hubiera algún otro daño, entonces pondrás como castigo, vida por vida(P), 24 ojo por ojo, diente por diente, mano por mano, pie por pie(Q), 25 quemadura por quemadura, herida por herida, golpe[t] por golpe[u].
Leyes para amos y propietarios
26 »Si alguien hiere el ojo de su siervo o de su sierva y se lo inutiliza, lo dejará ir libre a causa del ojo. 27 Y si hace saltar[v] un diente a su siervo o a su sierva, lo dejará ir libre a causa del diente.
28 »Si un buey acornea a un hombre o a una mujer, y le causa la muerte, ciertamente el buey será apedreado y su carne no se comerá(R); pero el dueño del buey no será castigado. 29 Sin embargo, si el buey tenía desde antes el hábito de acornear, y su dueño había sido advertido[w], pero no lo había encerrado, y mata a un hombre o a una mujer, el buey será apedreado, y su dueño también morirá. 30 Si se le impone precio de rescate, entonces dará por la redención de su vida lo que se demande de él[x]. 31 Si acornea a un hijo o a una hija[y], será enjuiciado según la misma ley[z]. 32 Si el buey acornea a un siervo o a una sierva, el dueño dará a su amo treinta siclos (342 gramos) de plata(S), y el buey será apedreado.
33 »Si alguien destapa un pozo, o cava[aa] un pozo y no lo cubre, y cae en él un buey o un asno, 34 el dueño del pozo hará restitución. Dará[ab] dinero a su dueño, y el animal muerto será suyo.
35 »Si el buey de alguien hiere al buey de otro y le causa la muerte, entonces venderán el buey vivo y se dividirán el dinero[ac], y se dividirán también el buey muerto. 36 Pero si sabía que el buey tenía desde antes el hábito de acornear y su dueño no lo había encerrado, ciertamente pagará buey por buey, y el buey muerto será suyo.
Footnotes
- 21:3 Lit. por sí mismo.
- 21:3 Lit. por sí mismo.
- 21:4 Lit. por sí mismo.
- 21:6 O a los jueces que juzgaban en nombre de Dios.
- 21:8 Lit. Si es mala a los ojos de.
- 21:8 Así en algunas versiones antiguas; en heb. que no la designó.
- 21:10 Lit. carne.
- 21:13 Lit. el que.
- 21:16 Lit. robe.
- 21:16 Lit. mano.
- 21:19 Lit. si.
- 21:19 Lit. su sentarse.
- 21:19 Lit. y curando hará que cure.
- 21:20 Lit. sufrirá venganza.
- 21:21 Lit. permanece.
- 21:21 Lit. dinero suyo.
- 21:22 Lit. sus hijos salen.
- 21:22 Lit. ponga sobre él.
- 21:22 Lit. mediante arbitrio.
- 21:25 Lit. verdugón.
- 21:25 Lit. verdugón.
- 21:27 Lit. caer.
- 21:29 Lit. testificado.
- 21:30 Lit. se le imponga.
- 21:31 Lit. o acornea a una hija.
- 21:31 Lit. este juicio.
- 21:33 Lit. o si alguno cava.
- 21:34 Lit. devolverá.
- 21:35 O su precio.
Exodus 21
Easy-to-Read Version
Other Laws and Commands
21 Then God said to Moses, “These are the other laws that you will give to the people:
2 “If you buy a Hebrew[a] slave, then that slave will serve for only six years. After six years, he will be free, and he will have to pay nothing. 3 If he is not married when he becomes your slave, when he becomes free, he will leave without a wife. But if the man is married when he becomes your slave, then he will keep his wife at the time he is made free. 4 If the slave is not married, the master can give him a wife. If that wife gives birth to sons or daughters, she and her children will belong to the master. After the slave is finished with his years of service, he will be made free.
5 “But if the slave decides that he wants to stay with the master, he must say, ‘I love my master. I love my wife and my children. I will not become free—I will stay.’ 6 If this happens, the master will bring the slave before God.[b] The master will take the slave to a door or the wooden frame around the door and pierce the slave’s ear using a sharp tool to show that the slave will serve that master for all his life.
7 “A man might decide to sell his daughter as a slave. If this happens, the rules for making her free are not the same as the rules for making the men slaves free. 8 If the master who chose her for himself is not pleased with her, then he can sell the woman back to her father. If the master broke his promise to marry her, he loses the right to sell her to other people. 9 If the master promised to let the slave woman marry his son, he must treat her like a daughter, not like a slave.
10 “If the master marries another woman, he must not give less food or clothing to the first wife. And he must continue to give her what she has a right to have in marriage. 11 The man must do these three things for her. If he does not, the woman is made free, and it will cost her nothing. She owes no money to the man.
12 “Whoever hits and kills someone must be killed too. 13 But if an accident happens, and a person kills someone without planning it, then God allowed that thing to happen. I will choose some special places where people can run to for safety. So that person can run to one of those places. 14 But whoever plans to kill someone out of anger or hatred must be punished. Take them away from my altar[c] and kill them.
15 “Whoever hits their father or their mother must be killed.
16 “Whoever steals someone to sell them as a slave or to keep them for their own slave must be killed.
17 “Whoever curses their father or mother must be killed.
18 “Two men might argue and one might hit the other with a rock or with his fist. If the man who was hurt is not killed, the man who hurt him should not be killed. 19 If the man was hurt and must stay in bed for some time, the man who hurt him must support him. The man who hurt him must pay for the loss of his time. He must support him until he is completely healed.
20 “Sometimes people beat their slaves. If the slave dies after being beaten, the killer must be punished. 21 But if the slave gets up after a few days, then the master will not be punished.[d] That is because someone paid their money for the slave, and the slave belongs to them.
22 “Two men might be fighting and hurt a pregnant woman. This might make the woman give birth to her baby before its time. If the woman was not hurt badly,[e] the man who hurt her must pay a fine. The woman’s husband will decide how much the man must pay. The judges will help the man decide how much the fine will be. 23 But if the woman was hurt badly, then the man who hurt her must be punished. The punishment must fit the crime. You must trade one life for another life. 24 You must trade an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, a hand for a hand, a foot for a foot, 25 a burn for a burn, a bruise for a bruise, a cut for a cut.
26 “If a man hits a slave in the eye, and the slave is blinded in that eye, then the slave will be allowed to go free. His eye is the payment for his freedom. This is the same for a man or a woman slave. 27 If a master hits his slave in the mouth, and the slave loses a tooth, then the slave will be allowed to go free. The slave’s tooth is payment for the slave’s freedom. This is the same for a man or a woman slave.
28 “If a man’s bull kills a man or woman, then you should use stones and kill that bull. You should not eat the bull. The owner of the bull is not guilty. 29 But if the bull had hurt people in the past, and if the owner was warned, then the owner is guilty. That is because he did not keep the bull tied or locked in its place. So if the bull is allowed to be free and kills someone, the owner is guilty. You should kill the bull with stones and also kill the owner. 30 But the family of the dead man may accept money. If they accept money, the man who owned the bull should not be killed. But he must pay as much money as the judge decides.
31 “This same law must be followed if the bull kills someone’s son or daughter. 32 But if the bull kills a slave, the owner of the animal must pay the master 30 pieces of silver.[f] And the bull must also be killed with stones. This law will be the same for men and women slaves.
33 “A man might take a cover off a well or dig a hole and not cover it. If another man’s animal comes and falls into that hole, the man who owns the hole is guilty. 34 The man who owns the hole must pay for the animal. But after he pays for the animal, he will be allowed to keep the body of that animal.
35 “If one man’s bull kills another man’s bull, they should sell the bull that is alive. Both men will get half of the money that comes from selling the bull, and both men will also get half of the bull that was killed. 36 But if a man’s bull has hurt other animals in the past, that owner is responsible for his bull. If his bull kills another bull, he is guilty because he allowed the bull to be free. That man must pay bull for bull. He must trade his bull for the bull that was killed.
Footnotes
- Exodus 21:2 Hebrew Or “Israelite.”
- Exodus 21:6 before God Or “before the judges.”
- Exodus 21:14 altar It was one of the special places an innocent person could run to for safety. See “altar” in the Word List.
- Exodus 21:21 punished Or “punished for murder.”
- Exodus 21:22 hurt badly Or “killed.”
- Exodus 21:32 30 pieces of silver The price for a new slave.
Chinese Contemporary Bible Copyright © 1979, 2005, 2007, 2011 by Biblica® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.
Nueva Biblia de las Américas™ NBLA™ Copyright © 2005 por The Lockman Foundation
Copyright © 2006 by Bible League International