Ester 9-10
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Triunfo de los judíos
9 El día trece del mes doce, es decir, el mes de Adar, el mismo día en que debían cumplirse los dos decretos del rey (día en que los enemigos de los judíos tenían esperanza de vencerlos, y sucedió todo lo contrario), 2 los judíos se reunieron en sus ciudades, a través de todas las provincias del rey, para defenderse contra los que pudieran tratar de hacerles daño. Pero nadie se atrevió, porque sentían gran temor. 3 Y todos los funcionarios de las provincias, gobernadores, oficiales y cortesanos, ayudaban a los judíos por temor de Mardoqueo. 4 Porque Mardoqueo era ahora un hombre muy importante en el palacio del rey, y su fama se extendía por todas las provincias, pues se hacía cada vez más poderoso.
5 Los judíos cumplieron con el decreto el día señalado y mataron a todos sus enemigos. 6 Mataron a quinientos hombres en Susa. 7-10 También dieron muerte a diez hijos de Amán hijo de Hamedata, enemigo de los judíos. Estos son sus nombres: Parsandata, Dalfón, Aspata, Porata, Adalías, Aridata, Parmasta, Arisay, Ariday y Vaizata, pero no se apoderaron de sus bienes.
11 Ese mismo día el rey se enteró del número de personas muertas en Susa. 12 Entonces llamó a la reina Ester y le dijo:
―Tan solo en la ciudad de Susa los judíos han dado muerte a quinientos hombres y también mataron a los diez hijos de Amán. Si esto han hecho aquí, me pregunto ¿qué habrá ocurrido en el resto de las provincias? ¿Qué más deseas? También te será concedido. Dímelo y te lo daré.
13 Y Ester dijo:
―Si Su Majestad está de acuerdo, le pido que permita que los judíos que están en Susa hagan mañana nuevamente lo que han hecho hoy, y ordene que los diez hijos de Amán sean colgados en horcas.
14 El rey le concedió la petición. El decreto fue promulgado en Susa, y colgaron los cadáveres de los diez hijos de Amán. 15 Entonces los judíos de Susa se reunieron también el día catorce del mes de Adar, y dieron muerte a otros trescientos hombres, pero no se apoderaron de sus propiedades.
16 Mientras tanto, los judíos de las demás provincias del imperio se habían reunido también para defender sus vidas y habían destruido a sus enemigos, dando muerte a setenta y cinco mil personas que los odiaban. Pero no se apoderaron de sus bienes. 17 Esto ocurrió el día trece del mes de Adar, y al día siguiente reposaron, y celebraron la victoria con fiestas y alegría.
Celebración de Purim
18 Pero los judíos de Susa siguieron dando muerte a sus enemigos el segundo día también, así que descansaron el día quince, y lo celebraron con una gran fiesta. 19 Por esto es que los judíos de los pueblos sin murallas de todo Israel celebran la fiesta el día catorce del mes de Adar, y es entonces cuando se alegran y se hacen regalos unos a otros.
20 Mardoqueo escribió la historia de todos estos sucesos, y envió cartas a los judíos de cerca y de lejos, a través de todas las provincias del rey, 21 pidiéndoles que establecieran una festividad anual los días catorce y quince del mes de Adar, 22 para celebrar con fiestas, alegría y regalos este día histórico en que los judíos fueron salvados de sus enemigos, cuando su llanto se convirtió en alegría, y sus lamentos en felicidad.
23 Los judíos adoptaron la sugerencia de Mardoqueo y comenzaron esta festividad anual 24-25 como recordatorio de la ocasión en que Amán hijo de Hamedata, el agagueo, enemigo de todos los judíos, había tramado destruirlos en una fecha que determinaron tras haber echado suertes, y para recordar que cuando Ester se lo contó al rey, este emitió un edicto a fin de que el plan de Amán se volviera en su contra, y él y sus hijos fueron colgados en la horca. 26 Esta fiesta se llama «Purim», porque la palabra pur, en idioma persa, significa «echar suertes». Así que los judíos acordaron celebrar esta fiesta de acuerdo con lo ordenado por Mardoqueo, y por todo lo que habían tenido que sufrir y ver. 27 Todos los judíos del reino estuvieron de acuerdo en comenzar esta tradición y comunicarla a sus descendientes y a todos los que se convirtieran en judíos. Declararon que jamás dejarían de celebrar estos dos días. 28 Sería un acontecimiento que celebrarían anualmente, de generación en generación, todas las familias judías del mundo, para que la comunidad judía no olvidara jamás lo que ocurrió.
29-31 La reina Ester, hija de Abijaíl, y Mardoqueo escribieron esta segunda carta, para confirmar plenamente los días en que debía celebrarse la fiesta anual de Purim. Las cartas fueron enviadas a todos los judíos que vivían en las ciento veintisiete provincias del reino de Asuero, con mensajes de buena voluntad y de aliento para confirmar la celebración anual de estos dos días de Purim, decretada por Mardoqueo el judío y por la reina Ester. Además, les daban instrucciones en cuanto a la obligación de ayunar y de guardar luto. 32 Así que el decreto de Ester confirmó estas fechas, y fue registrado como ley.
Grandeza de Mardoqueo
10 El rey Asuero no sólo impuso tributo a los países que estaban sobre tierra firme, sino también a los que quedaban sobre las islas del mar. 2 Sus grandes hechos, y también un relato completo de la grandeza de Mardoqueo y de los honores que le dio el rey están escritos en el libro de las crónicas de los reyes de Media y de Persia. 3 El judío Mardoqueo fue primer ministro con autoridad muy cercana a la del mismo rey Asuero. Por supuesto, él fue muy grande entre los judíos, y lo respetaban todos sus compatriotas, porque hacía todo cuanto podía por su pueblo, y se preocupaba por el bienestar de todos ellos.
Esther 9-10
New International Version
9 On the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, the month of Adar,(A) the edict commanded by the king was to be carried out. On this day the enemies of the Jews had hoped to overpower them, but now the tables were turned and the Jews got the upper hand(B) over those who hated them.(C) 2 The Jews assembled in their cities(D) in all the provinces of King Xerxes to attack those determined to destroy them. No one could stand against them,(E) because the people of all the other nationalities were afraid of them. 3 And all the nobles of the provinces, the satraps, the governors and the king’s administrators helped the Jews,(F) because fear of Mordecai had seized them.(G) 4 Mordecai(H) was prominent(I) in the palace; his reputation spread throughout the provinces, and he became more and more powerful.(J)
5 The Jews struck down all their enemies with the sword, killing and destroying them,(K) and they did what they pleased to those who hated them. 6 In the citadel of Susa, the Jews killed and destroyed five hundred men. 7 They also killed Parshandatha, Dalphon, Aspatha, 8 Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha, 9 Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai and Vaizatha, 10 the ten sons(L) of Haman son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews.(M) But they did not lay their hands on the plunder.(N)
11 The number of those killed in the citadel of Susa was reported to the king that same day. 12 The king said to Queen Esther, “The Jews have killed and destroyed five hundred men and the ten sons of Haman in the citadel of Susa. What have they done in the rest of the king’s provinces? Now what is your petition? It will be given you. What is your request? It will also be granted.”(O)
13 “If it pleases the king,” Esther answered, “give the Jews in Susa permission to carry out this day’s edict tomorrow also, and let Haman’s ten sons(P) be impaled(Q) on poles.”
14 So the king commanded that this be done. An edict was issued in Susa, and they impaled(R) the ten sons of Haman. 15 The Jews in Susa came together on the fourteenth day of the month of Adar, and they put to death in Susa three hundred men, but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.(S)
16 Meanwhile, the remainder of the Jews who were in the king’s provinces also assembled to protect themselves and get relief(T) from their enemies.(U) They killed seventy-five thousand of them(V) but did not lay their hands on the plunder.(W) 17 This happened on the thirteenth day of the month of Adar, and on the fourteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting(X) and joy.
18 The Jews in Susa, however, had assembled on the thirteenth and fourteenth, and then on the fifteenth they rested and made it a day of feasting and joy.
19 That is why rural Jews—those living in villages—observe the fourteenth of the month of Adar(Y) as a day of joy and feasting, a day for giving presents to each other.(Z)
Purim Established
20 Mordecai recorded these events, and he sent letters to all the Jews throughout the provinces of King Xerxes, near and far, 21 to have them celebrate annually the fourteenth and fifteenth days of the month of Adar 22 as the time when the Jews got relief(AA) from their enemies, and as the month when their sorrow was turned into joy and their mourning into a day of celebration.(AB) He wrote them to observe the days as days of feasting and joy and giving presents of food(AC) to one another and gifts to the poor.(AD)
23 So the Jews agreed to continue the celebration they had begun, doing what Mordecai had written to them. 24 For Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite,(AE) the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them and had cast the pur(AF) (that is, the lot(AG)) for their ruin and destruction.(AH) 25 But when the plot came to the king’s attention,[a] he issued written orders that the evil scheme Haman had devised against the Jews should come back onto his own head,(AI) and that he and his sons should be impaled(AJ) on poles.(AK) 26 (Therefore these days were called Purim, from the word pur.(AL)) Because of everything written in this letter and because of what they had seen and what had happened to them, 27 the Jews took it on themselves to establish the custom that they and their descendants and all who join them should without fail observe these two days every year, in the way prescribed and at the time appointed. 28 These days should be remembered and observed in every generation by every family, and in every province and in every city. And these days of Purim should never fail to be celebrated by the Jews—nor should the memory of these days die out among their descendants.
29 So Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail,(AM) along with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter concerning Purim. 30 And Mordecai sent letters to all the Jews in the 127 provinces(AN) of Xerxes’ kingdom—words of goodwill and assurance— 31 to establish these days of Purim at their designated times, as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had decreed for them, and as they had established for themselves and their descendants in regard to their times of fasting(AO) and lamentation.(AP) 32 Esther’s decree confirmed these regulations about Purim, and it was written down in the records.
The Greatness of Mordecai
10 King Xerxes imposed tribute throughout the empire, to its distant shores.(AQ) 2 And all his acts of power and might, together with a full account of the greatness of Mordecai,(AR) whom the king had promoted,(AS) are they not written in the book of the annals(AT) of the kings of Media and Persia? 3 Mordecai the Jew was second(AU) in rank(AV) to King Xerxes,(AW) preeminent among the Jews, and held in high esteem by his many fellow Jews, because he worked for the good of his people and spoke up for the welfare of all the Jews.(AX)
Footnotes
- Esther 9:25 Or when Esther came before the king
Esther 9-10
King James Version
9 Now in the twelfth month, that is, the month Adar, on the thirteenth day of the same, when the king's commandment and his decree drew near to be put in execution, in the day that the enemies of the Jews hoped to have power over them, (though it was turned to the contrary, that the Jews had rule over them that hated them;)
2 The Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt: and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them fell upon all people.
3 And all the rulers of the provinces, and the lieutenants, and the deputies, and officers of the king, helped the Jews; because the fear of Mordecai fell upon them.
4 For Mordecai was great in the king's house, and his fame went out throughout all the provinces: for this man Mordecai waxed greater and greater.
5 Thus the Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword, and slaughter, and destruction, and did what they would unto those that hated them.
6 And in Shushan the palace the Jews slew and destroyed five hundred men.
7 And Parshandatha, and Dalphon, and Aspatha,
8 And Poratha, and Adalia, and Aridatha,
9 And Parmashta, and Arisai, and Aridai, and Vajezatha,
10 The ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of the Jews, slew they; but on the spoil laid they not their hand.
11 On that day the number of those that were slain in Shushan the palace was brought before the king.
12 And the king said unto Esther the queen, The Jews have slain and destroyed five hundred men in Shushan the palace, and the ten sons of Haman; what have they done in the rest of the king's provinces? now what is thy petition? and it shall be granted thee: or what is thy request further? and it shall be done.
13 Then said Esther, If it please the king, let it be granted to the Jews which are in Shushan to do to morrow also according unto this day's decree, and let Haman's ten sons be hanged upon the gallows.
14 And the king commanded it so to be done: and the decree was given at Shushan; and they hanged Haman's ten sons.
15 For the Jews that were in Shushan gathered themselves together on the fourteenth day also of the month Adar, and slew three hundred men at Shushan; but on the prey they laid not their hand.
16 But the other Jews that were in the king's provinces gathered themselves together, and stood for their lives, and had rest from their enemies, and slew of their foes seventy and five thousand, but they laid not their hands on the prey,
17 On the thirteenth day of the month Adar; and on the fourteenth day of the same rested they, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.
18 But the Jews that were at Shushan assembled together on the thirteenth day thereof, and on the fourteenth thereof; and on the fifteenth day of the same they rested, and made it a day of feasting and gladness.
19 Therefore the Jews of the villages, that dwelt in the unwalled towns, made the fourteenth day of the month Adar a day of gladness and feasting, and a good day, and of sending portions one to another.
20 And Mordecai wrote these things, and sent letters unto all the Jews that were in all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, both nigh and far,
21 To stablish this among them, that they should keep the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same, yearly,
22 As the days wherein the Jews rested from their enemies, and the month which was turned unto them from sorrow to joy, and from mourning into a good day: that they should make them days of feasting and joy, and of sending portions one to another, and gifts to the poor.
23 And the Jews undertook to do as they had begun, and as Mordecai had written unto them;
24 Because Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, the enemy of all the Jews, had devised against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur, that is, the lot, to consume them, and to destroy them;
25 But when Esther came before the king, he commanded by letters that his wicked device, which he devised against the Jews, should return upon his own head, and that he and his sons should be hanged on the gallows.
26 Wherefore they called these days Purim after the name of Pur. Therefore for all the words of this letter, and of that which they had seen concerning this matter, and which had come unto them,
27 The Jews ordained, and took upon them, and upon their seed, and upon all such as joined themselves unto them, so as it should not fail, that they would keep these two days according to their writing, and according to their appointed time every year;
28 And that these days should be remembered and kept throughout every generation, every family, every province, and every city; and that these days of Purim should not fail from among the Jews, nor the memorial of them perish from their seed.
29 Then Esther the queen, the daughter of Abihail, and Mordecai the Jew, wrote with all authority, to confirm this second letter of Purim.
30 And he sent the letters unto all the Jews, to the hundred twenty and seven provinces of the kingdom of Ahasuerus, with words of peace and truth,
31 To confirm these days of Purim in their times appointed, according as Mordecai the Jew and Esther the queen had enjoined them, and as they had decreed for themselves and for their seed, the matters of the fastings and their cry.
32 And the decree of Esther confirmed these matters of Purim; and it was written in the book.
10 And the king Ahasuerus laid a tribute upon the land, and upon the isles of the sea.
2 And all the acts of his power and of his might, and the declaration of the greatness of Mordecai, whereunto the king advanced him, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Media and Persia?
3 For Mordecai the Jew was next unto king Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews, and accepted of the multitude of his brethren, seeking the wealth of his people, and speaking peace to all his seed.
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