Historical
David Wants to Build a Temple(A)
7 King David was living in his ·palace [L house], and the Lord had given him ·peace [L rest] from all his enemies ·around [L sur-rounding] him [Deut. 12:10; C apparently a sign that the conquest of Canaan was complete and the Temple should be built]. 2 Then David said to Nathan the prophet, “Look, I am living in a ·palace [L house] made of cedar wood, but the Ark of God ·is [stays; dwells] in a tent!”
3 Nathan said to the king, “Go and do what you ·really want to do [L have in your mind/heart], because the Lord is with you.”
4 But that night the ·Lord spoke his word [L word of the Lord came] to Nathan, 5 “Go and tell my servant David, ‘·This is what the Lord says: ·Will you [Are you the one to] build a house for me to ·live [dwell] in? 6 From the time I brought the Israelites out of Egypt until ·now [L this day] I have not ·lived [dwelt] in a house. I have been moving around all this time with a tent ·as my home [or and a tabernacle]. 7 As I have moved with the Israelites, ·I have never [L have I ever] said to ·the tribes [any of the tribal leaders], whom I commanded to ·take care of [shepherd] my people Israel, “Why haven’t you built me a house of cedar?” ’
8 “You must tell my servant David, ‘This is what the Lord ·All-Powerful [of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts] says: I took you from the pasture and from ·tending [following] the sheep and made you ·leader [ruler; prince] of my people Israel. 9 I have been with you everywhere you have gone and have ·defeated [destroyed; L cut off] your enemies for you. I will make ·you as famous [L for you a name as great] as any of the great people on the earth. 10 Also I will ·choose [appoint; provide] a place for my people Israel, and I will plant them ·so they can live in their own homes [L to dwell in their own place]. They will not be bothered anymore. Wicked people will no longer ·bother [afflict; oppress] them as they have in the past 11 when I ·chose [appointed; commanded; instituted] judges for my people Israel. But I will give you ·peace [L rest] from all your enemies. ·I also tell you [L The Lord also declares] that ·I [L the Lord] will ·make your descendants kings of Israel after [L establish a house/dynasty for] you.
12 “‘When ·you die [L your days are complete/fulfilled/over] and ·join [you lie down/are buried with] your ancestors, I will ·make one of your sons the next king [L raise up your descendant/offspring after you; C Solomon; 1 Kin. 1–2], and I will ·set up [establish] his kingdom. 13 He will build a house [C the Temple; 1 Kin. 6–7] for ·me [L my name], and I will ·let his kingdom rule always [L establish the throne of his kingdom forever]. 14 I will be his father, and he will be my son [Ps. 2:7]. When he ·sins [does wrong], I ·will use other people to punish him. They will be my whips [L …correct/discipline him with the rod of/used by men and the whippings/blows used by humans]. 15 I took away my ·love [favor; faithful love] from Saul, whom I removed before you, but I will never stop loving your son. 16 But your ·family [L house] and your kingdom will ·continue [endure] always before me. Your throne will ·last [L be established/secure] forever.’”
17 Nathan told David ·everything God had said in [all these words of] this vision.
David Prays to God
18 Then King David went in and sat ·in front of [before; in the presence of] the Lord. David said, “Lord God, who am I? What is my ·family [L house]? Why did you bring me ·to this point [this far]? 19 But even this ·is not enough for you [L was a small thing in your eyes], Lord God. You have also ·made promises about my future family [spoken about the future of my house]. ·This is extraordinary [So it is with humanity; or This is a decree/instruction/charter for the people/humanity], Lord God.
20 “What more can I say to you, Lord God, since you know me, your servant, so well! 21 You have done ·this great thing [L all this greatness] ·because you said you would [L for the sake of your word/promise] and ·because you wanted to [L according to your will/heart], and you have ·let me know about it [made it known to your servant]. 22 This is why you are great, Lord God! There is no one like you. There is no God except you. ·We have heard all this ourselves […that we have ever heard of]! 23 ·There is no nation like [L What other nation/people is like…?] your people Israel. ·They are the only [L What other…?] people on earth ·that God chose [did God choose] to be his own [Gen. 12:1–3]. ·You made your name well known. You did great and wonderful miracles for them […to make a name for himself by doing great and awesome things/miracles/wonders on their behalf?]. You went ahead of them and ·forced [drove] other nations and their gods out of the land. You ·freed [redeemed; ransomed] your people from ·slavery in Egypt [Egypt]. 24 You ·made [established] the people of Israel your very own people forever, and, Lord, you ·are [have become] their God.
25 “Now, Lord God, keep the ·promise forever that you made [word you have spoken] about my ·family [L house] and me, your servant. Do what you have said [promised]. 26 Then ·you [L your name] will be ·honored [magnified] ·always [forever], ·and people will say […by people saying], ‘The Lord ·All-Powerful [of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts] is God over Israel!’ And ·the family [L may the house] of your servant David will ·continue [be established/secure] before you.
27 “Lord ·All-Powerful [of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts], the God of Israel, you have ·said to me [revealed this to me, saying], ‘I will ·make your family great [L build a house/dynasty for you].’ So I, your servant, am ·brave [bold; courageous] enough to pray to you. 28 Lord God, you are God, and your words are ·true [truth; trustworthy]. And you have promised these good things to me, your servant. 29 Please, bless ·my family [L the house of your servant]. Let it ·continue [remain] before you always. Lord God, you have ·said so [spoken]. With your blessing let ·my family [L the house of your servant] always be blessed.”
David Wins Many Battles(B)
8 Later, David ·defeated [L struck] the Philistines, ·conquered [subdued] them, and took ·the city of Metheg Ammah [or a city of importance; C perhaps a reference to Gath (1 Chr. 18:1)].
2 He also ·defeated [L struck] the people of Moab. He made them lie on the ground, and then he used a rope to measure them. ·Those who were measured within two rope lengths were killed, but those who were within the next rope length were allowed to live [He put to death two measured groups for every one measured group he allowed to live]. So the people of Moab became ·servants [subjects] of David and ·gave him the payment he demanded [paid/brought him tribute].
3 David also ·defeated [L struck] Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to ·take control again at [extend his power/rule/L hand over; or restore his monument at] the Euphrates River. 4 David captured ·one thousand chariots, seven thousand men who rode in chariots [or 1,700 charioteers], and twenty thousand foot soldiers. He ·crippled [hamstrung] all but a hundred of the chariot horses.
5 ·Arameans [Syrians] from Damascus came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah, but David ·killed [L struck] twenty-two thousand of them. 6 Then David put ·groups [garrisons] of soldiers in Damascus in Aram. The ·Arameans [Syrians] became David’s ·servants [subjects] and ·gave him the payment he demanded [paid/brought him tribute]. The Lord gave David victory everywhere he went.
7 David took the shields of gold that had belonged to Hadadezer’s ·officers [L servants] and brought them to Jerusalem. 8 David also took many things made of bronze from Tebah and Berothai, which had been cities under Hadadezer’s control.
9 Toi king of Hamath heard that David had ·defeated [L struck] all the army of Hadadezer. 10 So Toi sent his son Joram to greet and ·congratulate [bless] King David for defeating Hadadezer. (Hadadezer had been at war with Toi.) Joram brought ·items [objects; articles] made of silver, gold, and bronze. 11 King David ·gave [dedicated; consecrated] them to the Lord, along with the silver and gold he had taken from the other nations he had ·defeated [subdued; subjugated]. 12 These nations were ·Edom [L Aram; C the Hebrew has Aram (Syria), but the context suggests Edom], Moab, Ammon, Philistia, and Amalek. David also gave the Lord ·what he had taken from [the spoil/plunder of] Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
13 David ·was famous [L made a name for himself] after he returned from ·defeating [or killing; L striking] eighteen thousand ·Arameans [or Edomites; 1 Chr. 18:12; Ps. 60 title] in the Valley of Salt. 14 He put ·groups [garrisons] of soldiers all over Edom, and all the Edomites became his ·servants [subjects]. The Lord gave David victory everywhere he went.
15 David ·was king [reigned] over all Israel, and he did what was ·fair [just] and ·right [equitable] for all his people. 16 Joab son of Zeruiah was commander over the army. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the ·recorder [royal historian]. 17 Zadok son of Ahitub and Abiathar son of Ahimelech were priests. Seraiah was the royal secretary. 18 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites and Pelethites [C foreign mercenaries who served as the king’s bodyguards]. And David’s sons were ·priests [or important officials; C “priests” is the more likely reading, but uncertain because only Levites were supposed to be priests].
David Helps Saul’s Family(C)
9 David asked, “Is anyone still left in Saul’s ·family [L house]? I want to show ·kindness [loyalty] to that person for Jonathan’s sake [1 Sam. 20:13–15]!”
2 Now there was a servant named Ziba from Saul’s ·family [L house]. So David’s servants ·called [summoned] Ziba to him. King David said to him, “Are you Ziba?”
He answered, “·Yes, I am your servant [At your service].”
3 The king asked, “Is anyone left in Saul’s ·family [L house]? I want to show God’s kindness to that person.”
Ziba answered the king, “Jonathan has a son still living who is ·crippled [lame] in both feet.”
4 The king asked Ziba, “Where is this son?”
Ziba answered, “He is at the house of Makir son of Ammiel in Lo Debar.”
5 Then King David had servants bring Jonathan’s son from the house of Makir son of Ammiel in Lo Debar. 6 Mephibosheth, Jonathan’s son, came before David and bowed facedown ·on the floor [and prostrated himself].
David said, “Mephibosheth!”
Mephibosheth said, “·I am your servant [At your service].”
7 David said to him, “Don’t be afraid. I will be kind to you for your father Jonathan’s sake. I will ·give you back [restore to you] all the ·land [property] of your grandfather Saul, and you will always eat at my table [C the king will provide for his provisions].”
8 Mephibosheth ·bowed [prostrated himself] to David again and said, “·You are being very kind to me, your servant! And I am no better than a dead dog! [L What is your servant, that you should show kindness/favor to a dead dog like me?]”
9 Then King David called Saul’s servant Ziba. David said to him, “I have given your master’s grandson everything that belonged to Saul and his ·family [L house]. 10 You, your sons, and your servants will farm the land and harvest the crops. ·Then your family […so your master’s household] will have food to eat. But Mephibosheth, your master’s grandson, will always eat at my table.”
(Now Ziba had fifteen sons and twenty servants.) 11 Ziba said to King David, “I, your servant, will do everything my ·master [lord], the king, commands me.”
So Mephibosheth ate at David’s table as if he were one of the king’s sons. 12 Mephibosheth had a young son named Mica. Everyone in Ziba’s ·family [household] became Mephibosheth’s servants. 13 Mephibosheth lived in Jerusalem, because he always ate at the king’s table. And he was ·crippled [lame] in both feet.
War with the Ammonites and Arameans
10 When Nahash king of the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] died, his son Hanun became king after him. 2 David said, “Nahash ·was loyal [showed kindness; C kept treaty obligations] to me, so I will ·be loyal [show kindness] to his son Hanun.” So David sent his ·messengers [L servants] to ·comfort [console; express sympathy/condolences to] Hanun about his father’s death.
David’s ·officers [L servants] went to the land of the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon]. 3 But the ·Ammonite leaders [L princes/commanders of the sons/descendants of Ammon] said to Hanun, their master, “Do you think David wants to honor your father by sending men to ·comfort [console; sympathize with] you? No! David sent them to ·study [explore; search] the city and spy it out and ·capture [overthrow] it!” 4 So Hanun ·arrested [seized] David’s ·officers [L servants]. To shame them he shaved off half their beards and cut off their clothes at the ·hips [L buttocks]. Then he sent them away.
5 When the people told David, he sent messengers to meet ·his officers [L the men] because they were ·very ashamed [humiliated]. King David said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards have grown back. Then come home.”
6 ·The Ammonites knew that they had insulted David. So [L When the sons/descendants of Ammon realized they had become odious to/greatly offended David,] they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth Rehob and Zobah. They also hired the king of Maacah with a thousand men and twelve thousand men from Tob.
7 When David heard about this, he sent Joab with the whole army [L with all its warriors]. 8 The ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] came out and ·prepared for battle [drew up in battle formations] at the city gate. The ·Arameans [Syrians] from Zobah and Rehob and the men from Tob and Maacah were out in the field by themselves.
9 Joab saw that there were ·enemies [battle lines] both in front of him and behind him. So he chose some of the ·best soldiers [elite troops] of Israel and ·sent them out to fight [deployed them against] the ·Arameans [Syrians]. 10 Joab put the rest of the army under the command of Abishai, his brother. Then he ·sent them out to fight [deployed them against] the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon]. 11 Joab said to Abishai, “If the ·Arameans [Syrians] are too strong for me, you must help me. Or, if the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] are too strong for you, I will help you. 12 Be strong. ·We must fight bravely [Let us show ourselves courageous] for our people and the cities of our God. ·The Lord will [May the Lord] do what he thinks is right.”
13 Then Joab and the army with him ·went [advanced] to attack the ·Arameans [Syrians], and the ·Arameans [Syrians] ·ran away [fled before him]. 14 When the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] saw that the ·Arameans [Syrians] were ·running away [fleeing], they also ·ran away [fled] from Abishai and ·went back [retreated] to their city. So Joab returned from the battle with the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] and came to Jerusalem.
15 When the ·Arameans [Syrians] saw that Israel had defeated them, they came together into one big army. 16 Hadadezer sent messengers to bring the ·Arameans [Syrians] from ·east of the Euphrates River [L beyond the river], and they went to Helam. Their leader was Shobach, the commander of Hadadezer’s army.
17 When David heard about this, he gathered all the Israelites together. They crossed over the Jordan River and went to Helam. There the ·Arameans [Syrians] ·prepared for battle [drew up in battle formations] and attacked him. 18 But the ·Arameans [Syrians] ·ran away [fled] from the Israelites. David killed seven hundred Aramean chariot drivers and forty thousand Aramean ·horsemen [or foot soldiers]. He also killed Shobach, the commander of the Aramean army.
19 When the kings who ·served [were allied with; L were the servants of] Hadadezer saw that the Israelites had defeated them, they ·made peace with [surrendered to] the Israelites and served them. And the ·Arameans [Syrians] were afraid to help the ·Ammonites [L sons/descendants of Ammon] again.
The Expanded Bible, Copyright © 2011 Thomas Nelson Inc. All rights reserved.