Chronological
4 “If you ·will [want to] return, Israel,
then return to me,” says the Lord.
“If you will ·throw away [turn from] your abominations [C the idols],
then ·don’t wander away from me [no longer go astray].
2 If you say when you ·make a promise [swear],
‘As surely as the Lord lives,’
and you can say it in a truthful, ·honest [just], and ·right [righteous] way,
then the nations will be blessed by him,
and they will ·praise him for what he has done [boast in him].”
3 This is what the Lord says to the people of Judah and to Jerusalem:
“Plow your unplowed fields [C a metaphor for changing their spiritual condition],
and don’t ·plant seeds [sow] among thorns.
4 ·Give yourselves to the service of [L Circumcise yourself to] the Lord [C a metaphor for obedience],
and ·decide to obey him [L remove the foreskin of your heart; 9:25; Deut. 10:16],
people of Judah and ·people [L inhabitants] of Jerusalem.
If you don’t, my anger will ·spread among you [flare/blaze up] like a fire,
and no one will be able to ·put it out [quench it],
because of the evil you have done.
Trouble from the North
5 “·Announce this message [Declare; Shout; L Let it be heard] in Judah and ·say [proclaim] it in Jerusalem:
‘Blow the ·trumpet [ram’s horn] throughout the ·country [land]!’
Shout out loud and say,
‘·Come [L Gather] together!
Let’s all ·escape [L go] to the ·strong, walled [fortified] cities!’
6 Raise the ·signal flag [banner; C military insignia] toward ·Jerusalem [L Zion; C the location of the Temple]!
·Run for your lives [Take refuge/shelter], and don’t ·wait [delay],
because I am bringing ·disaster [trouble] from the north [C the Babylonians; 1:13–14]
There will be terrible destruction.”
7 A lion has come out of his ·den [lair; thicket; 2:15];
a destroyer of nations has begun to march.
He has left his ·home [L place]
to ·destroy [L set destruction in] your land.
Your towns will be ·destroyed [devastated]
with no one left to live in them.
8 So put on ·rough cloth [sackcloth; burlap; C mourning clothes],
·show how sad you are [lament; mourn], and ·cry loudly [wail].
The ·terrible [fierce] anger of the Lord
has not turned away from us.
9 “·When this happens [L In that day],” says the Lord,
“the ·king and officers will lose their courage [L heart of king and officers/princes will fail].
The priests will be ·terribly afraid [desolate],
and the prophets will be ·shocked [stunned; appalled]!”
10 Then I said, [“L Aha,] Lord God, you have ·tricked [deceived] ·the people of Judah [L this people] and Jerusalem. You said, ‘You will have peace,’ but now the sword ·is pointing at [L touches] our ·throats [or very lives]!”
11 At that time ·this message will be given [L it will be said] to Judah and Jerusalem: “A hot wind blows from the bare hilltops [3:2] of the ·desert [wilderness] toward the ·Lord’s [L daughter of my] people. ·It is not a gentle wind to separate grain from chaff [L …not for winnowing or for cleansing]. 12 I feel a stronger wind than that. Now even I will announce judgments against ·the people of Judah [L them].”
13 Look! ·The enemy [L He] rises up like a cloud,
and his chariots come like a ·tornado [whirlwind].
His horses are faster than eagles.
·How terrible it will be for [Woe to] us! We are ·ruined [devastated]!
14 People of Jerusalem, ·clean [wash] the evil from your hearts so that you can be ·saved [rescued; 2:22; Ps. 51:7].
·Don’t continue making [L How long will you lodge in your heart/mind] evil plans.
15 A voice from Dan makes an announcement
and ·brings bad news [L proclaims disaster/trouble] from the mountains of Ephraim.
16 “Report this to the nations.
·Spread this news [L Make it heard] in Jerusalem:
‘Invaders are coming from a faraway country [C Babylon],
shouting [C war cries] against the cities of Judah.
17 The enemy has surrounded Jerusalem as men guard a field,
because Judah ·turned [rebelled; transgressed] against me,’” says the Lord.
18 “·The way you have lived and acted [L Your path/way and your deeds]
has brought this trouble to you.
This is your ·punishment [trouble; disaster].
How ·terrible [bitter] it is!
·The pain stabs [L It reaches] your heart!”
Jeremiah’s Cry
19 Oh, ·how I hurt [my pain/anguish/L innards]! ·How I hurt [My pain/anguish/L innards]!
·I am bent over in pain [L My heart writhes].
Oh, the ·torture in [L walls of] my heart!
My heart is pounding inside me.
I cannot keep quiet,
because I have heard the sound of the ·trumpet [ram’s horn].
I have heard the shouts of war.
20 Disaster after disaster is reported;
the whole country has been ·destroyed [devastated].
My tents are ·destroyed [devastated] ·in only a moment [suddenly].
My curtains are torn down quickly.
21 How long must I look at the war flag?
How long must I listen to the ·war trumpet [L sound of the ram’s horn]?
22 The Lord says, “My people are ·foolish [stupid].
They do not know me.
They are stupid children;
they don’t understand.
They are ·skillful [wise] at doing evil,
but they don’t know how to do good.”
Disaster Is Coming
23 I looked at the earth,
and it ·had no form and was empty [was a formless void; Gen. 1:2].
I looked at the ·sky [L heavens],
and ·its light was gone [L there was no light].
24 I looked at the mountains,
and they were shaking.
All the hills were ·trembling [rocking; reeling].
25 I looked, and there were no people.
Every bird in the ·sky [heavens] had ·flown away [L fled].
26 I looked, and the good, ·rich land [fertile land; land of plenty; orchards] had become a ·desert [wilderness].
All its towns had been destroyed
by the Lord and his great anger.
27 This is what the Lord says:
“All the land will be ruined,
but I will not ·completely destroy it [L make a complete end].
28 So the people in the land will ·cry loudly [mourn; wail],
and the ·sky [L heavens above] will grow dark [Is. 13:10; 34:4; Zech. 14:6; Mark 13:24–25],
because I have spoken and made a decision.
I will not change my mind; I will not turn back.”
29 At the sound of the horsemen and the archers,
all the people in the towns ·run away [flee].
They ·hide [L go] in the thick bushes
and climb up into the rocks.
All of the cities of Judah are ·empty [abandoned; forsaken];
no one lives in them.
30 You destroyed nation [C Judah], what are you doing?
Why do you put on ·scarlet [purple; C an expensive dress]
and decorate yourself with gold jewelry?
Why do you ·put color around your eyes [L enlarge your eyes with black eye paint]?
You make yourself beautiful, ·but it is all useless [in vain; without purpose].
Your lovers ·hate [despise; reject] you;
they ·want to kill you [L seek your life].
31 I hear a cry like a woman ·having a baby [writhing in labor],
·distress [trouble] like a woman having her first child.
It is the sound of ·Jerusalem [L the daughter of Zion; C the location of the Temple] gasping for breath.
She ·lifts [L spreads] her hands in prayer and says,
“·Oh! I am about to [Woe to me, for I am] faint
before my murderers!”
No One Is Right
5 The Lord says, “·Walk [or Run] up and down the streets of Jerusalem.
Look around and ·discover [know] these things.
Search the public squares of the city.
If you can find one person who does ·honest [just] things,
who ·searches for the truth [or seeks to be faithful],
I will forgive this city.
2 Although the people say, ‘As surely as the Lord lives!’
they ·don’t really mean it [L swear/take an oath falsely].”
3 Lord, ·don’t you [L do your eyes] look for ·truth [faithfulness] in people?
You struck ·the people of Judah [L them],
but they didn’t feel any ·pain [anguish].
You ·crushed [consumed] them,
but they refused to ·learn what is right [L take your correction/instruction].
·They became more stubborn [L Their faces became harder] than a rock;
they refused to ·turn back to God [L return; repent].
4 But I thought,
“These are only the poor, ·foolish people [L they have no sense].
They ·have not learned [L do not know] the ·way [path] of the Lord
and ·what their God wants them to do [L the ordinances/judgments of their God].
5 So I will go to the ·leaders [great; or rich]
and talk to them.
Surely they ·understand [L know] the ·way [path] of the Lord
and ·know what God wants them to do [L the ordinances/judgments of their God].”
But even ·the leaders [L they] had all joined together to break their yoke [C abandoning God];
they had snapped off their ropes [C rejecting their dependence on God; 2:20].
6 So a lion from the forest will ·attack [L strike] them.
A wolf from the desert will ·kill [destroy] them.
A leopard is ·waiting for [L watching] them near their towns.
It will ·tear to pieces [make prey of] anyone who comes out of the city,
because the people of Judah have ·sinned [rebelled; transgressed] greatly.
·They have wandered away from the Lord many times [Their apostasies are great].
7 The Lord said, “·Tell me why I should [L How can I…?] forgive you.
Your children have ·left [abandoned; forsaken] me
and have ·made promises [L sworn] to those who are not gods at all [C idols].
I ·gave your children everything they needed [L satisfied/sated them],
but they still ·were like an unfaithful wife to me [committed adultery].
They ·spent much time in [frequented; trooped to] houses of prostitutes.
8 They are like well-fed horses filled with ·sexual desire [lust];
each one ·wants [L neighs after] another man’s wife [3:6–10].
9 Shouldn’t I punish them [C the people of Judah] for doing these things?” says the Lord.
“Shouldn’t I ·give a nation such as this the punishment [L get revenge on a nation as] it deserves?
10 “Go along and ·cut down [destroy] her [C Judah’s] ·vineyards [rows of vines; Is. 5:1–7],
but do not ·completely destroy them [L make a complete end; 4:27].
Cut off its branches [C representing the people],
because they do not belong to the Lord.
11 The ·families [L houses] of Israel and Judah
have been completely ·unfaithful [traitorous; treasonous] to me,” says the Lord.
12 Those people have lied about the Lord
and said, “He will not do anything to us!
·Nothing bad [No evil/trouble/harm] will happen to us!
We will never see ·war [L sword] or ·hunger [famine]!
13 The prophets are wind [C empty];
the word [C of God] is not in them.
Let the bad things they say happen to them.”
14 So this is what the Lord God ·All-Powerful [Almighty; of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts] says:
“Because they have spoken this word [C that God would not punish them].
the words I ·give you [L place in your mouth] will be like fire,
and these people will be like wood that it ·burns up [consumes; devours].
15 Listen, ·family [L house] of Israel,” says the Lord,
“I will soon bring a nation from far away ·to attack [L against] you.
It is an ·old [ancient] nation that has ·lasted [endured] a long time [C Babylon].
·The people there speak a language [Its language/L tongue] you do not know [C Aramaic or Akkadian];
you cannot ·understand [L hear] what they say.
16 Their ·arrows bring death [L quiver is like an open grave].
All their people are strong warriors.
17 They will ·eat [consume; devour] your crops and your food.
They will ·eat [consume; devour] your sons and daughters.
They will ·eat [consume; devour] your flocks and herds.
They will ·eat [consume; devour] your ·grapes [L vines] and ·figs [L fig trees].
They will destroy with their swords
the ·strong, walled [fortified] cities you ·trust [have confidence in].
18 “Yet even ·then [L in those days],” says the Lord, “I will not ·destroy you completely [L make a complete end; v. 10; 4:27]. 19 When the people [C of Judah] ask, ‘Why has the Lord our God done all these things to us [C his acts of judgment]?’ then give them this answer: ‘You have ·left [abandoned; forsaken] the Lord and served foreign gods [C idols] in your own land. So now you will serve ·foreigners [L strangers] in a land that does not belong to you.’
20 “·Announce this message [Proclaim this] to the ·family [L house] of Jacob [C Israel],
and ·tell it to the nation of [L make this heard in] Judah:
21 Hear this message, you foolish people who have no ·sense [L heart].
They have eyes, but they don’t really see.
They have ears, but they don’t really listen [C God’s people are like the idols they worship; Ps. 115:6; 135:17].
22 ·Surely you are afraid of me [L Do you not fear me?],” says the Lord.
“·You should shake with fear [L Do you not tremble…?] in my presence.
I am the one who ·made the beaches [L set sand] to be a border for the sea,
a ·border [limit] the water can never go past.
·The waves may pound the beach [L They may rise and fall], but they can’t win over it.
·They [L The waves] may roar, but they cannot go beyond it.
23 But this people [C of Judah] ·are stubborn and have turned against me [L have a stubborn and rebellious heart].
They have turned aside and gone away from me.
24 They do not say ·to themselves [L in their hearts],
‘We should fear the Lord our God [Prov. 1:7],
who gives us ·autumn [early] and ·spring [late] rains in their seasons,
who ·makes sure we have the harvest at the right time [brings us unfailingly the weeks appointed for harvests].’
25 But your ·evil [iniquities] has kept these [C rain and harvest] away.
Your sins have kept you from enjoying good things.
26 There ·are wicked men [L wicked are found] among my people.
Like ·those who make nets for catching birds [fowlers],
they set their traps to catch people.
27 Like cages full of birds,
their houses are full of ·lies [deceit].
They have become ·powerful [great] and rich.
28 They have grown fat and sleek.
There is no end to the evil things they do.
They do not judge justly.
They won’t plead the case of the orphan [Ex. 22:22–24; Deut. 10:18; 24:17, 19–21; 27:19]
or help the poor be judged fairly [Ex. 22:25–27; 23:6, 11; Deut. 15:11].
29 Shouldn’t I punish them [C the people of Judah] for doing these things?” says the Lord.
“Shouldn’t I ·give a nation such as this the punishment [L get revenge on a nation as] it deserves [v. 9]?
30 “A terrible and shocking thing
has happened in the land [C of Judah]:
31 The prophets ·speak lies [L prophesy falsely; Deut. 18:14–22],
and the priests ·take power [rule] ·into their own hands [or by their hand/control],
and my people love it this way.
But what will you do when the end comes?
Jerusalem Is Surrounded
6 “·Run for your lives [Take refuge/shelter], ·people [L sons] of Benjamin!
·Run away [Take refuge/shelter] from Jerusalem!
Blow the ·war trumpet [ram’s horn] in the town of Tekoa [C about ten miles southeast of Jerusalem]!
Raise the warning flag over the town of Beth Hakkerem [C “House of Vineyards,” of uncertain location]!
·Disaster [Evil] is coming from the north [C Babylon];
terrible destruction is coming to you.
2 ·Jerusalem [L Daughter of Zion; C the location of the Temple], I ·will destroy you,
you who are fragile and gentle [or compare you to a delightful pasture].
3 Shepherds [C leaders of the attacking army] with their flocks will come against it [C Jerusalem].
They will set up their tents all around her,
each shepherd taking care of his own section.”
4 They say, “·Get ready to fight [L Consecrate yourselves for war; C against Jerusalem; ancient Near Eastern peoples performed religious rituals before battle]!
Get up! We will attack at noon!
·But it is already getting late [L Woe to us, for the day declines];
the evening shadows are growing long.
5 So get up! We will attack at night.
We will destroy ·the strong towers [L its palaces]!”
6 This is what the Lord ·All-Powerful [Almighty; of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts] says:
“Cut down the trees [C around Jerusalem],
and ·build an attack ramp to the top of its walls [throw up a siege ramp].
This city must be punished.
Inside it is nothing but ·slavery [oppression]
7 Jerusalem ·pours out her evil [keeps its wickedness fresh]
as a well ·pours out its water [keeps its water fresh]
The sounds of violence and destruction are heard within her.
I can see the sickness and hurts ·of Jerusalem [always before me].
8 ·Listen to this warning [L Be instructed], Jerusalem,
or I will turn my back on you
and make your land an ·empty desert [L desolation]
where no one can live.”
9 This is what the Lord ·All-Powerful [Almighty; of Heaven’s Armies; T of hosts] says:
“·Gather [L Glean] the ·few people of Israel who are left alive [L remnant of Israel],
as ·you would gather the last grapes on a grapevine [L a vine; C Israel is often compared to a vine; Gen. 49:11–12, 22; Ps. 80:9–10; Is. 5:1–2].
·Check each vine again [L Return your hand over it again],
like ·someone who gathers grapes.”
10 To whom can I speak? Whom can I warn?
Who will listen to me?
·The people of Israel have closed ears [L Your ears have a foreskin; C are uncircumcised; a metaphor for not listening to God],
so they cannot ·hear my warnings [L pay attention].
·They don’t like the word of the Lord [L The word of the Lord is a reproach to them];
they ·don’t want to listen to it [L take no pleasure in it]!
11 But I am full of the anger of the Lord,
and I am ·tired [weary] of holding it in.
“Pour ·out my anger [L it out] on the children who play in the street
and on the young men gathered together.
A husband and his wife will both be caught in his anger,
as will the very old and ·aged [L full of years].
12 Their houses will be turned over to others,
along with their fields and wives,
because I will ·raise [L stretch out] my hand
·and punish [L against] the people of Judah,” says the Lord.
13 “Everyone, from the least important to the greatest,
is greedy for ·money [unjust gain].
Even the prophets and priests
all ·tell lies [act falsely; are deceptive].
14 They tried to heal my people’s ·serious injuries [fracture]
as if they were small wounds.
They said, ‘·It’s all right, it’s all right [L Peace, peace].’
But ·really, it is not all right [L there is no peace].
15 They should be ashamed of the ·terrible way they act [abominations they do],
but they are not ashamed at all.
They don’t even know how to blush [C about their sins].
So they will fall, along with ·everyone else [L those who fall].
They will ·be thrown to the ground [stumble] ·when [L at the time] I punish them,” says the Lord.
16 This is what the Lord says:
“Stand ·where the roads cross [at the crossroads] and look.
Ask where the ·old [eternal; enduring] way is [Deut. 32:7],
where the good way is, and walk on it.
If you do, you will find rest for ·yourselves [souls].
But they have said, ‘We will not ·walk on the good way [follow it].’
17 I set watchmen [C prophets] over you
and told you, ‘·Listen for [Pay attention to] the sound of the ·war trumpet [ram’s horn]!’
But they said, ‘We will not ·listen [pay attention].’
18 So listen, all you nations,
and ·pay attention [L know], you ·witnesses [assembly].
Watch what I will do to them [C the people of Judah].
19 Hear this, people of the earth:
I am going to bring ·disaster [trouble; evil] to this people [C of Judah]
because of the ·evil they plan [L the fruit of their plots].
They have not ·listened [paid attention] to my ·messages [words]
and have rejected my ·teachings [laws; instructions].
20 Why do you bring me offerings of ·incense [frankincense] from the land of Sheba [C unknown location, perhaps present-day Yemen, Eritrea, or Ethiopia; see 1 Kin. 10:1–13]?
Why do you bring me sweet-smelling cane from a faraway land?
Your burnt offerings [Lev. 1:1–7] will not be accepted;
your sacrifices do not please me [Ps. 40:6–8; Mic. 6:6–8].”
21 So this is what the Lord says:
“I will put stumbling blocks [C problems] in front of this people [C Judah].
Fathers and sons will stumble over them together.
Neighbors and friends will ·die [perish].”
22 This is what the Lord says:
“Look, an ·army [people] is coming
from the land of the north [C Babylon];
a great nation is ·coming [L stirred up]
from the far sides of the earth.
23 ·The soldiers carry [L They grasp/seize] bows and ·spears [javelins].
They are ·cruel [fierce] and show no ·mercy [compassion].
They sound like the roaring ·ocean [sea; C symbol of chaos]
when they ride their horses.
That army is ·coming lined up [or equipped] for battle,
ready to attack you, ·Jerusalem [L daughter of Zion; C the location of the Temple].”
24 We have heard the news about ·that army [L them]
and ·are helpless from fear [L our hands grow limp].
We are gripped by our ·pain [distress],
like a woman ·having a baby [writhing in childbirth].
25 Don’t go out into the fields
or walk down the ·roads [paths],
because the enemy has swords.
There is terror on every side.
26 ·My people [L Daughter of my people], put on ·rough cloth [sackcloth; burlap]
and roll in the ashes [C mourning rituals].
·Cry loudly for those who are dead,
as if your only son were dead [L Make mourning/Wail for your only son, a bitter lamentation],
because the destroyer
will ·soon [or suddenly] come against us.
27 “I have made you [C Jeremiah] like a ·worker who tests metal [L tester and refiner/or fortress] among people [C who are like the ore].
You must ·observe [know] their ways
and test them.
28 All my people have ·turned [rebelled] against me and are stubborn.
They go around ·telling lies about others [slandering].
They are like bronze and iron [C rusted, not refined]
that act dishonestly.
29 The ·fire is fanned to make it hotter [bellows blow],
but the lead ·does not melt [is consumed by the fire].
·The pure metal does not come out [L The refining is in vain];
the evil is not removed from my people.
30 My people will be called rejected silver,
because the Lord has rejected them [Ezek. 22:17–22].”
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