Beginning

The Duties of the Priests and Levities

18 Yahweh said to Aaron, “You, your sons, and your family with you will bear the guilt of the sanctuary, and you and your sons with you will bear the guilt of your priesthood. ² Moreover, bring your brothers with you, the tribe of Levi the tribe of your father, that they may be joined to you and minister to you, you and your sons with you before the tent of testimony. ³ They will keep your responsibility and the responsibility of all the tent, only they may not come near the vessels of the sanctuary and the altar, so both you and they will not die. ⁴ They will be joined to you, and they will keep the responsibility of the tent of assembly for the entire service of the tent; a stranger may not come near you. ⁵ You will keep the responsibility of the sanctuary and the responsibility of the altar, and there will no longer be wrath on the Israelites.^{[a] 6} Look, I myself have chosen your brothers the Levites from the midst of the children. They are a gift to you given from Yahweh to perform the work of the tent of assembly. ⁷ But you with your sons will keep your priesthood to perform your priestly duties for everything at the altar^[b] and for the area behind the curtain.^[c] I give you the priesthood as a gift, but the stranger who approaches will be put to death.”

Portions for the Priests

⁸ Yahweh spoke to Aaron, “Behold, I myself have given to you the responsibility of my contributions for all the holy objects of the Israelites;^[d] I have given them as a portion to you and your sons as an eternal decree. ⁹ This will be for you from the sanctuary of the holy things from the fire; all of their offerings, from every grain offering, from every sin offering, and from every guilt offering which they will bring to me is a most holy thing^[e] for you and your sons. ¹⁰ You will eat it in the most holy place;^[f] every male will eat it. It will be a holy object to you. ¹¹ This is also for you: the contribution of their gift of the wave offerings of the children Israel. I have given them to you and your sons and your daughters with you as an eternal decree; whoever is clean in your house may eat it. ¹² All the finest olive oil and all the finest new wine and their best grain that they have given to Yahweh, I have given them to you. ¹³ The firstfruits of all that is in their land that they present to Yahweh will be for you; whoever is clean in your house may eat it. ¹⁴ All consecrated possessions^[g] in Israel will be for you. ¹⁵ All the first offspring of a womb of any creature that they offer to Yahweh, whether human or animal, will be yours; you will surely redeem the firstborn of the human and the unclean firstborn of the animal. ¹⁶ As to their price of redemption, from a one-month-old^[h] you will redeem them according to your proper value, five shekels of silver according to the shekel of the sanctuary, which is twenty gerah. ¹⁷ Only the firstborn of an ox or the firstborn of a sheep or the firstborn of a goat you will not redeem; they are holy. Their blood you will sprinkle over the altar, and their fat you will turn into smoke as an offering made by fire, a fragrance of appeasement for Yahweh. ¹⁸ But their flesh will be for you like the breast section of the wave offering, and it will be for you like the right upper thigh. ¹⁹ All the contributions of holiness that the Israelites^[i] offer to Yahweh I have given to you and your sons and your daughters with you as an eternal decree; it is an eternal covenant of salt before^[j] Yahweh to you and your offspring with you.” ²⁰ Then Yahweh said to Aaron, “You will not receive an inheritance in their land, and there will not be a plot of ground for you in the midst of the Israelites.^[k]

²¹ “Behold, I have given to the descendants^[l] of Levi every tithe in Israel as an inheritance in return for their service, which they are doing, the work of the tent of assembly. ²² The Israelites^[m] will not come near again to the tent of assembly, or they will bear sin^[n] and die. ²³ The Levites^[o] will perform the service of the tent of assembly, and they will bear their guilt, an eternal decree for all your generations. But they will not receive an inheritance in the midst of the Israelites^{[p] 24} because the tithes^[q] of the Israelites^[r] that are offered^[s] to Yahweh as a contribution, I have given to the Levites as an inheritance; therefore I said to them, ‘They will not receive an inheritance in the midst of the Israelites.’”^[t]

²⁵ Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ²⁶ “You will speak to the Levites and say to them, ‘When you receive the tithe from the Israelites^[u] that I have given to you from them for your inheritance, you will present^[v] a contribution from it to Yahweh, a tithe from a tithe. ²⁷ Your contribution will be credited to you like the grain from the threshing floor and like the produce from the press. ²⁸ So you will present^[w] your own contribution to Yahweh from all your tithes that you receive from the Israelites;^[x] from it you will give the contribution of Yahweh to Aaron the priest. ²⁹ From all your gifts you will present^[y] every contribution of Yahweh, from all its fat, the part that is sacred.’ ³⁰ You will say to them, ‘When you are presenting^[z] its fat, the rest will be credited to the Levites like a yield of the threshing floor and like a yield from the press. ³¹ You may eat it anywhere, you and your household, because it is a wage in return for your service in the tent of assembly. ³² You will not bear any sin because you have presented^[aa] its fat; you will not defile the holy objects of the Israelites,^[ab] or you will die.’”

Ashes of the Red Heifer

19 And Yahweh spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, ² “This is the decree of the law that Yahweh has commanded, saying, ‘Speak to the Israelites^[ac] and let them take to you a red heifer without a physical defect, on which a yoke has not been placed.^{[ad] 3} And you will give it to Eleazar the priest, and it will be brought^[ae] out to a place outside the camp, and it will be slaughtered^[af] in his presence. ⁴ Then Eleazar the priest will take some of its blood on his finger and spatter it toward the mouth of the tent of assembly seven times. ⁵ The heifer will be burned^[ag] in his sight; its skin, its meat, and its blood, in addition to its offal, will burn. ⁶ The priest will take cedar wood, hyssop, and crimson thread, and he will throw them in the midst of the burning heifer.^{[ah] 7} The priest will wash his garments and his body in the water, and afterward he will come to the camp; the priest will be unclean until the evening. ⁸ The one who burns it will wash his garments and his body in water; he will be unclean until the evening. ⁹ A clean man will gather the ashes of the heifer, and he will put them in a clean place outside the camp;^[ai] it will be for the community of the Israelites^[aj] as a requirement for waters of impurity; it is a purification offering. ¹⁰ The one who gathers the ashes of the heifer will wash his garments; he will be unclean until evening. It will be an eternal decree for the Israelites^[ak] and for one who dwells as an alien in their midst.

¹¹ “‘The one who touches a corpse of any person^[al] will be unclean for seven days. ¹² He will purify himself on the third day, and on the seventh day he will be clean. If he does not purify himself on the third day, he will not be clean on the seventh day. ¹³ Anyone who touches a corpse, the person of a human being who died, and does not purify himself, defiles the tabernacle of Yahweh, and that person will be cut off from Israel because the waters of impurity were not sprinkled on him. He will still be unclean, and uncleanness is on him.

¹⁴ “‘This is the law of a person who dies in a tent: everyone who comes into the tent and all who are in the tent will be unclean seven days. ¹⁵ Every container that is opened that does not have a lid cord^[am] on it is unclean. ¹⁶ Anyone in the open field^[an] who touches one who has been slain,^[ao] or a corpse, or a bone of a person, or a burial site, he will be unclean for seven days. ¹⁷ For the unclean person they will take^[ap] from the powder of the burnt purification offering,^[aq] and they will put^[ar] running water into a container. ¹⁸ A clean person will take hyssop and dip it into the water and sprinkle it on the tent and on all the objects and persons who were there, and on one who touched the bone, or the one slain, or the dead, or the burial site. ¹⁹ The clean person will spatter the unclean on the third day and on the seventh day; and on the seventh day he will purify him, and he will wash his garments; he will bathe in the waters, and in the evening he will be clean. ²⁰ But the man who is unclean and does not purify himself, that person will be cut off from the midst of the assembly because he defiled the sanctuary of Yahweh; the water of impurity was not sprinkled on him; he is unclean.

²¹ “‘It will be an eternal decree for them. The one who spatters the waters of impurity will wash his garments, and the one who touches the waters of impurity will be unclean until the evening. ²² Anything that the unclean person touches will be unclean, and the person who touches it will be unclean until the evening.’”

Miriam Dies

20 Then the entire community of the Israelites^[as] came to the desert of Zin on the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; Miriam died and was buried there.

² There was no water for the community, and they were gathered before Moses and Aaron. ³ And the people quarreled with Moses and spoke, saying, “If only we died when our brothers were dying before^[at] Yahweh! ⁴ Why have you brought the assembly of Yahweh, us and our livestock, into this desert to die here? ⁵ Why have you brought us from Egypt to bring us to this bad place? It is not a place of seed or figs^[au] or vines^[av] or pomegranate trees,^[aw] and there is not water to drink.” ⁶ And Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the doorway of the tent of assembly. They fell on their faces, and the glory of Yahweh appeared to them. ⁷ Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, ⁸ “Take the staff and summon the community, you and Aaron your brother, and speak to the rock before their eyes, and it will give water. Bring out for them water from the rock, and let the community and their livestock drink.”

⁹ So Moses took the staff from before^[ax] Yahweh just as he command him, ¹⁰ and Moses and Aaron summoned the assembly to the presence of the rock, and he said to them, “Please listen, you rebels; can we bring out water for you from this rock?” ¹¹ Then Moses lifted up his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice. And abundant water went out, and the community and their livestock drank. ¹² But Yahweh said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you have not trusted in me, to regard me as holy in the sight of^[ay] the Israelites,^[az] you will not bring this assembly into the land that I have given to them.” ¹³ Those were the waters of Meribah, where the Israelites^[ba] quarreled with Yahweh, and he showed himself holy among them.

¹⁴ From Kadesh Moses sent messengers to the king of Edom: “Thus your brother Israel has said, ‘You know all the hardship that has found us; ¹⁵ our ancestors^[bb] went down to Egypt, and we lived in Egypt a long time,^[bc] and the Egyptians mistreated us and our ancestors.^{[bd] 16} Then we cried to Yahweh, and he heard our voice; he sent an angel and brought us out from Egypt. And look, we are in Kadesh, a city on the edge of your territory. ¹⁷ Please let us go through your land. We will not go through a field or vineyard, and we will not drink water from a well. We will go along the road of the king; we will not turn aside right or left until we have gone through your territory.’”

¹⁸ Then Edom said to him, “You will not pass through us^[be] lest we will go out^[bf] to meet you with the sword.” ¹⁹ The Israelites^[bg] said to him, “We will go up on the main road, and if we^[bh] and our livestock^[bi] drink your water, we will pay for it.^[bj] It is only a small matter; let us pass through on our feet.”^{[bk] 20} But he said, “You will not go through.” And Edom went out to meet them^[bl] with a large army and a strong hand. ²¹ So Edom refused to give Israel passage through his territory, and Israel turned aside from him.

Aaron Dies

²² And they set out from Kadesh. The Israelites,^[bm] the whole community, came to Mount Hor. ²³ Yahweh said to Moses and to Aaron on Mount Hor, on the boundary of the land of Edom, saying, ²⁴ “Let Aaron be gathered to his people; he will not come into the land that I have given to the Israelites^[bn] because you rebelled against my word^[bo] at the waters of Meribah. ²⁵ Take Aaron and Eleazar his son, and take them up Mount Hor. ²⁶ Strip off Aaron’s garments, and put them on Eleazar his son; Aaron will be gathered to his people, and he will die there.” ²⁷ So Moses did just as Yahweh commanded, and they went up to Mount Hor before the eyes of all the community. ²⁸ And Moses stripped off Aaron’s garments and put them on Eleazar his son. Aaron died there on the top of the mountain; and Moses and Eleazar went down from the mountain. ²⁹ All the community saw that Aaron died; so all the house of Israel wept for Aaron thirty days.^[bp]