Beginning
Lot Leaves Sodom
19 The two ·angels [messengers] came to Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting near the ·city gate [L gate of Sodom; C the administrative center of a city]. When he saw them, he got up ·and went to [to meet] them and bowed facedown on the ground. 2 Lot said, “·Sirs [My lords], please come to ·my [L your servant’s] house and spend the night. There you can wash your feet, and then ·tomorrow you may [L you can get up early and] continue your journey.”
The ·angels [messengers] answered, “No, we will spend the night in the city’s public square.”
3 But Lot ·begged them [entreated/urged them strongly] to come, so they ·agreed [L turned aside to him] and went to his house. Then Lot prepared a ·meal [feast; banquet] for them. He baked ·bread without yeast [unleavened bread], and they ate it.
4 Before ·bedtime [L they lay down], men both young and old and from every part of Sodom surrounded Lot’s house. 5 They called to Lot, “Where are the two men who came to you tonight? Bring them out to us so we can ·have sexual relations with [L know] them.”
6 Lot went ·outside [L out the door] to them, closing the door behind him. 7 He said, “No, my brothers! Do not do this evil thing. 8 Look! I have two daughters who have never ·slept with [had sexual relations with; L known] a man. I will give them to you, and you may do anything you want with them. But please don’t do anything to these men. They have come ·to my house, and I must protect them [L under the shelter/shade of my roof].”
9 The men around the house answered, “·Move out of the way [Stand back]!” Then they said to each other, “This ·man Lot [fellow; L one] came to our city as a ·stranger [sojourner; wanderer; resident alien], and now he wants to ·tell us what to do [L judge us]!” They said to Lot, “We will do worse things to you than to them.” They started pushing him back and were ready to break down the door.
10 But ·the two men staying with Lot [L the men] ·opened the door, [L reached out their hands and] pulled him back inside the house, and then closed the door. 11 They struck those outside the door with ·blindness [a blinding flash], so the men, both ·young and old [L small and great], could not find the door.
12 The two men said to Lot, “Do you have ·any other relatives in this city [L anyone else here]? Do you have any sons-in-law, sons, daughters, or any other relatives? If you do, ·tell them to leave now [get them out of this place], 13 because we are about to destroy this ·city [L place]. ·The Lord has heard of all the evil that is here [L Great is the outcry against them before the Lord], so he has sent us to destroy it.”
14 So Lot went out and said to his future sons-in-law who were pledged to marry his daughters, “·Hurry and leave this city [L Get up and get out of this place]! The Lord is about to destroy it!” But ·they [L his sons-in-law] thought Lot was joking.
15 ·At dawn the next morning [L As morning dawned], the ·angels [messengers] ·begged [urged] Lot to hurry. They said, “Go! Take your wife and your two daughters with you so you will not be ·destroyed [swept away] when the city is punished.”
16 But Lot ·delayed [lingered; dawdled]. So the two men ·took [grabbed; seized] the hands of Lot, his wife, and his two daughters and led them safely out of the city. So the Lord was merciful to Lot and his family. 17 After they brought them out of the city, one of the men said, “·Run [Flee] for your lives! Don’t look back or stop anywhere in the ·valley [or plain]. Run to the mountains, or you will be ·destroyed [swept away].”
18 But Lot said to one of them, “·Sir, please don’t force me to go so far [L Oh no, my lord]! 19 ·You have been merciful [L Your servant has found grace in your eyes] and ·kind to me [L you have shown great kindness to me] and have saved my life. But I can’t ·run [flee] to the mountains. The disaster will catch me, and I will die. 20 Look, that little town over there is ·not too far away [L near enough to flee to]. Let me run there. It’s really just a little town, and ·I’ll be safe there [L my life will be saved/spared].”
21 The angel said to Lot, “Very well, I will ·allow you to do this also [show you this favor; L lift up your face]. I will not ·destroy that town [L overthrow the town of which you speak]. 22 But run there fast, because I cannot ·destroy Sodom [L do anything] until you are safely in that town.” (That town is named Zoar, because it is little [C Zoar sounds like the Hebrew word for “little”].)
Sodom and Gomorrah Are Destroyed
23 The sun had already ·come up [L risen over the earth] when Lot entered Zoar. 24 The Lord sent a rain of ·burning sulfur [sulfur and fire] down from ·the sky [heaven] on Sodom and Gomorrah 25 and ·destroyed [overturned] those cities. He also ·destroyed [overturned] the whole ·Jordan Valley [valley; or plain], everyone living in the cities, and even all the plants.
26 At that point Lot’s wife looked back. When she did, she became a pillar of salt.
27 Early the next morning, Abraham got up and went to the place where he had stood before the Lord. 28 He looked down toward Sodom and Gomorrah and all the ·Jordan Valley [L valley; or plain] and saw smoke rising from the land, like smoke from a furnace.
29 God destroyed the cities in the ·valley [or plain], but he remembered what Abraham had asked. So ·God saved Lot’s life, but he [L he sent Lot out of the overthrow/upheaval when he] ·destroyed [overturned] the city where Lot had lived [Deut. 29:23; Is. 1:9; 13:19; Jer. 50:40; Amos 4:11; Matt. 10:15; 11:23–24; Jude 1:7; Rev. 11:8].
Lot and His Daughters
30 Lot was afraid to continue living in Zoar, so he and his two daughters went to live in the mountains in a cave. 31 One day the ·older daughter [L firstborn] said to the younger, “Our father is old. ·Everywhere on the earth women and men marry, but there are no men around here for us to marry [L There is no man on earth to come into us according to the way of all the earth]. 32 Let’s get our father ·drunk [L to drink wine] and ·have sexual relations [L we will lie] with him. ·We can use him to have children and continue our family [L …so we may preserve offspring/seed through our father].”
33 That night the two girls ·got their father drunk [L made their father drink wine], and the ·older daughter [L firstborn] went and ·had sexual relations [L lay] with him. But Lot did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
34 The next day the ·older daughter [L firstborn] said to the younger, “Last night I ·had sexual relations [lay] with my father. Let’s get him ·drunk [L to drink wine] again tonight so you can go and ·have sexual relations [L lay] with him, too. In this way we can ·use our father to have children to continue our family [preserve offspring/seed through our father].” 35 So that night they got their father ·drunk [L to drink wine] again, and the younger daughter went and ·had sexual relations [L lay] with him. Again, Lot did not know when she lay down or when she got up.
36 So both of Lot’s daughters ·became pregnant [conceived] by their father. 37 The older daughter gave birth to a son and named him Moab. He is the ancestor of all the Moabite people who are still living today [C located to the east of the Dead Sea in what is today Jordan; the name sounds like “from the father” in Hebrew]. 38 The younger daughter also gave birth to a son and named him Ben-Ammi [C sounds like “son of my relative” in Hebrew]. He is the father of all the Ammonite people [C located just north of Moab; Moab and Ammon were enemies of Israel] who are still living today [C at the time this was written].
Abraham Tricks Abimelech
20 Abraham left Hebron [13:18] and traveled to ·southern Canaan [L the Negev; 13:1] where he stayed awhile between Kadesh [16:14] and Shur [16:7]. When he ·moved to [sojourned/lived as an alien in] Gerar [C north of Kadesh and Shur; present-day Tell Abu Hureirah], 2 he said to people about Sarah his wife, “She is my sister” [12:10–20; 26:1–11]. Abimelech king of Gerar heard this, so he sent some servants to take her. 3 But one night God spoke to Abimelech in a dream and said, “You will die. The woman you took is married.”
4 But Abimelech had not gone near Sarah, so he said, “Lord, would you ·destroy [L kill; slay] an innocent nation? 5 ·Abraham himself told [L Did he not tell…?] me, ‘This woman is my sister,’ and ·she also said [L did she not also say…?], ‘He is my brother.’ I ·am innocent and did not know I was doing anything wrong [L did this with a pure conscience/blameless heart and innocent hands].”
6 Then God said to Abimelech in the dream, “Yes, I know you did ·not realize what you were doing [this with a pure conscience/L blameless heart]. So I ·did not allow you to sin [restrained you from sinning] against me and touch her. 7 Give ·Abraham [L the man] his wife back. He is a prophet [C one who interceded for others]. He will pray for you, and you will not die. But if you do not give Sarah back, you and all ·your family [L who belong to you] will surely die.”
8 So early the next morning, Abimelech called all his ·officers [L servants] and told them everything that had happened in the dream. They were very afraid. 9 Then Abimelech called Abraham to him and said, “What have you done to us? What ·wrong [offense; sin] did I do against you? Why did you bring this ·trouble [great offense/guilt; L great sin] to my kingdom? You should not have done these things to me. 10 What ·were you thinking [possessed you] that caused you to do this?”
11 Then Abraham answered, “I thought no one in this place ·respected [feared] God and that someone would kill me to get ·Sarah [L my wife]. 12 And it is true that she is my sister. She is the daughter of my father, but she is not the daughter of my mother, and she became my wife. 13 When God ·told me to leave my father’s house and wander in many different places [L caused me to wander from my father’s home; 12:1], I told Sarah, ‘You must ·do a special favor for [or show loyalty to] me. Everywhere we go tell people, “He is my brother.”’”
14 Then Abimelech gave Abraham some sheep, cattle, and male and female slaves. He also gave Sarah, Abraham’s wife, back to him 15 and said, “·Look around you at my land [L My land is before you]. You may live anywhere you want.”
16 Abimelech said to Sarah, “I gave your brother Abraham ·twenty-five pounds [L one thousand pieces] of silver ·to make up for any wrong that people may think about you [L —a covering of the eyes to all who are with you; C an indication that nothing improper happened]. I want everyone to know that you are innocent.”
17 Then Abraham prayed to God, and God healed Abimelech, his wife, and his servant girls so they could have children. 18 The Lord had ·kept all the women in Abimelech’s house from having children [L closed up every womb of the house of Abimelech] ·as a punishment on Abimelech for taking [L on account of] Abraham’s wife Sarah.
A Baby for Sarah
21 The Lord ·cared for [visited] Sarah as he had said and did for her what he had promised. 2 Sarah ·became pregnant [conceived] and gave birth to a son for Abraham in his old age. Everything happened at the time God had said it would. 3 Abraham named his son Isaac, the son Sarah gave birth to. 4 He circumcised [17:10] Isaac when he was eight days old as God had commanded.
5 Abraham was one hundred years old when his son Isaac was born. 6 And Sarah said, “God has made me laugh [C the name Isaac is related to a Hebrew word meaning “laugh”]. Everyone who hears about this will laugh ·with [or at] me. 7 No one thought that I would ·be able to have Abraham’s child [L suckle/nurse children], but even though Abraham is old I have given him a son.”
Hagar and Ishmael Leave
8 Isaac grew, and when he ·became old enough to eat food [was weaned], Abraham gave a great feast [L on the day of his weaning]. 9 But Sarah saw ·Ishmael [L the son of Hagar the Egyptian] ·making fun of Isaac [laughing; or playing]. 10 So Sarah said to Abraham, “·Throw [Drive] out this slave woman and her son. Her son should not inherit anything; my son Isaac should receive it all [Gal. 4:21—5:1].”
11 This ·troubled [distressed; upset] Abraham very much because Ishmael was also his son. 12 But God said to Abraham, “Don’t be ·troubled [distressed; upset] about the boy and the slave woman. Do ·whatever [all] Sarah tells you. ·The descendants I promised you will be from [L The seed will be named for you through] Isaac. 13 I will also make the ·descendants of Ishmael [L the son of your slave woman] into a great nation because he is your ·son [L seed], too.”
14 Early the next morning Abraham [L got up and] took some food and a ·leather bag full [skin] of water. He gave them to Hagar and sent her away. Carrying these things and her son [L on her shoulder], Hagar went and wandered [C the verb may imply moving aimlessly and without hope] in the ·desert [wilderness] of Beersheba [C an area in the northern part of the Negev, southern Canaan].
15 Later, when all the water was ·gone [finished] from the ·bag [skin], Hagar put her son under a bush. 16 Then she went a good way off, the distance of a bowshot, and sat down across from him. She thought, “My son will die, and I cannot watch this happen.” She sat there across from him and began to cry.
17 God heard the ·boy crying [L sound/voice of the boy], and God’s ·angel [messenger; 16:7] called to Hagar from heaven. He said, “What is wrong, Hagar? Don’t be afraid! God has heard the ·boy crying [L the sound/voice of the boy] there. 18 ·Help [Get up and lift] him up and take him by the hand. I will make ·his descendants [L him] into a great nation.” [C Ishmael is considered the ancestor of the Arab people.]
19 Then God [L opened her eyes and] showed Hagar a well of water. So she went to the well and filled her ·bag [skin] with water and gave the boy a drink.
20 God was with the boy as he grew up. Ishmael lived in the ·desert [wilderness] and became an archer. 21 He lived in the Desert of Paran [C a region in the eastern Sinai peninsula], and his mother found a wife for him in Egypt [C Hagar’s original homeland].
Abraham’s Bargain with Abimelech
22 ·Then [At that time] Abimelech came with Phicol, the commander of his army, and said to Abraham, “God is with you in everything you do. 23 So ·make a promise to me here before [swear to me by] God that you will ·be fair [L not deal falsely] with me and my children and my descendants. Be ·kind [loyal] to me and to this land where you have lived as a ·stranger [sojourner; wanderer; resident alien]—as ·kind [loyal] as I have been to you.”
24 And Abraham said, “I ·promise [swear].” 25 Then Abraham ·complained to [reproved; reproached] Abimelech about Abimelech’s servants who had seized a well of water.
26 But Abimelech said, “I don’t know who did this. You never told me [L and I have not heard] about this before today.”
27 Then Abraham gave Abimelech some sheep and cattle, and they made an ·agreement [covenant; treaty]. 28 Abraham also put seven female lambs ·in front of Abimelech [L apart by themselves].
29 Abimelech asked Abraham, “Why did you put these seven female lambs by themselves?”
30 Abraham answered, “Accept these lambs from ·me [L my hand] to ·prove that you believe [verify/witness that] I dug this well.”
31 So that place was called Beersheba [21:14; C meaning either “well of seven” or “well of promise”] because they ·made a promise to each other [swore an oath] there.
32 After Abraham and Abimelech ·made the agreement [L cut a covenant/treaty] at Beersheba, Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, went back to the land of the Philistines [C a region on the southern Mediterranean coast of Canaan].
33 Abraham planted a tamarisk tree at Beersheba and prayed to the Lord, the ·God who lives forever [eternal God]. 34 And Abraham lived as a ·stranger [wanderer; sojourner; resident alien] in the land of the Philistines for ·a long time [L many days].
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