The Testing of Your Faith

[a](A)James, a (B)bond-servant of God and (C)of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To (D)the twelve tribes who are [b](E)dispersed abroad: (F)Greetings.

(G)Consider it all joy, my brothers and sisters, when you encounter (H)various [c]trials, knowing that (I)the testing of your (J)faith produces [d](K)endurance. And let [e](L)endurance have its perfect [f]result, so that you may be [g](M)perfect and complete, lacking in nothing.

But if any of you (N)lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all generously and [h]without reproach, and (O)it will be given to him. But he must (P)ask in faith (Q)without any doubting, for the one who doubts is like the surf of the sea, (R)driven and tossed by the wind. For that person ought not to expect that he will receive anything from the Lord, being a (S)[i]double-minded man, (T)unstable in all his ways.

(U)Now the brother or sister of humble circumstances is to glory in his high position; 10 but the rich person is to glory in his [j]humiliation, because (V)like [k]flowering grass he will pass away. 11 For the sun rises with (W)its scorching heat and (X)withers the grass; and its flower falls off and the beauty of its appearance is destroyed; so also the rich person, in the midst of his pursuits, will die out.

12 (Y)Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has [l]been approved, he will receive (Z)the crown of life which the Lord (AA)has promised to those who (AB)love Him. 13 No one is to say when he is tempted, “(AC)I am being tempted [m]by God”; for God cannot be tempted [n]by evil, and He Himself does not tempt anyone. 14 But each one is tempted when he is carried away and enticed by his own lust. 15 Then (AD)when lust has conceived, it gives birth to sin; and (AE)sin, when it has run its course, brings forth death. 16 (AF)Do not be [o]deceived, (AG)my beloved brothers and sisters. 17 Every good thing given and every perfect gift is (AH)from above, coming down from (AI)the Father of lights, (AJ)with whom there is no variation or [p]shifting shadow. 18 In the exercise of (AK)His will He (AL)gave us birth by (AM)the word of truth, so that we would be [q]a kind of (AN)first fruits [r]among His creatures.

19 [s](AO)You know this, (AP)my beloved brothers and sisters. Now everyone must be quick to hear, (AQ)slow to speak, and (AR)slow to anger; 20 for a man’s (AS)anger does not bring about the righteousness of God. 21 Therefore, (AT)ridding yourselves of all filthiness and all [t]that remains of wickedness, in [u]humility receive (AU)the word implanted, which is able to save your souls. 22 (AV)But prove yourselves doers of the word, and not just hearers who deceive themselves. 23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks at his [v]natural face (AW)in a mirror; 24 for once he has looked at himself and gone away, [w]he has immediately forgotten what kind of person he was. 25 But one who has looked intently at the perfect law, (AX)the law of freedom, and has continued in it, not having become a forgetful hearer but [x]an active doer, this person will be (AY)blessed in [y]what he does.

26 If anyone thinks himself to be religious, yet does not [z](AZ)bridle his tongue but deceives his own heart, this person’s religion is worthless. 27 Pure and undefiled religion (BA)in the sight of our God and Father is this: to (BB)visit (BC)orphans and widows in their distress, and to keep oneself unstained [aa]by (BD)the world.

The Sin of Partiality

(BE)My brothers and sisters, (BF)do not hold your faith in our (BG)glorious Lord Jesus Christ with an attitude of (BH)personal favoritism. For if a man comes into your [ab]assembly with a gold ring and is dressed in (BI)bright clothes, and a poor man in (BJ)dirty clothes also comes in, and you [ac]pay special attention to the one who is wearing the (BK)bright clothes, and say, “You sit here in a good place,” and you say to the poor man, “You stand over there, or sit down by my footstool,” have you not made distinctions among yourselves, and become judges (BL)with evil [ad]motives? Listen, (BM)my beloved brothers and sisters: did (BN)God not choose the poor [ae]of this world to be (BO)rich in faith and (BP)heirs of the kingdom which He (BQ)promised to those who love Him? But you have dishonored the poor man. Is it not the rich who oppress you and [af]personally (BR)drag you into [ag]court? (BS)Do they not blaspheme the good name [ah]by which you have been called?

If, however, you (BT)are fulfilling the [ai]royal law according to the Scripture, “(BU)You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well. But if you (BV)show partiality, you are committing sin and are convicted by the Law as violators. 10 For whoever keeps the whole Law, yet (BW)stumbles in one point, has become (BX)guilty of all. 11 For He who said, “(BY)Do not commit adultery,” also said, “(BZ)Do not murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery, but do murder, you have become a violator of the Law. 12 So speak, and so act, as those who are to be judged by (CA)the law of freedom. 13 For (CB)judgment will be merciless to one who has shown no mercy; mercy [aj]triumphs over judgment.

Faith and Works

14 (CC)What use is it, (CD)my brothers and sisters, if someone says he has faith, but he has no works? Can [ak]that faith save him? 15 (CE)If a brother or sister is without clothing and in need of daily food, 16 and one of you says to them, “(CF)Go in peace, [al]be warmed and be filled,” yet you do not give them what is necessary for their body, what use is that? 17 In the same way, (CG)faith also, if it has no works, is [am]dead, being by itself.

18 (CH)But someone [an]may well say, “You have faith and I have works; show me your (CI)faith without the works, and I will (CJ)show you my faith (CK)by my works.” 19 You believe that [ao](CL)God is one. (CM)You do well; (CN)the demons also believe, and shudder. 20 But are you willing to acknowledge, (CO)you foolish person, that (CP)faith without works is useless? 21 (CQ)Was our father Abraham not justified by works when he offered up his son Isaac on the altar? 22 You see that (CR)faith was working with his works, and [ap]as a result of the (CS)works, faith was [aq]perfected; 23 and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, “(CT)And Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness,” and he was called a (CU)friend of God. 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. 25 In the same way, was (CV)Rahab the prostitute not justified by works also (CW)when she received the messengers and sent them out by another way? 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also (CX)faith without works is dead.

The Tongue Is a Fire

(CY)Do not become teachers in large numbers, (CZ)my brothers, since you know that we who are teachers will incur a [ar]stricter judgment. For we all (DA)stumble in many ways. (DB)If anyone does not stumble in [as]what he says, he is a (DC)perfect man, able to [at](DD)rein in the whole body as well. Now (DE)if we put the bits into the horses’ mouths so that they will obey us, we direct their whole body as well. Look at the ships too: though they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are nevertheless directed by a very small rudder wherever the inclination of the pilot determines. So also the tongue is a small part of the body, and yet it (DF)boasts of great things.

(DG)See how great a forest is set aflame by such a small fire! And (DH)the tongue is a fire, the very world of unrighteousness; the tongue is set among [au]our body’s parts as that which (DI)defiles the whole body and sets on fire the course of our [av]life, and is set on fire by [aw](DJ)hell. For every [ax]species of beasts and birds, of reptiles and creatures of the sea, is tamed and has been tamed by the human [ay]race. But no one among mankind can tame the tongue; it is a restless evil, full of (DK)deadly poison. With it we bless (DL)our Lord and Father, and with it we curse people, (DM)who have been made in the likeness of God; 10 from the same mouth come both blessing and cursing. My brothers and sisters, these things should not be this way. 11 Does a spring send out from the same opening both [az]fresh and bitter water? 12 (DN)Can a fig tree, my brothers and sisters, bear olives, or a vine bear figs? Nor can salt water produce [ba]fresh.

Wisdom from Above

13 Who among you is wise and understanding? (DO)Let him show by his (DP)good behavior his deeds in the gentleness of wisdom. 14 But if you have bitter (DQ)jealousy and [bb]selfish ambition in your heart, do not be arrogant and so lie against (DR)the truth. 15 This wisdom is not that which comes down (DS)from above, but is (DT)earthly, [bc](DU)natural, (DV)demonic. 16 For where (DW)jealousy and [bd]selfish ambition exist, [be]there is disorder and every evil thing. 17 But the wisdom (DX)from above is first (DY)pure, then (DZ)peace-loving, (EA)gentle, [bf]reasonable, (EB)full of mercy and good fruits, [bg](EC)impartial, free of (ED)hypocrisy. 18 And the (EE)fruit of righteousness is sown in peace [bh]by those who make peace.

Things to Avoid

[bi]What is the source of quarrels and (EF)conflicts among you? [bj]Is the source not your pleasures that wage (EG)war in [bk]your body’s parts? You lust and do not have, so you (EH)commit murder. And you are envious and cannot obtain, so you fight and quarrel. You do not have because you do not ask. You ask and (EI)do not receive, because you ask [bl]with the wrong motives, so that you may spend what you request [bm]on your pleasures. You (EJ)adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with (EK)the world is (EL)hostility toward God? (EM)Therefore whoever wants to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Or do you think that the Scripture (EN)says to no purpose, “[bn]He [bo]jealously desires (EO)the Spirit whom He has made to dwell in us”? But (EP)He gives a greater grace. Therefore it says, “(EQ)God is opposed to the proud, but gives grace to the humble.” (ER)Submit therefore to God. But [bp](ES)resist the devil, and he will flee from you. (ET)Come close to God and He will come close to you. (EU)Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and (EV)purify your hearts, you (EW)[bq]double-minded. (EX)Be miserable, and mourn, and weep; let your laughter be turned into mourning, and your joy into gloom. 10 (EY)Humble yourselves in the presence of the Lord, and He will exalt you.

11 (EZ)Do not speak against one another, (FA)brothers and sisters. The one who speaks against a brother or sister, or (FB)judges his brother or sister, speaks against (FC)the law and judges the law; but if you judge the law, you are not (FD)a doer of the law but a judge of it. 12 There is only one (FE)Lawgiver and Judge, the One who is (FF)able to save and to destroy; but (FG)who are you, [br]judging your neighbor?

13 (FH)Come now, you who say, “(FI)Today or tomorrow we will go to such and such a city, and spend a year there and engage in business and make a profit.” 14 [bs]Yet you do not know [bt]what your life will be like tomorrow. (FJ)For you are just a vapor that appears for a little while, and then vanishes away. 15 [bu]Instead, you ought to say, “(FK)If the Lord wills, we will live and also do this or that.” 16 But as it is, you boast in your [bv]arrogance; (FL)all such boasting is evil. 17 So (FM)for one who knows the [bw]right thing to do and does not do it, for him it is sin.

Misuse of Riches

(FN)Come now, (FO)you rich people, (FP)weep and howl for your miseries which are coming upon you. (FQ)Your riches have rotted and your garments have become moth-eaten. Your gold and your silver have corroded, and their corrosion will [bx]serve as a testimony against you and will consume your flesh like fire. It is (FR)in the last days that you have stored up your treasure! Behold, (FS)the pay of the laborers who mowed your fields, and which has been withheld by you, cries out against you; and (FT)the outcry of those who did the harvesting has reached the ears of (FU)the Lord [by]of armies. You have [bz](FV)lived for pleasure on the earth and lived luxuriously; you have [ca]fattened your hearts in (FW)a day of slaughter. You have condemned and [cb](FX)put to death (FY)the righteous person; he offers you no resistance.

Exhortation

Therefore be patient, (FZ)brothers and sisters, (GA)until the coming of the Lord. (GB)The farmer waits for the precious produce of the soil, being patient about it, until [cc]it gets (GC)the early and late rains. (GD)You too be patient; (GE)strengthen your hearts, for (GF)the coming of the Lord is (GG)near. (GH)Do not [cd]complain, (GI)brothers and sisters, against one another, so that you may not be judged; behold, (GJ)the Judge is standing [ce](GK)right at the [cf]door. 10 As an example, (GL)brothers and sisters, of suffering and patience, take (GM)the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 We count those (GN)blessed who endured. You have heard of (GO)the [cg]endurance of Job and have seen (GP)the [ch]outcome of the Lord’s dealings, that (GQ)the Lord is full of compassion and is merciful.

12 But above all, (GR)my brothers and sisters, (GS)do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath; but [ci]your yes is to be yes, and your no, no, so that you do not fall under judgment.

13 Is anyone among you (GT)suffering? (GU)Then he must pray. Is anyone cheerful? He is to (GV)sing praises. 14 Is anyone among you sick? Then he must call for (GW)the elders of the church and they are to pray over him, [cj](GX)anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord; 15 and the (GY)prayer of faith will [ck](GZ)restore the one who is sick, and the Lord will (HA)raise him up, and if he has committed sins, [cl]they will be forgiven him. 16 Therefore, (HB)confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another so that you may be (HC)healed. (HD)A [cm]prayer of a righteous person, when it is [cn]brought about, can accomplish much. 17 Elijah was (HE)a man with a nature like ours, and (HF)he prayed [co]earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the earth for (HG)three years and six months. 18 Then he (HH)prayed again, and (HI)the sky [cp]poured rain and the earth produced its fruit.

19 My brothers and sisters, (HJ)if anyone among you strays from (HK)the truth and someone turns him back, 20 let him know that the one who has turned a sinner from the error of his way will (HL)save his soul from death and (HM)cover a multitude of sins.

Footnotes

  1. James 1:1 Or Jacob
  2. James 1:1 Lit in the Dispersion
  3. James 1:2 Or temptations
  4. James 1:3 Or steadfastness
  5. James 1:4 Or steadfastness
  6. James 1:4 Lit work
  7. James 1:4 Or mature
  8. James 1:5 Lit does not reproach
  9. James 1:8 I.e., a chronic doubter
  10. James 1:10 Or downfall
  11. James 1:10 Lit the flower of the grass
  12. James 1:12 Or passed the test
  13. James 1:13 Lit from
  14. James 1:13 Lit of evil things
  15. James 1:16 Or misled
  16. James 1:17 Lit shadow of turning
  17. James 1:18 Or a certain first fruits
  18. James 1:18 Lit of
  19. James 1:19 Or Know this
  20. James 1:21 Lit abundance of malice
  21. James 1:21 Or gentleness
  22. James 1:23 Lit the face of his birth; or nature
  23. James 1:24 Lit and he
  24. James 1:25 Lit a doer of a work
  25. James 1:25 Lit his doing
  26. James 1:26 Or control
  27. James 1:27 Lit from
  28. James 2:2 Or synagogue
  29. James 2:3 Lit look at
  30. James 2:4 Lit reasonings
  31. James 2:5 Lit to the
  32. James 2:6 Lit they themselves
  33. James 2:6 Lit courts
  34. James 2:7 Lit which has been called upon you
  35. James 2:8 Or law of our King
  36. James 2:13 Lit boasts against
  37. James 2:14 Lit the
  38. James 2:16 Or warm yourselves and fill yourselves
  39. James 2:17 Or dead by its own standards
  40. James 2:18 Lit will
  41. James 2:19 One early ms there is one God
  42. James 2:22 Or by the deeds
  43. James 2:22 Or completed
  44. James 3:1 Or greater condemnation; i.e., for erroneous doctrine
  45. James 3:2 Lit word
  46. James 3:2 Or hold in check
  47. James 3:6 Lit our parts
  48. James 3:6 Or existence, origin
  49. James 3:6 Gr Gehenna
  50. James 3:7 Lit nature
  51. James 3:7 Lit nature
  52. James 3:11 Lit sweet
  53. James 3:12 Lit sweet
  54. James 3:14 Or strife
  55. James 3:15 Or unspiritual
  56. James 3:16 Or strife
  57. James 3:16 I.e., in that place
  58. James 3:17 Or willing to yield
  59. James 3:17 Or unwavering
  60. James 3:18 Or for
  61. James 4:1 Lit From where wars and from where fightings
  62. James 4:1 Lit Are they not from here, from your
  63. James 4:1 Lit your parts
  64. James 4:3 Lit wrongly
  65. James 4:3 Lit in
  66. James 4:5 Or The spirit which He has made to dwell in us lusts with envy
  67. James 4:5 Lit desires to jealousy
  68. James 4:7 Or oppose
  69. James 4:8 I.e., chronic doubters
  70. James 4:12 Lit the one judging
  71. James 4:14 Lit Who do not
  72. James 4:14 Or what will happen tomorrow. What kind of life is yours?
  73. James 4:15 Lit Instead of your saying
  74. James 4:16 Or pretensions
  75. James 4:17 Or good
  76. James 5:3 Lit be for
  77. James 5:4 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth
  78. James 5:5 Or led a life of self-indulgence
  79. James 5:5 Lit nourished
  80. James 5:6 Or murdered
  81. James 5:7 Or he
  82. James 5:9 Lit groan
  83. James 5:9 Lit before
  84. James 5:9 Lit doors
  85. James 5:11 Or steadfastness
  86. James 5:11 Lit end of the Lord
  87. James 5:12 Lit yours is to be yes, yes, and no, no
  88. James 5:14 Lit having anointed
  89. James 5:15 Lit save
  90. James 5:15 Lit it
  91. James 5:16 Or supplication
  92. James 5:16 I.e., granted by God
  93. James 5:17 Lit with prayer
  94. James 5:18 Lit gave

Salutation

James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ,

To the twelve tribes in the dispersion:

Greetings.

Faith and Wisdom

My brothers and sisters, whenever you face various trials, consider it all joy,(A) because you know that the testing of your faith produces endurance. And let endurance complete its work, so that you may be complete and whole, lacking in nothing.

If any of you is lacking in wisdom, ask God, who gives to all generously and ungrudgingly, and it will be given you.(B) But ask in faith, never doubting, for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea, driven and tossed by the wind.(C) 7,8 For the doubter, being double-minded and unstable in every way, must not expect to receive anything from the Lord.

Poverty and Riches

Let the brother or sister of humble means boast in having a high position 10 and the rich in having been humbled, because the rich will disappear like a flower in the field.(D) 11 For the sun rises with its scorching heat and withers the field; its flower falls, and its beauty perishes. It is the same way with the rich; in the midst of a busy life, they will wither away.

Trial and Temptation

12 Blessed is anyone who endures temptation. Such a one has stood the test and will receive the crown of life that the Lord[a] has promised to those who love him.(E) 13 No one, when tempted, should say, “I am being tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted by evil and he himself tempts no one. 14 But one is tempted by one’s own desire, being lured and enticed by it; 15 then, when desire has conceived, it engenders sin, and sin, when it is fully grown, gives birth to death.(F)

16 Do not be deceived, my beloved brothers and sisters. 17 Every generous act of giving, with every perfect gift, is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.[b](G) 18 In fulfillment of his own purpose he gave birth to us by the word of truth, so that we would become a kind of first fruits of his creatures.(H)

Hearing and Doing the Word

19 You must understand this, my beloved brothers and sisters: let everyone be quick to listen, slow to speak, slow to anger,(I) 20 for human anger does not produce God’s righteousness.[c] 21 Therefore rid yourselves of all sordidness and rank growth of wickedness, and welcome with meekness the implanted word that has the power to save your souls.(J)

22 But be doers of the word and not merely hearers who deceive themselves.(K) 23 For if any are hearers of the word and not doers, they are like those who look at themselves[d] in a mirror;(L) 24 for they look at themselves and, on going away, immediately forget what they were like. 25 But those who look into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and persevere, being not hearers who forget but doers who act—they will be blessed in their doing.(M)

26 If any think they are religious and do not bridle their tongues but deceive their hearts, their religion is worthless.(N) 27 Religion that is pure and undefiled before God the Father is this: to care for orphans and widows in their distress and to keep oneself unstained by the world.(O)

Warning against Partiality

My brothers and sisters, do not claim the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ of glory while showing partiality.(P) For if a person with gold rings and in fine clothes comes into your assembly, and if a poor person in dirty clothes also comes in, and if you take notice of the one wearing the fine clothes and say, “Have a seat here in a good place, please,” while to the one who is poor you say, “Stand there,” or, “Sit by my footstool,”(Q) have you not made distinctions among yourselves and become judges with evil thoughts? Listen, my beloved brothers and sisters. Has not God chosen the poor in the world to be rich in faith and to be heirs of the kingdom that he has promised to those who love him?(R) But you have dishonored the poor person. Is it not the rich who oppress you? Is it not they who drag you into the courts?(S) Is it not they who blaspheme the excellent name that was invoked over you?

If you really fulfill the royal law according to the scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you do well.(T) But if you show partiality, you commit sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors. 10 For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.(U) 11 For the one who said, “You shall not commit adultery,” also said, “You shall not murder.” Now if you do not commit adultery but you murder, you have become a transgressor of[e] the law.(V) 12 So speak and so act as those who are to be judged by the law of liberty.(W) 13 For judgment will be without mercy to anyone who has shown no mercy; mercy triumphs over judgment.(X)

Faith without Works Is Dead

14 What good is it, my brothers and sisters, if someone claims to have faith but does not have works? Surely that faith cannot save, can it?(Y) 15 If a brother or sister is naked and lacks daily food(Z) 16 and one of you says to them, “Go in peace; keep warm and eat your fill,” and yet you do not supply their bodily needs, what is the good of that? 17 So faith by itself, if it has no works, is dead.

18 But someone will say, “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith apart from works, and I by my works will show you faith.(AA) 19 You believe that God is one; you do well. Even the demons believe—and shudder.(AB) 20 Do you want to be shown, you senseless person, that faith apart from works is worthless?[f] 21 Was not our ancestor Abraham justified by works when he offered his son Isaac on the altar?(AC) 22 You see that faith was active along with his works, and by works faith was brought to completion.(AD) 23 Thus the scripture was fulfilled that says, “Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness,”[g] and he was called the friend of God.(AE) 24 You see that a person is justified by works and not by faith alone. 25 Likewise, was not Rahab the prostitute also justified by works when she welcomed the messengers[h] and sent them out by another road?(AF) 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without works is also dead.

Taming the Tongue

Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers and sisters, for you know that we who teach will face stricter judgment.(AG) For all of us make many mistakes. Anyone who makes no mistakes in speaking is mature,[i] able to keep the whole body in check with a bridle.(AH) If we put bits into the mouths of horses to make them obey us, we guide their whole bodies. Or look at ships: though they are so large and are driven by strong winds, yet they are guided by a very small rudder wherever the will of the pilot directs. So also the tongue is a small member, yet it boasts of great exploits.

How great a forest is set ablaze by a such a small fire!(AI) And the tongue is a fire. The tongue is placed among our members as a world of iniquity; it stains the whole body, sets on fire the cycle of life, and is itself set on fire by hell.[j](AJ) For every species of beast and bird, of reptile and sea creature, can be tamed and has been tamed by the human species, but no one can tame the tongue—a restless[k] evil, full of deadly poison.(AK) With it we bless the Lord[l] and Father, and with it we curse people, made in the likeness of God.(AL) 10 From the same mouth comes a blessing and a curse. My brothers and sisters, this ought not to be so. 11 Does a spring pour forth from the same opening both fresh and brackish water? 12 Can a fig tree, my brothers and sisters, yield olives or a grapevine figs? No more can salt water yield fresh.

Two Kinds of Wisdom

13 Who is wise and knowledgeable among you? Show by your good life that your works are done with gentleness born of wisdom.(AM) 14 But if you have bitter envy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not be arrogant and lie about the truth. 15 This is not wisdom that comes down from above but is earthly, unspiritual, devilish.(AN) 16 For where there is envy and selfish ambition, there will also be disorder and wickedness of every kind.(AO) 17 But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, willing to yield, full of mercy and good fruits, without a trace of partiality or hypocrisy.(AP) 18 And the fruit of righteousness[m] is sown in peace by those who make peace.(AQ)

Friendship with the World

Those conflicts and disputes among you, where do they come from? Do they not come from your cravings that are at war within you? You want something and do not have it, so you commit murder. And you covet[n] something and cannot obtain it, so you engage in disputes and conflicts. You do not have because you do not ask. You ask and do not receive because you ask wrongly, in order to spend what you get on your pleasures.(AR) Adulterers![o] Do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world becomes an enemy of God.(AS) Or do you suppose that the scripture speaks to no purpose? Does the spirit that God caused to dwell[p] in us desire envy?(AT) But God gives all the more grace; therefore it says,

“God opposes the proud
    but gives grace to the humble.”(AU)

Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.(AV) Draw near to God, and he will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners, and purify your hearts, you double-minded.(AW) Lament and mourn and weep. Let your laughter be turned into mourning and your joy into dejection. 10 Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will exalt you.(AX)

Warning against Judging Another

11 Do not speak evil against one another, brothers and sisters. Whoever speaks evil against another or judges another speaks evil against the law and judges the law, but if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but a judge.(AY) 12 There is one lawgiver and judge[q] who is able to save and to destroy. So who, then, are you to judge your neighbor?(AZ)

Boasting about Tomorrow

13 Come now, you who say, “Today or tomorrow we will go to such and such a town and spend a year there, doing business and making money.”(BA) 14 Yet you do not even know what tomorrow will bring. What is your life? For you are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.(BB) 15 Instead you ought to say, “If the Lord wishes, we will live and do this or that.”(BC) 16 As it is, you boast in your arrogance; all such boasting is evil. 17 Anyone, then, who knows the right thing to do and fails to do it commits sin.(BD)

Warning to Rich Oppressors

Come now, you rich people, weep and wail for the miseries that are coming to you. Your riches have rotted, and your clothes are moth-eaten.(BE) Your gold and silver have rusted, and their rust will be evidence against you, and it will eat your flesh like fire. You have laid up treasure[r] during the last days. Listen! The wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, cry out, and the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.(BF) You have lived on the earth in luxury and in pleasure; you have nourished your hearts in a day of slaughter.(BG) You have condemned and murdered the righteous one, who does not resist you.

Patience in Suffering

Be patient, therefore, brothers and sisters, until the coming of the Lord. The farmer waits for the precious crop from the earth, being patient with it until it receives the early and the late rains.(BH) You also must be patient. Strengthen your hearts, for the coming of the Lord is near.[s](BI) Brothers and sisters, do not grumble against one another, so that you may not be judged. See, the Judge is standing at the doors!(BJ) 10 As an example of suffering and patience, brothers and sisters, take the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. 11 Indeed, we call blessed those who showed endurance. You have heard of the endurance of Job, and you have seen the outcome that the Lord brought about, for the Lord is compassionate and merciful.(BK)

12 Above all, brothers and sisters, do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or by any other oath, but let your “Yes” be yes and your “No” be no, so that you may not fall under condemnation.[t]

The Prayer of Faith

13 Are any among you suffering? They should pray. Are any cheerful? They should sing songs of praise.(BL) 14 Are any among you sick? They should call for the elders of the church and have them pray over them, anointing them with oil in the name of the Lord.(BM) 15 The prayer of faith will save the sick, and the Lord will raise them up, and anyone who has committed sins will be forgiven. 16 Therefore confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, so that you may be healed. The prayer of the righteous is powerful and effective.(BN) 17 Elijah was a human like us, and he prayed fervently that it might not rain, and for three years and six months it did not rain on the earth.(BO) 18 Then he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain, and the earth yielded its harvest.(BP)

19 My brothers and sisters, if anyone among you wanders from the truth[u] and is brought back by another, 20 you should know that whoever brings back a sinner from wandering will save the sinner’s[v] soul from death and will cover a multitude of sins.(BQ)

Footnotes

  1. 1.12 Gk he; other ancient authorities read God
  2. 1.17 Other ancient authorities read variation due to a shadow of turning
  3. 1.20 Or justice
  4. 1.23 Gk at the face of his birth
  5. 2.11 Other ancient authorities read a rebel against
  6. 2.20 Other ancient authorities read dead or empty
  7. 2.23 Or justice
  8. 2.25 Other ancient authorities read spies
  9. 3.2 Gk a mature man
  10. 3.6 Gk Gehenna
  11. 3.8 Other ancient authorities read uncontrollable
  12. 3.9 Other ancient authorities read God
  13. 3.18 Or justice
  14. 4.2 Or you murder and you covet
  15. 4.4 Gk Adulterous women; other ancient authorities read Adulterous men and women
  16. 4.5 Other ancient authorities read the spirit that dwells
  17. 4.12 Other ancient authorities lack and judge
  18. 5.3 Or will eat your flesh, since you have stored up fire
  19. 5.8 Or is at hand
  20. 5.12 Other ancient authorities read into hypocrisy
  21. 5.19 Other ancient authorities read from the way of truth
  22. 5.20 Gk his

James the servant of God, and of our Lord Jesus Christ, to the twelve tribes which are scattered abroad, greeting.

My brethren, count it all joy, when you shall fall into divers temptations;

Knowing that the trying of your faith worketh patience.

And patience hath a perfect work; that you may be perfect and entire, failing in nothing.

But if any of you want wisdom, let him ask of God, who giveth to all men abundantly, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.

But let him ask in faith, nothing wavering. For he that wavereth is like a wave of the sea, which is moved and carried about by the wind.

Therefore let not that man think that he shall receive any thing of the Lord.

A double minded man is inconstant in all his ways.

But let the brother of low condition glory in his exaltation:

10 And the rich, in his being low; because as the flower of the grass shall he pass away.

11 For the sun rose with a burning heat, and parched the grass, and the flower thereof fell off, and the beauty of the shape thereof perished: so also shall the rich man fade away in his ways.

12 Blessed is the man that endureth temptation; for when he hath been proved, he shall receive a crown of life, which God hath promised to them that love him.

13 Let no man, when he is tempted, say that he is tempted by God. For God is not a tempter of evils, and he tempteth no man.

14 But every man is tempted by his own concupiscence, being drawn away and allured.

15 Then when concupiscence hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin. But sin, when it is completed, begetteth death.

16 Do not err, therefore, my dearest brethren.

17 Every best gift, and every perfect gift, is from above, coming down from the Father of lights, with whom there is no change, nor shadow of alteration.

18 For of his own will hath he begotten us by the word of truth, that we might be some beginning of his creatures.

19 You know, my dearest brethren. And let every man be swift to hear, but slow to speak, and slow to anger.

20 For the anger of man worketh not the justice of God.

21 Wherefore casting away all uncleanness, and abundance of naughtiness, with meekness receive the ingrafted word, which is able to save your souls.

22 But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves.

23 For if a man be a hearer of the word, and not a doer, he shall be compared to a man beholding his own countenance in a glass.

24 For he beheld himself, and went his way, and presently forgot what manner of man he was.

25 But he that hath looked into the perfect law of liberty, and hath continued therein, not becoming a forgetful hearer, but a doer of the work; this man shall be blessed in his deed.

26 And if any man think himself to be religious, not bridling his tongue, but deceiving his own heart, this man's religion is vain.

27 Religion clean and undefiled before God and the Father, is this: to visit the fatherless and widows in their tribulation: and to keep one's self unspotted from this world.

My brethren, have not the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ of glory with respect of persons.

For if there shall come into your assembly a man having a golden ring, in fine apparel, and there shall come in also a poor man in mean attire,

And you have respect to him that is clothed with the fine apparel, and shall say to him: Sit thou here well; but say to the poor man: Stand thou there, or sit under my footstool:

Do you not judge within yourselves, and are become judges of unjust thoughts?

Hearken, my dearest brethren: hath not God chosen the poor in this world, rich in faith, and heirs of the kingdom which God hath promised to them that love him?

But you have dishonoured the poor man. Do not the rich oppress you by might? and do not they draw you before the judgment seats?

Do not they blaspheme the good name that is invoked upon you?

If then you fulfill the royal law, according to the scriptures, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself; you do well.

But if you have respect to persons, you commit sin, being reproved by the law as transgressors.

10 And whosoever shall keep the whole law, but offend in one point, is become guilty of all.

11 For he that said, Thou shalt not commit adultery, said also, Thou shalt not kill. Now if thou do not commit adultery, but shalt kill, thou art become a transgressor of the law.

12 So speak ye, and so do, as being to be judged by the law of liberty.

13 For judgment without mercy to him that hath not done mercy. And mercy exalteth itself above judgment.

14 What shall it profit, my brethren, if a man say he hath faith, but hath not works? Shall faith be able to save him?

15 And if a brother or sister be naked, and want daily food:

16 And one of you say to them: Go in peace, be ye warmed and filled; yet give them not those things that are necessary for the body, what shall it profit?

17 So faith also, if it have not works, is dead in itself.

18 But some man will say: Thou hast faith, and I have works: shew me thy faith without works; and I will shew thee, by works, my faith.

19 Thou believest that there is one God. Thou dost well: the devils also believe and tremble.

20 But wilt thou know, O vain man, that faith without works is dead?

21 Was not Abraham our father justified by works, offering up Isaac his son upon the altar?

22 Seest thou, that faith did co-operate with his works; and by works faith was made perfect?

23 And the scripture was fulfilled, saying: Abraham believed God, and it was reputed to him to justice, and he was called the friend of God.

24 Do you see that by works a man is justified; and not by faith only?

25 And in like manner also Rahab the harlot, was not she justified by works, receiving the messengers, and sending them out another way?

26 For even as the body without the spirit is dead; so also faith without works is dead.

Be ye not many masters, my brethren, knowing that you receive the greater judgment.

For in many things we all offend. If any man offend not in word, the same is a perfect man. He is able also with a bridle to lead about the whole body.

For if we put bits into the mouths of horses, that they may obey us, and we turn about their whole body.

Behold also ships, whereas they are great, and are driven by strong winds, yet are they turned about with a small helm, whithersoever the force of the governor willeth.

Even so the tongue is indeed a little member, and boasteth great things. Behold how small a fire kindleth a great wood.

And the tongue is a fire, a world of iniquity. The tongue is placed among our members, which defileth the whole body, and inflameth the wheel of our nativity, being set on fire by hell.

For every nature of beasts, and of birds, and of serpents, and of the rest, is tamed, and hath been tamed, by the nature of man:

But the tongue no man can tame, an unquiet evil, full of deadly poison.

By it we bless God and the Father: and by it we curse men, who are made after the likeness of God.

10 Out of the same mouth proceedeth blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not so to be.

11 Doth a fountain send forth, out of the same hole, sweet and bitter water?

12 Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear grapes; or the vine, figs? So neither can the salt water yield sweet.

13 Who is a wise man, and endued with knowledge among you? Let him shew, by a good conversation, his work in the meekness of wisdom.

14 But if you have bitter zeal, and there be contentions in your hearts; glory not, and be not liars against the truth.

15 For this is not wisdom, descending from above: but earthly, sensual, devilish.

16 For where envying and contention is, there is inconstancy, and every evil work.

17 But the wisdom, that is from above, first indeed is chaste, then peaceable, modest, easy to be persuaded, consenting to the good, full of mercy and good fruits, without judging, without dissimulation.

18 And the fruit of justice is sown in peace, to them that make peace.

From whence are wars and contentions among you? Are they not hence, from your concupiscences, which war in your members?

You covet, and have not: you kill, and envy, and can not obtain. You contend and war, and you have not, because you ask not.

You ask, and receive not; because you ask amiss: that you may consume it on your concupiscences.

Adulterers, know you not that the friendship of this world is the enemy of God? Whosoever therefore will be a friend of this world, becometh an enemy of God.

Or do you think that the scripture saith in vain: To envy doth the spirit covet which dwelleth in you?

But he giveth greater grace. Wherefore he saith: God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.

Be subject therefore to God, but resist the devil, and he will fly from you.

Draw nigh to God, and he will draw nigh to you. Cleanse your hands, ye sinners: and purify your hearts, ye double minded.

Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned into mourning, and your joy into sorrow.

10 Be humbled in the sight of the Lord, and he will exalt you.

11 Detract not one another, my brethren. He that detracteth his brother, or he that judgeth his brother, detracteth the law, and judgeth the law. But if thou judge the law, thou art not a doer of the law, but a judge.

12 There is one lawgiver, and judge, that is able to destroy and to deliver.

13 But who art thou that judgest thy neighbour? Behold, now you that say: To day or to morrow we will go into such a city, and there we will spend a year, and will traffic, and make our gain.

14 Whereas you know not what shall be on the morrow.

15 For what is your life? It is a vapour which appeareth for a little while, and afterwards shall vanish away. For that you should say: If the Lord will, and if we shall live, we will do this or that.

16 But now you rejoice in your arrogancies. All such rejoicing is wicked.

17 To him therefore who knoweth to do good, and doth it not, to him it is sin.

Go to now, ye rich men, weep and howl in your miseries, which shall come upon you.

Your riches are corrupted: and your garments are motheaten.

Your gold and silver is cankered: and the rust of them shall be for a testimony against you, and shall eat your flesh like fire. You have stored up to yourselves wrath against the last days.

Behold the hire of the labourers, who have reaped down your fields, which by fraud has been kept back by you, crieth: and the cry of them hath entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth.

You have feasted upon earth: and in riotousness you have nourished your hearts, in the day of slaughter.

You have condemned and put to death the Just One, and he resisted you not.

Be patient therefore, brethren, until the coming of the Lord. Behold, the husbandman waiteth for the precious fruit of the earth: patiently bearing till he receive the early and latter rain.

Be you therefore also patient, and strengthen your hearts: for the coming of the Lord is at hand.

Grudge not, brethren, one against another, that you may not be judged. Behold the judge standeth before the door.

10 Take, my brethren, for an example of suffering evil, of labour and patience, the prophets, who spoke in the name of the Lord.

11 Behold, we account them blessed who have endured. You have heard of the patience of Job, and you have seen the end of the Lord, that the Lord is merciful and compassionate.

12 But above all things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, nor by the earth, nor by any other oath. But let your speech be, yea, yea: no, no: that you fall not under judgment.

13 Is any of you sad? Let him pray. Is he cheerful in mind? Let him sing.

14 Is any man sick among you? Let him bring in the priests of the church, and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord.

15 And the prayer of faith shall save the sick man: and the Lord shall raise him up: and if he be in sins, they shall be forgiven him.

16 Confess therefore your sins one to another: and pray one for another, that you may be saved. For the continual prayer of a just man availeth much.

17 Elias was a man passible like unto us: and with prayer he prayed that it might not rain upon the earth, and it rained not for three years and six months.

18 And he prayed again: and the heaven gave rain, and the earth brought forth her fruit.

19 My brethren, if any of you err from the truth, and one convert him:

20 He must know that he who causeth a sinner to be converted from the error of his way, shall save his soul from death, and shall cover a multitude of sins.

I, James, am a slave of God and the Master Jesus, writing to the twelve tribes scattered to Kingdom Come: Hello!

Faith Under Pressure

2-4 Consider it a sheer gift, friends, when tests and challenges come at you from all sides. You know that under pressure, your faith-life is forced into the open and shows its true colors. So don’t try to get out of anything prematurely. Let it do its work so you become mature and well-developed, not deficient in any way.

5-8 If you don’t know what you’re doing, pray to the Father. He loves to help. You’ll get his help, and won’t be condescended to when you ask for it. Ask boldly, believingly, without a second thought. People who “worry their prayers” are like wind-whipped waves. Don’t think you’re going to get anything from the Master that way, adrift at sea, keeping all your options open.

9-11 When down-and-outers get a break, cheer! And when the arrogant rich are brought down to size, cheer! Prosperity is as short-lived as a wildflower, so don’t ever count on it. You know that as soon as the sun rises, pouring down its scorching heat, the flower withers. Its petals wilt and, before you know it, that beautiful face is a barren stem. Well, that’s a picture of the “prosperous life.” At the very moment everyone is looking on in admiration, it fades away to nothing.

12 Anyone who meets a testing challenge head-on and manages to stick it out is mighty fortunate. For such persons loyally in love with God, the reward is life and more life.

13-15 Don’t let anyone under pressure to give in to evil say, “God is trying to trip me up.” God is impervious to evil, and puts evil in no one’s way. The temptation to give in to evil comes from us and only us. We have no one to blame but the leering, seducing flare-up of our own lust. Lust gets pregnant, and has a baby: sin! Sin grows up to adulthood, and becomes a real killer.

16-18 So, my very dear friends, don’t get thrown off course. Every desirable and beneficial gift comes out of heaven. The gifts are rivers of light cascading down from the Father of Light. There is nothing deceitful in God, nothing two-faced, nothing fickle. He brought us to life using the true Word, showing us off as the crown of all his creatures.

Act on What You Hear

19-21 Post this at all the intersections, dear friends: Lead with your ears, follow up with your tongue, and let anger straggle along in the rear. God’s righteousness doesn’t grow from human anger. So throw all spoiled virtue and cancerous evil in the garbage. In simple humility, let our gardener, God, landscape you with the Word, making a salvation-garden of your life.

22-24 Don’t fool yourself into thinking that you are a listener when you are anything but, letting the Word go in one ear and out the other. Act on what you hear! Those who hear and don’t act are like those who glance in the mirror, walk away, and two minutes later have no idea who they are, what they look like.

25 But whoever catches a glimpse of the revealed counsel of God—the free life!—even out of the corner of his eye, and sticks with it, is no distracted scatterbrain but a man or woman of action. That person will find delight and affirmation in the action.

26-27 Anyone who sets himself up as “religious” by talking a good game is self-deceived. This kind of religion is hot air and only hot air. Real religion, the kind that passes muster before God the Father, is this: Reach out to the homeless and loveless in their plight, and guard against corruption from the godless world.

The Royal Rule of Love

1-4 My dear friends, don’t let public opinion influence how you live out our glorious, Christ-originated faith. If a man enters your church wearing an expensive suit, and a street person wearing rags comes in right after him, and you say to the man in the suit, “Sit here, sir; this is the best seat in the house!” and either ignore the street person or say, “Better sit here in the back row,” haven’t you segregated God’s children and proved that you are judges who can’t be trusted?

5-7 Listen, dear friends. Isn’t it clear by now that God operates quite differently? He chose the world’s down-and-out as the kingdom’s first citizens, with full rights and privileges. This kingdom is promised to anyone who loves God. And here you are abusing these same citizens! Isn’t it the high and mighty who exploit you, who use the courts to rob you blind? Aren’t they the ones who scorn the new name—“Christian”—used in your baptisms?

8-11 You do well when you complete the Royal Rule of the Scriptures: “Love others as you love yourself.” But if you play up to these so-called important people, you go against the Rule and stand convicted by it. You can’t pick and choose in these things, specializing in keeping one or two things in God’s law and ignoring others. The same God who said, “Don’t commit adultery,” also said, “Don’t murder.” If you don’t commit adultery but go ahead and murder, do you think your non-adultery will cancel out your murder? No, you’re a murderer, period.

12-13 Talk and act like a person expecting to be judged by the Rule that sets us free. For if you refuse to act kindly, you can hardly expect to be treated kindly. Kind mercy wins over harsh judgment every time.

Faith in Action

14-17 Dear friends, do you think you’ll get anywhere in this if you learn all the right words but never do anything? Does merely talking about faith indicate that a person really has it? For instance, you come upon an old friend dressed in rags and half-starved and say, “Good morning, friend! Be clothed in Christ! Be filled with the Holy Spirit!” and walk off without providing so much as a coat or a cup of soup—where does that get you? Isn’t it obvious that God-talk without God-acts is outrageous nonsense?

18 I can already hear one of you agreeing by saying, “Sounds good. You take care of the faith department, I’ll handle the works department.”

Not so fast. You can no more show me your works apart from your faith than I can show you my faith apart from my works. Faith and works, works and faith, fit together hand in glove.

19-20 Do I hear you professing to believe in the one and only God, but then observe you complacently sitting back as if you had done something wonderful? That’s just great. Demons do that, but what good does it do them? Use your heads! Do you suppose for a minute that you can cut faith and works in two and not end up with a corpse on your hands?

21-24 Wasn’t our ancestor Abraham “made right with God by works” when he placed his son Isaac on the sacrificial altar? Isn’t it obvious that faith and works are yoked partners, that faith expresses itself in works? That the works are “works of faith”? The full meaning of “believe” in the Scripture sentence, “Abraham believed God and was set right with God,” includes his action. It’s that weave of believing and acting that got Abraham named “God’s friend.” Is it not evident that a person is made right with God not by a barren faith but by faith fruitful in works?

25-26 The same with Rahab, the Jericho harlot. Wasn’t her action in hiding God’s spies and helping them escape—that seamless unity of believing and doing—what counted with God? The very moment you separate body and spirit, you end up with a corpse. Separate faith and works and you get the same thing: a corpse.

When You Open Your Mouth

1-2 Don’t be in any rush to become a teacher, my friends. Teaching is highly responsible work. Teachers are held to the strictest standards. And none of us is perfectly qualified. We get it wrong nearly every time we open our mouths. If you could find someone whose speech was perfectly true, you’d have a perfect person, in perfect control of life.

3-5 A bit in the mouth of a horse controls the whole horse. A small rudder on a huge ship in the hands of a skilled captain sets a course in the face of the strongest winds. A word out of your mouth may seem of no account, but it can accomplish nearly anything—or destroy it!

5-6 It only takes a spark, remember, to set off a forest fire. A careless or wrongly placed word out of your mouth can do that. By our speech we can ruin the world, turn harmony to chaos, throw mud on a reputation, send the whole world up in smoke and go up in smoke with it, smoke right from the pit of hell.

7-10 This is scary: You can tame a tiger, but you can’t tame a tongue—it’s never been done. The tongue runs wild, a wanton killer. With our tongues we bless God our Father; with the same tongues we curse the very men and women he made in his image. Curses and blessings out of the same mouth!

10-12 My friends, this can’t go on. A spring doesn’t gush fresh water one day and brackish the next, does it? Apple trees don’t bear strawberries, do they? Raspberry bushes don’t bear apples, do they? You’re not going to dip into a polluted mud hole and get a cup of clear, cool water, are you?

Live Well, Live Wisely

13-16 Do you want to be counted wise, to build a reputation for wisdom? Here’s what you do: Live well, live wisely, live humbly. It’s the way you live, not the way you talk, that counts. Mean-spirited ambition isn’t wisdom. Boasting that you are wise isn’t wisdom. Twisting the truth to make yourselves sound wise isn’t wisdom. It’s the furthest thing from wisdom—it’s animal cunning, devilish plotting. Whenever you’re trying to look better than others or get the better of others, things fall apart and everyone ends up at the others’ throats.

17-18 Real wisdom, God’s wisdom, begins with a holy life and is characterized by getting along with others. It is gentle and reasonable, overflowing with mercy and blessings, not hot one day and cold the next, not two-faced. You can develop a healthy, robust community that lives right with God and enjoy its results only if you do the hard work of getting along with each other, treating each other with dignity and honor.

Get Serious

1-2 Where do you think all these appalling wars and quarrels come from? Do you think they just happen? Think again. They come about because you want your own way, and fight for it deep inside yourselves. You lust for what you don’t have and are willing to kill to get it. You want what isn’t yours and will risk violence to get your hands on it.

2-3 You wouldn’t think of just asking God for it, would you? And why not? Because you know you’d be asking for what you have no right to. You’re spoiled children, each wanting your own way.

4-6 You’re cheating on God. If all you want is your own way, flirting with the world every chance you get, you end up enemies of God and his way. And do you suppose God doesn’t care? The proverb has it that “he’s a fiercely jealous lover.” And what he gives in love is far better than anything else you’ll find. It’s common knowledge that “God goes against the willful proud; God gives grace to the willing humble.”

7-10 So let God work his will in you. Yell a loud no to the Devil and watch him make himself scarce. Say a quiet yes to God and he’ll be there in no time. Quit dabbling in sin. Purify your inner life. Quit playing the field. Hit bottom, and cry your eyes out. The fun and games are over. Get serious, really serious. Get down on your knees before the Master; it’s the only way you’ll get on your feet.

11-12 Don’t bad-mouth each other, friends. It’s God’s Word, his Message, his Royal Rule, that takes a beating in that kind of talk. You’re supposed to be honoring the Message, not writing graffiti all over it. God is in charge of deciding human destiny. Who do you think you are to meddle in the destiny of others?

Nothing but a Wisp of Fog

13-15 And now I have a word for you who brashly announce, “Today—at the latest, tomorrow—we’re off to such and such a city for the year. We’re going to start a business and make a lot of money.” You don’t know the first thing about tomorrow. You’re nothing but a wisp of fog, catching a brief bit of sun before disappearing. Instead, make it a habit to say, “If the Master wills it and we’re still alive, we’ll do this or that.”

16-17 As it is, you are full of your grandiose selves. All such vaunting self-importance is evil. In fact, if you know the right thing to do and don’t do it, that, for you, is evil.

Destroying Your Life from Within

1-3 And a final word to you arrogant rich: Take some lessons in lament. You’ll need buckets for the tears when the crash comes upon you. Your money is corrupt and your fine clothes stink. Your greedy luxuries are a cancer in your gut, destroying your life from within. You thought you were piling up wealth. What you’ve piled up is judgment.

4-6 All the workers you’ve exploited and cheated cry out for judgment. The groans of the workers you used and abused are a roar in the ears of the Master Avenger. You’ve looted the earth and lived it up. But all you’ll have to show for it is a fatter than usual corpse. In fact, what you’ve done is condemn and murder perfectly good persons, who stand there and take it.

* * *

7-8 Meanwhile, friends, wait patiently for the Master’s Arrival. You see farmers do this all the time, waiting for their valuable crops to mature, patiently letting the rain do its slow but sure work. Be patient like that. Stay steady and strong. The Master could arrive at any time.

Friends, don’t complain about each other. A far greater complaint could be lodged against you, you know. The Judge is standing just around the corner.

10-11 Take the old prophets as your mentors. They put up with anything, went through everything, and never once quit, all the time honoring God. What a gift life is to those who stay the course! You’ve heard, of course, of Job’s staying power, and you know how God brought it all together for him at the end. That’s because God cares, cares right down to the last detail.

12 And since you know that he cares, let your language show it. Don’t add words like “I swear to God” to your own words. Don’t show your impatience by concocting oaths to hurry up God. Just say yes or no. Just say what is true. That way, your language can’t be used against you.

Prayer to Be Reckoned With

13-15 Are you hurting? Pray. Do you feel great? Sing. Are you sick? Call the church leaders together to pray and anoint you with oil in the name of the Master. Believing-prayer will heal you, and Jesus will put you on your feet. And if you’ve sinned, you’ll be forgiven—healed inside and out.

16-18 Make this your common practice: Confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you can live together whole and healed. The prayer of a person living right with God is something powerful to be reckoned with. Elijah, for instance, human just like us, prayed hard that it wouldn’t rain, and it didn’t—not a drop for three and a half years. Then he prayed that it would rain, and it did. The showers came and everything started growing again.

19-20 My dear friends, if you know people who have wandered off from God’s truth, don’t write them off. Go after them. Get them back and you will have rescued precious lives from destruction and prevented an epidemic of wandering away from God.