At an earlier period in Israel, a man removed his sandal(A) and gave it to the other party in order to make any matter legally binding concerning the right of redemption or the exchange of property. This was the method of legally binding a transaction in Israel.

So the redeemer removed his sandal and said to Boaz, “Buy back the property yourself.”

Boaz said to the elders and all the people, “You are witnesses today that I am buying from Naomi everything that belonged to Elimelech, Chilion, and Mahlon. 10 I will also acquire Ruth the Moabitess, Mahlon’s widow, as my wife, to perpetuate the deceased man’s name on his property, so that his name will not disappear among his relatives or from the gate of his home. You are witnesses today.”

11 The elders and all the people who were at the gate said, “We are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is entering your house like Rachel and Leah,(B) who together built the house of Israel. May you be powerful in Ephrathah and famous in Bethlehem. 12 May your house become like the house of Perez, the son Tamar bore to Judah,(C) because of the offspring the Lord will give you by this young woman.”

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During Israel’s earlier history,[a] all things concerning redeeming or changing inheritances were confirmed by a man taking off his sandal and giving it to the other party,[b] thereby creating a public[c] record in Israel. So when the nearer related redeemer told Boaz, “Make the purchase yourself,” he then took off his sandal.

Boaz’s Public Commitment

At this, Boaz addressed the elders and all of the people: “You all are witnesses today that I hereby redeem everything from Naomi that belonged to Elimelech, including what belonged to Chilion and Mahlon, 10 along with Mahlon’s wife Ruth the Moabite woman. I will marry her to continue the family name as an inheritance, so that the name of the deceased does not disappear from among his relatives, nor from the public record.[d] You are all witnesses today!”

11 Then all of the assembled people,[e] including the elders who were there, said, “We are witnesses! May the Lord make this woman who enters your house like Rachel and Leah, who together established the house of Israel. May you prosper in Ephrathah, and may you excel in Bethlehem! 12 Moreover, may your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore for Judah, from the offspring that the Lord gives you from this young woman.”

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Footnotes

  1. Ruth 4:7 Or years
  2. Ruth 4:7 Or neighbor; cf. Deut 25:9
  3. Ruth 4:7 The Heb. lacks public
  4. Ruth 4:10 Lit. the gate of his place
  5. Ruth 4:11 Lit. the people in the gate