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Ruth 4
Ang Biblia (1978)

Tinubos ni Booz ang mana ni Elimelech.

4 Si Booz nga'y sumampa sa (A)pintuang-bayan, at naupo siya roon: at, narito, ang malapit na (B)kamaganak na sinalita ni Booz ay nagdaan; sa lalaking yao'y sinabi niya, Oy, kuwan! lumiko ka, maupo ka rito. At siya'y lumiko, at naupo.

2 At siya'y kumuha ng sangpung lalake sa mga (C)matanda sa bayan, at sinabi, Maupo kayo rito. At sila'y naupo.

3 At sinabi niya sa malapit na kamaganak, Ipinagbibili ni Noemi, na bumalik na galing sa lupain ng Moab, ang bahagi ng lupa, na naging sa ating kapatid na kay Elimelech:

4 At aking (D)inisip na ipahayag sa iyo, na sabihin, (E)Bilhin mo sa (F)harap nilang nakaupo rito, at sa harap ng mga matanda ng aking bayan. Kung iyong tutubusin ay tubusin mo; nguni't kung hindi mo tutubusin ay saysayin mo nga, upang matalastas ko: sapagka't wala nang tutubos na iba pa liban sa iyo: at ako ang sumusunod sa iyo. At sinabi niya, Aking tutubusin.

5 Nang magkagayo'y sinabi ni Booz, Anomang araw na iyong bilhin ang parang sa kamay ni Noemi, ay marapat na iyong bilhin din ang kay Ruth na Moabita, na asawa ng namatay, (G)upang ibangon ang pangalan ng namatay sa kaniyang mana.

6 At sinabi ng malapit (H)na kamaganak, Hindi ko matutubos sa ganang akin, baka masira ang aking sariling mana: iyo na ang aking matuwid ng pagtubos; sapagka't hindi ko matutubos.

7 (I)Ito nga ang kaugalian ng unang panahon sa Israel tungkol sa pagtubos at tungkol sa pagpapalit, upang patotohanan ang lahat ng mga bagay; hinuhubad ng isa ang kaniyang pangyapak, at ibinibigay sa kaniyang kapuwa: at ito ang paraan ng pagpapatotoo sa Israel.

8 Sa gayo'y sinabi ng malapit na kamaganak kay Booz, Bilhin mo sa ganang iyo. At hinubad niya ang kaniyang pangyapak.

9 At sinabi ni Booz sa mga matanda at sa buong bayan, Kayo'y mga saksi sa araw na ito, na aking binili ang lahat ng kay Elimelech, at lahat na kay (J)Chelion, at kay Mahalon, sa kamay ni Noemi.

10 Bukod dito'y si Ruth na Moabita, na asawa ni Mahalon, ay aking binili na maging aking asawa, (K)upang ibangon ang pangalan ng namatay sa kaniyang mana, upang ang pangalan ng namatay ay huwag mahiwalay sa gitna ng kaniyang mga kapatid, at sa pintuang-bayan ng kaniyang dako: kayo'y mga saksi sa araw na ito.

11 At ang buong bayan na nasa pintuang-bayan, at ang mga matanda ay nagsabi, Kami ay mga saksi. Gawin ng Panginoon ang babae na pumapasok sa iyong bahay, na gaya ni Rachel at gaya ni Lea, na silang dalawa ang (L)nagtatag ng sangbahayan ni Israel, at maging makapangyarihan ka sa (M)Ephrata, at maging bantog sa Beth-lehem:

12 At ang (N)iyong sangbahayan ay maging gaya ng sangbahayan ni Phares, (O)na ipinanganak ni Thamar kay Juda, sa binhi na ibibigay ng Panginoon sa iyo sa batang babaing ito.

Si Ruth ay naging asawa ni Booz at ang naging anak ay si Obed.

13 Sa gayo'y kinuha ni Booz si (P)Ruth, at siya'y naging kaniyang asawa; at siya'y sumiping sa kaniya, at pinapaglihi ng (Q)Panginoon, at siya'y nanganak ng isang lalake.

14 At sinabi ng mga (R)babae kay Noemi, Pagpalain ka nawa ng Panginoon na hindi ka binayaan sa araw na ito, na mawalan ng isang malapit na kamaganak; at maging bantog nawa ang kaniyang pangalan sa Israel.

15 At siya'y magiging sa iyo ay isang tagapagsauli ng buhay, at tagapagkandili sa iyong katandaan: sapagka't ang inyong manugang na nagmamahal sa iyo, ay nagkaanak sa kaniya, at siya'y (S)mahigit pa sa iyo kay sa pitong anak.

16 At kinuha ni Noemi ang bata, at inihilig sa kaniyang kandungan, at siya'y naging yaya.

17 At nilagyan ng pangalan ng mga babaing kaniyang (T)kapitbahay, na sinasabi, May isang lalake na ipinanganak kay Noemi; at tinawag nila ang pangalan niya na Obed; siya ang ama ni Isai, na ama ni David.

18 Ito nga ang mga lahi ni Phares: naging anak ni (U)Phares si Hesron;

19 At naging anak ni Hesron si Ram, at naging anak ni Ram si Aminadab;

20 At naging anak ni Aminadab si Nahason, at naging anak ni Nahason si Salmon:

21 At naging anak ni Salmon si Booz, at naging anak ni Booz si Obed;

22 At naging anak ni Obed si Isai, at naging anak ni Isai si David.

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Ruth 4
Ang Salita ng Dios (Tagalog Contemporary Bible)

Nagpakasal si Boaz kay Ruth

4 Pumunta si Boaz sa pintuang bayan[a] at naupo roon. Nang dumaan ang sinasabi niyang mas malapit na kamag-anak ni Elimelec, sinabi ni Boaz sa kanya, “Kaibigan, halikaʼt maupo ka.” Lumapit naman ang lalaki at naupo. 2 At tinipon ni Boaz ang sampung mga tagapamahala ng bayan at pinaupo rin doon. At nang nakaupo na sila, 3 sinabi ni Boaz sa kamag-anak niya, “Bumalik na si Naomi mula sa Moab, at gusto niyang ipagbili ang lupa ng kamag-anak nating si Elimelec. 4 Naisip kong ipaalam ito sa iyo. Kaya kung gusto mo, bilhin mo ito sa harapan ng mga tagapamahala ng mga kababayan ko at ng iba pang mga nakaupo rito. Pero kung ayaw mo, sabihin mo at nang malaman ko. Kung tutuusin, ikaw ang may tungkuling tumubos nito, at pangalawa lang ako.” Sumagot ang lalaki, “Sige, tutubusin ko.” 5 Pero sinabi ni Boaz, “Sa araw na tubusin mo ang lupa kay Naomi, kailangang pakasalan mo si Ruth, ang Moabitang biyuda,[b] para kapag nagkaanak kayo, mananatili ang lupa sa pamilya ng kamag-anak nating namatay.”[c]

6 Nang marinig ito ng lalaki, sinabi niya, “Kung ganoon, hindi ko na tutubusin ang lupa dahil baka magkaproblema pa ako sa sarili kong lupa dahil pati ang magiging anak namin ni Ruth ay may bahagi na sa lupa ko. Ikaw na lang ang tumubos, hindi ko kasi magagawa iyan.”

7 Nang panahong iyon sa Israel, para matiyak ang pagtubos ng lupa o ang paglilipat ng karapatan sa pagtubos ng lupa, hinuhubad ng isa ang sandalyas niya at ibinibigay sa isa. Ganito ang ginagawa noon sa Israel bilang katibayan ng kanilang transaksyon.

8 Kaya nang sabihin ng lalaki kay Boaz, “Ikaw na lang ang tumubos ng lupa,” hinubad agad niya ang kanyang sandalyas at ibinigay kay Boaz.[d] 9 Sinabi ni Boaz sa mga tagapamahala ng bayan at sa lahat ng tao roon, “Mga saksi kayo ngayong araw na bibilhin ko na kay Naomi ang lahat ng lupain ni Elimelec, na minana nina Kilion at Mahlon. 10 At bukod pa rito, pakakasalan ko si Ruth na Moabita, na biyuda ni Mahlon, para kapag nagkaanak kami, mananatili ang lupain ni Mahlon sa kanyang pamilya,[e] at hindi mawawala ang lahi niya sa kanyang mga kababayan. Saksi nga kayo sa araw na ito!”

11 Sumagot ang mga tagapamahala ng bayan at ang lahat ng tao roon sa pintuan, “Oo, mga saksi nga kami. Nawaʼy ang magiging asawa mo ay gawin ng Panginoon na katulad nina Raquel at Lea na nagkaanak ng mga naging mamamayan ng Israel. Nawaʼy maging mayaman ka sa Efrata at maging tanyag sa Betlehem. 12 Nawaʼy magpatanyag sa pamilya mo ang mga anak na ibibigay sa iyo ng Panginoon sa iyo sa pamamagitan ng babaeng iyon ay magpatanyag sa pamilya mo katulad ng pamilya ni Perez, ang anak ni Juda kay Tamar.”

Ang mga Ninuno ni David

13 Kaya nagpakasal si Boaz kay Ruth, at niloob ng Panginoon na magdalantao si Ruth at manganak ng isang lalaki. 14 Sinabi ng mga kababaihan kay Naomi, “Purihin ang Panginoon! Binigyan ka niya ngayon ng apo na mag-aaruga sa iyo. Nawaʼy maging tanyag siya sa Israel! 15 Palalakasin at aalagaan ka niya kapag matanda ka na, dahil anak siya ng manugang mo na nagmamahal sa iyo ng higit pa sa pagmamahal ng pitong anak na lalaki.”

16 Palaging kinukuha ni Naomi ang bata at kinakalong. At siya ang nagbabantay nito. 17 Sinabi ng mga babaeng kapitbahay ni Naomi, “May apong lalaki na si Naomi!” Pinangalanan nila ang bata na Obed. At nang malaki na si Obed, nagkaanak siya na Jesse ang pangalan. At si Jesse ang naging ama ni David.

18 Ito ang mga angkan ni Perez hanggang kay David:

Si Perez ang ama ni Hezron, 19 si Hezron ang ama ni Ram, si Ram ang ama ni Aminadab, 20 si Aminadab ang ama ni Nashon, si Nashon ang ama ni Salmon, 21 si Salmon ang ama ni Boaz, si Boaz ang ama ni Obed, 22 si Obed ang ama ni Jesse, at si Jesse ang ama ni David.

Footnotes

  1. 4:1 pintuang bayan: Dito ginaganap ang pagtitipon ng mga tao kung may mga bagay sila na kailangang ayusin.
  2. 4:5 Sa araw … biyuda: Ganito ito sa ibang teksto, pero sa Hebreo, Sa araw na bibilhin mo ang lupa kay Naomi at kay Ruth na Moabita, kinakailangang kunin (sa literal, bilhin) mo bilang asawa ang biyuda.
  3. 4:5 Kapag nagkaanak ang lalaki kay Ruth, ang anak niya ay ituturing na anak ni Mahlon, ang unang asawa ni Ruth na namatay. Si Ruth at ang anak niya ang magmamay-ari ng lupa at hindi ang taong nagpakasal sa kanya. Sa ganitong paraan mananatili ang lupa sa pamilya ni Mahlon.
  4. 4:8 at ibinigay kay Boaz: Ito ang nasa Septuagint, pero wala sa Hebreo.
  5. 4:10 Tingnan ang “footnote” sa 4:5.
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'Ruth 4 ' not found for the version: Ang Bagong Tipan: Filipino Standard Version.
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Ruth 4
New English Translation

Boaz Settles the Matter

4 Now Boaz went up[a] to the village gate and sat there. Then along came the guardian[b] whom Boaz had mentioned to Ruth.[c] Boaz said, “Come[d] here, what’s-your-name,[e] and sit down.” So he came[f] and sat down. 2 Boaz chose ten of the village leaders[g] and said, “Sit down here!” So they sat down. 3 Then Boaz said to the guardian,[h] “Naomi, who has returned from the region of Moab, is selling[i] the portion of land that belongs to our relative Elimelech. 4 So I am legally informing you:[j] Acquire it before those sitting here and before the leaders of my people.[k] If you want to exercise your right to redeem it, then do so.[l] But if not, then tell me[m] so I will know.[n] For you possess the first option to redeem it; I am next in line after you.”[o] He replied, “I will redeem it.” 5 Then Boaz said, “When[p] you acquire the field[q] from Naomi,[r] you must also[s] acquire Ruth the Moabite,[t] the wife of our deceased relative,[u] in order to preserve his family name by raising up a descendant who will inherit his property.”[v] 6 The guardian said, “Then I am unable to redeem it, for I would ruin my own inheritance[w] in that case. You may exercise my redemption option, for I am unable to redeem it.”[x] 7 (Now this used to be the customary way to finalize a transaction involving redemption in Israel:[y] A man would remove his sandal and give it to the other party.[z] This was a legally binding act[aa] in Israel.) 8 So the guardian said to Boaz, “You may acquire it,” and he removed his sandal.[ab] 9 Then Boaz said to the leaders and all the people, “You are witnesses today that I have acquired from Naomi all that belonged to Elimelech, Kilion, and Mahlon. 10 I have also acquired Ruth the Moabite, the wife of Mahlon, as my wife to raise up a descendant who will inherit his property[ac] so the name of the deceased might not disappear[ad] from among his relatives and from his village.[ae] You are witnesses today.” 11 All the people who were at the gate and the elders replied, “We are witnesses. May the Lord make the woman who is entering your home like Rachel and Leah, both of whom built up the house of Israel! May[af] you prosper[ag] in Ephrathah and become famous[ah] in Bethlehem. 12 May your family[ai] become like the family of Perez[aj]—whom Tamar bore to Judah—through the descendants[ak] the Lord gives you by this young woman.”

A Grandson is Born to Naomi

13 So Boaz married Ruth and slept with her.[al] The Lord enabled her to conceive[am] and she gave birth to a son. 14 The village women said to Naomi, “May the Lord be praised because he has not left you without a guardian[an] today! May he[ao] become famous in Israel![ap] 15 He will encourage you and provide for you when you are old,[aq] for your daughter-in-law, who loves you, has given him birth. She[ar] is better to you than seven sons!” 16 Naomi took the child and placed him on her lap;[as] she became his caregiver.[at] 17 The neighbor women gave him a name, saying, “A son has been born to Naomi.” They named him Obed.[au] Now he became the father of Jesse—David’s father.

Epilogue: Obed in the Genealogy of David

18 These are the descendants[av] of Perez: Perez was the father of Hezron, 19 Hezron was the father of Ram, Ram was the father of Amminadab, 20 Amminadab was the father of Nachshon, Nachshon was the father of Salmah, 21 Salmon[aw] was the father of Boaz, Boaz was the father of Obed, 22 Obed was the father of Jesse, and Jesse was the father of David.[ax]

Footnotes

  1. Ruth 4:1 tn The disjunctive clause structure (note the pattern vav [ו] + subject + verb) here signals the beginning of a new scene.
  2. Ruth 4:1 tn Sometimes translated “redeemer.” See the note on the phrase “guardian of the family interests” in 3:9.
  3. Ruth 4:1 tn Heb “look, the guardian was passing by of whom Boaz had spoken.”
  4. Ruth 4:1 tn Heb “turn aside” (so KJV, NASB); NIV, TEV, NLT “Come over here.”
  5. Ruth 4:1 tn The Hebrew idiom, פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי (peloni ʾalmoni) literally means “such and such” or “a certain one” (BDB 811-12 s.v. פְּלֹנִי. The idiom is used when one wishes to be ambiguous (1 Sam 21:3; 2 Kgs 6:8). Certainly Boaz would have known his relative’s name, especially in such a small village, and would have uttered his actual name. However the narrator refuses to record his name in a form of poetic justice because he refused to preserve Mahlon’s “name” (lineage) by marrying his widow (see 4:5, 9-10). This close relative, who is a literary foil for Boaz, refuses to fulfill the role of family guardian and is relegated to anonymity in a chapter otherwise filled with names and in contrast to Boaz’s prominence. Because the actual name of this relative is not recorded, the translation of this expression is difficult. Contemporary English style expects either a name or title, but the purpose of the expression is to remove his name. This is usually supplied in modern translations: “friend” (NASB, NIV, RSV, NRSV, NLT), “so-and-so” (JPS, NJPS). Perhaps “Mr. So-And-So!” or “Mr. No-Name!” makes the point. For discussion see Adele Berlin, Poetics and Interpretation of Biblical Narrative, 99-101; R. L. Hubbard, Jr., Ruth (NICOT), 233-35; F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther (WBC), 196-97.
  6. Ruth 4:1 tn Heb “and he turned aside” (so KJV, NASB); NRSV “And he went over.”
  7. Ruth 4:2 tn Heb “and he took ten men from the elders of the town.”
  8. Ruth 4:3 tn Or “redeemer.” See the note on the phrase “guardian of the family interests” in 3:9.
  9. Ruth 4:3 tn The perfect form of the verb here describes as a simple fact an action that is underway (cf. NIV, NRSV, CEV, NLT); NAB “is putting up for sale.”sn Naomi…is selling. The nature of the sale is uncertain. Naomi may have been selling the property rights to the land, but this seems unlikely in light of what is known about ancient Israelite property laws. It is more likely that Naomi, being a woman, held only the right to use the land until the time of her remarriage or death (F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther [WBC], 202-4). Because she held this right to use of the land, she also had the right to buy it back from the its current owner. (This assumes that Elimelech sold the land prior to going to Moab.) Since she did not possess the means to do so, however, she decided to dispose of her rights in the matter. She was not selling the land per se, but disposing of the right to its redemption and use, probably in exchange for room and board with the purchaser (Bush, 211-15). If this is correct, it might be preferable to translate, “Naomi is disposing of her rights to the portion of land,” although such a translation presumes some knowledge of ancient Israelite property laws.
  10. Ruth 4:4 tn Heb “and I said [or perhaps, “thought to myself”], ‘I will [or “must”] uncover your ear, saying’”; NAB “So I thought I would inform you”; NIV “I thought I should bring the matter to your attention.”
  11. Ruth 4:4 tn The phrase “before those sitting here and before the leaders of my people” appears to refer to the leaders who were specially chosen as witnesses (v. 2) and the larger group of community leaders standing by. It is possible, however, that the phrases “before those sitting here” and “before the leaders of my people” are appositional and that both refer to the ten leaders mentioned in v. 2 (cf. NLT “in the presence of these witnesses”).
  12. Ruth 4:4 tn Heb “if you will redeem, redeem” (KJV, NASB, NRSV all similar); NCV “If you want to buy back the land, then buy it.”
  13. Ruth 4:4 tn Heb “but if he will not redeem, tell me.” Most English versions emend the third person verb form (“he”) to the second person form because Boaz is addressing the closer relative. But it is possible that he briefly addresses the witnesses and refers to the closer relative in the third person. See J. M. Sasson, Ruth, 118.
  14. Ruth 4:4 tn Following the imperative, the prefixed verb form with vav indicates purpose or result.
  15. Ruth 4:4 tn Heb “for there is no one besides you to redeem, and I am after you” (NASB similar).
  16. Ruth 4:5 tn Heb “in the day”; NASB, NIV “On the day.”
  17. Ruth 4:5 sn Acquire the field. This probably refers to the right to redeem and use the field. See the note on the word “selling” in v. 3.
  18. Ruth 4:5 tn Heb “from the hand of Naomi” (so NASB, NRSV).
  19. Ruth 4:5 tc The MT וּמֵאֵת (umeʾet) may be understood in two ways: (1) “and from” (vav conjunction “and,” plus preposition מִן [min] “from,” plus definite direct object marker אֵת) parallel to the preceding מִיַד (miyyad, “from [the hand of]”), suggesting the field would be purchased from Naomi and from Ruth; or (2) “and” (vav [ו] conjunction “and,” plus enclitic mem [ם], plus direct object marker [אֵת]) introducing the second part of the acquisition: the nearest kinsman would be acquiring the field and Ruth (for discussion see F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther [WBC], 202). However, the BHS editors suggest reading גם את (“as well as…”; emphatic particle גם [“also”] and the definite direct object marker אֵת) introducing the second part of the acquisition: He would be acquiring the field and Ruth. This alternate reading is reflected in the Vulgate reading quoque (“and also”) and supported by parallel usage in v. 9, “I am acquiring the field from Naomi, and also (גָּם אֵת, gam ʾet) Ruth the Moabitess the wife of the deceased.”
  20. Ruth 4:5 tc The MT (Kethib) reads קָנִיתִי (qaniti, “I acquire,” Qal perfect first person common singular): “When you acquire the field from the hand of Naomi, I acquire Ruth the Moabitess….” However, the marginal reading (Qere) is קָנִיתָה (qanitah, “you acquire,” Qal perfect second person masculine singular, reflected in second person masculine singular forms in Greek, Latin, Aramaic, and Syriac): “When you acquire the field from the hand of Naomi, you must also acquire Ruth the Moabitess…” The Qere is probably original because the Kethib is too difficult syntactically and contextually, while the Qere makes perfect sense: (1) Boaz stated in 3:13 that the nearest kinsman had the first right to acquire Ruth if he wanted to do so, and only the Qere reading here presents him with that option; and (2) Boaz announces in 4:9-10 that he was acquiring the field and Ruth as a package deal in 4:9-10, and only the Qere reading here presents the nearest kinsman with the same package deal. The Kethib probably arose by a scribe trying to harmonize 4:5 with the first person common singular form in 4:9-10 without fully understanding the ploy of Boaz in 4:5. See F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther (WBC), 216-17.
  21. Ruth 4:5 tc The presence of two difficult textual problems in this line (see two preceding notes) has produced a combination of four different ways in which this line can be rendered: (1) “When you acquire the field from Naomi, you must acquire [it] from Ruth the Moabitess the wife of the deceased” (KJV, NKJV); (2) “When you acquire the field from Naomi and from Ruth the Moabitess, you must acquire the wife of the deceased” (JPS, NJPS, NIV); (3) “When you acquire the field from Naomi, you must also acquire Ruth the Moabitess the wife of the deceased” (NASB, NCV, TEV, RSV, NRSV, NLT); and (4) “When you acquire the field from Naomi, then I acquire Ruth the Moabitess the wife of the deceased” (REB). The third option is adopted here. sn Our deceased relative. This refers to Mahlon, viewed as Elimelech’s heir.
  22. Ruth 4:5 tn Heb “in order to raise up the name of the deceased over his inheritance” (NASB similar); NRSV “to maintain the dead man’s name on his inheritance.”
  23. Ruth 4:6 sn I would ruin my own inheritance. It is not entirely clear how acquiring Ruth and raising up an heir for the deceased Elimelech would ruin this individual’s inheritance. Perhaps this means that the inheritance of his other children would be diminished. See R. L. Hubbard, Jr., Ruth (NICOT), 245-46.
  24. Ruth 4:6 tn Heb “redeem for yourself, you, my right of redemption for I am unable to redeem.”sn Here it appears that the acquisition of Ruth along with the land was an obligatory package deal (“When you acquire the field from Naomi, you must also acquire Ruth…”). On the other hand, Boaz viewed marriage to Ruth as voluntary in 3:13 (“If he does not want to redeem you, I will redeem you”), and presented the acquisition of the field as voluntary in 4:4 (“If you want to exercise your right…but if not, tell me!”). Initially, Boaz makes the transaction appear to be a mere land deal in 4:4. When the nearest relative jumped at the land offer, Boaz confronted him with the attendant social/family obligation of marrying Ruth to raise up an heir for the deceased to inherit this very land. By conducting the transaction in public where the close relative would need to save face, Boaz forced him either to reject the offer entirely or to include Ruth in the deal—but he could not take the land and reject Ruth. Either way, Ruth would be cared for and Elimelech’s line continued. But if he took Ruth, the acquisition of the land would be more economically burdensome than beneficial, so he yielded his purchase option to Boaz. For discussion, see F. W. Bush, Ruth, Esther (WBC), 229-33.
  25. Ruth 4:7 tn Heb “and this formerly in Israel concerning redemption and concerning a transfer to ratify every matter.”
  26. Ruth 4:7 tn Heb “a man removed his sandal and gave [it] to his companion”; NASB “gave it to another”; NIV, NRSV, CEV “to the other.”
  27. Ruth 4:7 tn Heb “the legal witness”; KJV “a testimony”; ASV, NASB “the manner (form NAB) of attestation.”
  28. Ruth 4:8 tc The LXX adds “and gave it to him” (cf. TEV, CEV), which presupposes the reading ויתן לו. This seems to be a clarifying addition (see v. 7), but it is possible the scribe’s eye jumped from the final ו (vav) on נַעֲלוֹ (naʿalo, “his sandal”) to the final ו (vav) on לוֹ (lo, “to him”), accidentally omitting the intervening letters.
  29. Ruth 4:10 tn Heb “in order to raise up the name of the deceased over his inheritance” (NASB similar).
  30. Ruth 4:10 tn Heb “be cut off” (so NASB, NRSV); NAB “may not perish.”
  31. Ruth 4:10 tn Heb “and from the gate of his place” (so KJV, ASV); NASB “from the court of his birth place”; NIV “from the town records.”
  32. Ruth 4:11 tn Following the jussive, the imperative with prefixed vav indicates purpose or result.
  33. Ruth 4:11 tn The phrase וַעֲשֵׂה־חַיִל (vaʿaseh khayil, literally, “do strength”) has been variously translated: (1) financial prosperity: “may you become rich” (TEV), “may you be a rich man” (CEV), “may you achieve wealth” (NASB), “may you prosper” (NKJV, NJPS); (2) social prominence: “may you become powerful” (NCV), “may you have standing” (NIV), “may you be great” (NLT), “may you do well” (NAB); (3) reproductive fertility: “may you produce children” (NRSV); and (4) social activity: “may you do a worthy deed” (REB).
  34. Ruth 4:11 tc Heb “and call a name.” This statement appears to be elliptical. Usually the person named and the name itself follow this expression. Perhaps וּקְרָא־שֵׁם (uqeraʾ shem) should be emended to וְיִקָּרֵא־שֵׁם (veyiqqareʾ shem), “and your name will be called out,” that is, “perpetuated” (see Gen 48:16, cf. also Ruth 4:14b). The omission of the suffix with “name” could be explained as virtual haplography (note the letter ב (bet), which is similar to כ (kaf), at the beginning of the next word). The same explanation could account for the omission of the prefixed י (yod) on the verb “call,” as י (yod) and ו (vav) are similar in appearance. Whether one reads the imperative (the form in the MT) or the jussive (the emended form), the construction indicates purpose or result following the earlier jussive “may he make.”
  35. Ruth 4:12 tn Heb “your house” (so NAB, NASB, NRSV).
  36. Ruth 4:12 tn Heb “and may your house be like the house of Perez, whom Tamar bore to Judah, from the offspring whom the Lord gives to you from this young woman.”sn Perez is an appropriate comparison here, because (1) he was an ancestor of Boaz, (2) he was born to Tamar by a surrogate father (Judah) after the death of her husband, and (3) he had an unbroken line of male descendants extending over several generations (see vv. 18-22).
  37. Ruth 4:12 tn Heb “from the seed” (KJV, ASV both similar); NASB, NIV “through the offspring”; NRSV “through the children.”
  38. Ruth 4:13 tn Heb “and Boaz took Ruth and she became his wife and he approached her.” The verb לָקַח (laqakh), “to take,” acts as in idiom meaning “to take [a wife], to marry.” The phrase בּוֹא אֶל (boʾ ʾel) means “come to” or “approach,” but is also used as a euphemism for sexual relations.
  39. Ruth 4:13 tn Heb “gave her conception” (so KJV); NRSV “made her conceive”; NLT “enabled her to become pregnant.”
  40. Ruth 4:14 tn Or “redeemer.” See the note on the phrase “guardian of the family interests” in 3:9. As the following context indicates, the child is referred to here.
  41. Ruth 4:14 tn The “guardian” is the subject of the verb, as the next verse makes clear.
  42. Ruth 4:14 tn Heb “may his name be called [i.e., “perpetuated”; see Gen 48:16] in Israel.”
  43. Ruth 4:15 tn Heb “and he will become for you a restorer of life and a sustainer of your old age” (NASB similar).
  44. Ruth 4:15 tn Heb “who, she”; KJV “which is better to thee.”
  45. Ruth 4:16 tn Or “breast”; KJV, NRSV “in her bosom.”
  46. Ruth 4:16 tn Heb “his nurse,” but this refers to a dry nurse, not a medical attendant. Cf. NIV “and cared for him”; TEV “and took (+ good CEV) care of him.”
  47. Ruth 4:17 tn The name “Obed” means “one who serves,” perhaps anticipating how he would help Naomi (see v. 15).
  48. Ruth 4:18 tn Or “generations” (so KJV, NASB); NIV, NLT “family line.”sn The concluding genealogy demonstrates that the prayers of blessing made earlier were fulfilled. Boaz’s line did become like the line of Perez, and both Boaz and Obed became famous. God’s blessing upon Ruth and Boaz extended beyond their lifetime and immediate family, for their great descendant, David, became the greatest of Israel’s kings, and his descendant in turn, Jesus the Messiah, became greater still.
  49. Ruth 4:21 sn Salmon appears to be an alternate spelling of Salmah in the preceding line.
  50. Ruth 4:22 sn The theological message of the Book of Ruth may be summarized as follows: God cares for needy people like Naomi and Ruth; he is their ally in this chaotic world. He richly rewards people like Ruth and Boaz who demonstrate sacrificial love and in so doing become his instruments in helping the needy. God’s rewards for those who sacrificially love others sometimes exceed their wildest imagination and transcend their lifetime.
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Ruth 4
New International Version

Boaz Marries Ruth

4 Meanwhile Boaz went up to the town gate(A) and sat down there just as the guardian-redeemer[a](B) he had mentioned(C) came along. Boaz said, “Come over here, my friend, and sit down.” So he went over and sat down.

2 Boaz took ten of the elders(D) of the town and said, “Sit here,” and they did so.(E) 3 Then he said to the guardian-redeemer, “Naomi, who has come back from Moab, is selling the piece of land that belonged to our relative Elimelek.(F) 4 I thought I should bring the matter to your attention and suggest that you buy it in the presence of these seated here and in the presence of the elders of my people. If you will redeem it, do so. But if you[b] will not, tell me, so I will know. For no one has the right to do it except you,(G) and I am next in line.”

“I will redeem it,” he said.

5 Then Boaz said, “On the day you buy the land from Naomi, you also acquire Ruth the Moabite,(H) the[c] dead man’s widow, in order to maintain the name of the dead with his property.”(I)

6 At this, the guardian-redeemer said, “Then I cannot redeem(J) it because I might endanger my own estate. You redeem it yourself. I cannot do it.”(K)

7 (Now in earlier times in Israel, for the redemption(L) and transfer of property to become final, one party took off his sandal(M) and gave it to the other. This was the method of legalizing transactions(N) in Israel.)(O)

8 So the guardian-redeemer said to Boaz, “Buy it yourself.” And he removed his sandal.(P)

9 Then Boaz announced to the elders and all the people, “Today you are witnesses(Q) that I have bought from Naomi all the property of Elimelek, Kilion and Mahlon. 10 I have also acquired Ruth the Moabite,(R) Mahlon’s widow, as my wife,(S) in order to maintain the name of the dead with his property, so that his name will not disappear from among his family or from his hometown.(T) Today you are witnesses!(U)”

11 Then the elders and all the people at the gate(V) said, “We are witnesses.(W) May the Lord make the woman who is coming into your home like Rachel and Leah,(X) who together built up the family of Israel. May you have standing in Ephrathah(Y) and be famous in Bethlehem.(Z) 12 Through the offspring the Lord gives you by this young woman, may your family be like that of Perez,(AA) whom Tamar(AB) bore to Judah.”

Naomi Gains a Son

13 So Boaz took Ruth and she became his wife. When he made love to her, the Lord enabled her to conceive,(AC) and she gave birth to a son.(AD) 14 The women(AE) said to Naomi: “Praise be to the Lord,(AF) who this day has not left you without a guardian-redeemer.(AG) May he become famous throughout Israel! 15 He will renew your life and sustain you in your old age. For your daughter-in-law,(AH) who loves you and who is better to you than seven sons,(AI) has given him birth.”

16 Then Naomi took the child in her arms and cared for him. 17 The women living there said, “Naomi has a son!” And they named him Obed. He was the father of Jesse,(AJ) the father of David.(AK)

The Genealogy of David(AL)

18 This, then, is the family line of Perez(AM):

Perez was the father of Hezron,(AN)

19 Hezron the father of Ram,

Ram the father of Amminadab,(AO)

20 Amminadab the father of Nahshon,(AP)

Nahshon the father of Salmon,[d]

21 Salmon the father of Boaz,(AQ)

Boaz the father of Obed,

22 Obed the father of Jesse,

and Jesse the father of David.

Footnotes

  1. Ruth 4:1 The Hebrew word for guardian-redeemer is a legal term for one who has the obligation to redeem a relative in serious difficulty (see Lev. 25:25-55); also in verses 3, 6, 8 and 14.
  2. Ruth 4:4 Many Hebrew manuscripts, Septuagint, Vulgate and Syriac; most Hebrew manuscripts he
  3. Ruth 4:5 Vulgate and Syriac; Hebrew (see also Septuagint) Naomi and from Ruth the Moabite, you acquire the
  4. Ruth 4:20 A few Hebrew manuscripts, some Septuagint manuscripts and Vulgate (see also verse 21 and Septuagint of 1 Chron. 2:11); most Hebrew manuscripts Salma
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