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Romans 5
New English Translation

The Expectation of Justification

5 [a] Therefore, since we have been declared righteous by faith, we have[b] peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, 2 through whom we have also obtained access[c] into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice[d] in the hope of God’s glory. 3 Not[e] only this, but we also rejoice in sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, 4 and endurance, character, and character, hope. 5 And hope does not disappoint, because the love of God[f] has been poured out[g] in our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.

6 For while we were still helpless, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 (For rarely will anyone die for a righteous person, though for a good person perhaps someone might possibly dare to die.)[h] 8 But God demonstrates his own love for us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. 9 Much more then, because we have now been declared righteous[i] by his blood,[j] we will be saved through him from God’s wrath.[k] 10 For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of his Son, how much more, since we have been reconciled, will we be saved by his life? 11 Not[l] only this, but we also rejoice[m] in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received this reconciliation.

The Amplification of Justification

12 So then, just as sin entered the world through one man and death through sin, and so death spread to all people[n] because[o] all sinned— 13 for before the law was given,[p] sin was in the world, but there is no accounting for sin[q] when there is no law. 14 Yet death reigned from Adam until Moses even over those who did not sin in the same way that Adam (who is a type[r] of the coming one) transgressed.[s] 15 But the gracious gift is not like the transgression.[t] For if the many died through the transgression of the one man,[u] how much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one man Jesus Christ multiply to the many! 16 And the gift is not like the one who sinned.[v] For judgment, resulting from the one transgression,[w] led to condemnation, but[x] the gracious gift from the many failures[y] led to justification. 17 For if, by the transgression of the one man,[z] death reigned through the one, how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ!

18 Consequently,[aa] just as condemnation[ab] for all people[ac] came[ad] through one transgression,[ae] so too through the one righteous act[af] came righteousness leading to life[ag] for all people. 19 For just as through the disobedience of the one man[ah] many[ai] were constituted sinners, so also through the obedience of one man[aj] many[ak] will be constituted righteous. 20 Now the law came in[al] so that the transgression[am] may increase, but where sin increased, grace multiplied all the more, 21 so that just as sin reigned in death, so also grace will reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 5:1 sn Many interpreters see Rom 5:1 as beginning the second major division of the letter.
  2. Romans 5:1 tc A number of significant witnesses have the subjunctive ἔχωμεν (echōmen, “let us have”) instead of ἔχομεν (echomen, “we have”) in v. 1. Included in the subjunctive’s support are א* A B* C D K L 33 81 630 1175 1739* pm lat bo. But the indicative is not without its supporters: א1 B2 F G P Ψ 0220vid 104 365 1241 1505 1506 1739c 1881 2464 pm. If the problem were to be solved on an external basis only, the subjunctive would be preferred. Because of this, the “A” rating on behalf of the indicative in the UBS5 appears overly confident. Nevertheless, the indicative is probably correct. First, the earliest witness to Rom 5:1 has the indicative (0220vid, third century). Second, the first set of correctors is sometimes, if not often, of equal importance with the original hand. Hence, א1 might be given equal value with א*. Third, there is a good cross-section of witnesses for the indicative: Alexandrian (in 0220vid, probably א1 1241 1506 1881 al), Western (in F G), and Byzantine (noted in NA28 as pm). Thus, although the external evidence is strongly in favor of the subjunctive, the indicative is represented well enough that its ancestry could easily go back to the autograph. Turning to the internal evidence, the indicative gains much ground. (1) The variant may have been produced via an error of hearing (since omicron and omega were pronounced alike in ancient Greek). This, of course, does not indicate which reading was the initial text—just that an error of hearing may have produced one of them. In light of the indecisiveness of the transcriptional evidence, intrinsic evidence could play a much larger role. This is indeed the case here. (2) The indicative fits well with the overall argument of the book to this point. Up until now, Paul has been establishing the “indicatives of the faith.” There is only one imperative (used rhetorically) and only one hortatory subjunctive (and this in a quotation within a diatribe) up till this point, while from ch. 6 on there are sixty-one imperatives and seven hortatory subjunctives. Clearly, an exhortation would be out of place in ch. 5. (3) Paul presupposes that the audience has peace with God (via reconciliation) in 5:10. This seems to assume the indicative in v. 1. (4) As C. E. B. Cranfield notes, “it would surely be strange for Paul, in such a carefully argued writing as this, to exhort his readers to enjoy or to guard a peace which he has not yet explicitly shown to be possessed by them” (Romans [ICC], 1:257). (5) The notion that εἰρήνην ἔχωμεν (eirēnēn echōmen) can even naturally mean “enjoy peace” is problematic (ExSyn 464), yet those who embrace the subjunctive have to give the verb some such force. Thus, although the external evidence is stronger in support of the subjunctive, the internal evidence points to the indicative. Although a decision is difficult, ἔχομεν appears to be the authentic reading.
  3. Romans 5:2 tc ‡ There is some dispute over whether τῇ πίστει is here or not. Several decent witnesses lack the words (B D F G 0220 sa Ambst) while they are found (with ἐν preceding the article in some) in other witnesses, some of which are very good (א [+ ἐν in א1; lacking in א*, omitted in אc] A [also with ἐν] C Ψ 33 1739 1881 lat). On balance, the shorter reading has stronger external witnesses. As well, (ἐν) τῇ πίστει strikes the reader as mildly redundant and certainly as a clarification. As such, it seems to be a motivated reading. It is thus best to delete the words from the text.
  4. Romans 5:2 tn Or “exult, boast.”
  5. Romans 5:3 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  6. Romans 5:5 tn The phrase ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ (hē agapē tou theou, “the love of God”) could be interpreted as either an objective genitive (“our love for God”), subjective genitive (“God’s love for us”), or both (M. Zerwick’s “general” genitive [Biblical Greek, §§36-39]; D. B. Wallace’s “plenary” genitive [ExSyn 119-21]). The immediate context, which discusses what God has done for believers, favors a subjective genitive, but the fact that this love is poured out within the hearts of believers implies that it may be the source for believers’ love for God; consequently an objective genitive cannot be ruled out. It is possible that both these ideas are meant in the text and that this is a plenary genitive: “The love that comes from God and that produces our love for God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us” (ExSyn 121).
  7. Romans 5:5 sn On the OT background of the Spirit being poured out, see Isa 32:15; Joel 2:28-29.
  8. Romans 5:7 sn Verse 7 forms something of a parenthetical comment in Paul’s argument.
  9. Romans 5:9 tn Grk “having now been declared righteous.” The participle δικαιωθέντες (dikaiōthentes) has been translated as a causal adverbial participle.
  10. Romans 5:9 tn Or, according to BDF §219.3, “at the price of his blood.”
  11. Romans 5:9 tn Grk “the wrath,” referring to God’s wrath as v. 10 shows.
  12. Romans 5:11 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
  13. Romans 5:11 tn Or “exult, boast.”
  14. Romans 5:12 tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anthrōpous) has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.
  15. Romans 5:12 tn The translation of the phrase ἐφ᾿ ᾧ (eph hō) has been heavily debated. For a discussion of all the possibilities, see C. E. B. Cranfield, “On Some of the Problems in the Interpretation of Romans 5.12,” SJT 22 (1969): 324-41. Only a few of the major options can be mentioned here: (1) the phrase can be taken as a relative clause in which the pronoun refers to Adam, “death spread to all people in whom [Adam] all sinned.” (2) The phrase can be taken with consecutive (resultative) force, meaning “death spread to all people with the result that all sinned.” (3) Others take the phrase as causal in force: “death spread to all people because all sinned.”
  16. Romans 5:13 tn Grk “for before the law.”
  17. Romans 5:13 tn Or “sin is not reckoned.”
  18. Romans 5:14 tn Or “pattern.”
  19. Romans 5:14 tn Or “disobeyed”; Grk “in the likeness of Adam’s transgression.”
  20. Romans 5:15 tn Grk “but not as the transgression, so also [is] the gracious gift.”
  21. Romans 5:15 sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).
  22. Romans 5:16 tn Grk “and not as through the one who sinned [is] the gift.”
  23. Romans 5:16 tn The word “transgression” is not in the Greek text at this point, but has been supplied for clarity.
  24. Romans 5:16 tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.
  25. Romans 5:16 tn Or “falls, trespasses,” the same word used in vv. 15, 17, 18, 20.
  26. Romans 5:17 sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).
  27. Romans 5:18 tn There is a double connective here that cannot be easily preserved in English: “consequently therefore,” emphasizing the conclusion of what he has been arguing.
  28. Romans 5:18 tn Grk “[it is] unto condemnation for all people.”
  29. Romans 5:18 tn Here ἀνθρώπους (anthrōpous) has been translated as a generic (“people”) since both men and women are clearly intended in this context.
  30. Romans 5:18 tn There are no verbs in the Greek text of v. 18, forcing translators to supply phrases like “came through one transgression,” “resulted from one transgression,” etc.
  31. Romans 5:18 sn One transgression refers to the sin of Adam in Gen 3:1-24.
  32. Romans 5:18 sn The one righteous act refers to Jesus’ death on the cross.
  33. Romans 5:18 tn Grk “righteousness of life.”
  34. Romans 5:19 sn Here the one man refers to Adam (cf. 5:14).
  35. Romans 5:19 tn Grk “the many.”
  36. Romans 5:19 sn One man refers here to Jesus Christ.
  37. Romans 5:19 tn Grk “the many.”
  38. Romans 5:20 tn Grk “slipped in.”
  39. Romans 5:20 tn Or “trespass.”
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Romani 5
Nouă Traducere În Limba Română

Rezultatul îndreptăţirii

5 De aceea, fiindcă am fost îndreptăţiţi prin credinţă, avem pace[a] cu Dumnezeu prin Domnul nostru Isus Cristos, 2 prin Care am intrat, prin credinţă, în acest har, în care stăm; şi ne lăudăm în nădejdea slavei lui Dumnezeu. 3 Dar nu numai atât, ci ne bucurăm şi în necazuri, ştiind că necazul produce răbdare, 4 răbdarea produce caracter matur, caracterul matur produce nădejde, 5 iar nădejdea aceasta nu ne dezamăgeşte, întrucât dragostea lui Dumnezeu a fost turnată în inimile noastre prin Duhul Sfânt Care ne-a fost dat, 6 pentru că, în timp ce noi eram neputincioşi, Cristos a murit, la timpul potrivit, pentru cei neevlavioşi. 7 Foarte rar va muri cineva pentru un om drept, deşi pentru un om bun[b] poate că cineva ar îndrăzni să moară. 8 Însă Dumnezeu Şi-a dovedit dragostea faţă de noi prin faptul că, în timp ce noi eram păcătoşi, Cristos a murit pentru noi. 9 Deci, cu atât mai mult acum, când am fost îndreptăţiţi prin sângele Lui, vom fi mântuiţi prin El de mânia lui Dumnezeu. 10 Căci dacă, în timp ce eram duşmani, am fost împăcaţi cu Dumnezeu prin moartea Fiului Său, cu atât mai mult acum, fiind împăcaţi cu El, vom fi mântuiţi prin viaţa Lui. 11 Şi nu doar atât, dar ne şi lăudăm în Dumnezeu prin Domnul nostru Isus Cristos, prin Care am primit împăcarea.

Moartea prin Adam, viaţa prin Cristos

12 De aceea, aşa cum păcatul a intrat în lume printr-un singur om, iar prin păcat a intrat moartea, şi astfel moartea a trecut la toţi oamenii, prin aceasta toţi au păcătuit. 13 Căci, înainte de Lege, era păcat în lume, însă unde nu este Lege nu se ţine o socoteală a păcatelor. 14 Totuşi, moartea a domnit de la Adam până la Moise, chiar şi peste cei care n-au păcătuit printr-o încălcare a poruncii, cum a făcut Adam, care este un arhetip al Celui Ce urma să vină.

15 Însă cu darul nu este ca şi cu greşeala. Căci dacă cei mulţi au murit prin greşeala unuia singur, cu mult mai mult harul lui Dumnezeu şi darul făcut în harul unui Singur Om, Isus Cristos, s-au dat din belşug celor mulţi. 16 Iar darul nu a venit ca printr-acel unul singur care a păcătuit. Fiindcă judecata venită printr-unul singur a adus condamnarea, însă darul, care a urmat după multe păcate, a adus achitarea. 17 Căci dacă prin greşeala unuia singur moartea a domnit prin acel unul, cu atât mai mult vor domni în viaţă cei ce primesc belşugul harului şi darul dreptăţii prin Acel Unul Singur, Isus Cristos. 18 Deci, aşa cum printr-o singură greşeală a venit o condamnare pentru toţi oamenii, tot astfel, printr-un singur act drept a venit o îndreptăţire pentru toţi oamenii, care duce la viaţă. 19 Căci aşa cum, prin neascultarea unui singur om, cei mulţi au fost făcuţi păcătoşi, tot astfel, prin ascultarea Unuia Singur, cei mulţi vor fi făcuţi drepţi. 20 Legea a venit pentru ca să se înmulţească greşeala; însă, acolo unde s-a înmulţit păcatul, harul a fost mai din belşug, 21 pentru ca, aşa cum păcatul a domnit prin moarte, tot astfel să domnească şi harul lui Dumnezeu prin dreptate, ducând la viaţa veşnică prin Isus Cristos, Domnul nostru.

Footnotes

  1. Romani 5:1 Sau: să avem pace; Pavel foloseşte acest termen nu cu un sens subiectiv (o stare a minţii), ci cu un sens obiectiv (o stare de fapt, o stare a relaţiei dintre Dumnezeu şi om)
  2. Romani 5:7 Pavel nu foloseşte termenii drept şi bun din perspectivă teologică, ci dintr-o perspectivă umană, arătând că un om bun îi este superior unui om drept
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Romans 5
World English Bible

5 Being therefore justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ; 2 through whom we also have our access by faith into this grace in which we stand. We rejoice in hope of the glory of God. 3 Not only this, but we also rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, proven character; and proven character, hope; 5 and hope doesn’t disappoint us, because God’s love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.

6 For while we were yet weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For one will hardly die for a righteous man. Yet perhaps for a good person someone would even dare to die. 8 But God commends his own love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.

9 Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we will be saved from God’s wrath through him. 10 For if while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we will be saved by his life.

11 Not only so, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation. 12 Therefore, as sin entered into the world through one man, and death through sin, so death passed to all men because all sinned. 13 For until the law, sin was in the world; but sin is not charged when there is no law. 14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those whose sins weren’t like Adam’s disobedience, who is a foreshadowing of him who was to come.

15 But the free gift isn’t like the trespass. For if by the trespass of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many. 16 The gift is not as through one who sinned; for the judgment came by one to condemnation, but the free gift followed many trespasses to justification. 17 For if by the trespass of the one, death reigned through the one; so much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ.

18 So then as through one trespass, all men were condemned; even so through one act of righteousness, all men were justified to life. 19 For as through the one man’s disobedience many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the one, many will be made righteous. 20 The law came in that the trespass might abound; but where sin abounded, grace abounded more exceedingly, 21 that as sin reigned in death, even so grace might reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

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