Romans 4
New Catholic Bible
Abraham Justified through Faith[a]
Chapter 4
Justified through Faith, Not Works.[b] 1 What then are we to say about Abraham, our ancestor according to the flesh? 2 If Abraham was justified by the works he did, he has good reason to boast, but not in the eyes of God. 3 For what does Scripture say? “Abraham placed his faith in God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[c]
4 Now when a man works, his wages are not regarded as a gift but as something that is due to him. 5 However, when someone who does not work places his faith in one who justifies the godless, such faith is reckoned as righteousness. 6 [d]In the same way, David speaks of the blessedness of the one to whom God attributes righteousness apart from works:
7 “Blessed are those whose iniquities are forgiven
and whose sins are blotted out.
8 Blessed is the man
to whom the Lord imputes no guilt.”
Justified before Being Circumcised.[e] 9 Is this blessedness granted only to the circumcised, or does it apply to the uncircumcised as well? We have asserted that Abraham’s faith “was credited to him as righteousness.” 10 How was it credited? Was it when he was circumcised or uncircumcised? Not when he was circumcised, but when he was uncircumcised.
11 Abraham received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. In this way, he was the father of all who believe without being circumcised and who thus have righteousness credited to them. 12 Therefore, he is the father of the circumcised who have not only received circumcision but also follow that path of faith traversed by Abraham before he was circumcised.
13 Justified Apart from the Law.[f] It was not through the Law that Abraham and his descendants received the promise that he would inherit the world, but through the righteousness of faith. 14 If those who live by the Law are the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. 15 For the Law produces only wrath, and where no Law exists, there cannot be any violation.
16 Therefore, the promise depends on faith, so that it may be a free gift and the promise may be guaranteed to all descendants, not only to the adherents of the Law but also to those who share the faith of Abraham. For he is the father of all of us, 17 as it is written, “I have made you the father of many nations,” in the sight of God in whom he believed, the God who gives life to the dead and calls into being what does not exist.
18 The Power of Faith.[g] Though he hoped against hope, he believed that he would become the father of many nations, in fulfillment of the promise, “So shall your descendants be.” 19 His faith was not shaken when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead (for he was about one hundred years old), and the barren womb of Sarah. 20 Confident in the promise of God, he did not doubt in unbelief; rather, he was strengthened in his faith and gave glory to God, 21 remaining fully convinced that he was able to fulfill his pledge. 22 Therefore, his faith “was credited to him as righteousness.”
23 “It was credited to him” was not written with Abraham alone in mind. 24 This was also meant for us as well, to whom it will be credited as righteousness—for us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord 25 who was handed over to death for our sins and who was raised to life for our justification.
Footnotes
- Romans 4:1 There is but one dispensation, that of grace and faith, which excludes all human pride and allows us to receive everything from God with thanksgiving. The story of Abraham is the purest illustration of this truth. Christian faith is present germinally in the faith of the father of believers (see Gal 3:6-8).
- Romans 4:1 The father of believers can do nothing that is of value before God. He is regarded as just, i.e., holy and close to God, because he acknowledges that he is poor and entrusts himself wholly to the Lord. To forgive sins constitutes the gratuitous act par excellence, the act of God (vv. 7-8).
- Romans 4:3 At first glance, it seems that the Letter of James (2:24) goes against this statement of Paul. However, it is clear from the context in James that the phrase “by works and not by faith alone” does not mean that genuine faith is not sufficient for justification but rather that faith unaccompanied by works is not genuine. Thus, the teaching of James does not conflict with that of Paul.
- Romans 4:6 When a sinner repents, God takes away his unrighteousness by forgiving him when he confesses his sins (see Ps 32:3-5; Ezek 18:23, 27f, 32; 33:14-16).
- Romans 4:9 Abraham became the friend of God (see Gen 15:6) before being circumcised (see Gen 17:19). This means that circumcision is neither the source of nor the condition for being justified; it is simply given as a sign of the promise that God made to Abraham because he believed (Gen 17). Circumcision is the external mark of the Covenant—not the source of righteousness. It is faith that links Christ to the chosen people, who are neither Jews nor Gentiles.
- Romans 4:13 Abraham owes nothing to the Law, for this came into force a long time after him (see Gal 3:17). Moreover, no law can do anything but “lay bare” sin and condemn the sinner (see Gal 3:10). Now, the promise of salvation is something else—it is a grace of God. In Abraham, it is assured to all who believe. Thus, all believers have access to the historic plan of God, and Paul loves to celebrate the universality of faith.
- Romans 4:18 God is the “Master of the Impossible”; he is even powerful enough to bring about the raising of a dead person. It is in such certitude that believers live. Abraham believed in the word of the Lord who announced that two “dead” bodies, i.e., sterile people, himself and Sarah, would give life to Isaac (Gen 15:5). Moreover, circumstances called into question the fulfillment of the promise; yet Abraham—ever the father of believers—never doubted. Thus, he shared the condition of Christians who steadfastly believe in Life because they believe in the risen Jesus, the Son of the Living God. The object of faith is the Passover of Christ.
Romains 4
La Bible du Semeur
4 Prenons l’exemple d’Abraham, l’ancêtre de notre peuple, selon la descendance physique. Que pouvons-nous dire à son sujet ? Quelle a été son expérience ? 2 S’il a été déclaré juste en raison de ce qu’il a fait, alors certes, il peut se vanter. Mais ce n’est pas ainsi que Dieu voit la chose ! 3 En effet, que dit l’Ecriture ? Abraham a eu confiance en Dieu, et Dieu a porté sa foi à son crédit[a] pour le déclarer juste[b].
4 Si quelqu’un accomplit un travail, on lui compte son salaire non pas comme si on lui faisait une faveur, mais d’après ce qui lui est dû. 5 Et si quelqu’un n’accomplit pas les œuvres requises par la Loi mais place sa confiance en Dieu qui déclare justes les pécheurs, Dieu le déclare juste en portant sa foi à son crédit. 6 De même, David déclare béni l’homme que Dieu déclare juste sans qu’il ait produit les œuvres qu’exige la Loi :
7 Ils sont bénis, ceux dont les fautes ont été pardonnées
et dont les péchés ont été effacés !
8 Il est béni, l’homme au compte de qui
le Seigneur ne porte pas le péché[c] !
9 Cette bénédiction est-elle réservée aux seuls circoncis, ou est-elle aussi accessible aux incirconcis ? Nous venons de le dire : Dieu a porté la foi d’Abraham à son crédit pour le déclarer juste. 10 A quel moment cela a-t-il eu lieu ? Quand Abraham était circoncis ou quand il était encore incirconcis ? Ce n’est pas quand il était circoncis, mais quand il ne l’était pas encore. 11 Et Dieu lui donna ensuite le signe de la circoncision comme sceau de la justice qu’il avait déjà reçue par la foi avant d’être circoncis. Il est devenu ainsi le père de tous ceux qui croient sans être circoncis pour qu’eux aussi soient déclarés justes par Dieu de la même manière. 12 Il est aussi devenu le père des circoncis qui ne se contentent pas d’avoir la circoncision, mais qui suivent l’exemple de la foi que notre père Abraham a manifestée alors qu’il était encore incirconcis.
13 Car la promesse de recevoir le monde en héritage a été faite à Abraham ou à sa descendance non parce qu’il avait obéi à la Loi, mais parce que Dieu l’a déclaré juste à cause de sa foi. 14 En effet, s’il faut être sous le régime de la Loi[d] pour avoir droit à cet héritage, alors la foi n’a plus de sens et la promesse est annulée. 15 Car la Loi produit la colère de Dieu. Or, là où il n’y a pas de Loi, il n’y a pas non plus de transgression. 16 Voilà pourquoi l’héritage se reçoit par la foi : c’est pour qu’il soit un don de la grâce. Ainsi, la promesse se trouve confirmée à toute la descendance d’Abraham, c’est-à-dire non seulement à celle qui a la Loi, mais aussi à celle qui partage la foi d’Abraham. Il est notre père à tous, 17 comme le dit l’Ecriture : Je t’ai établi pour être le père d’une multitude de peuples[e]. Placé en présence de Dieu[f], il mit sa confiance en celui qui donne la vie aux morts et appelle à l’existence ce qui n’existe pas.
18 Alors que tout portait au contraire, il a eu confiance, plein d’espérance. Ainsi il est devenu le père d’une multitude de peuples[g] conformément à ce que Dieu lui avait dit : Tes descendants seront nombreux[h].
19 Bien qu’il considéra son corps, qui était comme mort – il avait presque cent ans – et celui de Sara, qui ne pouvait plus donner la vie, sa foi ne faiblit pas. 20 Au contraire : loin de mettre en doute la promesse et de refuser de croire, il trouva sa force dans la foi, en reconnaissant la grandeur de Dieu[i] 21 et en étant absolument persuadé que Dieu est capable d’accomplir ce qu’il a promis.
22 C’est pourquoi, Dieu l’a déclaré juste en portant sa foi à son crédit[j]. 23 Or si cette parole : Dieu a porté sa foi à son crédit a été consignée dans l’Ecriture, ce n’est pas seulement pour Abraham[k]. 24 Elle nous concerne nous aussi. Car la foi sera aussi portée à notre crédit, à nous qui plaçons notre confiance en celui qui a ressuscité Jésus notre Seigneur ; 25 il a été livré pour nos fautes, et il est ressuscité pour que nous soyons déclarés justes[l].
Footnotes
- 4.3 Paul emploie un terme du vocabulaire commercial qui signifie : imputer, porter au compte de quelqu’un. Dieu a porté l’acte de foi d’Abraham au compte du patriarche et l’a déclaré juste.
- 4.3 Gn 15.6.
- 4.8 Ps 32.1-2.
- 4.14 Autre traduction : s’il faut obéir à la Loi.
- 4.17 Gn 17.5.
- 4.17 Autre traduction : Il est notre père à tous 17 devant celui en qui il a mis sa confiance, Dieu qui donne…
- 4.18 Gn 17.5.
- 4.18 Gn 15.5.
- 4.20 Autre traduction : il fut fortifié dans sa foi et fit ainsi honneur à Dieu.
- 4.22 Gn 15.6.
- 4.23 Autre traduction : elle ne concerne pas seulement Abraham.
- 4.25 Autre traduction : ressuscité parce qu’il avait accompli l’œuvre par laquelle nous sommes déclarés justes.
Romans 4
New International Version
Abraham Justified by Faith
4 What then shall we say(A) that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh,(B) discovered in this matter? 2 If, in fact, Abraham was justified by works, he had something to boast about—but not before God.(C) 3 What does Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”[a](D)
4 Now to the one who works, wages are not credited as a gift(E) but as an obligation. 5 However, to the one who does not work but trusts God who justifies the ungodly, their faith is credited as righteousness.(F) 6 David says the same thing when he speaks of the blessedness of the one to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
7 “Blessed are those
whose transgressions are forgiven,
whose sins are covered.
8 Blessed is the one
whose sin the Lord will never count against them.”[b](G)
9 Is this blessedness only for the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised?(H) We have been saying that Abraham’s faith was credited to him as righteousness.(I) 10 Under what circumstances was it credited? Was it after he was circumcised, or before? It was not after, but before! 11 And he received circumcision as a sign, a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised.(J) So then, he is the father(K) of all who believe(L) but have not been circumcised, in order that righteousness might be credited to them. 12 And he is then also the father of the circumcised who not only are circumcised but who also follow in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.
13 It was not through the law that Abraham and his offspring received the promise(M) that he would be heir of the world,(N) but through the righteousness that comes by faith.(O) 14 For if those who depend on the law are heirs, faith means nothing and the promise is worthless,(P) 15 because the law brings wrath.(Q) And where there is no law there is no transgression.(R)
16 Therefore, the promise comes by faith, so that it may be by grace(S) and may be guaranteed(T) to all Abraham’s offspring—not only to those who are of the law but also to those who have the faith of Abraham. He is the father of us all.(U) 17 As it is written: “I have made you a father of many nations.”[c](V) He is our father in the sight of God, in whom he believed—the God who gives life(W) to the dead and calls(X) into being things that were not.(Y)
18 Against all hope, Abraham in hope believed and so became the father of many nations,(Z) just as it had been said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”[d](AA) 19 Without weakening in his faith, he faced the fact that his body was as good as dead(AB)—since he was about a hundred years old(AC)—and that Sarah’s womb was also dead.(AD) 20 Yet he did not waver through unbelief regarding the promise of God, but was strengthened(AE) in his faith and gave glory to God,(AF) 21 being fully persuaded that God had power to do what he had promised.(AG) 22 This is why “it was credited to him as righteousness.”(AH) 23 The words “it was credited to him” were written not for him alone, 24 but also for us,(AI) to whom God will credit righteousness—for us who believe in him(AJ) who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead.(AK) 25 He was delivered over to death for our sins(AL) and was raised to life for our justification.(AM)
Footnotes
- Romans 4:3 Gen. 15:6; also in verse 22
- Romans 4:8 Psalm 32:1,2
- Romans 4:17 Gen. 17:5
- Romans 4:18 Gen. 15:5
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