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Chapter 3

The Value of Judaism. Is there any advantage, therefore, in being a Jew? Or what is the value of circumcision? A great deal in every respect. In the first place, they were entrusted with the words of God. What if some were unfaithful? Will their lack of faith nullify the fidelity of God? By no means! God must be true even if every human being is a liar,[a] as it is written,

“That you may be justified in your words,
    and vindicated when you are judged.”

But if our wickedness serves to confirm the righteousness of God, what are we to say? Is God unjust (I speak of him in human terms) to bring retribution upon us? Of course not! For that would imply that God could not judge the world. But if, as a result of my falsehood, God demonstrates his truthfulness, to his greater glory, why am I still being condemned as a sinner? And why not say, as some people slanderously accuse us of proposing, “Let us do evil so that good may result”? Such people deserve their condemnation.

The Whole World Guilty before God.[b] Well, then, are we any better?[c] No, not at all. For we have already charged that both Jews and Gentiles alike are all under the power of sin. 10 As it is written,

“There is no one who is righteous,
    not even one.
11 There is no one who has understanding,
    there is no one who seeks God.
12 All have turned away;
    together they have become worthless.
There is no one who shows kindness,
    not even one.
13 Their throats are open graves;
    they use their tongues to deceive.
The venom of vipers is on their lips;
14     their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness.
15 Their feet hasten to shed blood;
16     ruin and misery mark their paths.
17 The way of peace they do not know;
18     there is no fear of God before their eyes.”

19 Now we know that what the Law says is addressed to those who are under the Law, so that every mouth may be silenced and the entire world may be seen as guilty before God. 20 For no one can be regarded as justified in the sight of God by keeping the Law. The Law brings only the consciousness of sin.

The Redemption in Jesus Christ[d]

21 God’s Righteousness through Faith in Jesus Christ.[e] But now the righteousness of God that is attested by the Law and the Prophets has been manifested apart from law: 22 the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. No distinction has been made. 23 For all have sinned and thereby are deprived of the glory of God, 24 and all are justified by the gift of his grace that is given freely through the redemption in Christ Jesus.

25 God designated him to be a sacrifice of expiation of sin through faith by the shedding of his blood because in his divine forbearance he allowed to be unpunished the sins previously committed. 26 He thus demonstrated his righteousness in the present time so that he might show himself to be just as the one who justifies anyone who has faith in Jesus.

27 Justification through Faith Apart from the Works of the Law. What reason then does one have to boast? It is excluded! By works of the Law? No, rather by the law of faith. 28 For we maintain that one is justified by faith apart from the works of the Law.

29 Is God the God only of the Jews? Is he not also the God of the Gentiles? Yes, he is the God of the Gentiles too, 30 since there is only one God, and he will justify both the circumcised and the uncircumcised on the basis of their faith. 31 Are we thereby nullifying the Law by this faith? By no means! On the contrary, we are upholding the Law.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 3:4 Every human being is a liar: these words are taken from Ps 116:11 LXX; the rest of the verse comes from Ps 51:6 LXX.
  2. Romans 3:9 To ensure the solidity of his inquiry concerning the universal reign of sin, Paul applies the Biblical proof to it. In the manner of the rabbis, he offers several citations on human corruption from the Psalms and the Book of Isaiah (the references are—in the order of the citations—Pss 14:1-3; 5:9; 140:4; 10:7; Isa 59:7-8; Pss 36:1; 143:2). Paul has led us in this descent into the hell of sin, in which humankind lies impotent, in order to enable us to appreciate the greatness of redemption and the necessity of faith.
  3. Romans 3:9 Are we any better?: i.e., are Jews better than Gentiles in God’s sight?
  4. Romans 3:21 By dying on the cross, Jesus Christ publicly manifested the justice of God, that is, the faithful fulfillment of what God had promised for the salvation of every human being.
  5. Romans 3:21 Sacrifice of expiation alludes to the cover of the ark, known as the “propitiatory,” which played an important role in the Jewish ritual of the Day of Atonement (Lev 16). It was sprinkled with the blood of animals, as though to atone for collective sin. By giving his life, Christ really freed the people from sin and brought them God’s forgiveness.

Gud har alltid rätt i sin dom

Vilken fördel har då juden? Eller vilken nytta ger omskärelsen? (A) Stor nytta på alla sätt. Först och främst att Guds ord har anförtrotts dem.

(B) För vad betyder det om några inte trodde? Kan deras otro upphäva Guds trofasthet? (C) Verkligen inte! Låt det stå fast att Gud är sann och varje människa en lögnare, som det står skrivet: För att du ska få rätt i dina ord och vinna när man går till rätta med dig.[a]

(D) Men om vår orättfärdighet visar Guds rättfärdighet, vad ska vi då säga? Inte kan väl Gud, mänskligt talat, vara orättfärdig när han straffar i sin vrede? (E) Verkligen inte! Hur skulle Gud då kunna döma världen?

Men om Guds sanning genom min falskhet framstår så mycket klarare till hans ära, varför blir jag då dömd som syndare? (F) Eller varför inte säga, så som vissa hånfullt påstår att vi lär: "Låt oss göra det onda för att framkalla det goda"? De ska få den dom de förtjänar.

Inför Gud är alla syndare

(G) Hur är det då? Har vi någon fördel? Inte alls. Vi har ju redan anklagat alla, både judar och greker, för att stå under syndens välde. 10 Som det står skrivet:[b]

Ingen rättfärdig finns,
    inte en enda.
11 Ingen finns som förstår,
    ingen som söker Gud.
12 (H) Alla har avfallit,
        alla är fördärvade.
    Ingen finns som gör det goda,
        inte en enda.
13 Deras strupe är en öppen grav,[c]
        sina tungor använder de till svek.
    De har huggormsgift
        bakom sina läppar.
14 Deras mun är full av förbannelse[d]
    och bitterhet.
15 Deras fötter är snabba[e]
    till att spilla blod.
16 Förödelse och elände
    råder på deras vägar,
17 och fridens väg
    känner de inte.
18 De har ingen gudsfruktan
    för ögonen.[f]

19 (I) Men vi vet att allt som lagen säger är riktat till dem som står under lagen, för att varje mun ska tystas och hela världen stå skyldig inför Gud. 20 (J) Ingen människa förklaras rättfärdig inför honom genom laggärningar. Vad som ges genom lagen är insikt om synd.

Förklarad rättfärdig i Kristus

21 (K) Men nu har det uppenbarats en rättfärdighet från Gud utan lag, en som lagen och profeterna vittnar om, 22 (L) en rättfärdighet från Gud genom tro på Jesus Kristus[g] för alla som tror. Här finns ingen skillnad. 23 (M) Alla har syndat och saknar härligheten från Gud, 24 (N) och de förklaras rättfärdiga som en gåva, av hans nåd, därför att de är friköpta av Kristus Jesus. 25 (O) Honom har Gud ställt fram som en nådastol[h] genom tron på hans blod. Så ville han visa sin rättfärdighet[i], eftersom han i sitt tålamod hade lämnat de tidigare begångna synderna ostraffade. 26 I den tid som nu är ville han visa sin rättfärdighet: att han både är rättfärdig och förklarar den rättfärdig som tror på Jesus.

27 (P) Vad kan vi då berömma oss av? Beröm är uteslutet. Genom vilken lag? Gärningarnas? Nej, genom trons lag. 28 (Q) Vi hävdar nämligen att människan förklaras rättfärdig genom tro, utan laggärningar. 29 Eller är Gud bara judarnas Gud? Är han inte också hedningarnas? Jo, också hedningarnas, 30 (R) lika sant som att Gud är en, han som förklarar den omskurne rättfärdig av tro och den oomskurne genom tron.

31 (S) Upphäver vi då lagen genom tron? Verkligen inte! Vi upprätthåller lagen.

Footnotes

  1. 3:4 Ps 51:6. Annan översättning: “… när du dömer".
  2. 3:10f Ps 14:1f.
  3. 3:13 Ps 5:10, 140:4.
  4. 3:14 Ps 10:7.
  5. 3:15f Jes 59:7f.
  6. 3:18 Ps 36:2.
  7. 3:22 genom tro på Jesus Kristus   Annan översättning: "genom Jesu Kristi trofasthet".
  8. 3:25 nådastol   Förbundsarkens gyllene lock där offerblodet stänktes till försoning för folkets synd (2 Mos 25:17f, 3 Mos 16:14f). Ordagrant: "soningsställe".
  9. 3:25 visa sin rättfärdighet   som bl a kräver att synden blir bestraffad (jfr t ex Jer 30:11).

God’s Faithfulness

What advantage, then, is there in being a Jew, or what value is there in circumcision? Much in every way!(A) First of all, the Jews have been entrusted with the very words of God.(B)

What if some were unfaithful?(C) Will their unfaithfulness nullify God’s faithfulness?(D) Not at all! Let God be true,(E) and every human being a liar.(F) As it is written:

“So that you may be proved right when you speak
    and prevail when you judge.”[a](G)

But if our unrighteousness brings out God’s righteousness more clearly,(H) what shall we say? That God is unjust in bringing his wrath on us? (I am using a human argument.)(I) Certainly not! If that were so, how could God judge the world?(J) Someone might argue, “If my falsehood enhances God’s truthfulness and so increases his glory,(K) why am I still condemned as a sinner?”(L) Why not say—as some slanderously claim that we say—“Let us do evil that good may result”?(M) Their condemnation is just!

No One Is Righteous

What shall we conclude then? Do we have any advantage?(N) Not at all! For we have already made the charge that Jews and Gentiles alike are all under the power of sin.(O) 10 As it is written:

“There is no one righteous, not even one;
11     there is no one who understands;
    there is no one who seeks God.
12 All have turned away,
    they have together become worthless;
there is no one who does good,
    not even one.”[b](P)
13 “Their throats are open graves;
    their tongues practice deceit.”[c](Q)
“The poison of vipers is on their lips.”[d](R)
14     “Their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness.”[e](S)
15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood;
16     ruin and misery mark their ways,
17 and the way of peace they do not know.”[f](T)
18     “There is no fear of God before their eyes.”[g](U)

19 Now we know that whatever the law says,(V) it says to those who are under the law,(W) so that every mouth may be silenced(X) and the whole world held accountable to God.(Y) 20 Therefore no one will be declared righteous in God’s sight by the works of the law;(Z) rather, through the law we become conscious of our sin.(AA)

Righteousness Through Faith

21 But now apart from the law the righteousness of God(AB) has been made known, to which the Law and the Prophets testify.(AC) 22 This righteousness(AD) is given through faith(AE) in[h] Jesus Christ(AF) to all who believe.(AG) There is no difference between Jew and Gentile,(AH) 23 for all have sinned(AI) and fall short of the glory of God, 24 and all are justified(AJ) freely by his grace(AK) through the redemption(AL) that came by Christ Jesus. 25 God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement,[i](AM) through the shedding of his blood(AN)—to be received by faith. He did this to demonstrate his righteousness, because in his forbearance he had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished(AO) 26 he did it to demonstrate his righteousness at the present time, so as to be just and the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus.

27 Where, then, is boasting?(AP) It is excluded. Because of what law? The law that requires works? No, because of the law that requires faith. 28 For we maintain that a person is justified by faith apart from the works of the law.(AQ) 29 Or is God the God of Jews only? Is he not the God of Gentiles too? Yes, of Gentiles too,(AR) 30 since there is only one God, who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through that same faith.(AS) 31 Do we, then, nullify the law by this faith? Not at all! Rather, we uphold the law.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 3:4 Psalm 51:4
  2. Romans 3:12 Psalms 14:1-3; 53:1-3; Eccles. 7:20
  3. Romans 3:13 Psalm 5:9
  4. Romans 3:13 Psalm 140:3
  5. Romans 3:14 Psalm 10:7 (see Septuagint)
  6. Romans 3:17 Isaiah 59:7,8
  7. Romans 3:18 Psalm 36:1
  8. Romans 3:22 Or through the faithfulness of
  9. Romans 3:25 The Greek for sacrifice of atonement refers to the atonement cover on the ark of the covenant (see Lev. 16:15,16).

God’s Judgment Defended

What advantage then has the Jew, or what is the profit of circumcision? Much in every way! Chiefly because (A)to them were committed the [a]oracles of God. For what if (B)some did not believe? (C)Will their unbelief make the faithfulness of God without effect? (D)Certainly not! Indeed, let (E)God be [b]true but (F)every man a liar. As it is written:

(G)“That You may be justified in Your words,
And may overcome when You are judged.”

But if our unrighteousness demonstrates the righteousness of God, what shall we say? Is God unjust who inflicts wrath? (H)(I speak as a man.) Certainly not! For then (I)how will God judge the world?

For if the truth of God has increased through my lie to His glory, why am I also still judged as a sinner? And why not say, (J)“Let us do evil that good may come”?—as we are slanderously reported and as some affirm that we say. Their [c]condemnation is just.

All Have Sinned(K)

What then? Are we better than they? Not at all. For we have previously charged both Jews and Greeks that (L)they are all under sin.

10 As it is written:

(M)“There is none righteous, no, not one;
11 There is none who understands;
There is none who seeks after God.
12 They have all turned aside;
They have together become unprofitable;
There is none who does good, no, not one.”
13 “Their(N) throat is an open [d]tomb;
With their tongues they have practiced deceit”;
(O)“The poison of asps is under their lips”;
14 “Whose(P) mouth is full of cursing and bitterness.”
15 “Their(Q) feet are swift to shed blood;
16 Destruction and misery are in their ways;
17 And the way of peace they have not known.”
18 “There(R) is no fear of God before their eyes.”

19 Now we know that whatever (S)the law says, it says to those who are under the law, that (T)every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become [e]guilty before God. 20 Therefore (U)by the deeds of the law no flesh will be justified in His sight, for by the law is the knowledge of sin.

God’s Righteousness Through Faith

21 But now (V)the righteousness of God apart from the law is revealed, (W)being witnessed by the Law (X)and the Prophets, 22 even the righteousness of God, through faith in Jesus Christ, to all [f]and on all who believe. For (Y)there is no difference; 23 for (Z)all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, 24 being justified [g]freely (AA)by His grace (AB)through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, 25 whom God set forth (AC)as a [h]propitiation (AD)by His blood, through faith, to demonstrate His righteousness, because in His forbearance God had passed over (AE)the sins that were previously committed, 26 to demonstrate at the present time His righteousness, that He might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.

Boasting Excluded

27 (AF)Where is boasting then? It is excluded. By what law? Of works? No, but by the law of faith. 28 Therefore we conclude (AG)that a man is [i]justified by faith apart from the deeds of the law. 29 Or is He the God of the Jews only? Is He not also the God of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also, 30 since (AH)there is one God who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith. 31 Do we then make void the law through faith? Certainly not! On the contrary, we establish the law.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 3:2 sayings, Scriptures
  2. Romans 3:4 Found true
  3. Romans 3:8 Lit. judgment
  4. Romans 3:13 grave
  5. Romans 3:19 accountable
  6. Romans 3:22 NU omits and on all
  7. Romans 3:24 without any cost
  8. Romans 3:25 mercy seat
  9. Romans 3:28 declared righteous

Fidelidad de Dios

Entonces, ¿de qué vale ser judío? ¿De qué sirve la circuncisión?

Hay muchas ventajas. En primer lugar, Dios les encomendó a los judíos su palabra. Es cierto que muchos de ellos han sido incrédulos, pero, ¿acaso puede Dios faltar a sus promesas por esa razón? ¡Por supuesto que no! Aunque el mundo entero sea mentiroso, Dios no lo es. ¿Recuerdan lo que está escrito?: «Serás considerado justo por lo que dices y saldrás victorioso cuando te sometan a juicio».

Pero si nuestra injusticia hace que se vea con más claridad la justicia de Dios, ¿qué podemos responder a quien dice esto? ¿Diremos que Dios es injusto cuando nos castiga? ¡Dios nos libre! Si así fuera, ¿cómo podría Dios juzgar al mundo? Pero ¿cómo podría juzgarme Dios por ser pecador, si con mi mentira resalta su verdad, para su gloria?

Si así fuera, podríamos llegar a esta conclusión: «Hagamos el mal para que nos vaya bien». Los que dicen tales cosas tienen bien merecida la condenación. ¡Y hay quién se atreve a decir que esto es lo que yo enseño!

No hay un solo justo

Bueno, ¿somos los judíos mejores que los demás? En ninguna manera. Ya hemos demostrado que todos los hombres son pecadores, ya sean judíos o gentiles.

10 Como dicen las Escrituras:

«Nadie es bueno, nadie en absoluto. 11 Nadie entiende, ninguno busca a Dios. 12 Todos han perdido el camino, nadie vive como Dios manda».

13 «Sus conversaciones están llenas de suciedad, como el hedor de una tumba abierta; sus lenguas están cargadas de engaños».

14 «Cuanto dicen está impregnado de veneno de serpientes; sus bocas están llenas de maldición y amargura».

15 «Matan con rapidez y ligereza; 16 dondequiera que van, dejan tras sí destrucción y miseria».

17 «Nunca han sabido lo que es la paz. 18 No les importa Dios ni lo temen».

19 Sabemos que esto que dice la ley, lo dice a quienes están sujetos a ella. Por eso, el mundo entero tiene que callar y todos tendrán que reconocer que el juicio de Dios es justo.

20 Y esto es así porque nadie puede alcanzar el favor de Dios por obedecer la ley, pues mientras mejor conocemos la ley de Dios más nos damos cuenta de que somos pecadores.

La justicia mediante la fe

21 Sin embargo, Dios nos ha mostrado ahora la forma para que él nos acepte. De ella ya había enseñado el Antiguo Testamento. No se trata de guardar la ley. 22 Dios hace justos a quienes creen en Jesucristo, sin favoritismo alguno. 23 Es así porque todos hemos pecado y no tenemos derecho a gozar de la gloria de Dios. 24 Pero Dios, por su gran amor, gratuitamente nos declara inocentes, porque Jesucristo pagó todas nuestras deudas.

25-26 Dios ofreció a Jesucristo como sacrificio por nuestros pecados. Cuando creemos esto, Dios nos perdona todos nuestros pecados pasados, pues nos tiene paciencia. De esa manera da a conocer su justicia y muestra que él es justo y que nos hace justos por tener fe en Cristo Jesús.

27 ¿De qué podemos jactarnos entonces? Absolutamente de nada.

¿Por qué? Porque nuestra salvación no depende de la obediencia a la ley, sino de la fe.

28 En conclusión, podemos decir que Dios hace a la persona justa por la fe en Cristo y no en virtud de la obediencia a la ley.

29 Ahora bien, ¿Dios es sólo Dios de los judíos? No, Dios es Dios de todas las naciones. 30 Sólo hay un Dios, y él nos hace justos a todos por igual, ya seamos judíos o gentiles, cuando tenemos fe.

31 ¿Quiere decir esto que si tenemos fe la ley no tiene valor alguno? ¡Por supuesto que no! Más bien, reafirmamos la ley.