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28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God,[a] God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do what should not be done.[b] 29 They are filled[c] with every kind of unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, malice. They are rife with[d] envy, murder, strife, deceit, hostility. They are gossips, 30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, contrivers of all sorts of evil, disobedient to parents, 31 senseless, covenant-breakers,[e] heartless, ruthless. 32 Although they fully know[f] God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die,[g] they not only do them but also approve of those who practice them.[h]

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:28 tn Grk “and just as they did not approve to have God in knowledge.”
  2. Romans 1:28 tn Grk “the things that are improper.”
  3. Romans 1:29 tn Grk “being filled” or “having been filled,” referring to those described in v. 28. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
  4. Romans 1:29 tn Grk “malice, full of,” continuing the description. Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
  5. Romans 1:31 tn Or “promise-breakers.”
  6. Romans 1:32 tn Grk “who, knowing…, not only do them but also approve…” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.
  7. Romans 1:32 tn Grk “are worthy of death.”
  8. Romans 1:32 sn “Vice lists” like vv. 28-32 can be found elsewhere in the NT in Matt 15:19; Gal 5:19-21; 1 Tim 1:9-10; and 1 Pet 4:3. An example from the intertestamental period can be found in Wis 14:25-26.

28 And just as they did not see fit [a]to acknowledge God, (A)God gave them over to an unfit mind, to do those things which are not proper, 29 having been filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, greed, evil; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice; they are (B)gossips, 30 slanderers, [b](C)haters of God, violent, arrogant, boastful, inventors of evil, (D)disobedient to parents, 31 without understanding, untrustworthy, (E)unloving, unmerciful; 32 and although they know the righteous requirement of God, that those who practice such things are worthy of (F)death, they not only do the same, but also (G)give hearty approval to those who practice them.

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 1:28 Lit to have God in knowledge
  2. Romans 1:30 Or hateful to God