Romans 11
New King James Version
Israel’s Rejection Not Total
11 I say then, (A)has God cast away His people? (B)Certainly not! For (C)I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God has not cast away His people whom (D)He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying, 3 (E)“Lord, they have killed Your prophets and torn down Your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life”? 4 But what does the divine response say to him? (F)“I have reserved for Myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” 5 (G)Even so then, at this present time there is a remnant according to the election of grace. 6 And (H)if by grace, then it is no longer of works; otherwise grace is no longer grace. [a]But if it is of works, it is no longer grace; otherwise work is no longer work.
7 What then? (I)Israel has not obtained what it seeks; but the elect have obtained it, and the rest were (J)blinded. 8 Just as it is written:
(K)“God has given them a spirit of stupor,
(L)Eyes that they should not see
And ears that they should not hear,
To this very day.”
9 And David says:
(M)“Let their table become a snare and a trap,
A stumbling block and a recompense to them.
10 Let their eyes be darkened, so that they do not see,
And bow down their back always.”
Israel’s Rejection Not Final
11 I say then, have they stumbled that they should fall? Certainly not! But (N)through their [b]fall, to provoke them to (O)jealousy, salvation has come to the Gentiles. 12 Now if their [c]fall is riches for the world, and their failure riches for the Gentiles, how much more their fullness!
13 For I speak to you Gentiles; inasmuch as (P)I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 14 if by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh and (Q)save some of them. 15 For if their being cast away is the reconciling of the world, what will their acceptance be (R)but life from the dead?
16 For if (S)the firstfruit is holy, the lump is also holy; and if the root is holy, so are the branches. 17 And if (T)some of the branches were broken off, (U)and you, being a wild olive tree, were grafted in among them, and with them became a partaker of the root and [d]fatness of the olive tree, 18 (V)do not boast against the branches. But if you do boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you.
19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off that I might be grafted in.” 20 Well said. Because of (W)unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by faith. Do not be haughty, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He may not spare you either. 22 Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, [e]goodness, (X)if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise (Y)you also will be cut off. 23 And they also, (Z)if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these, who are natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?
25 For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be (AA)wise in your own [f]opinion, that (AB)blindness in part has happened to Israel (AC)until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be [g]saved, as it is written:
(AD)“The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
27 For (AE)this is My covenant with them,
When I take away their sins.”
28 Concerning the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but concerning the election they are (AF)beloved for the sake of the fathers. 29 For the gifts and the calling of God are (AG)irrevocable. 30 For as you (AH)were once disobedient to God, yet have now obtained mercy through their disobedience, 31 even so these also have now been disobedient, that through the mercy shown you they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God has [h]committed them (AI)all to disobedience, that He might have mercy on all.
33 Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and His ways past finding out!
34 “For who has known the (AJ)mind of the Lord?
Or (AK)who has become His counselor?”
35 “Or(AL) who has first given to Him
And it shall be repaid to him?”
36 For (AM)of Him and through Him and to Him are all things, (AN)to whom be glory forever. Amen.
Footnotes
- Romans 11:6 NU omits the rest of v. 6.
- Romans 11:11 trespass
- Romans 11:12 trespass
- Romans 11:17 richness
- Romans 11:22 NU adds of God
- Romans 11:25 estimation
- Romans 11:26 Or delivered
- Romans 11:32 shut them all up in
Romans 11
New English Translation
Israel’s Rejection not Complete nor Final
11 So I ask, God has not rejected his people, has he? Absolutely not! For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God has not rejected his people whom he foreknew! Do you not know what the scripture says about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel? 3 “Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars; I alone am left and they are seeking my life!”[a] 4 But what was the divine response[b] to him? “I have kept for myself 7,000 people[c] who have not bent the knee to Baal.”[d]
5 So in the same way at the present time there is a remnant chosen by grace. 6 And if it is by grace, it is no longer by works, otherwise grace would no longer be grace. 7 What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was diligently seeking, but the elect obtained it. The[e] rest were hardened, 8 as it is written,
“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
eyes that would not see and ears that would not hear,
to this very day.”[f]
9 And David says,
“Let their table become a snare and trap,
a stumbling block and a retribution for them;
10 let their eyes be darkened so that they may not see,
and make their backs bend continually.”[g]
11 I ask then, they did not stumble into an irrevocable fall,[h] did they? Absolutely not! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make Israel[i] jealous. 12 Now if their transgression means riches for the world and their defeat means riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their full restoration[j] bring?
13 Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Seeing that I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 14 if somehow I could provoke my people to jealousy and save some of them. 15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead? 16 If the first portion[k] of the dough offered is holy, then the whole batch is holy, and if the root is holy, so too are the branches.[l]
17 Now if some of the branches were broken off, and you, a wild olive shoot, were grafted in among them and participated in[m] the richness of the olive root, 18 do not boast over the branches. But if you boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you. 19 Then you will say, “The branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted![n] They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand by faith. Do not be arrogant, but fear! 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, perhaps he will not spare you. 22 Notice therefore the kindness and harshness of God—harshness toward those who have fallen, but[o] God’s kindness toward you, provided you continue in his kindness;[p] otherwise you also will be cut off. 23 And even they—if they do not continue in their unbelief—will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut off from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and grafted, contrary to nature, into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these natural branches be grafted back into their own olive tree?
25 For I do not want you to be ignorant of this mystery, brothers and sisters,[q] so that you may not be conceited: A partial hardening has happened to Israel[r] until the full number[s] of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so[t] all Israel will be saved, as it is written:
“The Deliverer will come out of Zion;
he will remove ungodliness from Jacob.
27 And this is my covenant with them,[u]
when I take away their sins.”[v]
28 In regard to the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but in regard to election they are dearly loved for the sake of the fathers. 29 For the gifts and the call of God are irrevocable. 30 Just as you were formerly disobedient to God, but have now received mercy due to their disobedience, 31 so they too have now been disobedient in order that, by the mercy shown to you, they too may now[w] receive mercy. 32 For God has consigned all people to disobedience so that he may show mercy to them all.[x]
33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how unfathomable his ways!
34 For who has known the mind of the Lord,
or who has been his counselor?[y]
35 Or who has first given to God,[z]
that God[aa] needs to repay him?[ab]
36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever! Amen.
Footnotes
- Romans 11:3 sn A quotation from 1 Kgs 19:10, 14.
- Romans 11:4 tn Grk “the revelation,” “the oracle.”
- Romans 11:4 tn The Greek term here is ἀνήρ (anēr), which only exceptionally is used in a generic sense of both males and females. In this context, it appears to be a generic usage (“people”) since when Paul speaks of a remnant of faithful Israelites (“the elect,” v. 7), he is not referring to males only. It can also be argued, however, that it refers only to adult males here (“men”), perhaps as representative of all the faithful left in Israel.
- Romans 11:4 sn A quotation from 1 Kgs 19:18.
- Romans 11:7 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
- Romans 11:8 sn A quotation from Deut 29:4; Isa 29:10.
- Romans 11:10 sn A quotation from Ps 69:22-23.
- Romans 11:11 tn Grk “that they might fall.”
- Romans 11:11 tn Grk “them”; the referent (Israel, cf. 11:7) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Romans 11:12 tn Or “full inclusion”; Grk “their fullness.”
- Romans 11:16 tn Grk “firstfruits,” a term for the first part of something that has been set aside and offered to God before the remainder can be used.
- Romans 11:16 sn Most interpreters see Paul as making use of a long-standing metaphor of the olive tree (the root…the branches) as a symbol for Israel. See, in this regard, Jer 11:16, 19. A. T. Hanson, Studies in Paul’s Technique and Theology, 121-24, cites rabbinic use of the figure of the olive tree, and goes so far as to argue that Rom 11:17-24 is a midrash on Jer 11:16-19.
- Romans 11:17 tn Grk “became a participant of.”
- Romans 11:20 tn Grk “well!”, an adverb used to affirm a statement. It means “very well,” “you are correct.”
- Romans 11:22 tn Greek emphasizes the contrast between these two clauses more than can be easily expressed in English.
- Romans 11:22 tn Grk “if you continue in (the) kindness.”
- Romans 11:25 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:13.
- Romans 11:25 tn Or “Israel has experienced a hardening in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in.”
- Romans 11:25 tn Grk “fullness.”
- Romans 11:26 tn It is not clear whether the phrase καὶ οὕτως (kai houtōs, “and so”) is to be understood in a modal sense (“and in this way”) or in a temporal sense (“and in the end”). Neither interpretation is conclusive from a grammatical standpoint, and in fact the two may not be mutually exclusive. Some, like H. Hübner, who argue strongly against the temporal reading, nevertheless continue to give the phrase a temporal significance, saying that God will save all Israel in the end (Gottes Ich und Israel [FRLANT], 118).
- Romans 11:27 sn A quotation from Isa 59:20-21.
- Romans 11:27 sn A quotation from Isa 27:9; Jer 31:33-34.
- Romans 11:31 tc Some significant Alexandrian and Western mss (א B D*,c 1506 bo) read νῦν (nun, “now”) here. A few other mss (33 365 sa) have ὕστερον (husteron, “finally”). mss that lack the word are P46 A D1 F G Ψ 81 1175 1241 1505 1739 1881 M latt. External evidence slightly favors omission with good representatives from the major text-forms, and because of the alliance of Alexandrian and Byzantine mss (with the Byzantine going against its normal tendency to embrace the longer reading). Internally, scribes could have added νῦν here to give balance to the preceding clause (οὗτοι νῦν ἠπείθησαν…αὐτοὶ νῦν ἐλεηθῶσιν [|outoi nun ēpeithēsan…autoi nun eleēthōsin; “they have now been disobedient…they may now receive mercy”]). However, it seems much more likely that they would have deleted it because of its seeming inappropriateness in this context. That some witnesses have ὕστερον presupposes the presence of νῦν in their ancestors. A decision is difficult, but νῦν is slightly preferred, since it is the more difficult reading and is adequately represented in the mss.
- Romans 11:32 tn Grk “to all”; “them” has been supplied for stylistic reasons.
- Romans 11:34 sn A quotation from Isa 40:13.
- Romans 11:35 tn Grk “him”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Romans 11:35 tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Romans 11:35 sn A quotation from Job 41:11.
Romeinen 11
Het Boek
Geënt op de goede olijfboom
11 Heeft God zijn eigen volk dan afgeschreven? Zeker niet, ik ben immers zelf een Israëliet. Ik ben een nakomeling van Abraham en ik hoor ook bij de stam van Benjamin. 2 Nee, God heeft het volk van zijn keuze niet afgeschreven. U herinnert zich wel hoe de profeet Elia zich bij God over Israël beklaagde. 3 ‘Here,’ zei hij, ‘zij hebben uw profeten gedood en uw altaren omvergehaald. Alleen ik ben nog over en nu willen zij mij ook doden.’ 4 En wat antwoordde God hem? ‘Ik heb ervoor gezorgd dat er nog zevenduizend mannen aan mijn kant staan. Ook die hebben hun knieën niet voor de afgod Baäl gebogen.’ 5 Ook in deze tijd zijn er Israëlieten die bij God horen. Hij heeft in zijn genade een aantal van hen uitgekozen. 6 Het was de genade van God. Ze konden er zelf niets aan toedoen, anders zou het geen genade zijn. 7 De Israëlieten hebben dus niet gekregen wat zij zo graag wilden, op een paar na die door God waren uitgekozen. Maar de meesten werden steeds ongevoeliger. 8 Dat klopt met wat in de Boeken staat: ‘God heeft hen geestelijk diep in slaap gebracht. Met hun ogen zien zij niet en met hun oren horen zij niet. Dat is nog steeds zo.’ 9 David zei: ‘Laat het lekkere eten een valstrik voor hen worden. Laten ze in de val lopen en struikelen. Dat is hun verdiende loon. 10 Verslechter hun ogen, zodat zij niets meer kunnen zien. Maak hun rug voor altijd krom.’
11 Zijn de Israëlieten dan gestruikeld om voorgoed te blijven liggen? Natuurlijk niet! Maar door hun weigering om te gehoorzamen, is nu de andere volken het heil te beurt gevallen en wel om de Israëlieten jaloers te maken. 12 De wereld heeft dus voordeel van hun ongehoorzaamheid. Als hun val de andere volken al zoveel goeds heeft gebracht, hoeveel te meer zal dat het geval zijn als straks alle Israëlieten gaan gehoorzamen!
13 Ja, ik heb het tegen u, die geen Joden bent. U weet dat God mij met een bijzondere opdracht naar de andere volken heeft gestuurd. En ik vind dat geweldig! 14 Maar wat zou het heerlijk zijn als ik mijn eigen volk jaloers kon maken, zodat in elk geval enkelen ervan Jezus Christus zouden aannemen en daardoor gered zouden worden! 15 Toen God Zich van hen afkeerde, betekende dit dat Hij Zich naar de rest van de wereld keerde om hun zijn redding aan te bieden. En wanneer Hij hen dan opnieuw in zijn genade aanneemt, zal dat hun opstanding uit de dood zijn. 16 Omdat Abraham en de profeten het volk van God waren, zullen hun kinderen het ook zijn. Als de wortel van God is, zijn de takken ook van Hem. 17 Sommige takken van de goede olijfboom zijn afgebroken. En u, niet-Joden, bent als wilde olijftakken op de goede olijfboom geënt. Nu u tussen de andere takken staat, krijgt u net als zij voedsel uit de wortel. 18 Nu moet u vooral niet neerkijken op de takken die weggebroken zijn. Verbeeld u maar niets! U bent maar een tak en niet de wortel die alle takken draagt. 19 U zult dan vragen: ‘Maar die takken zijn toch weggebroken om plaats te maken voor ons?’ 20 Ja, dat is wel zo. Maar vergeet niet dat zij werden weggebroken, omdat zij niet geloofden. En u staat daar zolang u op Hem vertrouwt. Verbeeld u maar niets. Heb liever ontzag voor God. 21 Als God de oorspronkelijke takken van de boom niet heeft gespaard, zal Hij u zeker niet sparen. 22 U ziet dus dat God niet alleen goed is, maar ook streng. Hij is streng voor wie Hem ongehoorzaam zijn, maar vriendelijk voor wie Hem blijven vertrouwen en gehoorzamen. Houd dit in gedachten, want anders zult u ook afgesneden worden. 23 Aan de andere kant: als de Israëlieten tot geloof komen, zullen zij weer op de boom worden geënt. Ja, God kan dat! 24 Hij heeft u van de wilde olijfbomen afgekapt en op de goede geënt. Dat was tegen de natuur. Van nature was u takken van de wilde en niet van de goede olijfboom. Nu, wat zal God dan doen met de mensen die van nature takken van de goede boom zijn? Hij zal hen weer op hun eigen boom enten!
25 Broeders en zusters, ik wil u het geheim van Gods plan met Israël vertellen, om te voorkomen dat u afgaat op uw eigen ideeën. Voorlopig moet een deel van de Israëlieten niets van Jezus Christus hebben. En dat duurt totdat de grote massa uit de andere volken in Gods koninkrijk is ingegaan. 26 Dan zal heel Israël gered worden. Dat staat ook in de Boeken: ‘De grote bevrijder zal uit Sion komen om het kwaad van Israël weg te doen.’ 27 ‘Dit is mijn afspraak met hen: Ik zal hun zonden wegnemen.’ 28 Zij staan dus vijandig tegenover het goede nieuws van Jezus Christus. Daar hebt u voordeel van. Maar omdat zij vanouds het volk zijn dat God uitgekozen heeft, houdt Hij nog steeds van hen. 29 Want als Hij iets zegt, komt Hij er niet op terug. En als Hij in genade iets heeft gegeven, blijft het gegeven.
30 Vroeger verzette u zich tegen God. Maar omdat de Israëlieten zich tegen Hem hebben verzet, heeft Hij u nu genade gegeven. 31 Nu zijn zij het dus die zich tegen God verzetten, terwijl u genade hebt gekregen. Maar de bedoeling daarvan is dat zij ook genade zullen krijgen. 32 Want God heeft alle mensen aan de ongehoorzaamheid overgegeven om hun allemaal genadig te kunnen zijn. 33 Wat is God groot! Zijn rijkdom, wijsheid en kennis zijn onmeetbaar. Geen mens weet hoe Hij zijn beslissingen neemt. Het is onmogelijk zijn wegen na te gaan. 34 Wie kan vertellen wat er in de gedachten van de Here omgaat? Wie zou Hem ooit raad kunnen geven? 35 Wie heeft Hem ooit iets gegeven waarvoor Hij iets terug moet geven? 36 Want alles komt van God, alles bestaat door God en alles heeft zijn doel in God. Voor Hem is alle eer, voor altijd en eeuwig. Amen.
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