Print Page Options Listen to Romans 9

Paul’s Anguish Over Israel

I speak the truth in Christ—I am not lying,(A) my conscience confirms(B) it through the Holy Spirit— I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. For I could wish that I myself(C) were cursed(D) and cut off from Christ for the sake of my people,(E) those of my own race,(F) the people of Israel.(G) Theirs is the adoption to sonship;(H) theirs the divine glory,(I) the covenants,(J) the receiving of the law,(K) the temple worship(L) and the promises.(M) Theirs are the patriarchs,(N) and from them is traced the human ancestry of the Messiah,(O) who is God over all,(P) forever praised![a](Q) Amen.

God’s Sovereign Choice

It is not as though God’s word(R) had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.(S) Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham’s children. On the contrary, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”[b](T) In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God’s children,(U) but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham’s offspring.(V) For this was how the promise was stated: “At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son.”[c](W)

10 Not only that, but Rebekah’s children were conceived at the same time by our father Isaac.(X) 11 Yet, before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad(Y)—in order that God’s purpose(Z) in election might stand: 12 not by works but by him who calls—she was told, “The older will serve the younger.”[d](AA) 13 Just as it is written: “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”[e](AB)

14 What then shall we say?(AC) Is God unjust? Not at all!(AD) 15 For he says to Moses,

“I will have mercy on whom I have mercy,
    and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”[f](AE)

16 It does not, therefore, depend on human desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.(AF) 17 For Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”[g](AG) 18 Therefore God has mercy on whom he wants to have mercy, and he hardens whom he wants to harden.(AH)

19 One of you will say to me:(AI) “Then why does God still blame us?(AJ) For who is able to resist his will?”(AK) 20 But who are you, a human being, to talk back to God?(AL) “Shall what is formed say to the one who formed it,(AM) ‘Why did you make me like this?’”[h](AN) 21 Does not the potter have the right to make out of the same lump of clay some pottery for special purposes and some for common use?(AO)

22 What if God, although choosing to show his wrath and make his power known, bore with great patience(AP) the objects of his wrath—prepared for destruction?(AQ) 23 What if he did this to make the riches of his glory(AR) known to the objects of his mercy, whom he prepared in advance for glory(AS) 24 even us, whom he also called,(AT) not only from the Jews but also from the Gentiles?(AU) 25 As he says in Hosea:

“I will call them ‘my people’ who are not my people;
    and I will call her ‘my loved one’ who is not my loved one,”[i](AV)

26 and,

“In the very place where it was said to them,
    ‘You are not my people,’
    there they will be called ‘children of the living God.’”[j](AW)

27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel:

“Though the number of the Israelites be like the sand by the sea,(AX)
    only the remnant will be saved.(AY)
28 For the Lord will carry out
    his sentence on earth with speed and finality.”[k](AZ)

29 It is just as Isaiah said previously:

“Unless the Lord Almighty(BA)
    had left us descendants,
we would have become like Sodom,
    we would have been like Gomorrah.”[l](BB)

Israel’s Unbelief

30 What then shall we say?(BC) That the Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have obtained it, a righteousness that is by faith;(BD) 31 but the people of Israel, who pursued the law as the way of righteousness,(BE) have not attained their goal.(BF) 32 Why not? Because they pursued it not by faith but as if it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone.(BG) 33 As it is written:

“See, I lay in Zion a stone that causes people to stumble
    and a rock that makes them fall,
    and the one who believes in him will never be put to shame.”[m](BH)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:5 Or Messiah, who is over all. God be forever praised! Or Messiah. God who is over all be forever praised!
  2. Romans 9:7 Gen. 21:12
  3. Romans 9:9 Gen. 18:10,14
  4. Romans 9:12 Gen. 25:23
  5. Romans 9:13 Mal. 1:2,3
  6. Romans 9:15 Exodus 33:19
  7. Romans 9:17 Exodus 9:16
  8. Romans 9:20 Isaiah 29:16; 45:9
  9. Romans 9:25 Hosea 2:23
  10. Romans 9:26 Hosea 1:10
  11. Romans 9:28 Isaiah 10:22,23 (see Septuagint)
  12. Romans 9:29 Isaiah 1:9
  13. Romans 9:33 Isaiah 8:14; 28:16

A Soberania de Deus

Digo a verdade em Cristo, não minto; minha consciência o confirma no Espírito Santo: tenho grande tristeza e constante angústia em meu coração. Pois eu até desejaria ser amaldiçoado e separado de Cristo por amor de meus irmãos, os de minha raça, o povo de Israel. Deles é a adoção de filhos; deles é a glória divina, as alianças, a concessão da Lei, a adoração no templo e as promessas. Deles são os patriarcas, e a partir deles se traça a linhagem humana de Cristo, que é Deus acima de todos, bendito para sempre![a] Amém.

Não pensemos que a palavra de Deus falhou. Pois nem todos os descendentes de Israel são Israel. Nem por serem descendentes de Abraão passaram todos a ser filhos de Abraão. Ao contrário: “Por meio de Isaque a sua descendência será considerada”[b]. Noutras palavras, não são os filhos naturais[c] que são filhos de Deus, mas os filhos da promessa é que são considerados descendência de Abraão. Pois foi assim que a promessa foi feita: “No tempo devido virei novamente, e Sara terá um filho”[d].

10 E esse não foi o único caso; também os filhos de Rebeca tiveram um mesmo pai, nosso pai Isaque. 11 Todavia, antes que os gêmeos nascessem ou fizessem qualquer coisa boa ou má — a fim de que o propósito de Deus conforme a eleição permanecesse, 12 não por obras, mas por aquele que chama — foi dito a ela: “O mais velho servirá ao mais novo”[e]. 13 Como está escrito: “Amei Jacó, mas rejeitei Esaú”[f].

14 E então, que diremos? Acaso Deus é injusto? De maneira nenhuma! 15 Pois ele diz a Moisés:

“Terei misericórdia de quem
    eu quiser ter misericórdia
e terei compaixão de quem
    eu quiser ter compaixão”[g].

16 Portanto, isso não depende do desejo ou do esforço humano, mas da misericórdia de Deus. 17 Pois a Escritura diz ao faraó: “Eu o levantei exatamente com este propósito: mostrar em você o meu poder, e para que o meu nome seja proclamado em toda a terra”[h]. 18 Portanto, Deus tem misericórdia de quem ele quer, e endurece a quem ele quer.

19 Mas algum de vocês me dirá: “Então, por que Deus ainda nos culpa? Pois, quem resiste à sua vontade?” 20 Mas quem é você, ó homem, para questionar a Deus? “Acaso aquilo que é formado pode dizer ao que o formou: ‘Por que me fizeste assim?’[i] 21 O oleiro não tem direito de fazer do mesmo barro um vaso para fins nobres e outro para uso desonroso?

22 E se Deus, querendo mostrar a sua ira e tornar conhecido o seu poder, suportou com grande paciência os vasos de sua ira, preparados[j] para a destruição? 23 Que dizer, se ele fez isto para tornar conhecidas as riquezas de sua glória aos vasos de sua misericórdia, que preparou de antemão para glória, 24 ou seja, a nós, a quem também chamou, não apenas dentre os judeus, mas também dentre os gentios? 25 Como ele diz em Oséias:

“Chamarei ‘meu povo’
    a quem não é meu povo;
e chamarei ‘minha amada’
    a quem não é minha amada”[k],

26 e:

“Acontecerá que, no mesmo
    lugar em que se lhes declarou:
‘Vocês não são meu povo’,
    eles serão chamados
‘filhos do Deus vivo’”[l].

27 Isaías exclama com relação a Israel:

“Embora o número
    dos israelitas
seja como a areia do mar,
    apenas o remanescente
    será salvo.
28 Pois o Senhor executará
    na terra a sua sentença,
rápida e definitivamente”[m].

29 Como anteriormente disse Isaías:

“Se o Senhor dos Exércitos
    não nos tivesse deixado descendentes,
já estaríamos como Sodoma,
    e semelhantes a Gomorra”[n].

A Incredulidade de Israel

30 Que diremos, então? Os gentios, que não buscavam justiça, a obtiveram, uma justiça que vem da fé; 31 mas Israel, que buscava uma lei que trouxesse justiça, não a alcançou. 32 Por que não? Porque não a buscava pela fé, mas como se fosse por obras. Eles tropeçaram na “pedra de tropeço”. 33 Como está escrito:

“Eis que ponho em Sião
    uma pedra de tropeço
e uma rocha que faz cair;
    e aquele que nela confia
jamais será envergonhado”[o].

Footnotes

  1. 9.5 Ou Cristo, que é sobre tudo. Seja Deus louvado para sempre!
  2. 9.7 Gn 21.12
  3. 9.8 Grego: da carne.
  4. 9.9 Gn 18.10,14
  5. 9.12 Gn 25.23
  6. 9.13 Ml 1.2,3
  7. 9.15 Êx 33.19
  8. 9.17 Êx 9.16
  9. 9.20 Is 29.16; 45.9
  10. 9.22 Ou prontos
  11. 9.25 Os 2.23
  12. 9.26 Os 1.10
  13. 9.27,28 Is 10.22,23
  14. 9.29 Is 1.9
  15. 9.33 Is 8.14; 28.16

Deep Concern for Israel

(A)I am telling the truth in Christ, I am not lying; my conscience testifies with me in the Holy Spirit, that I have great sorrow and unceasing grief in my heart. For (B)I could [a]wish that I myself were (C)accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my countrymen, my kinsmen (D)according to the flesh, who are (E)Israelites, to whom belongs (F)the adoption as sons and daughters, (G)the glory, (H)the covenants, (I)the giving of the Law, (J)the temple service, and (K)the promises; whose are (L)the fathers, and (M)from whom is the [b]Christ according to the flesh, (N)who is over all, (O)God (P)blessed [c]forever. Amen.

But it is not as though (Q)the word of God has failed. (R)For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel; nor are they all children (S)because they are Abraham’s [d](T)descendants, but: “[e](U)through Isaac your [f]descendants shall be named.” That is, it is not the children of the flesh [g]who are (V)children of God, but the (W)children of the promise are regarded as [h](X)descendants. For this is the word of promise: “(Y)At this time I will come, and Sarah will have a son.” 10 (Z)And not only that, but there was also (AA)Rebekah, when she had conceived twins by one man, our father Isaac; 11 for though the twins were not yet born and had not done anything good or bad, so that (AB)God’s purpose according to His choice would [i]stand, not [j]because of works but [k]because of Him who calls, 12 it was said to her, “(AC)The older will serve the younger.” 13 Just as it is written: “(AD)Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated.”

14 (AE)What shall we say then? (AF)There is no injustice with God, is there? [l](AG)Far from it! 15 For He says to Moses, “(AH)I will have mercy on whomever I have mercy, and I will show compassion to whomever I show compassion.” 16 So then, it does not depend on the person who [m]wants it nor the one who [n](AI)runs, but on (AJ)God who has mercy. 17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “(AK)For this very reason I raised you up, in order to demonstrate My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed [o]throughout the earth.” 18 So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He (AL)hardens whom He desires.

19 (AM)You will say to me then, “(AN)Why does He still find fault? For (AO)who has resisted His will?” 20 On the contrary, who are you, [p](AP)you foolish person, who (AQ)answers back to God? (AR)The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it? 21 Or does the potter not have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one object [q]for honorable use, and another [r]for common use? 22 [s]What if God, although willing to demonstrate His wrath and to make His power known, endured with great (AS)patience objects of wrath (AT)prepared for destruction? 23 And He did so to make known (AU)the riches of His glory upon (AV)objects of mercy, which He (AW)prepared beforehand for glory, 24 namely us, whom He also (AX)called, (AY)not only from among Jews, but also from among Gentiles, 25 as He also says in Hosea:

(AZ)I will call those who were not My people, ‘My people,’
And her who was not beloved, ‘beloved.’”
26 (BA)And it shall be that in the place where it was said to them, ‘you are not My people,’
There they shall be called sons of (BB)the living God.”

27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel, “(BC)Though the number of the sons of Israel may be (BD)like the sand of the sea, only (BE)the remnant will be saved; 28 (BF)for the Lord will execute His word on the earth, [t]thoroughly and [u]quickly.” 29 And just as Isaiah foretold:

(BG)If (BH)the Lord [v]of armies had not left us [w](BI)descendants,
(BJ)We would have become like Sodom, and would have [x]been like Gomorrah.”

30 (BK)What shall we say then? That Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, attained righteousness, but (BL)the righteousness that is [y]by faith; 31 however, Israel, (BM)pursuing a law of righteousness, did not (BN)arrive at that law. 32 Why? Because they did not pursue it [z]by faith, but as though they could [aa]by works. They stumbled over (BO)the stumbling stone, 33 just as it is written:

(BP)Behold, I am laying in Zion (BQ)a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense,
(BR)And the one who believes in Him (BS)will not be [ab]put to shame.”

Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:3 Lit pray
  2. Romans 9:5 I.e., Messiah
  3. Romans 9:5 Lit unto the ages
  4. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  5. Romans 9:7 Lit in
  6. Romans 9:7 Lit seed
  7. Romans 9:8 Lit these
  8. Romans 9:8 Lit seed
  9. Romans 9:11 Lit remain
  10. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  11. Romans 9:11 Lit from
  12. Romans 9:14 Lit May it never happen!
  13. Romans 9:16 Or wills nor
  14. Romans 9:16 I.e., to win mercy or favor
  15. Romans 9:17 Lit in all
  16. Romans 9:20 Lit O
  17. Romans 9:21 Lit for honor
  18. Romans 9:21 Lit for dishonor
  19. Romans 9:22 Lit But
  20. Romans 9:28 Lit finishing it
  21. Romans 9:28 Lit cutting it short
  22. Romans 9:29 Gr sabaoth, for Heb tsebaoth (armies)
  23. Romans 9:29 Lit seed
  24. Romans 9:29 Lit been made like
  25. Romans 9:30 Lit out of
  26. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  27. Romans 9:32 Lit out of
  28. Romans 9:33 Or disappointed

Tristeza de Paulo por causa da incredulidade de Israel

Em Cristo digo a verdade, não minto (dando-me testemunho a minha consciência no Espírito Santo): tenho grande tristeza e contínua dor no meu coração. Porque eu mesmo poderia desejar ser separado de Cristo, por amor de meus irmãos, que são meus parentes segundo a carne; que são israelitas, dos quais é a adoção de filhos, e a glória, e os concertos, e a lei, e o culto, e as promessas; dos quais são os pais, e dos quais é Cristo, segundo a carne, o qual é sobre todos, Deus bendito eternamente. Amém!

A liberdade absoluta da graça de Deus

Não que a palavra de Deus haja faltado, porque nem todos os que são de Israel são israelitas; nem por serem descendência de Abraão são todos filhos; mas: Em Isaque será chamada a tua descendência. Isto é, não são os filhos da carne que são filhos de Deus, mas os filhos da promessa são contados como descendência. Porque a palavra da promessa é esta: Por este tempo virei, e Sara terá um filho. 10 E não somente esta, mas também Rebeca, quando concebeu de um, de Isaque, nosso pai; 11 porque, não tendo eles ainda nascido, nem tendo feito bem ou mal (para que o propósito de Deus, segundo a eleição, ficasse firme, não por causa das obras, mas por aquele que chama), 12 foi-lhe dito a ela: O maior servirá o menor. 13 Como está escrito: Amei Jacó e aborreci Esaú.

14 Que diremos, pois? Que há injustiça da parte de Deus? De maneira nenhuma! 15 Pois diz a Moisés: Compadecer-me-ei de quem me compadecer e terei misericórdia de quem eu tiver misericórdia. 16 Assim, pois, isto não depende do que quer, nem do que corre, mas de Deus, que se compadece. 17 Porque diz a Escritura a Faraó: Para isto mesmo te levantei, para em ti mostrar o meu poder e para que o meu nome seja anunciado em toda a terra. 18 Logo, pois, compadece-se de quem quer e endurece a quem quer.

19 Dir-me-ás, então: Por que se queixa ele ainda? Porquanto, quem resiste à sua vontade? 20 Mas, ó homem, quem és tu, que a Deus replicas? Porventura, a coisa formada dirá ao que a formou: Por que me fizeste assim? 21 Ou não tem o oleiro poder sobre o barro, para da mesma massa fazer um vaso para honra e outro para desonra? 22 E que direis se Deus, querendo mostrar a sua ira e dar a conhecer o seu poder, suportou com muita paciência os vasos da ira, preparados para perdição, 23 para que também desse a conhecer as riquezas da sua glória nos vasos de misericórdia, que para glória dantes preparou, 24 os quais somos nós, a quem também chamou, não só dentre os judeus, mas também dentre os gentios? 25 Como também diz em Oseias: Chamarei meu povo ao que não era meu povo; e amada, à que não era amada. 26 E sucederá que no lugar em que lhes foi dito: Vós não sois meu povo, aí serão chamados filhos do Deus vivo. 27 Também Isaías clamava acerca de Israel: Ainda que o número dos filhos de Israel seja como a areia do mar, o remanescente é que será salvo. 28 Porque o Senhor executará a sua palavra sobre a terra, completando-a e abreviando-a. 29 E como antes disse Isaías: Se o Senhor dos Exércitos nos não deixara descendência, teríamos sido feitos como Sodoma e seríamos semelhantes a Gomorra.

30 Que diremos, pois? Que os gentios, que não buscavam a justiça, alcançaram a justiça? Sim, mas a justiça que é pela fé. 31 Mas Israel, que buscava a lei da justiça, não chegou à lei da justiça. 32 Por quê? Porque não foi pela fé, mas como que pelas obras da lei. Tropeçaram na pedra de tropeço, 33 como está escrito: Eis que eu ponho em Sião uma pedra de tropeço e uma rocha de escândalo; e todo aquele que crer nela não será confundido.

I say the truth in Christ, I lie not, my conscience also bearing me witness in the Holy Ghost,

That I have great heaviness and continual sorrow in my heart.

For I could wish that myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh:

Who are Israelites; to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the covenants, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises;

Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.

Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel:

Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.

That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the children of the promise are counted for the seed.

For this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sarah shall have a son.

10 And not only this; but when Rebecca also had conceived by one, even by our father Isaac;

11 (For the children being not yet born, neither having done any good or evil, that the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works, but of him that calleth;)

12 It was said unto her, The elder shall serve the younger.

13 As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.

14 What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid.

15 For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.

16 So then it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy.

17 For the scripture saith unto Pharaoh, Even for this same purpose have I raised thee up, that I might shew my power in thee, and that my name might be declared throughout all the earth.

18 Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.

19 Thou wilt say then unto me, Why doth he yet find fault? For who hath resisted his will?

20 Nay but, O man, who art thou that repliest against God? Shall the thing formed say to him that formed it, Why hast thou made me thus?

21 Hath not the potter power over the clay, of the same lump to make one vessel unto honour, and another unto dishonour?

22 What if God, willing to shew his wrath, and to make his power known, endured with much longsuffering the vessels of wrath fitted to destruction:

23 And that he might make known the riches of his glory on the vessels of mercy, which he had afore prepared unto glory,

24 Even us, whom he hath called, not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?

25 As he saith also in Osee, I will call them my people, which were not my people; and her beloved, which was not beloved.

26 And it shall come to pass, that in the place where it was said unto them, Ye are not my people; there shall they be called the children of the living God.

27 Esaias also crieth concerning Israel, Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea, a remnant shall be saved:

28 For he will finish the work, and cut it short in righteousness: because a short work will the Lord make upon the earth.

29 And as Esaias said before, Except the Lord of Sabaoth had left us a seed, we had been as Sodoma, and been made like unto Gomorrha.

30 What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after righteousness, have attained to righteousness, even the righteousness which is of faith.

31 But Israel, which followed after the law of righteousness, hath not attained to the law of righteousness.

32 Wherefore? Because they sought it not by faith, but as it were by the works of the law. For they stumbled at that stumblingstone;

33 As it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a stumblingstone and rock of offence: and whosoever believeth on him shall not be ashamed.