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10 Brethren, the will of mine heart and my beseeching is made to God for them into health.

But I bear witnessing to them [Forsooth I bear witnessing to them], that they have the love of God, but not after knowing.

For they not knowing God's rightwiseness [For they unknowing God's rightwiseness], and seeking to make steadfast their own rightwiseness, be not subject to the rightwiseness of God.

For the end of the law is Christ, to rightwiseness to each man that believeth.

For Moses wrote, For the man that shall do rightwiseness that is of the law, shall live in it.

But the rightwiseness that is of belief, saith thus, Say thou not in thine heart, Who shall ascend into heaven? that is to say, to lead down Christ;

or who shall go down into hell? that is, to again-call Christ from death.[a]

But what saith the scripture? The word is nigh in thy mouth, and in thine heart; this is the word of belief, which we preach.

That if thou acknowledge in thy mouth the Lord Jesus Christ, and believest in thine heart, that God raised him from death [that God raised him from dead], thou shalt be safe.

10 For by heart me believeth to rightwiseness [Forsooth by heart men believeth to rightwiseness], but by mouth acknowledging is made to health.

11 For why the scripture saith, Each that believeth in him, shall not be confounded.

12 And there is no distinction of Jew and of Greek; for the same Lord of all is rich into all, that inwardly call him [that in-call him].

13 For each man, whoever shall inwardly call [whoever shall in-call] the name of the Lord, shall be safe.

14 How then shall they inwardly call him [How therefore shall they in-call him], into whom they have not believed? or how shall they believe to him, whom they have not heard? How shall they hear, without a preacher?

15 and how shall they preach, but they be sent? As it is written, How fair be the feet of them that preach peace, of them that preach good things [As it is written, How fair the feet of men evangelizing peace, of preaching good things].

16 But not all men obey to the gospel [But not all obey to the gospel]. For Esaias saith, Lord, who believed to our hearing?

17 Therefore faith is of hearing [Therefore faith by hearing], but hearing by the word of Christ.

18 But I say, Whether they heard not? Yes, soothly the sound of them went out into all the earth, and their words into the ends of the world.

19 But I say, Whether Israel knew not? First Moses saith, I shall lead you to envy, that ye be no folk; that ye be an unwise folk, I shall send you into wrath [First Moses saith, I shall lead you to envy, into not a folk; into an unwise folk, I shall send you into wrath].

20 And Esaias is bold, and saith, I am found of men that seek me not; openly I appeared to them, that asked not me.

21 But to Israel he saith, All day I stretched out mine hands to a people that believed not, but gainsaid me. [Forsooth to Israel, he saith, All day I stretched out my hands to a people not believing to me, but again-saying to me.]

11 Therefore I say, Whether God hath put away his people? God forbid [Far be it]. For [and] I am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the lineage of Benjamin.

God hath not put away his people, which he before-knew. Whether ye know not [Whether ye witen not], what the scripture saith in Elias? How he prayeth God against Israel,

Lord, they have slain thy prophets, they have under-delved thine altars, and I am left alone, and they seek my life.

But what saith God's answer to him? I have left to me seven thousands of men [I have left to me seven thousand of men], that have not bowed their knees before Baal.

So therefore also in this time, the remnants [the reliefs] be made safe, by the choosing [after the choosing] of the grace of God.

And if it be by the grace of God, it is not now of works; else grace is not now grace.

What then? Israel hath not gotten this that he sought [Israel hath not gotten that that he sought], but election hath gotten; and the others be blinded.

As it is written, God gave to them a spirit of compunction, eyes that they see not, and ears, that they hear not, into this day.

And David saith, Be the board of them made into a snare before them, and into catching, and into cause of stumbling, and into yielding to them [and into catching, and into offence, and into yielding again to them].

10 Be the eyes of them made dark, that they see not; and bow thou down always the back of them [and bow down all-gates the back of them].

11 Therefore I say, Whether they offended so, that they should fall down? God forbid [Far be it]. But by the guilt of them health is made to heathen men, that they follow them.

12 That if the guilt of them be riches of the world, and the making less of them be riches of heathen men [and the diminishing, or making less, of them be riches of heathen men], how much more the plenty of them?

13 But I say to you [Soothly I say to you], heathen men, for as long as I am apostle of heathen men, I shall honour my ministry [I shall honour my ministry, or service],

14 if in any manner I stir my flesh for to follow, and that I make some of them safe. [if on any manner I stir my flesh to follow, and I make some of them safe.]

15 For if the loss of them is the reconciling of the world, what is the taking up [of them], but life of dead men [but life of dead]?

16 For if a little part of that that is tasted be holy, the whole gobbet is holy; and if the root is holy, also the branches.

17 What if any of the branches be broken, when thou were a wild olive tree, art grafted among them, and art made fellow of the root, and of the fatness of the olive tree, [That if any of the branches be broken, thou soothly, when thou were a wild olive tree, wert set in among them, and wert made fellow of the root, and of fatness of the olive tree,]

18 do not thou have glory against the branches [do not thou glory against the branches]. For if thou gloriest, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee.

19 Therefore thou sayest, The branches be broken, that I be grafted in [that I be inset].

20 Well, for unbelief the branches be broken; but thou standest by faith. Do not thou understand high things [Do not thou savour high thing], but dread thou,

21 for if God spared not the natural branches, [see thou] lest peradventure he spare not thee.

22 Therefore see the goodness, and the fierceness of God; yea, the fierceness into them that fell down, but the goodness of God into thee, if thou dwellest in goodness [if thou shalt dwell in goodness], else also thou shalt be cut down.

23 Yea, and they shall be set in, if they dwell not in unbelief. For God is mighty, to set them in again. [But, and they shall be inset, if they shall not dwell in unbelief. Forsooth God is mighty, again to inset them.]

24 For if thou art cut down of the natural wild olive tree, and against kind art set into a good olive tree, how much more they that be by kind, shall be set in their olive tree?[b]

25 But, brethren, I will not that ye not know this mystery, that ye be not wise to yourselves; for blindness hath fallen a part in Israel, till that the plenty of heathen men entered, [Forsooth, brethren, I will not that ye unknow this mystery, that ye be not wise to yourselves; for blindness hath felled of part in Israel, till the plenty of heathen men entered,]

26 and so all Israel should be made safe. As it is written, He shall come of Sion, that shall deliver, and turn away the wickedness of Jacob [and turn away the unpiety of Jacob].

27 And this testament to them of me, when I shall do away their sins.

28 After the gospel they be enemies for you, but they be most dear-worthy by the election [after the election] for the fathers.

29 And the gifts and the calling of God be without repenting. [Soothly the gifts and calling of God be without repenting.]

30 And as sometime also ye believed not to God, but now ye have gotten mercy for the unbelief of them;

31 so and these now believed not into your mercy [so and these now believed not to your mercy], that also they get mercy.

32 For God closed all things together in unbelief [Forsooth God closed together all things in unbelief], that he have mercy on all.

33 O! the highness of the riches of the wisdom and of the knowing of God; how incomprehensible be his dooms, and his ways be unsearchable. [O! the depth of the riches of wisdom and knowing of God; how incomprehensible be his dooms, and his ways unsearchable.]

34 For why who knew the wit of the Lord, or who was his counsellor?

35 or who former gave to him, and it shall be requited [again] to him?

36 For of him, and by him, and in him be all things. To him be glory into worlds [of worlds]. Amen.

12 Therefore, brethren, I beseech you by the mercy of God, that ye give your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, pleasing to God, and your service reasonable.

And do not ye be conformed to this world, but be ye reformed in newness of your wit, that ye prove which is the will of God, good, and well pleasing, and perfect.

For I say, by the grace that is given to me, to all that be among you, that ye understand not more than it behooveth to understand, but for to understand to soberness [to not savour, or know, more than it behooveth to know, but to know to soberness]; and to each man, as God hath parted the measure of faith.

For as in one body we have many members, but all the members have not the same deed [soothly all the members have not the same act, or deed];

so we many be one body in Christ [so we be many, one body in Christ], and each be members one of another.

Therefore we that have gifts diversing [Therefore having gifts diversing], after the grace that is given to us, either prophecy, after the reason of faith;

either service, in ministering; either he that teacheth, in teaching; [either ministry, or service, in ministering; or he that teacheth, in teaching;]

he that stirreth softly, in admonishing [he that stirreth softly, in exhortation, or admonishing]; he that giveth, in simpleness; he that is sovereign[c], in busyness; he that hath mercy, in gladness.

Love without feigning, hating evil, drawing to good [cleaving, or fast drawing, to good thing];

10 loving together the charity of brotherhood. Each come before to worship (the) other [Coming before together in honour];

11 not slow in busyness, fervent in spirit, serving to the Lord,

12 joying in hope, patient in tribulation, busy in prayer,

13 giving good to the needs of saints, keeping hospitality.

14 Bless ye men that pursue you; bless ye, and do not ye curse;

15 for to joy with men that joy, for to weep with men that weep.

16 Feel ye the same thing together; not understanding high things, but consenting to meek things[d]. Do not ye be prudent with yourselves;

17 to no man yielding evil for evil, but purvey ye good things, not only before God, but also before all men.

18 If it may be done, that that is of you, have ye peace with all men.

19 Ye most dear brethren, not defending yourselves, but give ye place to wrath [Ye most dear-worthy brethren, not defending, or venging, yourselves, but give ye place to ire, or wrath]; for it is written, The Lord saith, To me vengeance, and I shall yield [again].

20 But if thine enemy hungereth, feed thou him; if he thirsteth, give thou drink to him; for thou doing this thing shalt gather together coals on his head. [But if thine enemy shall hunger, feed him; if he thirsteth, give drink to him; forsooth doing these things thou shalt gather together coals on his head.]

21 Do not thou be overcome of evil, but overcome thou evil by good.

13 Every soul be subject to higher powers. For there is no power but of God, and those things that be of God, be ordained.

Therefore he that against-standeth power, against-standeth the ordinance of God; and they that against-stand, get to themselves damnation.

For princes be not to the dread of good work, but of evil. But wilt thou, that thou dread not power? Do thou good thing, and thou shalt have praising of it [Soothly wilt thou not dread power? Do good, and thou shalt have praising of it];

for he is the minister of God to thee into good. But if thou doest evil, dread thou [Soothly, if thou doest evil, dread]; for not without cause he beareth the sword, for he is the minister of God, venger into wrath to him that doeth evil.

And therefore by need be ye subject, not only for wrath, but also for conscience.

For therefore [and] ye give tributes, they be the ministers of God, and serve for this same thing [for this same thing serving].

Therefore yield ye to all men debts, to whom tribute, tribute, to whom toll, toll [to whom toll, or custom for things borne about, toll, or such custom], to whom dread, dread, to whom honour, honour.

To no man owe ye any thing, but that ye love together. For he that loveth his neighbour, hath fulfilled the law.

For, Thou shalt do no lechery [Thou shalt not do lechery], Thou shalt not slay, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not say false witnessing, Thou shalt not covet the thing of thy neighbour, and if there be any other commandment, it is enstored, or included [it is enstored, or enclosed], in this word, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

10 The love of thy neighbour worketh not evil; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.

11 And we know this time, that the hour is now, that we rise from sleep; for now is our health near(er), than when we believed.[e]

12 The night went before, but the day hath approached [forsooth the day hath nighed]. Therefore cast we away the works of darknesses, and be we clothed in the armours of light [and be we clothed with the armours of light].

13 As in [the] day wander we honestly, not in superfluous feasts [not in oft eatings] and drunkennesses, not in beds [not in bedchambers] and unchastities, not in strife and in envy;

14 but be ye clothed in the Lord Jesus Christ, and do ye not the busyness of flesh in desires [and do ye not the care, or busyness, of flesh in desires].

14 But take ye a frail man in belief, not in deemings of thoughts. [Forsooth take ye a sick man in belief, not in deceptions, or disputations, of thoughts.]

For another man believeth, that he may eat all things; but he that is frail [but he that is sick, or unsteadfast], eat worts.

He that eateth, despise not him that eateth not; and he that eateth not, deem not him that eateth. For God hath taken him to him(self) [For why God hath taken him].

Who art thou, that deemest another's servant? To his lord he standeth, or falleth from him. But he shall stand; for the Lord is mighty to make him perfect[f].

For why one deemeth a day betwixt [between] a day, another deemeth each day. Each man increase in his wit.

He that understandeth the day, understandeth to the Lord [He that savoureth, or understandeth, the day, understandeth to the Lord]. And he that eateth, eateth to the Lord, for he doeth thankings to God. And he that eateth not, eateth not to the Lord, and doeth thankings to God.

For no man of us liveth to himself, and no man dieth to himself.

For whether we live, we live to the Lord; and whether we die, we die to the Lord. Therefore whether we live or die, we be of the Lord [we be (the) Lord's].

For why for this thing Christ was dead, and rose again, that he be Lord both of quick and of dead men [that he be Lord and of quick and of dead].

10 But what deemest thou thy brother? or why despisest thou thy brother? for all we shall stand before the throne of Christ.

11 For it is written, I live, saith the Lord, for to me each knee shall be bowed, and each tongue shall acknowledge to God.

12 Therefore each of us [And so each of us] shall yield reason to God for himself.

13 Therefore no more deem we each other; but more deem ye this thing, that ye put not hurting, or cause of stumbling [or offence], to a brother.

14 I know and trust in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean by him, no but to him that deemeth any thing to be unclean [but to him that deemeth any thing to be unclean], to him it is unclean.

15 And if thy brother be made sorry in conscience for meat [Soothly if thy brother be made sorry, or heavy in conscience, for meat], now thou walkest not after charity. Do not thou through thy meat destroy him [Do not through thy meat lose him], for whom Christ died.

16 Therefore be not your good thing blasphemed. [Therefore be not our good thing blasphemed, or despised.]

17 For why the realm of God is not meat and drink, but rightwiseness and peace and joy in the Holy Ghost.

18 And he that in this thing serveth Christ, pleaseth God, and is approved to men [and is proved to men].

19 Therefore follow we those things that be of peace, and keep we together those things that be of edification [and keep we those things together that be of edification].

20 Do not thou for meat destroy the work of God. For all things be clean, but it is evil to the man that eateth by offending.

21 It is good to not eat flesh, and to not drink wine, neither in what thing thy brother offendeth, or is caused to stumble, or is made frail [neither in what thing thy brother offendeth, or is caused to offend, or is made sick, or unsteadfast].

22 Thou hast faith with thyself, have thou before God. Blessed is he that deemeth not himself in that thing that he approveth [Blessed is he that deemeth not, or condemneth not, himself in that thing that he proveth].

23 For he that deemeth, is condemned, if he eateth; for it is not of faith. And all thing that is not of faith, is sin.[g]

15 But we firmer men owe to sustain the feeblenesses of frail men, and not please to ourselves.[h]

Each of us please to his neighbour in good [into good], to edification.

For Christ pleased not to himself, as it is written, The reproves of men despising thee, felled on me.[i]

For whatever things be written, those be written to our teaching [they be written to our teaching], that by patience and comfort of scriptures we have hope.

But God of patience and of solace give to you to understand the same thing, each into (the) other after Jesus Christ,

that ye of one will with one mouth worship God and the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

For which thing take ye together, as also Christ took you into the honour of God.

For I say, that Jesus Christ was a minister of circumcision for the truth of God, to confirm the promises of fathers.

And heathen men owe to honour God for mercy; as it is written, Therefore, Lord, I shall acknowledge to thee among heathen men, and I shall sing to thy name.

10 And again he saith, Ye heathen men, be ye glad with his people. [And again he saith, Glad, or joy, ye heathen men with his people.]

11 And again, All heathen men, praise ye the Lord; and all peoples, magnify ye him.

12 And again Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, that shall rise up to govern heathen men [that shall rise to govern heathen men], and heathen men shall hope in him.

13 And God of hope full-fill you in all joy and peace in believing, that ye increase in hope and virtue of the Holy Ghost [that ye abound in hope and virtue of the Holy Ghost].

14 And, brethren, I myself am certain of you, that also ye be full of love, and ye be filled with all knowing, so that ye be able to admonish each other.[j]

15 And, brethren, more boldly I wrote to you a part [more hardily I wrote to you of part], as bringing you into mind, for the grace that is given to me of God,

16 that I be the minister of Christ Jesus among heathen men. And I hallow the gospel of God, that the offering of heathen men be accepted, and hallowed in the Holy Ghost [I hallowing the gospel of God, that the offering of heathen men be made acceptable, and hallowed in the Holy Ghost].

17 Therefore I have glory in Christ Jesus to God.

18 For I dare not speak any thing of those things, which Christ doeth not by me [which Christ maketh not by me], into obedience of heathen men, in word and deeds,

19 in virtue of tokens and great wonders, in virtue of the Holy Ghost, so that from Jerusalem by compass to the Illyricum sea I have filled the gospel of Christ [so that from Jerusalem by compass, or environ, till unto Illyricum I have full-filled the gospel of Christ].

20 And so I have preached this gospel, not where Christ was named, lest I build upon another's ground,

21 but as it is written, For to whom it is not told of him, they shall see, and they that heard not, shall understand.

22 For which thing I was hindered full much to come to you, and I am hindered till this time. [For which thing I was letted full much to come to you, and I am forbidden till unto yet.]

23 And now I have not further place in these countries, but I have desire to come to you, of many years that be passed. [Forsooth now I not having further place, or cause of longer dwelling, in these countries, soothly having covetousness of coming to you, of many years now going before.]

24 When I [shall] begin to pass into Spain, I hope that in my going I shall see you [I hope that I passing forth shall see you], and of you I shall be led thither, if I use you first in part.

25 Therefore now I shall pass forth to Jerusalem, to minister to saints.

26 For Macedonia and Achaia have assayed to make some gift to poor men of saints, that be in Jerusalem. [Forsooth Macedonia and Achaia proved to make some collection, or gathering of money, into poor men of saints, that be in Jerusalem.]

27 For it pleased to them [Soothly it pleased to them], and they be debtors of them; for if heathen men be made partners of their ghostly things, they owe also in fleshly things to minister to them.

28 Therefore when I have ended this thing, and have assigned to them this fruit, I shall pass by you into Spain.

29 And I know, that I coming to you, shall come in the abundance of the blessing of Christ [shall come into the abundance, or plenty, of the blessing of Christ].

30 Therefore, brethren, I beseech you by our Lord Jesus Christ, and by the charity of the Holy Ghost, that ye help me in your prayers [for me] to the Lord,

31 that I be delivered from the unfaithful men, that be in Judaea, and that the offering of my service be accepted in Jerusalem to saints;

32 that I come to you in joy, by the will of God, and that I be refreshed with you.

33 And God of peace be with you all. Amen.

16 And I commend to you Phebe, our sister, which is in the service of the church that is at Cenchrea,

that ye receive her in the Lord worthily to saints, and that ye help her in whatever cause she shall need of you. For she hath helped many men, and myself.

Greet Priscilla and Aquila, mine helpers in Christ Jesus,

which under-putted [which under-put] their necks for my life; to whom not I alone do thankings, but also all the churches of heathen men.

And greet ye well their household church [And greet ye well their home-church]. Greet well Epaenetus, loved to me, that is the first of Asia in Christ Jesus.

Greet well Mary, the which hath travailed much in us. [Greet well Mary, that hath travailed much in us.]

Greet well Andronicus and Junia, my cousins, and mine even-prisoners, which be noble among the apostles, and which were before me in Christ.

Greet well Amplias, most dear-worthy to me in the Lord.

Greet well Urbane, our helper in Christ Jesus, and Stachys, my darling [and Stachys, my loved].

10 Greet well Apelles, the noble in Christ [Greet well Apelles, noble in Christ]. Greet well them that be of Aristobulus' house.

11 Greet well Herodion, my cousin. Greet well them that be of Narcissus' house, that be in the Lord.

12 Greet well Tryphena and Tryphosa, which women travail in the Lord. Greet well Persis, most dear-worthy woman, that hath travailed much in the Lord.

13 Greet well Rufus, chosen in the Lord, and his mother, and mine.

14 Greet well Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and brethren that be with them.

15 Greet well Philologus, and Julia, and Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints that be with them.

16 Greet ye well together in holy kiss [Greet well together in holy kiss]. All the churches of Christ greet you well.

17 But, brethren, I pray you, that ye espy them that make dissensions and hurtings [that ye espy them that make dissensions and hurtings, or offences], besides the doctrine that ye have learned, and bow away from them.

18 For such men serve not to the Lord Christ, but to their womb, and by sweet words and blessings deceive the hearts of innocent men.

19 But your obedience is published into every place, therefore I have joy in you. But I will that ye be wise in good thing [But I will you to be wise in good thing], and simple in evil.

20 And God of peace tread Satan under your feet swiftly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

21 Timothy, mine helper, greeteth you well, and also Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my cousins.

22 I Tertius greet you well, that wrote this epistle, in the Lord.

23 Gaius, mine host, greeteth you well, and all the church. Erastus, treasurer of the city [Erastus, treasurer, or keeper, of the city], greeteth you well, and Quartus [the] brother.

24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.

25 And honour and glory be to him, that is mighty to confirm you by my gospel, and preaching of Jesus Christ, by the revelation of mystery held still in times everlasting; [Forsooth to him, that is mighty to confirm you by my gospel, and preaching of Jesus Christ, after the revelation of mystery holden still, that is, not showed, in times everlasting;]

26 which mystery is now made open by scriptures of prophets, by the commandment of God without beginning and ending, to the obedience of faith in all heathen men, [the which is now made open by scriptures of prophets, after the commandment of God without beginning and ending, to the obedience of faith in all heathen men,]

27 the mystery known by Jesus Christ to God alone wise [the mystery known to God alone wise, by Jesus Christ], to whom be honour and glory into worlds of worlds. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 10:7 or who shall do down into deepness, or hell? that is, to again-call Christ from dead.
  2. Romans 11:24 For if thou wert cut down of the natural wild olive tree, and against kind wert inset into a good olive tree, how much more they that be by kind, shall be inset into their olive tree?
  3. Romans 12:8 he that is prelate, or sovereign/he that is before
  4. Romans 12:16 Feeling the same thing together; not savouring, or knowing, high things, but consenting to meek things, following meek fathers
  5. Romans 13:11 And we knowing this time, that the hour is now, us to rise of sleep; soothly now our health is nearer, than when we believed.
  6. Romans 14:4 To his lord he standeth, or falleth down. Forsooth he shall stand; for the Lord is mighty to ordain him, or make steadfast
  7. Romans 14:23 Forsooth he that deemeth, is damned, if he eateth; for why? for his eating is not of faith. Forsooth all thing that is not of faith, is sin.
  8. Romans 15:1 Forsooth we firmer owe to sustain, or bear up, the feebleness of sick men, or unfirm in faith, and not to please to ourselves.
  9. Romans 15:3 For why Christ pleased not to himself, but, as it is written, The reproves, or shames, of men displeasing thee, fell on me.
  10. Romans 15:14 Soothly, brethren, and I myself am certain of you, that also ye be full of love, yea, full-filled with all science, or knowing, so that ye may admonish each other.

10 Brothers and sisters, my heart’s desire(A) and prayer to God for the Israelites is that they may be saved. For I can testify about them that they are zealous(B) for God, but their zeal is not based on knowledge. Since they did not know the righteousness of God and sought to establish their own, they did not submit to God’s righteousness.(C) Christ is the culmination of the law(D) so that there may be righteousness for everyone who believes.(E)

Moses writes this about the righteousness that is by the law: “The person who does these things will live by them.”[a](F) But the righteousness that is by faith(G) says: “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’”[b](H) (that is, to bring Christ down) “or ‘Who will descend into the deep?’”[c](I) (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).(J) But what does it say? “The word is near you; it is in your mouth and in your heart,”[d](K) that is, the message concerning faith that we proclaim: If you declare(L) with your mouth, “Jesus is Lord,”(M) and believe(N) in your heart that God raised him from the dead,(O) you will be saved.(P) 10 For it is with your heart that you believe and are justified, and it is with your mouth that you profess your faith and are saved. 11 As Scripture says, “Anyone who believes in him will never be put to shame.”[e](Q) 12 For there is no difference between Jew and Gentile(R)—the same Lord is Lord of all(S) and richly blesses all who call on him, 13 for, “Everyone who calls on the name of the Lord(T) will be saved.”[f](U)

14 How, then, can they call on the one they have not believed in? And how can they believe in the one of whom they have not heard? And how can they hear without someone preaching to them? 15 And how can anyone preach unless they are sent? As it is written: “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news!”[g](V)

16 But not all the Israelites accepted the good news.(W) For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our message?”[h](X) 17 Consequently, faith comes from hearing the message,(Y) and the message is heard through the word about Christ.(Z) 18 But I ask: Did they not hear? Of course they did:

“Their voice has gone out into all the earth,
    their words to the ends of the world.”[i](AA)

19 Again I ask: Did Israel not understand? First, Moses says,

“I will make you envious(AB) by those who are not a nation;
    I will make you angry by a nation that has no understanding.”[j](AC)

20 And Isaiah boldly says,

“I was found by those who did not seek me;
    I revealed myself to those who did not ask for me.”[k](AD)

21 But concerning Israel he says,

“All day long I have held out my hands
    to a disobedient and obstinate people.”[l](AE)

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(AF) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(AG) from the tribe of Benjamin.(AH) God did not reject his people,(AI) whom he foreknew.(AJ) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[m]?(AK) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[n](AL) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(AM) chosen by grace.(AN) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(AO) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(AP) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(AQ) as it is written:

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    eyes that could not see
    and ears that could not hear,(AR)
to this very day.”[o](AS)

And David says:

“May their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(AT)
    and their backs be bent forever.”[p](AU)

Ingrafted Branches

11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(AV) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(AW) to make Israel envious.(AX) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(AY) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!

13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles,(AZ) I take pride in my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy(BA) and save(BB) some of them. 15 For if their rejection brought reconciliation(BC) to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?(BD) 16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(BE) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(BF) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(BG) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(BH) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(BI) Do not be arrogant,(BJ) but tremble.(BK) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

22 Consider therefore the kindness(BL) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(BM) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(BN) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(BO) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(BP) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

25 I do not want you to be ignorant(BQ) of this mystery,(BR) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(BS) Israel has experienced a hardening(BT) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(BU) 26 and in this way[q] all Israel will be saved.(BV) As it is written:

“The deliverer will come from Zion;
    he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[r] my covenant with them
    when I take away their sins.”[s](BW)

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(BX) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(BY) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(BZ) are irrevocable.(CA) 30 Just as you who were at one time disobedient(CB) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[t] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. 32 For God has bound everyone over to disobedience(CC) so that he may have mercy on them all.

Doxology

33 Oh, the depth of the riches(CD) of the wisdom and[u] knowledge of God!(CE)
    How unsearchable his judgments,
    and his paths beyond tracing out!(CF)
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?
    Or who has been his counselor?”[v](CG)
35 “Who has ever given to God,
    that God should repay them?”[w](CH)
36 For from him and through him and for him are all things.(CI)
    To him be the glory forever! Amen.(CJ)

A Living Sacrifice

12 Therefore, I urge you,(CK) brothers and sisters, in view of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as a living sacrifice,(CL) holy and pleasing to God—this is your true and proper worship. Do not conform(CM) to the pattern of this world,(CN) but be transformed by the renewing of your mind.(CO) Then you will be able to test and approve what God’s will is(CP)—his good, pleasing(CQ) and perfect will.

Humble Service in the Body of Christ

For by the grace given me(CR) I say to every one of you: Do not think of yourself more highly than you ought, but rather think of yourself with sober judgment, in accordance with the faith God has distributed to each of you. For just as each of us has one body with many members, and these members do not all have the same function,(CS) so in Christ we, though many, form one body,(CT) and each member belongs to all the others. We have different gifts,(CU) according to the grace given to each of us. If your gift is prophesying,(CV) then prophesy in accordance with your[x] faith;(CW) if it is serving, then serve; if it is teaching, then teach;(CX) if it is to encourage, then give encouragement;(CY) if it is giving, then give generously;(CZ) if it is to lead,[y] do it diligently; if it is to show mercy, do it cheerfully.

Love in Action

Love must be sincere.(DA) Hate what is evil; cling to what is good.(DB) 10 Be devoted to one another in love.(DC) Honor one another above yourselves.(DD) 11 Never be lacking in zeal, but keep your spiritual fervor,(DE) serving the Lord. 12 Be joyful in hope,(DF) patient in affliction,(DG) faithful in prayer.(DH) 13 Share with the Lord’s people who are in need.(DI) Practice hospitality.(DJ)

14 Bless those who persecute you;(DK) bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice; mourn with those who mourn.(DL) 16 Live in harmony with one another.(DM) Do not be proud, but be willing to associate with people of low position.[z] Do not be conceited.(DN)

17 Do not repay anyone evil for evil.(DO) Be careful to do what is right in the eyes of everyone.(DP) 18 If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live at peace with everyone.(DQ) 19 Do not take revenge,(DR) my dear friends, but leave room for God’s wrath, for it is written: “It is mine to avenge; I will repay,”[aa](DS) says the Lord. 20 On the contrary:

“If your enemy is hungry, feed him;
    if he is thirsty, give him something to drink.
In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head.”[ab](DT)

21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Submission to Governing Authorities

13 Let everyone be subject to the governing authorities,(DU) for there is no authority except that which God has established.(DV) The authorities that exist have been established by God. Consequently, whoever rebels against the authority is rebelling against what God has instituted,(DW) and those who do so will bring judgment on themselves. For rulers hold no terror for those who do right, but for those who do wrong. Do you want to be free from fear of the one in authority? Then do what is right and you will be commended.(DX) For the one in authority is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for rulers do not bear the sword for no reason. They are God’s servants, agents of wrath to bring punishment on the wrongdoer.(DY) Therefore, it is necessary to submit to the authorities, not only because of possible punishment but also as a matter of conscience.(DZ)

This is also why you pay taxes,(EA) for the authorities are God’s servants, who give their full time to governing. Give to everyone what you owe them: If you owe taxes, pay taxes;(EB) if revenue, then revenue; if respect, then respect; if honor, then honor.

Love Fulfills the Law

Let no debt remain outstanding, except the continuing debt to love one another, for whoever loves others has fulfilled the law.(EC) The commandments, “You shall not commit adultery,” “You shall not murder,” “You shall not steal,” “You shall not covet,”[ac](ED) and whatever other command there may be, are summed up(EE) in this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.”[ad](EF) 10 Love does no harm to a neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.(EG)

The Day Is Near

11 And do this, understanding the present time: The hour has already come(EH) for you to wake up from your slumber,(EI) because our salvation is nearer now than when we first believed. 12 The night is nearly over; the day is almost here.(EJ) So let us put aside the deeds of darkness(EK) and put on the armor(EL) of light. 13 Let us behave decently, as in the daytime, not in carousing and drunkenness,(EM) not in sexual immorality and debauchery, not in dissension and jealousy.(EN) 14 Rather, clothe yourselves with the Lord Jesus Christ,(EO) and do not think about how to gratify the desires of the flesh.[ae](EP)

The Weak and the Strong

14 Accept the one whose faith is weak,(EQ) without quarreling over disputable matters. One person’s faith allows them to eat anything, but another, whose faith is weak, eats only vegetables.(ER) The one who eats everything must not treat with contempt(ES) the one who does not, and the one who does not eat everything must not judge(ET) the one who does, for God has accepted them. Who are you to judge someone else’s servant?(EU) To their own master, servants stand or fall. And they will stand, for the Lord is able to make them stand.

One person considers one day more sacred than another;(EV) another considers every day alike. Each of them should be fully convinced in their own mind. Whoever regards one day as special does so to the Lord. Whoever eats meat does so to the Lord, for they give thanks to God;(EW) and whoever abstains does so to the Lord and gives thanks to God. For none of us lives for ourselves alone,(EX) and none of us dies for ourselves alone. If we live, we live for the Lord; and if we die, we die for the Lord. So, whether we live or die, we belong to the Lord.(EY) For this very reason, Christ died and returned to life(EZ) so that he might be the Lord of both the dead and the living.(FA)

10 You, then, why do you judge your brother or sister[af]? Or why do you treat them with contempt?(FB) For we will all stand before God’s judgment seat.(FC) 11 It is written:

“‘As surely as I live,’(FD) says the Lord,
‘every knee will bow before me;
    every tongue will acknowledge God.’”[ag](FE)

12 So then, each of us will give an account of ourselves to God.(FF)

13 Therefore let us stop passing judgment(FG) on one another. Instead, make up your mind not to put any stumbling block or obstacle in the way of a brother or sister.(FH) 14 I am convinced, being fully persuaded in the Lord Jesus, that nothing is unclean in itself.(FI) But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for that person it is unclean.(FJ) 15 If your brother or sister is distressed because of what you eat, you are no longer acting in love.(FK) Do not by your eating destroy someone for whom Christ died.(FL) 16 Therefore do not let what you know is good be spoken of as evil.(FM) 17 For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking,(FN) but of righteousness, peace(FO) and joy in the Holy Spirit,(FP) 18 because anyone who serves Christ in this way is pleasing to God and receives human approval.(FQ)

19 Let us therefore make every effort to do what leads to peace(FR) and to mutual edification.(FS) 20 Do not destroy the work of God for the sake of food.(FT) All food is clean,(FU) but it is wrong for a person to eat anything that causes someone else to stumble.(FV) 21 It is better not to eat meat or drink wine or to do anything else that will cause your brother or sister to fall.(FW)

22 So whatever you believe about these things keep between yourself and God. Blessed is the one who does not condemn(FX) himself by what he approves. 23 But whoever has doubts(FY) is condemned if they eat, because their eating is not from faith; and everything that does not come from faith is sin.[ah]

15 We who are strong ought to bear with the failings of the weak(FZ) and not to please ourselves. Each of us should please our neighbors for their good,(GA) to build them up.(GB) For even Christ did not please himself(GC) but, as it is written: “The insults of those who insult you have fallen on me.”[ai](GD) For everything that was written in the past was written to teach us,(GE) so that through the endurance taught in the Scriptures and the encouragement they provide we might have hope.

May the God who gives endurance and encouragement give you the same attitude of mind(GF) toward each other that Christ Jesus had, so that with one mind and one voice you may glorify(GG) the God and Father(GH) of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Accept one another,(GI) then, just as Christ accepted you, in order to bring praise to God. For I tell you that Christ has become a servant of the Jews[aj](GJ) on behalf of God’s truth, so that the promises(GK) made to the patriarchs might be confirmed and, moreover, that the Gentiles(GL) might glorify God(GM) for his mercy. As it is written:

“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles;
    I will sing the praises of your name.”[ak](GN)

10 Again, it says,

“Rejoice, you Gentiles, with his people.”[al](GO)

11 And again,

“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles;
    let all the peoples extol him.”[am](GP)

12 And again, Isaiah says,

“The Root of Jesse(GQ) will spring up,
    one who will arise to rule over the nations;
    in him the Gentiles will hope.”[an](GR)

13 May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace(GS) as you trust in him, so that you may overflow with hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.(GT)

Paul the Minister to the Gentiles

14 I myself am convinced, my brothers and sisters, that you yourselves are full of goodness,(GU) filled with knowledge(GV) and competent to instruct one another. 15 Yet I have written you quite boldly on some points to remind you of them again, because of the grace God gave me(GW) 16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles.(GX) He gave me the priestly duty of proclaiming the gospel of God,(GY) so that the Gentiles might become an offering(GZ) acceptable to God, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.

17 Therefore I glory in Christ Jesus(HA) in my service to God.(HB) 18 I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles(HC) to obey God(HD) by what I have said and done— 19 by the power of signs and wonders,(HE) through the power of the Spirit of God.(HF) So from Jerusalem(HG) all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ.(HH) 20 It has always been my ambition to preach the gospel(HI) where Christ was not known, so that I would not be building on someone else’s foundation.(HJ) 21 Rather, as it is written:

“Those who were not told about him will see,
    and those who have not heard will understand.”[ao](HK)

22 This is why I have often been hindered from coming to you.(HL)

Paul’s Plan to Visit Rome

23 But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions, and since I have been longing for many years to visit you,(HM) 24 I plan to do so when I go to Spain.(HN) I hope to see you while passing through and to have you assist(HO) me on my journey there, after I have enjoyed your company for a while. 25 Now, however, I am on my way to Jerusalem(HP) in the service(HQ) of the Lord’s people(HR) there. 26 For Macedonia(HS) and Achaia(HT) were pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the Lord’s people in Jerusalem.(HU) 27 They were pleased to do it, and indeed they owe it to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in the Jews’ spiritual blessings, they owe it to the Jews to share with them their material blessings.(HV) 28 So after I have completed this task and have made sure that they have received this contribution, I will go to Spain(HW) and visit you on the way. 29 I know that when I come to you,(HX) I will come in the full measure of the blessing of Christ.

30 I urge you, brothers and sisters, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit,(HY) to join me in my struggle by praying to God for me.(HZ) 31 Pray that I may be kept safe(IA) from the unbelievers in Judea and that the contribution(IB) I take to Jerusalem may be favorably received by the Lord’s people(IC) there, 32 so that I may come to you(ID) with joy, by God’s will,(IE) and in your company be refreshed.(IF) 33 The God of peace(IG) be with you all. Amen.

Personal Greetings

16 I commend(IH) to you our sister Phoebe, a deacon[ap][aq] of the church in Cenchreae.(II) I ask you to receive her in the Lord(IJ) in a way worthy of his people(IK) and to give her any help she may need from you, for she has been the benefactor of many people, including me.

Greet Priscilla[ar] and Aquila,(IL) my co-workers(IM) in Christ Jesus.(IN) They risked their lives for me. Not only I but all the churches of the Gentiles are grateful to them.

Greet also the church that meets at their house.(IO)

Greet my dear friend Epenetus, who was the first convert(IP) to Christ in the province of Asia.(IQ)

Greet Mary, who worked very hard for you.

Greet Andronicus and Junia, my fellow Jews(IR) who have been in prison with me.(IS) They are outstanding among[as] the apostles, and they were in Christ(IT) before I was.

Greet Ampliatus, my dear friend in the Lord.

Greet Urbanus, our co-worker in Christ,(IU) and my dear friend Stachys.

10 Greet Apelles, whose fidelity to Christ has stood the test.(IV)

Greet those who belong to the household(IW) of Aristobulus.

11 Greet Herodion, my fellow Jew.(IX)

Greet those in the household(IY) of Narcissus who are in the Lord.

12 Greet Tryphena and Tryphosa, those women who work hard in the Lord.

Greet my dear friend Persis, another woman who has worked very hard in the Lord.

13 Greet Rufus,(IZ) chosen(JA) in the Lord, and his mother, who has been a mother to me, too.

14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas and the other brothers and sisters with them.

15 Greet Philologus, Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas and all the Lord’s people(JB) who are with them.(JC)

16 Greet one another with a holy kiss.(JD)

All the churches of Christ send greetings.

17 I urge you, brothers and sisters, to watch out for those who cause divisions and put obstacles in your way that are contrary to the teaching you have learned.(JE) Keep away from them.(JF) 18 For such people are not serving our Lord Christ,(JG) but their own appetites.(JH) By smooth talk and flattery they deceive(JI) the minds of naive people. 19 Everyone has heard(JJ) about your obedience, so I rejoice because of you; but I want you to be wise about what is good, and innocent about what is evil.(JK)

20 The God of peace(JL) will soon crush(JM) Satan(JN) under your feet.

The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.(JO)

21 Timothy,(JP) my co-worker, sends his greetings to you, as do Lucius,(JQ) Jason(JR) and Sosipater, my fellow Jews.(JS)

22 I, Tertius, who wrote down this letter, greet you in the Lord.

23 Gaius,(JT) whose hospitality I and the whole church here enjoy, sends you his greetings.

Erastus,(JU) who is the city’s director of public works, and our brother Quartus send you their greetings. [24] [at]

25 Now to him who is able(JV) to establish you in accordance with my gospel,(JW) the message I proclaim about Jesus Christ, in keeping with the revelation of the mystery(JX) hidden for long ages past, 26 but now revealed and made known through the prophetic writings(JY) by the command of the eternal God, so that all the Gentiles might come to the obedience that comes from[au] faith(JZ) 27 to the only wise God be glory forever through Jesus Christ! Amen.(KA)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 10:5 Lev. 18:5
  2. Romans 10:6 Deut. 30:12
  3. Romans 10:7 Deut. 30:13
  4. Romans 10:8 Deut. 30:14
  5. Romans 10:11 Isaiah 28:16 (see Septuagint)
  6. Romans 10:13 Joel 2:32
  7. Romans 10:15 Isaiah 52:7
  8. Romans 10:16 Isaiah 53:1
  9. Romans 10:18 Psalm 19:4
  10. Romans 10:19 Deut. 32:21
  11. Romans 10:20 Isaiah 65:1
  12. Romans 10:21 Isaiah 65:2
  13. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  14. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
  15. Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
  16. Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23
  17. Romans 11:26 Or and so
  18. Romans 11:27 Or will be
  19. Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34
  20. Romans 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
  21. Romans 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
  22. Romans 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
  23. Romans 11:35 Job 41:11
  24. Romans 12:6 Or the
  25. Romans 12:8 Or to provide for others
  26. Romans 12:16 Or willing to do menial work
  27. Romans 12:19 Deut. 32:35
  28. Romans 12:20 Prov. 25:21,22
  29. Romans 13:9 Exodus 20:13-15,17; Deut. 5:17-19,21
  30. Romans 13:9 Lev. 19:18
  31. Romans 13:14 In contexts like this, the Greek word for flesh (sarx) refers to the sinful state of human beings, often presented as a power in opposition to the Spirit.
  32. Romans 14:10 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family; also in verses 13, 15 and 21.
  33. Romans 14:11 Isaiah 45:23
  34. Romans 14:23 Some manuscripts place 16:25-27 here; others after 15:33.
  35. Romans 15:3 Psalm 69:9
  36. Romans 15:8 Greek circumcision
  37. Romans 15:9 2 Samuel 22:50; Psalm 18:49
  38. Romans 15:10 Deut. 32:43
  39. Romans 15:11 Psalm 117:1
  40. Romans 15:12 Isaiah 11:10 (see Septuagint)
  41. Romans 15:21 Isaiah 52:15 (see Septuagint)
  42. Romans 16:1 Or servant
  43. Romans 16:1 The word deacon refers here to a Christian designated to serve with the overseers/elders of the church in a variety of ways; similarly in Phil. 1:1 and 1 Tim. 3:8,12.
  44. Romans 16:3 Greek Prisca, a variant of Priscilla
  45. Romans 16:7 Or are esteemed by
  46. Romans 16:24 Some manuscripts include here May the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with all of you. Amen.
  47. Romans 16:26 Or that is