El remanente de Israel

11 Por lo tanto, pregunto: ¿Acaso rechazó Dios a su pueblo? ¡De ninguna manera! Yo mismo soy israelita, descendiente de Abraham, de la tribu de Benjamín. Dios no rechazó a su pueblo, al que de antemano conoció. ¿No saben lo que relata la Escritura en cuanto a Elías? Acusó a Israel delante de Dios: «Señor, han matado a tus profetas y han derribado tus altares. Yo soy el único que ha quedado con vida, ¡y ahora quieren matarme a mí también!».[a] ¿Y qué le contestó la voz divina? «He apartado para mí siete mil hombres que no se han arrodillado ante Baal».[b] Así también hay en la actualidad un remanente escogido por gracia. Y si es por gracia, ya no es por obras; porque en tal caso la gracia ya no sería gracia.[c]

¿Qué concluiremos? Pues que Israel no consiguió lo que tanto deseaba, pero sí lo consiguieron los elegidos. Los demás fueron endurecidos, como está escrito:

«Dios les dio un espíritu insensible,
    ojos con los que no pueden ver
    y oídos con los que no pueden oír,
hasta el día de hoy».[d]

Y David dice:

«Que sus banquetes se les conviertan en red y en trampa,
    en tropezadero y en castigo.
10 Que se les nublen los ojos para que no vean
    y se encorven sus espaldas para siempre».[e]

Ramas injertadas

11 Ahora pregunto: ¿Acaso tropezaron para no volver a levantarse? ¡De ninguna manera! Más bien, gracias a su desobediencia ha venido la salvación a los no judíos, para que Israel sienta celos. 12 Pero si su desobediencia ha enriquecido al mundo, es decir, si su fracaso ha enriquecido a los no judíos, ¡cuánto mayor será la riqueza que su plena restauración producirá!

13 Me dirijo ahora a ustedes, los no judíos. Como apóstol que soy de ustedes, le hago honor a mi ministerio, 14 pues quisiera ver si de algún modo despierto los celos de mi propio pueblo, para así salvar a algunos de ellos. 15 Pues, si el haberlos rechazado dio como resultado la reconciliación entre Dios y el mundo, ¿no será su restitución como volver de la muerte a la vida? 16 Si se consagra la parte de la masa que se ofrece como primicias, también se consagra toda la masa; si la raíz es santa, también lo son las ramas.

17 Ahora bien, es verdad que algunas de las ramas han sido desgajadas y que tú, siendo de olivo silvestre, has sido injertado entre las otras ramas. Ahora participas de la savia nutritiva de la raíz del olivo. 18 Sin embargo, no te vayas a creer mejor que las ramas originales. Y si te jactas de ello, ten en cuenta que no eres tú quien nutre a la raíz, sino que es la raíz la que te nutre a ti. 19 Tal vez dirás: «Desgajaron unas ramas para que yo fuera injertado». 20 De acuerdo. Pero ellas fueron desgajadas por su falta de fe y tú por la fe te mantienes firme. Así que no seas arrogante, sino temeroso; 21 porque, si Dios no tuvo miramientos con las ramas originales, tampoco los tendrá contigo.

22 Por tanto, considera la bondad y la severidad de Dios: severidad hacia los que cayeron y bondad hacia ti. Pero si no te mantienes en su bondad, tú también serás desgajado. 23 Y si ellos dejan de ser incrédulos, serán injertados, porque Dios tiene poder para injertarlos de nuevo. 24 Después de todo, si tú fuiste cortado de un olivo silvestre, al que por naturaleza pertenecías, y contra tu condición natural fuiste injertado en un olivo cultivado, ¡con cuánta mayor facilidad las ramas naturales de ese olivo serán injertadas de nuevo en él!

Todo Israel será salvo

25 Hermanos, quiero que entiendan este misterio para que no se vuelvan presuntuosos. Parte de Israel se ha endurecido y así permanecerá hasta que haya entrado la totalidad de los no judíos. 26 De esta manera, todo Israel será salvo tal como está escrito:

«El Redentor vendrá de Sión
    y apartará de Jacob la impiedad.
27 Y este es mi pacto con ellos
    cuando quite sus pecados».[f]

28 Con respecto al evangelio, los israelitas son enemigos de Dios para bien de ustedes; pero si tomamos en cuenta la elección, son amados de Dios por causa de los patriarcas, 29 porque los regalos de Dios son irrevocables, como lo es también su llamamiento. 30 De hecho, en otro tiempo ustedes fueron desobedientes a Dios; pero ahora, por la desobediencia de los israelitas, han sido objeto de su misericordia. 31 Así mismo, estos que han desobedecido recibirán misericordia ahora, como resultado de la misericordia de Dios hacia ustedes. 32 En fin, Dios ha sujetado a todos a la desobediencia, con el fin de tener misericordia de todos.

Doxología

33 ¡Qué profundo es el conocimiento,
    la riqueza y la sabiduría de Dios!
¡Qué indescifrables sus juicios
    e impenetrables sus caminos!
34 «¿Quién ha conocido la mente del Señor
    o quién ha sido su consejero?».[g]
35 «¿Quién primero dio algo a Dios,
    para que luego Dios le pague?».[h]
36 Porque todas las cosas proceden de él,
    y existen por él y para él.
¡A él sea la gloria por siempre! Amén.

Footnotes

  1. 11:3 1R 19:10,14.
  2. 11:4 1R 19:18.
  3. 11:6 no sería gracia. Var. no sería gracia. Pero si es por obras, ya no es gracia; porque en tal caso la obra ya no sería obra.
  4. 11:8 Dt 29:4; Is 29:10.
  5. 11:10 Sal 69:22,23.
  6. 11:27 Is 59:20,21; 27:9; Jer 31:33,34.
  7. 11:34 Is 40:13.
  8. 11:35 Job 41:11.

God Shows Mercy to All People

11 So I ask: Did God throw out his people? No! I myself am an Israelite from the family of Abraham, from the tribe of Benjamin. God chose the Israelites to be his people before they were born, and he has not thrown his people out. Surely you know what the Scripture says about Elijah, how he prayed to God against the people of Israel. “Lord,” he said, “they have killed your prophets, and they have destroyed your altars. I am the only prophet left, and now they are trying to kill me, too.”[a] But what answer did God give Elijah? He said, “But I have left seven thousand people in Israel who have never bowed down before Baal.”[b] It is the same now. There are a few people that God has chosen by his grace. And if he chose them by grace, it is not for the things they have done. If they could be made God’s people by what they did, God’s gift of grace would not really be a gift.

So this is what has happened: Although the Israelites tried to be right with God, they did not succeed, but the ones God chose did become right with him. The others were made stubborn and refused to listen to God. As it is written in the Scriptures:

“God gave the people a dull mind so they could not understand.” Isaiah 29:10
“He closed their eyes so they could not see
    and their ears so they could not hear.
This continues until today.” Deuteronomy 29:4

And David says:

“Let their own feasts trap them and cause their ruin;
    let their feasts cause them to stumble and be paid back.
10 Let their eyes be closed so they cannot see
    and their backs be forever weak from troubles.” Psalm 69:22–23

11 So I ask: When the Jews fell, did that fall destroy them? No! But their failure brought salvation to those who are not Jews, in order to make the Jews jealous. 12 The Jews’ failure brought rich blessings for the world, and the Jews’ loss brought rich blessings for the non-Jewish people. So surely the world will receive much richer blessings when enough Jews become the kind of people God wants.

13 Now I am speaking to you who are not Jews. I am an apostle to those who are not Jews, and since I have that work, I will make the most of it. 14 I hope I can make my own people jealous and, in that way, help some of them to be saved. 15 When God turned away from the Jews, he became friends with other people in the world. So when God accepts the Jews, surely that will bring them life after death.

16 If the first piece of bread is offered to God, then the whole loaf is made holy. If the roots of a tree are holy, then the tree’s branches are holy too.

17 It is as if some of the branches from an olive tree have been broken off. You non-Jewish people are like the branch of a wild olive tree that has been joined to that first tree. You now share the strength and life of the first tree, the Jews. 18 So do not brag about those branches that were broken off. If you brag, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you. 19 You will say, “Branches were broken off so that I could be joined to their tree.” 20 That is true. But those branches were broken off because they did not believe, and you continue to be part of the tree only because you believe. Do not be proud, but be afraid. 21 If God did not let the natural branches of that tree stay, then he will not let you stay if you don’t believe.

22 So you see that God is kind and also very strict. He punishes those who stop following him. But God is kind to you, if you continue following in his kindness. If you do not, you will be cut off from the tree. 23 And if the Jews will believe in God again, he will accept them back. God is able to put them back where they were. 24 It is not natural for a wild branch to be part of a good tree. And you who are not Jews are like a branch cut from a wild olive tree and joined to a good olive tree. But since those Jews are like a branch that grew from the good tree, surely they can be joined to their own tree again.

25 I want you to understand this secret, brothers and sisters, so you will understand that you do not know everything: Part of Israel has been made stubborn, but that will change when many who are not Jews have come to God. 26 And that is how all Israel will be saved. It is written in the Scriptures:

“The Savior will come from Jerusalem;
    he will take away all evil from the family of Jacob.[c]
27 And I will make this agreement with those people
    when I take away their sins.” Isaiah 59:20–21; 27:9

28 The Jews refuse to accept the Good News, so they are God’s enemies. This has happened to help you who are not Jews. But the Jews are still God’s chosen people, and he loves them very much because of the promises he made to their ancestors. 29 God never changes his mind about the people he calls and the things he gives them. 30 At one time you refused to obey God. But now you have received mercy, because those people refused to obey. 31 And now the Jews refuse to obey, because God showed mercy to you. But this happened so that they also can[d] receive mercy from him. 32 God has given all people over to their stubborn ways so that he can show mercy to all.

Praise to God

33 Yes, God’s riches are very great, and his wisdom and knowledge have no end! No one can explain the things God decides or understand his ways. 34 As the Scripture says,

“Who has known the mind of the Lord,
    or who has been able to give him advice?” Isaiah 40:13
35 “No one has ever given God anything
    that he must pay back.” Job 41:11

36 Yes, God made all things, and everything continues through him and for him. To him be the glory forever! Amen.

Footnotes

  1. 11:3 “they . . . too” Quotation from 1 Kings 19:10, 14.
  2. 11:4 “But . . . Baal.” Quotation from 1 Kings 19:18.
  3. 11:26 Jacob Father of the twelve family groups of Israel, the people God chose to be his people.
  4. 11:31 can Some Greek copies read “can now.”