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They are the people of Israel, chosen to be God’s adopted children.[a] God revealed his glory to them. He made covenants with them and gave them his law. He gave them the privilege of worshiping him and receiving his wonderful promises.

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Footnotes

  1. 9:4 Greek chosen for sonship.

the people of Israel.(A) Theirs is the adoption to sonship;(B) theirs the divine glory,(C) the covenants,(D) the receiving of the law,(E) the temple worship(F) and the promises.(G)

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12 In those days you were living apart from Christ. You were excluded from citizenship among the people of Israel, and you did not know the covenant promises God had made to them. You lived in this world without God and without hope.

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12 remember that at that time you were separate from Christ, excluded from citizenship in Israel and foreigners(A) to the covenants of the promise,(B) without hope(C) and without God in the world.

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19 He has revealed his words to Jacob,
    his decrees and regulations to Israel.

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19 He has revealed his word(A) to Jacob,(B)
    his laws and decrees(C) to Israel.

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Well then, has God failed to fulfill his promise to Israel? No, for not all who are born into the nation of Israel are truly members of God’s people!

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God’s Sovereign Choice

It is not as though God’s word(A) had failed. For not all who are descended from Israel are Israel.(B)

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I will make a covenant with you, by which I will guarantee to give you countless descendants.”

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Then I will make my covenant between me and you(A) and will greatly increase your numbers.”(B)

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39 This promise is to you, to your children, and to those far away[a]—all who have been called by the Lord our God.”

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Footnotes

  1. 2:39 Or and to people far in the future, or and to the Gentiles.

39 The promise is for you and your children(A) and for all who are far off(B)—for all whom the Lord our God will call.”

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For you are a holy people, who belong to the Lord your God. Of all the people on earth, the Lord your God has chosen you to be his own special treasure.

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For you are a people holy(A) to the Lord your God.(B) The Lord your God has chosen(C) you out of all the peoples on the face of the earth to be his people, his treasured possession.(D)

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22 Then you will tell him, ‘This is what the Lord says: Israel is my firstborn son.

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22 Then say to Pharaoh, ‘This is what the Lord says: Israel is my firstborn son,(A)

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Old Rules about Worship

That first covenant between God and Israel had regulations for worship and a place of worship here on earth.

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Worship in the Earthly Tabernacle

Now the first covenant had regulations for worship and also an earthly sanctuary.(A)

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The Lord said, “I have made a covenant with David, my chosen servant.
    I have sworn this oath to him:

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You said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one,
    I have sworn to David my servant,

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11 The priests could not continue their service because of the cloud, for the glorious presence of the Lord filled the Temple of the Lord.

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11 And the priests could not perform their service(A) because of the cloud, for the glory(B) of the Lord filled his temple.

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God’s Promises Bring Hope

13 For example, there was God’s promise to Abraham. Since there was no one greater to swear by, God took an oath in his own name, saying:

14 “I will certainly bless you,
    and I will multiply your descendants beyond number.”[a]

15 Then Abraham waited patiently, and he received what God had promised.

16 Now when people take an oath, they call on someone greater than themselves to hold them to it. And without any question that oath is binding. 17 God also bound himself with an oath, so that those who received the promise could be perfectly sure that he would never change his mind.

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Footnotes

  1. 6:14 Gen 22:17.

The Certainty of God’s Promise

13 When God made his promise to Abraham, since there was no one greater for him to swear by, he swore by himself,(A) 14 saying, “I will surely bless you and give you many descendants.”[a](B) 15 And so after waiting patiently, Abraham received what was promised.(C)

16 People swear by someone greater than themselves, and the oath confirms what is said and puts an end to all argument.(D) 17 Because God wanted to make the unchanging(E) nature of his purpose very clear to the heirs of what was promised,(F) he confirmed it with an oath.

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Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 6:14 Gen. 22:17

15 So you have not received a spirit that makes you fearful slaves. Instead, you received God’s Spirit when he adopted you as his own children.[a] Now we call him, “Abba, Father.”[b]

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Footnotes

  1. 8:15a Greek you received a spirit of sonship.
  2. 8:15b Abba is an Aramaic term for “father.”

15 The Spirit(A) you received does not make you slaves, so that you live in fear again;(B) rather, the Spirit you received brought about your adoption to sonship.[a] And by him we cry, “Abba,[b] Father.”(C)

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 8:15 The Greek word for adoption to sonship is a term referring to the full legal standing of an adopted male heir in Roman culture; also in verse 23.
  2. Romans 8:15 Aramaic for father