Psalm 31
New English Translation
Psalm 31[a]
For the music director, a psalm of David.
31 In you, O Lord, I have taken shelter.
Never let me be humiliated.
Vindicate me by rescuing me.[b]
2 Listen to me.[c]
Quickly deliver me.
Be my protector and refuge,[d]
a stronghold where I can be safe.[e]
3 For you are my high ridge[f] and my stronghold;
for the sake of your own reputation[g] you lead me and guide me.[h]
4 You will free me[i] from the net they hid for me,
for you are my place of refuge.
5 Into your hand I entrust my life;[j]
you will rescue[k] me, O Lord, the faithful God.
6 I hate those who serve worthless idols,[l]
but I trust in the Lord.
7 I will be happy and rejoice in your faithfulness,
because you notice my pain
and you are aware of how distressed I am.[m]
8 You do not deliver me over to the power of the enemy;
you enable me to stand[n] in a wide open place.
9 Have mercy on me, Lord, for I am in distress!
My eyes grow dim[o] from suffering.[p]
I have lost my strength.[q]
10 For my life nears its end in pain;
my years draw to a close as I groan.[r]
My strength fails me because of[s] my sin,
and my bones become brittle.[t]
11 Because of all my enemies, people disdain me;[u]
my neighbors are appalled by my suffering[v]—
those who know me are horrified by my condition;[w]
those who see me in the street run away from me.
12 I am forgotten, like a dead man no one thinks about;[x]
I am regarded as worthless, like a broken jar.[y]
13 For I hear what so many are saying,[z]
the terrifying news that comes from every direction.[aa]
When they plot together against me,
they figure out how they can take my life.
14 But I trust in you, O Lord!
I declare, “You are my God!”
15 You determine my destiny.[ab]
Rescue me from the power of my enemies and those who chase me.
16 Smile[ac] on your servant.
Deliver me because of your faithfulness.
17 O Lord, do not let me be humiliated,
for I call out to you.
May evil men be humiliated.
May they go wailing to the grave.[ad]
18 May lying lips be silenced—
lips[ae] that speak defiantly against the innocent[af]
with arrogance and contempt.
19 How great is your favor,[ag]
which you store up for your loyal followers.[ah]
In plain sight of everyone you bestow it on those who take shelter[ai] in you.[aj]
20 You hide them with you, where they are safe from the attacks[ak] of men;[al]
you conceal them in a shelter, where they are safe from slanderous attacks.[am]
21 The Lord deserves praise[an]
for he demonstrated his amazing faithfulness to me when I was besieged by enemies.[ao]
22 I jumped to conclusions and said,[ap]
“I am cut off from your presence!”[aq]
But you heard my plea for mercy when I cried out to you for help.
23 Love the Lord, all you faithful followers[ar] of his!
The Lord protects those who have integrity,
but he pays back in full the one who acts arrogantly.[as]
24 Be strong and confident,[at]
all you who wait on the Lord.
Footnotes
- Psalm 31:1 sn Psalm 31. The psalmist confidently asks the Lord to protect him. Enemies threaten him and even his friends have abandoned him, but he looks to the Lord for vindication. In vv. 19-24, which were apparently written after the Lord answered the prayer of vv. 1-18, the psalmist thanks the Lord for delivering him.
- Psalm 31:1 tn Heb “in your vindication rescue me.”
- Psalm 31:2 tn Heb “turn toward me your ear.”
- Psalm 31:2 tn Heb “become for me a rocky summit of refuge.”
- Psalm 31:2 tn Heb “a house of strongholds to deliver me.”
- Psalm 31:3 sn The metaphor of the high ridge pictures God as a rocky, relatively inaccessible summit, where one would be able to find protection from enemies. See 1 Sam 23:25, 28.
- Psalm 31:3 tn Heb “name.” The Hebrew term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) refers here to the Lord’s reputation. (The English term “name” is often used the same way.)
- Psalm 31:3 tn The present translation assumes that the imperfect verbal forms are generalizing, “you lead me and guide me.” Other options are to take them as an expression of confidence about the future, “you will lead me and guide me” (cf. NASB), or as expressing a prayer, “lead me and guide me” (cf. NEB, NIV, NRSV).
- Psalm 31:4 tn Heb “bring me out.” The translation assumes that the imperfect verbal form expresses the psalmist’s confidence about the future. Another option is to take the form as expressing a prayer, “free me.”
- Psalm 31:5 tn Heb “my spirit.” The noun רוּחַ (ruakh, “spirit”) here refers to the animating spirit that gives the psalmist life.
- Psalm 31:5 tn Or “redeem.” The perfect verbal form is understood here as anticipatory, indicating rhetorically the psalmist’s certitude and confidence that God will intervene. The psalmist is so confident of God’s positive response to his prayer that he can describe his deliverance as if it had already happened. Another option is to take the perfect as precative, expressing a wish or request (“rescue me”; cf. NIV). See IBHS 494-95 §30.5.4c, d. However, not all grammarians are convinced that the perfect is used as a precative in biblical Hebrew.
- Psalm 31:6 tn Heb “the ones who observe vain things of falsehood.” See Jonah 2:9.
- Psalm 31:7 tn Heb “you know the distresses of my life.”
- Psalm 31:8 tn Heb “you cause my feet to stand.”
- Psalm 31:9 tn Or perhaps, “are swollen.”
- Psalm 31:9 tn Cf. Ps 6:7, which has a similar line.
- Psalm 31:9 tn Heb “my breath and my stomach [grow weak].” Apparently the verb in the previous line (“grow dim, be weakened”) is to be understood here. The Hebrew term נפשׁ can mean “life,” or, more specifically, “throat, breath.” The psalmist seems to be lamenting that his breathing is impaired because of the physical and emotional suffering he is forced to endure.
- Psalm 31:10 tn Heb “and my years in groaning.”
- Psalm 31:10 tn Heb “stumbles in.”
- Psalm 31:10 tn Heb “grow weak.”
- Psalm 31:11 tn Heb “because of all my enemies I am a reproach.”
- Psalm 31:11 tc Heb “and to my neighbors, exceedingly.” If the MT is retained, then these words probably go with what precedes. However the syntactical awkwardness of the text suggests a revision may be needed. P. C. Craigie (Psalms 1-50 [WBC], 258) suggests that the initial mem (מ) on מְאֹד (meʾod, “exceedingly”) be understood as an enclitic mem (ם) which was originally suffixed to the preceding form and then later misinterpreted. The resulting form אֵד (ʾed) can then be taken as a defectively written form of אֵיד (ʾed, “calamity”). If one follows this emendation, then the text reads literally, “and to my neighbors [I am one who experiences] calamity.” The noun פַחַד (fakhad, “[object of] horror”) occurs in the next line; אֵיד and פַחַד appear in parallelism elsewhere (see Prov 1:26-27).
- Psalm 31:11 tn Heb “and [an object of ] horror to those known by me.”
- Psalm 31:12 tn Heb “I am forgotten, like a dead man, from [the] heart.” The “heart” is here viewed as the center of one’s thoughts.
- Psalm 31:12 tn Heb “I am like a broken jar.” One throws away a broken jar without a second thought because it is considered worthless and useless.
- Psalm 31:13 tn Heb “the report of many.”
- Psalm 31:13 tn Heb “the terror from all around.”
- Psalm 31:15 tn Heb “in your hand [are] my times.”
- Psalm 31:16 tn Heb “cause your face to shine.”
- Psalm 31:17 tn The verb יִדְּמוּ (yiddemu) is understood as a form of דָּמַם (damam, “wail, lament”). Another option is to take the verb from דָּמַם (“be quiet”; see BDB 198-99 s.v. I דָּמַם), in which case one might translate, “May they lie silent in the grave.”
- Psalm 31:18 tn Heb “the [ones which].”
- Psalm 31:18 tn Or “godly.”
- Psalm 31:19 tn Or “How abundant are your blessings!”
- Psalm 31:19 tn Heb “for those who fear you.”
- Psalm 31:19 tn “Taking shelter” in the Lord is an idiom for seeking his protection. Seeking his protection presupposes and even demonstrates the subject’s loyalty to the Lord. In the psalms those who “take shelter” in the Lord are contrasted with the wicked and equated with those who love, fear, and serve the Lord (Pss 2:12; 5:11-12; 34:21-22).
- Psalm 31:19 tn Heb “you work [your favor] for the ones seeking shelter in you before the sons of men.”
- Psalm 31:20 tn The noun רֹכֶס (rokhes) occurs only here. Its meaning is debated; some suggest “snare,” while others propose “slander” or “conspiracy.”
- Psalm 31:20 tn Heb “you hide them in the hiding place of your face from the attacks of man.” The imperfect verbal forms in this verse draw attention to God’s typical treatment of the faithful.
- Psalm 31:20 tn Heb “you conceal them in a shelter from the strife of tongues.”
- Psalm 31:21 tn Heb “blessed [be] the Lord.”
- Psalm 31:21 tn Heb “for he caused his faithfulness to be amazing to me in a besieged city.” The psalmist probably speaks figuratively here. He compares his crisis to being trapped in a besieged city, but the Lord answered his prayer for help. Verses 19-24 were apparently written after the Lord answered the prayer of vv. 1-18.
- Psalm 31:22 tn Heb “and I, I said in my haste.”
- Psalm 31:22 tn Heb “from before your eyes.”
- Psalm 31:23 tn A “faithful follower” (חָסִיד, khasid) is one who does what is right in God’s eyes and remains faithful to God (see Pss 4:3; 12:1; 16:10; 31:23; 37:28; 86:2; 97:10).
- Psalm 31:23 tn The participial forms in the second and third lines characterize the Lord as one who typically protects the faithful and judges the proud.
- Psalm 31:24 tn Heb “be strong and let your heart[s] be confident.”
Psalm 31
New Catholic Bible
Psalm 31[a]
Prayer of Trust and Thanksgiving
1 For the director.[b] A psalm of David.
2 [c]In you, O Lord, I have taken refuge;
let me never be put to shame;
in your righteousness deliver me.
3 Turn your ear to me,
and act quickly to save me.
Be to me a rock[d] of refuge,
a strong fortress to save me.
4 You are truly my rock and my fortress;
for the sake of your name,[e] lead and guide me.
5 Deliver me from the snare that has been set for me,
for you are my refuge.
6 Into your hands I commend my spirit;[f]
you will redeem me, O Lord, God of truth.
7 You hate those who cling to false idols,
but I put my trust in the Lord.
8 I will rejoice and exult in your kindness[g]
because you have witnessed my affliction
and have taken note of my anguish.
9 You have not abandoned me into the power of the enemy;
rather, you have set my feet in the open.
10 [h]Have mercy on me, O Lord,
for I am in trouble.
My weeping is laying waste to my eyes
as well as my soul[i] and my body.
11 My life is consumed with sorrow
and my years with sighing.
My strength ebbs because of my misery,
and my bones are wasting away.
12 I am an object of scorn
to all my enemies,
a loathsome sight to my neighbors,
and an object of dread to my friends.
When people catch sight of me outside,
they quickly turn away.
13 I have passed out of their minds
like someone who has died;
I have become like a broken vessel.[j]
14 I have heard the hissing of many:
“There is terror on every side,”[k]
as they conspire together against me
and plot to end my life.
15 But I place my trust in you, O Lord.
I say, “You are my God.”
16 My life is in your hands;[l]
deliver me from the power of my enemies,
from the clutches of those who pursue me.
17 Let your face shine[m] upon your servant;
save me in your kindness.
18 [n]Do not let me be put to shame, O Lord,
for I have cried out to you.
Let the wicked be put to shame
and lie silent in the netherworld.
19 Let their lying lips be struck dumb,
lips that speak insolently against the righteous
with pride and contempt.
20 [o]How great is your goodness, O Lord,
which you have stored up[p] for those who fear you
and which you bestow on those who take refuge in you,
in the presence of all the people.
21 You hide them in the safety of your presence
from those who conspire against them;
you keep them safe in your shelter,
far away from contentious tongues.
22 Blessed[q] be the Lord,
for he has manifested his wondrous kindness to me
when I was under siege.
23 I had cried out in terror,
“I have been cut off from your sight.”
But you heard my plea
when I cried out to you for assistance.
24 Love the Lord, all his saints.[r]
The Lord protects his loyal servants,
but the arrogant he repays beyond measure.
25 Be strong and courageous in your hearts,
all you who place your hope in the Lord.
Footnotes
- Psalm 31:1 Faith, distress, and gratitude alternate in this prayer, evoking the “confessions” of the prophet Jeremiah, his dolorous destiny, and his intimacy with the Lord (Jer 17:14-18; 20:7-18). At the moment of death on the cross, Jesus will use this psalm to express his trusting abandonment to the Father (see Lk 23:46).
We should be mindful that God will often place us in a situation in which we can unite our voice to that of Christ in reciting this psalm, especially by letting us share his sufferings and making us become like him in death so that we may rise with him from the dead (see Phil 3:10f). - Psalm 31:1 For the director: these words are thought to be a musical or liturgical notation.
- Psalm 31:2 No matter what may be the conflict in which we are enmeshed, God remains the one certitude. The images of the rock and the fortress attest to a serene and unshakable trust in God.
- Psalm 31:3 Rock: see note on Ps 18:3.
- Psalm 31:4 Name: see note on Ps 5:12.
- Psalm 31:6 Into your hands I commend my spirit: last words of Christ on the cross (see Lk 23:46) and St. Stephen (see Acts 7:59). Spirit: life itself.
- Psalm 31:8 Kindness: see note on Ps 6:5.
- Psalm 31:10 The prayer changes tone; after serenity comes a gasping cry. The stricken person is also one who is despised and rejected, an object of utter contempt by others. This is the despairing cry at times when we seem completely alone.
- Psalm 31:10 Soul: see note on Ps 6:4.
- Psalm 31:13 Like a broken vessel: a customary comparison for something that has been rendered useless (see Isa 30:14; Jer 19:11; 22:28).
- Psalm 31:14 There is terror on every side: a cry used when danger lurks (see Jer 6:25; 20:10; 46:5; 49:29).
- Psalm 31:16 My life is in your hands: God is the ultimate master of every moment of everyone’s life.
- Psalm 31:17 Face shine: see note on Ps 13:2.
- Psalm 31:18 See notes on Pss 5:11; 35.
- Psalm 31:20 A moment arrives when the believer experiences anew the power of God’s presence. This holds good despite the mockery and false accusations of enemies, that is, the war of words that constitutes one of the greatest trials of our human relationships. Certain of God, the believer does not let himself become enmeshed in conflicts.
- Psalm 31:20 Stored up: the psalmist relies on the Lord who has stored up his goodness (his covenant promises) for his faithful ones.
- Psalm 31:22 Blessed: see note on Ps 18:47. Kindness: see note on Ps 4:8.
- Psalm 31:24 Saints: see notes on Pss 4:4; 16:3; and 34:10. The arrogant: often equal to the wicked, for the arrogant act as if they have no need of God and are a law to themselves (see Pss 10:2-11; 73:6; 94:2-7; Deut 8:14; Isa 2:17; Ezek 28:2, 5; Hos 13:6).
Psalm 31
New King James Version
The Lord a Fortress in Adversity
To the Chief Musician. A Psalm of David.
31 In (A)You, O Lord, I [a]put my trust;
Let me never be ashamed;
Deliver me in Your righteousness.
2 (B)Bow down Your ear to me,
Deliver me speedily;
Be my rock of [b]refuge,
A [c]fortress of defense to save me.
3 (C)For You are my rock and my fortress;
Therefore, (D)for Your name’s sake,
Lead me and guide me.
4 Pull me out of the net which they have secretly laid for me,
For You are my strength.
5 (E)Into Your hand I commit my spirit;
You have redeemed me, O Lord God of (F)truth.
6 I have hated those (G)who regard useless idols;
But I trust in the Lord.
7 I will be glad and rejoice in Your mercy,
For You have considered my trouble;
You have (H)known my soul in [d]adversities,
8 And have not (I)shut[e] me up into the hand of the enemy;
(J)You have set my feet in a wide place.
9 Have mercy on me, O Lord, for I am in trouble;
(K)My eye wastes away with grief,
Yes, my soul and my [f]body!
10 For my life is spent with grief,
And my years with sighing;
My strength fails because of my iniquity,
And my bones waste away.
11 (L)I am a [g]reproach among all my enemies,
But (M)especially among my neighbors,
And am repulsive to my acquaintances;
(N)Those who see me outside flee from me.
12 (O)I am forgotten like a dead man, out of mind;
I am like a [h]broken vessel.
13 (P)For I hear the slander of many;
(Q)Fear is on every side;
While they (R)take counsel together against me,
They scheme to take away my life.
14 But as for me, I trust in You, O Lord;
I say, “You are my God.”
15 My times are in Your (S)hand;
Deliver me from the hand of my enemies,
And from those who persecute me.
16 (T)Make Your face shine upon Your servant;
Save me for Your mercies’ sake.
17 (U)Do not let me be ashamed, O Lord, for I have called upon You;
Let the wicked be ashamed;
(V)Let them be silent in the grave.
18 (W)Let the lying lips be put to silence,
Which (X)speak insolent things proudly and contemptuously against the righteous.
19 (Y)Oh, how great is Your goodness,
Which You have laid up for those who fear You,
Which You have prepared for those who trust in You
In the presence of the sons of men!
20 (Z)You shall hide them in the secret place of Your presence
From the plots of man;
(AA)You shall keep them secretly in a [i]pavilion
From the strife of tongues.
21 Blessed be the Lord,
For (AB)He has shown me His marvelous kindness in a [j]strong city!
22 For I said in my haste,
“I am cut off from before Your eyes”;
Nevertheless You heard the voice of my supplications
When I cried out to You.
23 Oh, love the Lord, all you His saints!
For the Lord preserves the faithful,
And fully repays the proud person.
24 (AC)Be of good courage,
And He shall strengthen your heart,
All you who hope in the Lord.
Footnotes
- Psalm 31:1 have taken refuge
- Psalm 31:2 strength
- Psalm 31:2 Lit. house of fortresses
- Psalm 31:7 troubles
- Psalm 31:8 given me over
- Psalm 31:9 Lit. belly
- Psalm 31:11 despised thing
- Psalm 31:12 Lit. perishing
- Psalm 31:20 shelter
- Psalm 31:21 fortified
Psaumes 31
Louis Segond
31 (31:1) Au chef des chantres. Psaume de David. (31:2) Éternel! je cherche en toi mon refuge: Que jamais je ne sois confondu! Délivre-moi dans ta justice!
2 (31:3) Incline vers moi ton oreille, hâte-toi de me secourir! Sois pour moi un rocher protecteur, une forteresse, Où je trouve mon salut!
3 (31:4) Car tu es mon rocher, ma forteresse; Et à cause de ton nom tu me conduiras, tu me dirigeras.
4 (31:5) Tu me feras sortir du filet qu'ils m'ont tendu; Car tu es mon protecteur.
5 (31:6) Je remets mon esprit entre tes mains; Tu me délivreras, Éternel, Dieu de vérité!
6 (31:7) Je hais ceux qui s'attachent à de vaines idoles, Et je me confie en l'Éternel.
7 (31:8) Je serai par ta grâce dans l'allégresse et dans la joie; Car tu vois ma misère, tu sais les angoisses de mon âme,
8 (31:9) Et tu ne me livreras pas aux mains de l'ennemi, Tu mettras mes pieds au large.
9 (31:10) Aie pitié de moi, Éternel! car je suis dans la détresse; J'ai le visage, l'âme et le corps usés par le chagrin.
10 (31:11) Ma vie se consume dans la douleur, Et mes années dans les soupirs; Ma force est épuisée à cause de mon iniquité, Et mes os dépérissent.
11 (31:12) Tous mes adversaires m'ont rendu un objet d'opprobre, De grand opprobre pour mes voisins, et de terreur pour mes amis; Ceux qui me voient dehors s'enfuient loin de moi.
12 (31:13) Je suis oublié des coeurs comme un mort, Je suis comme un vase brisé.
13 (31:14) J'apprends les mauvais propos de plusieurs, L'épouvante qui règne à l'entour, Quand ils se concertent ensemble contre moi: Ils complotent de m'ôter la vie.
14 (31:15) Mais en toi je me confie, ô Éternel! Je dis: Tu es mon Dieu!
15 (31:16) Mes destinées sont dans ta main; Délivre-moi de mes ennemis et de mes persécuteurs!
16 (31:17) Fais luire ta face sur ton serviteur, Sauve-moi par ta grâce!
17 (31:18) Éternel, que je ne sois pas confondu quand je t'invoque. Que les méchants soient confondus, Qu'ils descendent en silence au séjour des morts!
18 (31:19) Qu'elles deviennent muettes, les lèvres menteuses, Qui parlent avec audace contre le juste, Avec arrogance et dédain!
19 (31:20) Oh! combien est grande ta bonté, Que tu tiens en réserve pour ceux qui te craignent, Que tu témoignes à ceux qui cherchent en toi leur refuge, A la vue des fils de l'homme!
20 (31:21) Tu les protèges sous l'abri de ta face contre ceux qui les persécutent, Tu les protèges dans ta tente contre les langues qui les attaquent.
21 (31:22) Béni soit l'Éternel! Car il a signalé sa grâce envers moi, Comme si j'avais été dans une ville forte.
22 (31:23) Je disais dans ma précipitation: Je suis chassé loin de ton regard! Mais tu as entendu la voix de mes supplications, Quand j'ai crié vers toi.
23 (31:24) Aimez l'Éternel, vous qui avez de la piété! L'Éternel garde les fidèles, Et il punit sévèrement les orgueilleux.
24 (31:25) Fortifiez-vous et que votre coeur s'affermisse, Vous tous qui espérez en l'Éternel!
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