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Psalm 23

A song of David.

Psalm 23 is the best known and most beloved psalm in the collection. Surprisingly, it casts humanity as sheep—stupid, helpless sheep. But the long-lasting appeal of Psalm 23 is a direct result of that casting because the imagery is both soothing and accessible.

When he was a boy, King David was a shepherd watching his father’s flocks in the hills around Bethlehem. In those days, too, it was common to refer to kings in the Near East as shepherds; but not all shepherd-kings cared for their sheep. Though David tried to shepherd his people well, he knew the truth: the Eternal is the true Shepherd.

In John 10:11 Jesus makes a bold claim. He declares that He is the good shepherd. Immediately His disciples detected the resonance of Psalm 23 in His words. Those of us who follow Jesus today come to know Him as that gentle but strong shepherd who guides us through life if we will follow Him.

The Eternal is my shepherd, He cares for me always.
He provides me rest in rich, green fields
    beside streams of refreshing water.
    He soothes my fears;
He makes me whole again,
    steering me off worn, hard paths
    to roads where truth and righteousness echo His name.

Even in the unending shadows of death’s darkness,
    I am not overcome by fear.
Because You are with me in those dark moments,
    near with Your protection and guidance,
    I am comforted.

You spread out a table before me,
    provisions in the midst of attack from my enemies;
You care for all my needs, anointing my head with soothing, fragrant oil,
    filling my cup again and again with Your grace.
Certainly Your faithful protection and loving provision will pursue me
    where I go, always, everywhere.
I will always be with the Eternal,
    in Your house forever.

Psalm 23

A psalm of David.

The Lord is my shepherd,(A) I lack nothing.(B)
    He makes me lie down in green pastures,
he leads me beside quiet waters,(C)
    he refreshes my soul.(D)
He guides me(E) along the right paths(F)
    for his name’s sake.(G)
Even though I walk
    through the darkest valley,[a](H)
I will fear no evil,(I)
    for you are with me;(J)
your rod and your staff,
    they comfort me.

You prepare a table(K) before me
    in the presence of my enemies.
You anoint my head with oil;(L)
    my cup(M) overflows.
Surely your goodness and love(N) will follow me
    all the days of my life,
and I will dwell in the house of the Lord
    forever.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 23:4 Or the valley of the shadow of death

But God simply did away with Judah’s defenses.
    In that day you put your trust in weapons stored in the armory.
You began to fix the many breaks in the walls of the city of David.
    You stocked up on water from the lower pool.
10 You took stock of the houses in Jerusalem,
    and began to dismantle them stone-by-stone to shore up the city wall.
11 You built a reservoir between two walls to hold the water of the old pool.
    But in all this you neglected the One who could really save you;
You failed to consider the One who actually made this place
    and established it so long ago.

12 Consequently, the Lord, the Eternal, Commander of heavenly armies,
    determined that day would be a time of weeping and regret,
A time of shaved heads and donning sackcloth
    and a time for mourning.
13 Yet you missed the point and made merry,
    slaughtering cattle and sheep for a giant celebration,
Eating and drinking your fill of wine!

People (to each other): Eat up, drink up, for tomorrow we die.[a]

14 Eternal One (to Isaiah): This sin will not be forgiven.
        It will stay with you until your dying day.

That’s what the Lord, the Eternal, Commander of heavenly armies, said.

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The Lord stripped away the defenses of Judah,
    and you looked in that day(A)
    to the weapons(B) in the Palace of the Forest.(C)
You saw that the walls of the City of David
    were broken through(D) in many places;
you stored up water
    in the Lower Pool.(E)
10 You counted the buildings in Jerusalem
    and tore down houses(F) to strengthen the wall.(G)
11 You built a reservoir between the two walls(H)
    for the water of the Old Pool,(I)
but you did not look to the One who made it,
    or have regard(J) for the One who planned(K) it long ago.

12 The Lord, the Lord Almighty,
    called you on that day(L)
to weep(M) and to wail,
    to tear out your hair(N) and put on sackcloth.(O)
13 But see, there is joy and revelry,(P)
    slaughtering of cattle and killing of sheep,
    eating of meat and drinking of wine!(Q)
“Let us eat and drink,” you say,
    “for tomorrow we die!”(R)

14 The Lord Almighty has revealed this in my hearing:(S) “Till your dying day this sin will not be atoned(T) for,” says the Lord, the Lord Almighty.

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You are adulterers. Don’t you know that making friends with this corrupt world order is open aggression toward God? So anyone who aligns with this bogus world system is declaring war against the one true God. Do you think it is empty rhetoric when the Scriptures say, “The spirit that lives in us is addicted to envy and jealousy”?[a] You may think that the situation is hopeless, but God gives us more grace when we turn away from our own interests. That’s why Scripture says,

God opposes the proud,
    but He pours out grace on the humble.[b]

So submit yourselves to the one true God and fight against the devil and his schemes. If you do, he will run away in failure. Come close to the one true God, and He will draw close to you. Wash your hands; you have dirtied them in sin. Cleanse your heart, because your mind is split down the middle, your love for God on one side and selfish pursuits on the other.

Since the beginning, our loving Creator has been pursuing us, drawing us closer to Him. He invites us to move closer to Him so we can be fully His.

Now is the time to lament, to grieve, and to cry. Dissolve your laughter into sobbing, and exchange your joy for depression. 10 Lay yourself bare, facedown to the ground, in humility before the Lord; and He will lift your head so you can stand tall.

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You adulterous(A) people,[a] don’t you know that friendship with the world(B) means enmity against God?(C) Therefore, anyone who chooses to be a friend of the world becomes an enemy of God.(D) Or do you think Scripture says without reason that he jealously longs for the spirit he has caused to dwell in us[b]?(E) But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:

“God opposes the proud
    but shows favor to the humble.”[c](F)

Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil,(G) and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you.(H) Wash your hands,(I) you sinners, and purify your hearts,(J) you double-minded.(K) Grieve, mourn and wail. Change your laughter to mourning and your joy to gloom.(L) 10 Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up.(M)

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Footnotes

  1. James 4:4 An allusion to covenant unfaithfulness; see Hosea 3:1.
  2. James 4:5 Or that the spirit he caused to dwell in us envies intensely; or that the Spirit he caused to dwell in us longs jealously
  3. James 4:6 Prov. 3:34