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12 These will be cities of refuge from the kinsman avenger[a] so that the killer will not die until he has received judgment before the assembly.

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Footnotes

  1. Numbers 35:12 The avenger (Hebrew, goel) is the closest relative of the victim; it is up to him to see justice done (see v. 19; Gen 4:15; 9:6; Deut 19:12; 2 Sam 14:11). He is also the authorized protector of his relatives; in particular, he must prevent the alienation of their properties (see Lev 25:23-25; Ru 4:3ff). By extension, God will be called “the goel of Israel” (Ps 18:14; Isa 41:14; Jer 50:34). A goel is basically a protector.

12 And they shall be unto you cities for refuge from the avenger; that the manslayer die not, until he stand before the congregation in judgment.

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12 They will be places of refuge from the avenger,(A) so that anyone accused of murder(B) may not die before they stand trial before the assembly.(C)

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12 The cities shall be for you a refuge from the avenger, that the manslayer may not die until he stands before the congregation for judgment.

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