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Isus mustră pe cărturari şi farisei

23 Atunci, Isus, pe când cuvânta gloatelor şi ucenicilor Săi, a zis: „Cărturarii(A) şi fariseii şed pe scaunul lui Moise. Deci toate lucrurile pe care vă spun ei să le păziţi, păziţi-le şi faceţi-le, dar după faptele lor să nu faceţi. Căci ei(B) zic, dar nu fac. Ei(C) leagă sarcini grele şi anevoie de purtat şi le pun pe umerii oamenilor, dar ei nici cu degetul nu vor să le mişte. Toate faptele lor le fac(D) pentru ca să fie văzuţi de oameni. Astfel, îşi fac filacterele late, îşi(E) fac poalele veşmintelor cu ciucuri lungi, umblă(F) după locurile dintâi la ospeţe şi după scaunele dintâi în sinagogi, le place să le facă oamenii plecăciuni prin pieţe şi să le zică: ‘Rabbi! Rabbi!’ Voi(G) să nu vă numiţi ‘Rabbi’. Fiindcă(H) Unul singur este Învăţătorul vostru: Hristos, şi voi toţi sunteţi fraţi. Şi ‘Tată’ să nu numiţi pe nimeni pe pământ, pentru că Unul singur este Tatăl vostru: Acela care este în ceruri. 10 Să nu vă numiţi dascăli; căci Unul singur este Dascălul vostru: Hristosul. 11 Cel(I) mai mare dintre voi să fie slujitorul vostru. 12 Oricine(J) se va înălţa va fi smerit; şi oricine se va smeri va fi înălţat.

Nelegiuirile cărturarilor şi fariseilor

13 Vai(K) de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că voi închideţi oamenilor Împărăţia cerurilor: nici voi nu intraţi în ea, şi nici pe cei ce vor să intre nu-i lăsaţi să intre. 14 Vai de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că(L) voi mâncaţi casele văduvelor, în timp ce, de ochii lumii, faceţi rugăciuni lungi, de aceea veţi lua o mai mare osândă. 15 Vai de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că voi înconjuraţi marea şi pământul ca să faceţi un tovarăş de credinţă şi, după ce a ajuns tovarăş de credinţă, faceţi din el un fiu al gheenei, de două ori mai rău decât sunteţi voi înşivă. 16 Vai de voi, povăţuitori(M) orbi, care ziceţi: ‘Dacă jură cineva(N) pe Templu, nu este nimic, dar, dacă jură pe aurul Templului, este legat de jurământul lui’. 17 Nebuni şi orbi! Care este mai mare: aurul sau(O) Templul, care sfinţeşte aurul? 18 ‘Dacă jură cineva pe altar, nu este nimic, dar, dacă jură pe darul de pe altar, este legat de jurământul lui’. 19 Nebuni şi orbi! Care este mai mare: darul sau altarul(P), care sfinţeşte darul? 20 Deci, cine jură pe altar jură pe el şi pe tot ce este deasupra lui; 21 cine jură pe Templu jură pe el şi pe Cel ce(Q) locuieşte în el; 22 şi cine jură pe cer jură pe scaunul de domnie(R) al lui Dumnezeu şi pe Cel ce şade pe el. 23 Vai de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că(S) voi daţi zeciuială din izmă, din mărar şi din chimen şi lăsaţi nefăcute(T) cele mai însemnate lucruri din Lege: dreptatea, mila şi credincioşia; pe acestea trebuie să le faceţi, şi pe acelea să nu le lăsaţi nefăcute. 24 Povăţuitori orbi, care strecuraţi ţânţarul şi înghiţiţi cămila! 25 Vai de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că(U) voi curăţiţi partea de afară a paharului şi a blidului, dar înăuntru sunt pline de răpire şi de necumpătare. 26 Fariseu orb! Curăţă întâi partea dinăuntru a paharului şi a blidului, pentru ca şi partea de afară să fie curată. 27 Vai de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că(V) voi sunteţi ca mormintele văruite, care pe dinafară se arată frumoase, iar pe dinăuntru sunt pline de oasele morţilor şi de orice fel de necurăţie. 28 Tot aşa şi voi, pe dinafară vă arătaţi neprihăniţi oamenilor, dar pe dinăuntru sunteţi plini de făţărnicie şi de fărădelege. 29 Vai(W) de voi, cărturari şi farisei făţarnici! Pentru că voi zidiţi mormintele prorocilor, împodobiţi gropile celor neprihăniţi 30 şi ziceţi: ‘Dacă am fi trăit noi în zilele părinţilor noştri, nu ne-am fi unit cu ei la vărsarea sângelui prorocilor’. 31 Prin aceasta mărturisiţi despre voi înşivă că sunteţi(X) fiii celor ce au omorât pe proroci. 32 Voi(Y) dar umpleţi măsura părinţilor voştri! 33 Şerpi, pui(Z) de năpârci! Cum veţi scăpa de pedeapsa gheenei? 34 De aceea(AA), iată, vă trimit proroci, înţelepţi şi cărturari. Pe(AB) unii din ei îi veţi omorî şi răstigni, pe(AC) alţii îi veţi bate în sinagogile voastre şi-i veţi prigoni din cetate în cetate, 35 ca(AD) să vină asupra voastră tot sângele nevinovat care a fost vărsat pe pământ, de la(AE) sângele neprihănitului Abel până la sângele(AF) lui Zaharia, fiul lui Barachia, pe care l-aţi omorât între Templu şi altar. 36 Adevărat vă spun, că toate acestea vor veni peste neamul acesta.

Pedeapsa Ierusalimului

37 Ierusalime(AG), Ierusalime, care omori pe proroci şi(AH) ucizi cu pietre pe cei trimişi la tine! De câte ori am vrut să(AI) strâng pe copiii tăi cum îşi strânge găina puii sub(AJ) aripi, şi n-aţi vrut! 38 Iată că vi se lasă casa pustie; 39 căci vă spun că de acum încolo nu Mă veţi mai vedea până când veţi zice: ‘Binecuvântat(AK) este Cel ce vine în Numele Domnului!’ ”

शास्त्रियों और फ़रीसियों का पाखण्ड

(मारक 12:38-40; लूकॉ 20:45-47)

23 इसके बाद येशु ने भीड़ और शिष्यों को सम्बोधित करते हुए कहा, “फ़रीसियों और शास्त्रियों ने स्वयं को मोशेह के पद पर आसीन कर रखा है. इसलिए उनकी सभी शिक्षाओं के अनुरूप स्वभाव तो रखो किन्तु उनके द्वारा किए जा रहे कामों को बिल्कुल न मानना क्योंकि वे स्वयं ही वह नहीं करते, जो वह कहते हैं. वे लोगों के कन्धों पर भारी बोझ लाद तो देते हैं किन्तु उसे हटाने के लिए स्वयं एक उंगली तक नहीं लगाना चाहते.

“वे सभी काम लोगों का ध्यान आकर्षित करने के उद्देश्य से ही करते हैं. वे उन पट्टियों को चौड़ा करते जाते हैं जिन पर वे पवित्रशास्त्र के वचन लिख कर शरीर पर बान्ध लेते हैं तथा वे ऊपरी वस्त्र की झालर को भी बढ़ाते जाते हैं. दावतों में मुख्य स्थान, यहूदी-सभागृहों में मुख्य आसन, नगर चौक में लोगों के द्वारा सम्मानपूर्ण अभिनन्दन तथा रब्बी कहलाना ही इन्हें प्रिय है.

“किन्तु तुम स्वयं के लिए रब्बी कहलाना स्वीकार न करना क्योंकि तुम्हारे शिक्षक मात्र एक हैं और तुम सब आपस में भाई हो. पृथ्वी पर तुम किसी को अपना पिता न कहना. क्योंकि तुम्हारे पिता मात्र एक हैं, जो स्वर्ग में हैं 10 और न तुम स्वयं के लिए स्वामी सम्बोधन स्वीकार करना क्योंकि तुम्हारे स्वामी मात्र एक हैं—मसीह. 11 अवश्य है कि तुममें जो बड़ा बनना चाहे वह तुम्हारा सेवक हो. 12 जो कोई स्वयं को बड़ा करता है, उसे छोटा बना दिया जाएगा और वह, जो स्वयं को छोटा बनाता है, बड़ा किया जाएगा.”

शास्त्रियों और फ़रीसियों पर सात उल्लाहनाएं

13 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! जनसाधारण के लिए तो तुम स्वर्ग-राज्य के द्वार बन्द कर देते हो. तुम न तो स्वयं इसमें प्रवेश करते हो और न किसी अन्य को ही प्रवेश करने देते हो.

14 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! तुम लम्बी-लम्बी प्रार्थनाओं का ढोंग करते हुए विधवाओं की सम्पत्ति निगल जाते हो. इसलिए अधिक होगा तुम्हारा दण्ड.

15 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! तुम एक व्यक्ति को अपने मत में लाने के लिए लम्बी-लम्बी जल और थल यात्राएँ करते हो. उसके तुम्हारे मत में सम्मिलित हो जाने पर तुम उसे नर्क की आग के दण्ड का दोगुना अधिकारी बना देते हो.

16 “धिक्कार है तुम पर अंधे अगुवों! तुम जो यह शिक्षा देते हो, ‘यदि कोई मन्दिर की शपथ लेता है तो उसका कोई महत्व नहीं किन्तु यदि कोई मन्दिर के सोने की शपथ लेता है तो उसके लिए प्रतिज्ञा पूरी करना ज़रूरी हो जाता है.’ 17 अरे मूर्खो और अन्धो! अधिक महत्वपूर्ण क्या है—सोना या वह मन्दिर जिससे वह सोना पवित्र होता है? 18 इसी प्रकार तुम कहते हो, ‘यदि कोई वेदी की शपथ लेता है तो उसका कोई महत्व नहीं किन्तु यदि कोई वेदी पर चढ़ाई भेंट की शपथ लेता है तो उसके लिए अपनी प्रतिज्ञा पूरी करना ज़रूरी है.’ 19 अरे अन्धो! अधिक महत्वपूर्ण क्या है, वेदी पर चड़ाई भेंट या वेदी जिससे भेंट पवित्र होती है? 20 इसलिए जो कोई वेदी की शपथ लेता है, वह वेदी तथा वेदी पर समर्पित भेंट दोनों ही की शपथ लेता है. 21 जो कोई मन्दिर की शपथ लेता है, वह मन्दिर तथा उनकी, जो इसमें रहते हैं, दोनों ही की शपथ लेता है. 22 इसी प्रकार जो कोई स्वर्ग की शपथ लेता है, वह परमेश्वर के सिंहासन की तथा उनकी जो उस पर बैठा हैं, दोनों ही की शपथ लेता है.

23 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! तुम पुदीना, सौंफ़ तथा ज़ीरा का दसवां अंश तो अवश्य देते हो किन्तु व्यवस्था की कहीं अधिक गंभीर बातों का अर्थात् न्याय, कृपा तथा विश्वास की उपेक्षा करते हो. यही वे बातें हैं जिनका पूरा करना आवश्यक था—दूसरों की अनदेखी किए बिना.

24 “अंधे अगुवों! तुम मक्खी तो छान कर निकाल फेंकते हो किन्तु ऊँट निगल जाते हो!

25 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! प्याले तथा बर्तन को बाहर से तो तुम अच्छी तरह से साफ़ करते हो किन्तु अंदर लालच तथा विलासिता भरी है. 26 अंधे फ़रीसियो! पहले प्याले तथा बर्तन को भीतर से साफ़ करो कि वे बाहर से भी साफ़ हो जाएँ.

27 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! तुम क़ब्रों के समान हो, जो बाहर से तो सजायी-सँवारी जाती हैं किन्तु भीतर मरे हुए व्यक्ति की हड्डियाँ तथा सब प्रकार की गंदगी भरी होती है. 28 तुम भी बाहर से तो मनुष्यों को धर्मी दिखाई देते हो किन्तु तुम्हारे अंदर कपट तथा अधर्म भरा हुआ है.

29 “धिक्कार है तुम पर पाखण्डी, फ़रीसियो, शास्त्रियो! तुम भविष्यद्वक्ताओं की क़ब्रें सँवारते हो तथा धर्मी व्यक्तियों के स्मारक को सजाते हो और कहते हो 30 ‘यदि हम अपने पूर्वजों के समय में होते, हम इन भविष्यद्वक्ताओं की हत्या के साझी न होते.’ 31 यह कह कर तुम स्वयं अपने ही विरुद्ध गवाही देते हो कि तुम उनकी सन्तान हो जिन्होंने भविष्यद्वक्ताओं की हत्या की थी. 32 ठीक है! भरते जाओ अपने पूर्वजों के पापों का घड़ा.”

उनके अपराध तथा आनेवाला दण्ड

33 “अरे सांपो! विषधर की सन्तान! कैसे बचोगे तुम नर्क-दण्ड से? 34 इसलिए मेरा कहना सुनो: मैं तुम्हारे पास भविष्यद्वक्ता, ज्ञानी और पवित्रशास्त्र के शिक्षक भेज रहा हूँ. उनमें से कुछ की तो तुम हत्या करोगे, कुछ को तुम क्रूस पर चढ़ाओगे तथा कुछ को तुम यहूदी-सभागृह में कोड़े लगाओगे और नगर-नगर यातनाएँ दोगे 35 कि तुम पर सभी धर्मी व्यक्तियों के पृथ्वी पर बहाए लहू का दोष आ पड़े—धर्मी हाबिल के लहू से ले कर बैरेखाया के पुत्र ज़कर्याह के लहू तक का, जिसका वध तुमने मन्दिर और वेदी के बीच किया. 36 सच तो यह है कि इन सबका दण्ड इसी पीढ़ी पर आ पड़ेगा.”

येशु का येरूशालेम नगर पर विलाप

37 “येरूशालेम! ओ येरूशालेम! तू भविष्यद्वक्ताओं की हत्या करता तथा उनका पथराव करता है, जिन्हें तेरे लिए भेजा जाता है. कितनी बार मैंने यह प्रयास किया कि तेरी सन्तान को इकट्ठा कर एकजुट करूँ, जैसे मुर्गी अपने चूज़ों को अपने पंखों के नीचे इकट्ठा करती है किन्तु तूने न चाहा. 38 इसलिए अब यह समझ ले कि तेरा घर तेरे लिए उजाड़ छोड़ा जा रहा है. 39 मैं तुझे बताए देता हूँ कि इसके बाद तू मुझे तब तक नहीं देखेगा जब तक तू यह नारा न लगाए.

“धन्य है वह, जो प्रभु के नाम में आ रहा है!”

23 Then spake Jesus to the multitude, and to his disciples,

Saying The scribes and the Pharisees sit in Moses' seat:

All therefore whatsoever they bid you observe, that observe and do; but do not ye after their works: for they say, and do not.

For they bind heavy burdens and grievous to be borne, and lay them on men's shoulders; but they themselves will not move them with one of their fingers.

But all their works they do for to be seen of men: they make broad their phylacteries, and enlarge the borders of their garments,

And love the uppermost rooms at feasts, and the chief seats in the synagogues,

And greetings in the markets, and to be called of men, Rabbi, Rabbi.

But be not ye called Rabbi: for one is your Master, even Christ; and all ye are brethren.

And call no man your father upon the earth: for one is your Father, which is in heaven.

10 Neither be ye called masters: for one is your Master, even Christ.

11 But he that is greatest among you shall be your servant.

12 And whosoever shall exalt himself shall be abased; and he that shall humble himself shall be exalted.

13 But woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom of heaven against men: for ye neither go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them that are entering to go in.

14 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye devour widows' houses, and for a pretence make long prayer: therefore ye shall receive the greater damnation.

15 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves.

16 Woe unto you, ye blind guides, which say, Whosoever shall swear by the temple, it is nothing; but whosoever shall swear by the gold of the temple, he is a debtor!

17 Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gold, or the temple that sanctifieth the gold?

18 And, Whosoever shall swear by the altar, it is nothing; but whosoever sweareth by the gift that is upon it, he is guilty.

19 Ye fools and blind: for whether is greater, the gift, or the altar that sanctifieth the gift?

20 Whoso therefore shall swear by the altar, sweareth by it, and by all things thereon.

21 And whoso shall swear by the temple, sweareth by it, and by him that dwelleth therein.

22 And he that shall swear by heaven, sweareth by the throne of God, and by him that sitteth thereon.

23 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye pay tithe of mint and anise and cummin, and have omitted the weightier matters of the law, judgment, mercy, and faith: these ought ye to have done, and not to leave the other undone.

24 Ye blind guides, which strain at a gnat, and swallow a camel.

25 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye make clean the outside of the cup and of the platter, but within they are full of extortion and excess.

26 Thou blind Pharisee, cleanse first that which is within the cup and platter, that the outside of them may be clean also.

27 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are like unto whited sepulchres, which indeed appear beautiful outward, but are within full of dead men's bones, and of all uncleanness.

28 Even so ye also outwardly appear righteous unto men, but within ye are full of hypocrisy and iniquity.

29 Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous,

30 And say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.

31 Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are the children of them which killed the prophets.

32 Fill ye up then the measure of your fathers.

33 Ye serpents, ye generation of vipers, how can ye escape the damnation of hell?

34 Wherefore, behold, I send unto you prophets, and wise men, and scribes: and some of them ye shall kill and crucify; and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from city to city:

35 That upon you may come all the righteous blood shed upon the earth, from the blood of righteous Abel unto the blood of Zacharias son of Barachias, whom ye slew between the temple and the altar.

36 Verily I say unto you, All these things shall come upon this generation.

37 O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that killest the prophets, and stonest them which are sent unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and ye would not!

38 Behold, your house is left unto you desolate.

39 For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord.

A Warning Against Hypocrisy(A)(B)

23 Then Jesus said to the crowds and to his disciples: “The teachers of the law(C) and the Pharisees sit in Moses’ seat. So you must be careful to do everything they tell you. But do not do what they do, for they do not practice what they preach. They tie up heavy, cumbersome loads and put them on other people’s shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to lift a finger to move them.(D)

“Everything they do is done for people to see:(E) They make their phylacteries[a](F) wide and the tassels on their garments(G) long; they love the place of honor at banquets and the most important seats in the synagogues;(H) they love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and to be called ‘Rabbi’ by others.(I)

“But you are not to be called ‘Rabbi,’ for you have one Teacher, and you are all brothers. And do not call anyone on earth ‘father,’ for you have one Father,(J) and he is in heaven. 10 Nor are you to be called instructors, for you have one Instructor, the Messiah. 11 The greatest among you will be your servant.(K) 12 For those who exalt themselves will be humbled, and those who humble themselves will be exalted.(L)

Seven Woes on the Teachers of the Law and the Pharisees

13 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites!(M) You shut the door of the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. You yourselves do not enter, nor will you let those enter who are trying to.(N) [14] [b]

15 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You travel over land and sea to win a single convert,(O) and when you have succeeded, you make them twice as much a child of hell(P) as you are.

16 “Woe to you, blind guides!(Q) You say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gold of the temple is bound by that oath.’(R) 17 You blind fools! Which is greater: the gold, or the temple that makes the gold sacred?(S) 18 You also say, ‘If anyone swears by the altar, it means nothing; but anyone who swears by the gift on the altar is bound by that oath.’ 19 You blind men! Which is greater: the gift, or the altar that makes the gift sacred?(T) 20 Therefore, anyone who swears by the altar swears by it and by everything on it. 21 And anyone who swears by the temple swears by it and by the one who dwells(U) in it. 22 And anyone who swears by heaven swears by God’s throne and by the one who sits on it.(V)

23 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You give a tenth(W) of your spices—mint, dill and cumin. But you have neglected the more important matters of the law—justice, mercy and faithfulness.(X) You should have practiced the latter, without neglecting the former. 24 You blind guides!(Y) You strain out a gnat but swallow a camel.

25 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish,(Z) but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence.(AA) 26 Blind Pharisee! First clean the inside of the cup and dish, and then the outside also will be clean.

27 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs,(AB) which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of the bones of the dead and everything unclean. 28 In the same way, on the outside you appear to people as righteous but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness.

29 “Woe to you, teachers of the law and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You build tombs for the prophets(AC) and decorate the graves of the righteous. 30 And you say, ‘If we had lived in the days of our ancestors, we would not have taken part with them in shedding the blood of the prophets.’ 31 So you testify against yourselves that you are the descendants of those who murdered the prophets.(AD) 32 Go ahead, then, and complete(AE) what your ancestors started!(AF)

33 “You snakes! You brood of vipers!(AG) How will you escape being condemned to hell?(AH) 34 Therefore I am sending you prophets and sages and teachers. Some of them you will kill and crucify;(AI) others you will flog in your synagogues(AJ) and pursue from town to town.(AK) 35 And so upon you will come all the righteous blood that has been shed on earth, from the blood of righteous Abel(AL) to the blood of Zechariah son of Berekiah,(AM) whom you murdered between the temple and the altar.(AN) 36 Truly I tell you, all this will come on this generation.(AO)

37 “Jerusalem, Jerusalem, you who kill the prophets and stone those sent to you,(AP) how often I have longed to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings,(AQ) and you were not willing. 38 Look, your house is left to you desolate.(AR) 39 For I tell you, you will not see me again until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’[c](AS)

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 23:5 That is, boxes containing Scripture verses, worn on forehead and arm
  2. Matthew 23:14 Some manuscripts include here words similar to Mark 12:40 and Luke 20:47.
  3. Matthew 23:39 Psalm 118:26