Footnotes

1. Luke 1:57 tn Grk “the time was fulfilled.”
2. Luke 1:57 tn The words “her baby” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied for clarity.
3. Luke 1:58 tn Grk “And her.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
4. Luke 1:58 tn Grk “had magnified his mercy with her.”
5. Luke 1:58 tn The verb συνέχαιρον (sunechairon) is an imperfect and could be translated as an ingressive force, “they began to rejoice.”
6. Luke 1:59 tn Grk “And it happened that.” The introductory phrase ἐγένετο (egeneto, “it happened that”), common in Luke (69 times) and Acts (54 times), is redundant in contemporary English and has not been translated. Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
7. Luke 1:59 sn They were following OT law (Lev 12:3) which prescribed that a male child was to be circumcised on the eighth day.
8. Luke 1:59 tn This could be understood as a conative imperfect, expressing an unrealized desire (“they were trying to name him”). It has been given more of a voluntative nuance in the translation.
9. Luke 1:60 tn Grk “And,” but with clearly contrastive emphasis in context.
10. Luke 1:60 tn Grk “his mother answering, said.” The combination of participle and finite verb is redundant in English and has been simplified to “replied” in the translation.
11. Luke 1:60 tn This future passive indicative verb has imperatival force and thus has been translated “he must be named.”
12. Luke 1:60 sn “No! He must be named John.” By insisting on the name specified by the angel, Elizabeth (v. 60) and Zechariah (v. 63) have learned to obey God (see Luke 1:13).
13. Luke 1:61 tn Grk “And they.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
14. Luke 1:61 tn The word “but” is not in the Greek text but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
15. Luke 1:61 tn Grk “There is no one from your relatives who is called by this name.”
16. Luke 1:62 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the consequential nature of the action described.
17. Luke 1:62 tn Grk “his”; the referent (the baby) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
18. Luke 1:62 sn The crowd was sure there had been a mistake, so they appealed to the child’s father. But custom was not to be followed here, since God had spoken. The fact they needed to signal him (made signs) shows that he was deaf as well as unable to speak.
19. Luke 1:62 tn Grk “what he might wish to call him.”
20. Luke 1:63 tn Grk “And he.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
21. Luke 1:63 sn The writing tablet requested by Zechariah would have been a wax tablet.
22. Luke 1:63 tn Grk “and wrote, saying.” The participle λέγων (legōn) is redundant in English and has not been translated.
23. Luke 1:63 sn The response, they were all amazed, expresses a mixture of surprise and reflection in this setting where they were so certain of what the child’s name would be.
24. Luke 1:64 tn Grk “And immediately.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.
25. Luke 1:64 tn Grk “his”; the referent (Zechariah) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
26. Luke 1:64 sn The mention of both mouth and tongue here is a figure called zeugma and emphasizes that the end of the temporary judgment came instantly and fully upon Zechariah’s expression of faith in naming the child. He had learned to trust and obey God during his short period of silence. He had learned from his trial.
27. Luke 1:64 tn “Released” is implied; in the Greek text both στόμα (stoma) and γλῶσσα (glōssa) are subjects of ἀνεῴχθη (aneōchthē), but this would be somewhat redundant in English.
28. Luke 1:65 tn Grk “And all.” Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.sn Fear is the emotion that comes when one recognizes something unusual, even supernatural, has taken place.
29. Luke 1:66 tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style. A new sentence was begun at this point in the translation because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence.
30. Luke 1:66 tn Grk “heard”; the referent (these things, from the previous verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
31. Luke 1:66 tn Grk “heart.” The term “heart” (καρδία, kardia) could also be translated as “mind,” or “thoughts,” and the entire phrase be rendered as “kept them in mind,” “thought about,” or the like. But the immediate context is clearly emotive, suggesting that much more is at work than merely the mental processes of thinking or reasoning about “these things.” There is a sense of joy and excitement (see the following question, “What then will this child be?”) and even fear. Further, the use of καρδία in 1:66 suggests connections with the same term in 2:19 where deep emotion is being expressed as well. Therefore, recognizing both the dramatic nature of the immediate context and the literary connections to 2:19, the translation renders the term in 1:66 as “hearts” to capture both the cognitive and emotive aspects of the people’s response.
32. Luke 1:66 tn Or “what manner of child will this one be?”
33. Luke 1:66 sn The reference to the Lord’s hand indicates that the presence, direction, and favor of God was with him (Acts 7:9b).