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Prologo

Poiché molti han posto mano a stendere un racconto degli avvenimenti successi tra di noi, come ce li hanno trasmessi coloro che ne furono testimoni fin da principio e divennero ministri della parola, così ho deciso anch'io di fare ricerche accurate su ogni circostanza fin dagli inizi e di scriverne per te un resoconto ordinato, illustre Teòfilo, perché ti possa rendere conto della solidità degli insegnamenti che hai ricevuto.

I. NASCITA E VITA NASCOSTA DI GIOVANNI BATTISTA E DI GESU'

Annunzio della nascita di Giovanni Battista

Al tempo di Erode, re della Giudea, c'era un sacerdote chiamato Zaccaria, della classe di Abìa, e aveva in moglie una discendente di Aronne chiamata Elisabetta. Erano giusti davanti a Dio, osservavano irreprensibili tutte le leggi e le prescrizioni del Signore. Ma non avevano figli, perché Elisabetta era sterile e tutti e due erano avanti negli anni.

Mentre Zaccaria officiava davanti al Signore nel turno della sua classe, secondo l'usanza del servizio sacerdotale, gli toccò in sorte di entrare nel tempio per fare l'offerta dell'incenso. 10 Tutta l'assemblea del popolo pregava fuori nell'ora dell'incenso. 11 Allora gli apparve un angelo del Signore, ritto alla destra dell'altare dell'incenso. 12 Quando lo vide, Zaccaria si turbò e fu preso da timore. 13 Ma l'angelo gli disse: «Non temere, Zaccaria, la tua preghiera è stata esaudita e tua moglie Elisabetta ti darà un figlio, che chiamerai Giovanni. 14 Avrai gioia ed esultanza e molti si rallegreranno della sua nascita, 15 poiché egli sarà grande davanti al Signore; non berrà vino né bevande inebrianti, sarà pieno di Spirito Santo fin dal seno di sua madre 16 e ricondurrà molti figli d'Israele al Signore loro Dio. 17 Gli camminerà innanzi con lo spirito e la forza di Elia, per ricondurre i cuori dei padri verso i figli e i ribelli alla saggezza dei giusti e preparare al Signore un popolo ben disposto». 18 Zaccaria disse all'angelo: «Come posso conoscere questo? Io sono vecchio e mia moglie è avanzata negli anni». 19 L'angelo gli rispose: «Io sono Gabriele che sto al cospetto di Dio e sono stato mandato a portarti questo lieto annunzio. 20 Ed ecco, sarai muto e non potrai parlare fino al giorno in cui queste cose avverranno, perché non hai creduto alle mie parole, le quali si adempiranno a loro tempo».

21 Intanto il popolo stava in attesa di Zaccaria, e si meravigliava per il suo indugiare nel tempio. 22 Quando poi uscì e non poteva parlare loro, capirono che nel tempio aveva avuto una visione. Faceva loro dei cenni e restava muto.

23 Compiuti i giorni del suo servizio, tornò a casa. 24 Dopo quei giorni Elisabetta, sua moglie, concepì e si tenne nascosta per cinque mesi e diceva: 25 «Ecco che cosa ha fatto per me il Signore, nei giorni in cui si è degnato di togliere la mia vergogna tra gli uomini».

L'annunciazione

26 Nel sesto mese, l'angelo Gabriele fu mandato da Dio in una città della Galilea, chiamata Nazaret, 27 a una vergine, promessa sposa di un uomo della casa di Davide, chiamato Giuseppe. La vergine si chiamava Maria. 28 Entrando da lei, disse: «Ti saluto, o piena di grazia, il Signore è con te». 29 A queste parole ella rimase turbata e si domandava che senso avesse un tale saluto. 30 L'angelo le disse: «Non temere, Maria, perché hai trovato grazia presso Dio. 31 Ecco concepirai un figlio, lo darai alla luce e lo chiamerai Gesù. 32 Sarà grande e chiamato Figlio dell'Altissimo; il Signore Dio gli darà il trono di Davide suo padre 33 e regnerà per sempre sulla casa di Giacobbe e il suo regno non avrà fine».

34 Allora Maria disse all'angelo: «Come è possibile? Non conosco uomo». 35 Le rispose l'angelo: «Lo Spirito Santo scenderà su di te, su te stenderà la sua ombra la potenza dell'Altissimo. Colui che nascerà sarà dunque santo e chiamato Figlio di Dio. 36 Vedi: anche Elisabetta, tua parente, nella sua vecchiaia, ha concepito un figlio e questo è il sesto mese per lei, che tutti dicevano sterile: 37 nulla è impossibile a Dio». 38 Allora Maria disse: «Eccomi, sono la serva del Signore, avvenga di me quello che hai detto». E l'angelo partì da lei.

La visitazione

39 In quei giorni Maria si mise in viaggio verso la montagna e raggiunse in fretta una città di Giuda. 40 Entrata nella casa di Zaccaria, salutò Elisabetta. 41 Appena Elisabetta ebbe udito il saluto di Maria, il bambino le sussultò nel grembo. Elisabetta fu piena di Spirito Santo 42 ed esclamò a gran voce: «Benedetta tu fra le donne e benedetto il frutto del tuo grembo! 43 A che debbo che la madre del mio Signore venga a me? 44 Ecco, appena la voce del tuo saluto è giunta ai miei orecchi, il bambino ha esultato di gioia nel mio grembo. 45 E beata colei che ha creduto nell'adempimento delle parole del Signore».

Il Magnificat

46 Allora Maria disse:

«L'anima mia magnifica il Signore
47 e il mio spirito esulta in Dio, mio salvatore,
48 perché ha guardato l'umiltà della sua serva.
D'ora in poi tutte le generazioni mi chiameranno beata.
49 Grandi cose ha fatto in me l'Onnipotente
e Santo è il suo nome:
50 di generazione in generazione la sua misericordia
si stende su quelli che lo temono.
51 Ha spiegato la potenza del suo braccio,
ha disperso i superbi nei pensieri del loro cuore;
52 ha rovesciato i potenti dai troni,
ha innalzato gli umili;
53 ha ricolmato di beni gli affamati,
ha rimandato a mani vuote i ricchi.
54 Ha soccorso Israele, suo servo,
ricordandosi della sua misericordia,
55 come aveva promesso ai nostri padri,
ad Abramo e alla sua discendenza,
per sempre».

56 Maria rimase con lei circa tre mesi, poi tornò a casa sua.

Nascita di Giovanni Battista e visita dei vicini

57 Per Elisabetta intanto si compì il tempo del parto e diede alla luce un figlio. 58 I vicini e i parenti udirono che il Signore aveva esaltato in lei la sua misericordia, e si rallegravano con lei.

Circoncisione di Giovanni Battista

59 All'ottavo giorno vennero per circoncidere il bambino e volevano chiamarlo col nome di suo padre, Zaccaria. 60 Ma sua madre intervenne: «No, si chiamerà Giovanni». 61 Le dissero: «Non c'è nessuno della tua parentela che si chiami con questo nome». 62 Allora domandavano con cenni a suo padre come voleva che si chiamasse. 63 Egli chiese una tavoletta, e scrisse: «Giovanni è il suo nome». Tutti furono meravigliati. 64 In quel medesimo istante gli si aprì la bocca e gli si sciolse la lingua, e parlava benedicendo Dio. 65 Tutti i loro vicini furono presi da timore, e per tutta la regione montuosa della Giudea si discorreva di tutte queste cose. 66 Coloro che le udivano, le serbavano in cuor loro: «Che sarà mai questo bambino?» si dicevano. Davvero la mano del Signore stava con lui.

Il Benedictus

67 Zaccaria, suo padre, fu pieno di Spirito Santo, e profetò dicendo:

68 «Benedetto il Signore Dio d'Israele,
perché ha visitato e redento il suo popolo,
69 e ha suscitato per noi una salvezza potente
nella casa di Davide, suo servo,
70 come aveva promesso
per bocca dei suoi santi profeti d'un tempo:
71 salvezza dai nostri nemici,
e dalle mani di quanti ci odiano.
72 Così egli ha concesso misericordia ai nostri padri
e si è ricordato della sua santa alleanza,
73 del giuramento fatto ad Abramo, nostro padre,
74 di concederci, liberati dalle mani dei nemici,
di servirlo senza timore, 75 in santità e giustizia
al suo cospetto, per tutti i nostri giorni.
76 E tu, bambino, sarai chiamato profeta dell'Altissimo
perché andrai innanzi al Signore a preparargli le strade,
77 per dare al suo popolo la conoscenza della salvezza
nella remissione dei suoi peccati,
78 grazie alla bontà misericordiosa del nostro Dio,
per cui verrà a visitarci dall'alto un sole che sorge
79 per rischiarare quelli che stanno nelle tenebre
e nell'ombra della morte
e dirigere i nostri passi sulla via della pace».

Vita nascosta di Giovanni Battista

80 Il fanciullo cresceva e si fortificava nello spirito. Visse in regioni deserte fino al giorno della sua manifestazione a Israele.

Introduction(A)

Many have undertaken to draw up an account of the things that have been fulfilled[a] among us, just as they were handed down to us by those who from the first(B) were eyewitnesses(C) and servants of the word.(D) With this in mind, since I myself have carefully investigated everything from the beginning, I too decided to write an orderly account(E) for you, most excellent(F) Theophilus,(G) so that you may know the certainty of the things you have been taught.(H)

The Birth of John the Baptist Foretold

In the time of Herod king of Judea(I) there was a priest named Zechariah, who belonged to the priestly division of Abijah;(J) his wife Elizabeth was also a descendant of Aaron. Both of them were righteous in the sight of God, observing all the Lord’s commands and decrees blamelessly.(K) But they were childless because Elizabeth was not able to conceive, and they were both very old.

Once when Zechariah’s division was on duty and he was serving as priest before God,(L) he was chosen by lot,(M) according to the custom of the priesthood, to go into the temple of the Lord and burn incense.(N) 10 And when the time for the burning of incense came, all the assembled worshipers were praying outside.(O)

11 Then an angel(P) of the Lord appeared to him, standing at the right side of the altar of incense.(Q) 12 When Zechariah saw him, he was startled and was gripped with fear.(R) 13 But the angel said to him: “Do not be afraid,(S) Zechariah; your prayer has been heard. Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you are to call him John.(T) 14 He will be a joy and delight to you, and many will rejoice because of his birth,(U) 15 for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He is never to take wine or other fermented drink,(V) and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit(W) even before he is born.(X) 16 He will bring back many of the people of Israel to the Lord their God. 17 And he will go on before the Lord,(Y) in the spirit and power of Elijah,(Z) to turn the hearts of the parents to their children(AA) and the disobedient to the wisdom of the righteous—to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.”(AB)

18 Zechariah asked the angel, “How can I be sure of this?(AC) I am an old man and my wife is well along in years.”(AD)

19 The angel said to him, “I am Gabriel.(AE) I stand in the presence of God, and I have been sent to speak to you and to tell you this good news. 20 And now you will be silent and not able to speak(AF) until the day this happens, because you did not believe my words, which will come true at their appointed time.”

21 Meanwhile, the people were waiting for Zechariah and wondering why he stayed so long in the temple. 22 When he came out, he could not speak to them. They realized he had seen a vision in the temple, for he kept making signs(AG) to them but remained unable to speak.

23 When his time of service was completed, he returned home. 24 After this his wife Elizabeth became pregnant and for five months remained in seclusion. 25 “The Lord has done this for me,” she said. “In these days he has shown his favor and taken away my disgrace(AH) among the people.”

The Birth of Jesus Foretold

26 In the sixth month of Elizabeth’s pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel(AI) to Nazareth,(AJ) a town in Galilee, 27 to a virgin pledged to be married to a man named Joseph,(AK) a descendant of David. The virgin’s name was Mary. 28 The angel went to her and said, “Greetings, you who are highly favored! The Lord is with you.”

29 Mary was greatly troubled at his words and wondered what kind of greeting this might be. 30 But the angel said to her, “Do not be afraid,(AL) Mary; you have found favor with God.(AM) 31 You will conceive and give birth to a son, and you are to call him Jesus.(AN) 32 He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High.(AO) The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David,(AP) 33 and he will reign over Jacob’s descendants forever; his kingdom(AQ) will never end.”(AR)

34 “How will this be,” Mary asked the angel, “since I am a virgin?”

35 The angel answered, “The Holy Spirit will come on you,(AS) and the power of the Most High(AT) will overshadow you. So the holy one(AU) to be born will be called[b] the Son of God.(AV) 36 Even Elizabeth your relative is going to have a child(AW) in her old age, and she who was said to be unable to conceive is in her sixth month. 37 For no word from God will ever fail.”(AX)

38 “I am the Lord’s servant,” Mary answered. “May your word to me be fulfilled.” Then the angel left her.

Mary Visits Elizabeth

39 At that time Mary got ready and hurried to a town in the hill country of Judea,(AY) 40 where she entered Zechariah’s home and greeted Elizabeth. 41 When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb, and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit.(AZ) 42 In a loud voice she exclaimed: “Blessed are you among women,(BA) and blessed is the child you will bear! 43 But why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord(BB) should come to me? 44 As soon as the sound of your greeting reached my ears, the baby in my womb leaped for joy. 45 Blessed is she who has believed that the Lord would fulfill his promises to her!”

Mary’s Song(BC)

46 And Mary said:

“My soul glorifies the Lord(BD)
47     and my spirit rejoices in God my Savior,(BE)
48 for he has been mindful
    of the humble state of his servant.(BF)
From now on all generations will call me blessed,(BG)
49     for the Mighty One has done great things(BH) for me—
    holy is his name.(BI)
50 His mercy extends to those who fear him,
    from generation to generation.(BJ)
51 He has performed mighty deeds with his arm;(BK)
    he has scattered those who are proud in their inmost thoughts.(BL)
52 He has brought down rulers from their thrones
    but has lifted up the humble.(BM)
53 He has filled the hungry with good things(BN)
    but has sent the rich away empty.
54 He has helped his servant Israel,
    remembering to be merciful(BO)
55 to Abraham and his descendants(BP) forever,
    just as he promised our ancestors.”

56 Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then returned home.

The Birth of John the Baptist

57 When it was time for Elizabeth to have her baby, she gave birth to a son. 58 Her neighbors and relatives heard that the Lord had shown her great mercy, and they shared her joy.

59 On the eighth day they came to circumcise(BQ) the child, and they were going to name him after his father Zechariah, 60 but his mother spoke up and said, “No! He is to be called John.”(BR)

61 They said to her, “There is no one among your relatives who has that name.”

62 Then they made signs(BS) to his father, to find out what he would like to name the child. 63 He asked for a writing tablet, and to everyone’s astonishment he wrote, “His name is John.”(BT) 64 Immediately his mouth was opened and his tongue set free, and he began to speak,(BU) praising God. 65 All the neighbors were filled with awe, and throughout the hill country of Judea(BV) people were talking about all these things. 66 Everyone who heard this wondered about it, asking, “What then is this child going to be?” For the Lord’s hand was with him.(BW)

Zechariah’s Song

67 His father Zechariah was filled with the Holy Spirit(BX) and prophesied:(BY)

68 “Praise be to the Lord, the God of Israel,(BZ)
    because he has come to his people and redeemed them.(CA)
69 He has raised up a horn[c](CB) of salvation for us
    in the house of his servant David(CC)
70 (as he said through his holy prophets of long ago),(CD)
71 salvation from our enemies
    and from the hand of all who hate us—
72 to show mercy to our ancestors(CE)
    and to remember his holy covenant,(CF)
73     the oath he swore to our father Abraham:(CG)
74 to rescue us from the hand of our enemies,
    and to enable us to serve him(CH) without fear(CI)
75     in holiness and righteousness(CJ) before him all our days.

76 And you, my child, will be called a prophet(CK) of the Most High;(CL)
    for you will go on before the Lord to prepare the way for him,(CM)
77 to give his people the knowledge of salvation
    through the forgiveness of their sins,(CN)
78 because of the tender mercy of our God,
    by which the rising sun(CO) will come to us from heaven
79 to shine on those living in darkness
    and in the shadow of death,(CP)
to guide our feet into the path of peace.”(CQ)

80 And the child grew and became strong in spirit[d];(CR) and he lived in the wilderness until he appeared publicly to Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Luke 1:1 Or been surely believed
  2. Luke 1:35 Or So the child to be born will be called holy,
  3. Luke 1:69 Horn here symbolizes a strong king.
  4. Luke 1:80 Or in the Spirit

Luke Writes About the Life of Jesus

Most Honorable Theophilus:

Many others have tried to give a report of the things that happened among us to complete God’s plan. What they have written agrees with what we learned from the people who saw those events from the beginning. They also served God by telling people his message. I studied it all carefully from the beginning. Then I decided to write it down for you in an organized way. I did this so that you can be sure that what you have been taught is true.

Zechariah and Elizabeth

During the time when Herod ruled Judea, there was a priest named Zechariah. He belonged to Abijah’s group.[a] His wife came from the family of Aaron. Her name was Elizabeth. Zechariah and Elizabeth were both good people who pleased God. They did everything the Lord commanded, always following his instructions completely. But they had no children. Elizabeth could not have a baby, and both of them were very old.

Zechariah was serving as a priest before God for his group. It was his group’s time to serve. The priests always chose one priest to offer the incense, and Zechariah was the one chosen this time. So he went into the Temple of the Lord to offer the incense. 10 There was a large crowd outside praying at the time the incense was offered.

11 Then, on the right side of the incense table, an angel of the Lord came and stood before Zechariah. 12 When he saw the angel, Zechariah was upset and very afraid. 13 But the angel said to him, “Zechariah, don’t be afraid. Your prayer has been heard by God. Your wife Elizabeth will give birth to a baby boy, and you will name him John. 14 You will be very happy, and many others will share your joy over his birth. 15 He will be a great man for the Lord. He will never drink wine or beer. Even before he is born, he will be filled with the Holy Spirit.

16 “John will help many people of Israel return to the Lord their God. 17 John himself will go ahead of the Lord and make people ready for his coming. He will be powerful like Elijah and will have the same spirit. He will make peace between fathers and their children. He will cause people who are not obeying God to change and start thinking the way they should.”

18 Zechariah said to the angel, “How can I know that what you say is true? I am an old man, and my wife is also old.”

19 The angel answered him, “I am Gabriel, the one who always stands ready before God. He sent me to talk to you and to tell you this good news. 20 Now, listen! You will not be able to talk until the day when these things happen. You will lose your speech because you did not believe what I told you. But everything I said will really happen.”

21 Outside, the people were still waiting for Zechariah. They were surprised that he was staying so long in the Temple. 22 Then Zechariah came outside, but he could not speak to them. So the people knew that he had seen a vision inside the Temple. He was not able to speak, so he could only make signs to the people. 23 When his time of service was finished, he went home.

24 Later, Zechariah’s wife Elizabeth became pregnant. So she did not go out of her house for five months. She said, 25 “Look what the Lord has done for me! He decided to help me. Now people will stop thinking there is something wrong with me.”

The Virgin Mary

26-27 During Elizabeth’s sixth month of pregnancy, God sent the angel Gabriel to a virgin girl who lived in Nazareth, a town in Galilee. She was engaged to marry a man named Joseph from the family of David. Her name was Mary. 28 The angel came to her and said, “Greetings! The Lord is with you; you are very special to him.”

29 But Mary was very confused about what the angel said. She wondered, “What does this mean?”

30 The angel said to her, “Don’t be afraid, Mary, because God is very pleased with you. 31 Listen! You will become pregnant and have a baby boy. You will name him Jesus. 32 He will be great. People will call him the Son of the Most High God, and the Lord God will make him king like his ancestor David. 33 He will rule over the people of Jacob forever; his kingdom will never end.”

34 Mary said to the angel, “How will this happen? I am still a virgin.”

35 The angel said to Mary, “The Holy Spirit will come to you, and the power of the Most High God will cover you. The baby will be holy and will be called the Son of God. 36 And here’s something else: Your relative Elizabeth is pregnant. She is very old, but she is going to have a son. Everyone thought she could not have a baby, but she has been pregnant now for six months. 37 God can do anything!”

38 Mary said, “I am the Lord’s servant. Let this thing you have said happen to me!” Then the angel went away.

Mary Visits Zechariah and Elizabeth

39 Mary got up and went quickly to a town in the hill country of Judea. 40 She went into Zechariah’s house and greeted Elizabeth. 41 When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the unborn baby inside her jumped, and she was filled with the Holy Spirit.

42 In a loud voice she said to Mary, “God has blessed you more than any other woman. And God has blessed the baby you will have. 43 You are the mother of my Lord, and you have come to me! Why has something so good happened to me? 44 When I heard your voice, the baby inside me jumped with joy. 45 Great blessings are yours because you believed what the Lord said to you! You believed this would happen.”

Mary Praises God

46 Then Mary said,

“I praise the Lord with all my heart.
47     I am very happy because God is my Savior.
48 I am not important,
    but he has shown his care for me, his lowly servant.
From now until the end of time,
    people will remember how much God blessed me.
49 Yes, the Powerful One has done great things for me.
    His name is very holy.
50 He always gives mercy
    to those who worship him.
51 He reached out his arm and showed his power.
    He scattered those who are proud and think great things about themselves.
52 He brought down rulers from their thrones
    and raised up the humble people.
53 He filled the hungry with good things,
    but he sent the rich away with nothing.
54 God has helped Israel—the people he chose to serve him.
    He did not forget his promise to give us his mercy.
55 He has done what he promised to our ancestors,
    to Abraham and his children forever.”

56 Mary stayed with Elizabeth for about three months and then went home.

The Birth of John

57 When it was time for Elizabeth to give birth, she had a boy. 58 Her neighbors and relatives heard that the Lord was very good to her, and they were happy for her.

59 When the baby was eight days old, they came to circumcise him. They wanted to name him Zechariah because this was his father’s name. 60 But his mother said, “No, he will be named John.”

61 The people said to Elizabeth, “But no one in your family has that name.” 62 Then they made signs to his father, “What would you like to name him?”

63 Zechariah asked for something to write on. Then he wrote, “His name is John.” Everyone was surprised. 64 Then Zechariah could talk again, and he began praising God. 65 And all their neighbors were afraid. In all the hill country of Judea, people continued talking about these things. 66 Everyone who heard about these things wondered about them. They thought, “What will this child be?” They could see that the Lord was with him.

Zechariah Praises God

67 Then Zechariah, John’s father, was filled with the Holy Spirit and told the people a message from God:

68 “Praise to the Lord God of Israel.
    He has come to help his people
    and has given them freedom.
69 He has given us a powerful Savior
    from the family of his servant David.
70 This is what he promised
    through his holy prophets long ago.
71 He will save us from our enemies
    and from the power of all those who hate us.
72 God said he would show mercy to our fathers,
    and he remembered his holy agreement.
73 This was the promise he made to our father Abraham,
74     a promise to free us from the power of our enemies,
so that we could serve him without fear
75     in a way that is holy and right for as long as we live.

76 “Now you, little boy, will be called a prophet of the Most High God.
    You will go first before the Lord to prepare the way for him.
77 You will make his people understand that they will be saved
    by having their sins forgiven.

78 “With the loving mercy of our God,
    a new day[b] from heaven will shine on us.
79 It will bring light to those who live in darkness, in the fear of death.
    It will guide us into the way that brings peace.”

80 And so the little boy John grew up and became stronger in spirit. Then he lived in areas away from other people until the time when he came out to tell God’s message to the people of Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Luke 1:5 Abijah’s group Jewish priests were divided into 24 groups. See 1 Chron. 24.
  2. Luke 1:78 new day Literally, “dawn,” used here as a symbol, probably meaning the Lord’s Messiah.