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Campaign against Bethulia

The Israelites Prepare To Resist[a]

Chapter 4

Defensive Preparations. When the Israelites living in Judea heard of everything that Holofernes, the commander-in-chief of King Nebuchadnezzar, had done to the nations, and how he had pillaged and destroyed all their temples, they were filled with unspeakable dread at his approach and greatly concerned over the fate of Jerusalem and of the temple of the Lord, their God. For they had just returned from exile a short time before, and only recently had the people of Judea been gathered together, with the sacred vessels, the altar, and the temple reconsecrated after their profanation.[b] Therefore, they notified the entire region of Samaria, Kona, Beth-horon, Belmain, and Jericho, Choba and Aesora, and the Valley of Salem. The people of those areas established outposts on the summits of the high mountains, fortified their villages, and stored up food supplies from the recently harvested fields in preparation for war.

Joakim, the high priest in Jerusalem at that time, wrote to the inhabitants of Bethulia and Betomesthaim, which is opposite Esdraelon, facing the plain near Dothan, ordering them to occupy the mountain passes, since they were the only means of access to Judea. Since the narrow approach would not allow more than two men to advance abreast of each other, there would be no difficulty in preventing the advance of the attacking forces. The Israelites carried out the orders issued by Joakim, the high priest, and by the senate[c] of the whole people of Israel in session at Jerusalem.

Prayer and Penance. At the same time, all the men of Israel cried out to God with great fervor, humbling themselves before him and fasting. 10 They, together with their wives and children, their livestock, and every resident alien, hired laborer, and slave, wrapped themselves in sackcloth. 11 And all the Israelite men, women, and children living in Jerusalem prostrated themselves in front of the temple, and with ashes on their heads they spread out their sackcloth before the Lord. 12 They even draped the altar in sackcloth, and with one voice they prayed fervently, imploring the God of Israel not to allow their children to be carried off and their wives to be taken captive, the towns they had inherited to be destroyed, and their temple to be profaned and desecrated for the heathens to gloat over.

13 The Lord heard their prayers and looked kindly on them in their distress. For the people fasted for many days throughout Judea and before the temple of the Lord Almighty in Jerusalem. 14 Joakim the high priest and all the priests stood in the presence of the Lord and ministered to him. They wore sackcloth around their loins as they offered the daily burnt offerings, the votive offerings, and the freewill offerings of the people. 15 With ashes on their turbans they cried out to the Lord with all their power, imploring him to look with favor on the whole house of Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Judith 4:1 The very center of religious life, the temple, is threatened. The author clearly combines the remembrance of the Babylonian Exile and recent history. The whole fate of Israel depends on Bethulia, the unknown city that receives the mission to stop the invader. It is imagined as an inaccessible fortress that bars the way to Jerusalem. The name may have been selected because it evokes “Bethel,” that is, the “house of God.” The other localities seem to have been freely taken from the accounts of Joshua’s conquests (Jos 6:1; 10:10; 11:1).
  2. Judith 4:3 See 1 Mac 4:36-61; 2 Mac 10:1-9. Against the chronology of things, the author places the return from the Exile and repopulation of Jerusalem (539–400 B.C.)—and apparently even the purification of the temple after the persecution of Antiochus IV Epiphanes—all within the lifetime of Nebuchadnezzar.
  3. Judith 4:8 Senate: a post-Exilic institution. As for Joakim, see Neh 12:10.

Then the sons of Israel, that dwelled in the land of Judea, heard these things, and they dreaded greatly of the face of Holofernes.

Also trembling and hideousness assailed the wits of them, lest he should do this thing to Jerusalem, and to the temple of the Lord, which thing he had done to other cities and temples of them. [Dread also and horror assailed the wits of them, lest that he should do to Jerusalem, and to the temple of the Lord, that (that) he had done to other cities and to their temples.]

And they sent into all Samaria, by compass till to Jericho, and before-occupied all the cops, (or the tops), or the heights, of the hills;

and they compassed their towns with walls, and gathered together wheat into the making ready of (or for) battle.

Also the (high) priest Joakim wrote to all men, that were dwelling (over) against Esdraelon, which is even against (or opposite) the face of the great field besides Dothan, and to all men by whom passage might be,

that they should hold [or they wield] the goings-up of the hills, by which hills a way to (or for) their enemies might be to Jerusalem, and that they should keep there, where (a) straight way might be perceived (or discovered) among the hills/by which way might be to Jerusalem, and that they should keep there, where (a) straight way might be among the hills.

And the sons of Israel did after this behest (or command), that Joakim, the (high) priest of the Lord, had ordained to them.

And all the people cried to the Lord with great instance, or hearty beseeching, and they and the women of them meeked their souls in fastings.

And the priests clothed themselves with hair-shirts, and the young children bowed themselves against (or towards) the face of the temple of the Lord, and they covered the altar of the Lord with an hair-shirt.

10 And they cried together to the Lord God of Israel, lest the children of them should be given into prey, and the wives of them into parting, or departing, by (the) violence of ravishers, and their cities into destroying, and their holy things into defouling (or their temple defiled). [And they cried to the Lord God of Israel all together, lest were given their children into prey, and their wives into division, and their cities into destruction, and the holy things of them into pollution.]

11 Then Joakim, the great priest of the Lord, compassed all Israel, and spake to them, and said,

12 Know ye, that the Lord shall hear your prayers, if ye dwelling dwell perfectly [or abide still] in fastings and in prayers in the sight of the Lord.

13 Be ye mindful of Moses, the servant of the Lord, which not in fighting with iron, but in praying with holy prayers, casted down Amalek (or the Amalekites) trusting in his virtue, or in his strength, and in his power, and in his host, and in his shields, and in his chariots, and in his knights; [Be-eth mindful of Moses, the servant of the Lord, that cast down Amalek trusting in his virtue, and in his might, and in his host, and in his targets, and in his chariots, and in his horsemen, not with iron fighting, but with holy prayers praying;]

14 and so shall all the enemies of Israel be cast down, if ye continue in this work, which ye have begun. [so shall be borne down all the enemies of Israel, if ye steadfastly abide in this work, that ye have begun.]

15 Therefore at this exciting, or stirring, of (or by) him the men of Israel prayed heartily to the Lord, and dwelled in the sight of the Lord, [Therefore at this exhortation of him they, praying the Lord, abode still in the sight of the Lord,]

16 so that also they, that offered burnt sacrifices to the Lord, were girt with hair-shirts, and they offered sacrifices to the Lord, and ashes were put upon their heads [or and there was ashes upon the head(s) of them].

17 And all men of all their heart (And everyone with all their hearts) prayed to the Lord, that he would visit his people Israel.

'Judith 4 ' not found for the version: New International Version.
'Judith 4 ' not found for the version: GOD’S WORD Translation.