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Unción de Jesús en Betania (Mt 26,6-13; Mc 14,3-9)

12 Seis días antes de la Pascua llegó Jesús a Betania, donde vivía Lázaro, el mismo a quien había resucitado de entre los muertos. Ofrecieron allí una cena en honor de Jesús. Marta servía la mesa y Lázaro era uno de los comensales. María tomó un frasco de perfume muy caro —casi medio litro de nardo puro— y lo derramó sobre los pies de Jesús; después los secó con sus cabellos. La casa entera se llenó de la fragancia de aquel perfume.

Entonces Judas Iscariote, el discípulo que iba a traicionar a Jesús, se quejó diciendo:

— Ese perfume ha debido costar el equivalente al jornal de todo un año. ¿Por qué no se ha vendido y se ha repartido el importe entre los pobres?

En realidad, a él los pobres lo traían sin cuidado; dijo esto porque era ladrón y, como tenía a su cargo la bolsa del dinero, robaba de lo que depositaban en ella. Jesús le dijo:

— ¡Déjala en paz! Esto lo tenía guardado con miras a mi sepultura. Además, a los pobres los tendrán siempre con ustedes; a mí en cambio, no siempre me tendrán.

También Lázaro debe morir

Un gran número de judíos se enteró de que Jesús estaba en Betania, y fueron allá, no sólo atraídos por Jesús, sino también para ver a Lázaro, a quien Jesús había resucitado. 10 Los jefes de los sacerdotes tomaron entonces la decisión de eliminar también a Lázaro, 11 pues, por su causa, muchos judíos se alejaban de ellos y creían en Jesús.

Entrada triunfal en Jerusalén (Mt 21,1-11; Mc 11,1-11; Lc 19,28-40)

12 Al día siguiente, muchos de los que habían acudido a la fiesta, al enterarse de que Jesús se acercaba a Jerusalén, 13 cortaron ramos de palmera y salieron a su encuentro gritando:

— ¡Viva! ¡Bendito el que viene en nombre del Señor! ¡Bendito sea el rey de Israel!

14 Jesús encontró a mano un asno y montó sobre él. Así lo había predicho la Escritura:

15 No temas, Jerusalén;
mira, tu rey viene a ti
montado sobre un asno.

16 Sus discípulos no entendieron entonces el significado de este gesto; solamente después, cuando Jesús fue glorificado, recordaron que aquello que habían hecho con Jesús ya estaba escrito de antemano sobre él. 17 Y la gente que estaba con él cuando resucitó a Lázaro y mandó que saliera del sepulcro, contaba también lo que había visto. 18 Así que una multitud, impresionada por el relato del milagro, salió en masa al encuentro de Jesús. 19 En vista de ello, los fariseos comentaban entre sí:

— Ya ven que no conseguimos nada; todo el mundo lo sigue.

Unos griegos quieren ver a Jesús

20 Entre los que habían llegado a Jerusalén para dar culto a Dios con ocasión de la fiesta, se encontraban algunos griegos. 21 Estos se acercaron a Felipe, el de Betsaida de Galilea, y le dijeron:

— Señor, quisiéramos ver a Jesús.

22 Felipe se lo dijo a Andrés, y los dos juntos se lo notificaron a Jesús. 23 Jesús les dijo:

— Ha llegado la hora en que el Hijo del hombre va a ser glorificado. 24 Les aseguro que si un grano de trigo no cae en tierra y muere, seguirá siendo un único grano. Pero si muere, producirá fruto abundante. 25 Quien vive preocupado solamente por su vida, terminará por perderla; en cambio, quien no se apegue a ella en este mundo, la conservará para la vida eterna. 26 Si alguien quiere servirme, que me siga. Correrá la misma suerte que yo. Y todo el que me sirva será honrado por mi Padre.

Jesús habla de su muerte

27 Me encuentro ahora profundamente turbado; pero ¿acaso pediré al Padre que me libre de este trance? ¡Si precisamente he venido para vivir esta hora! 28 Padre, glorifica tu nombre.

Entonces se oyó una voz venida del cielo:

— Ya lo he glorificado y volveré a glorificarlo.

29 De la multitud que estaba allí presente y que oyó la voz, unos pensaban que había sido un trueno, y otros, que le había hablado un ángel. 30 Jesús aclaró:

— Esa voz no hablaba para mí, sino para que la oyeran ustedes. 31 Es ahora cuando este mundo va a ser condenado; es ahora cuando el que tiraniza a este mundo va a ser vencido. 32 Y cuando yo haya sido elevado sobre la tierra, atraeré a todos hacia mí.

33 Con esta afirmación, Jesús quiso dar a entender la forma de muerte que le esperaba. 34 La gente replicó:

— Nuestra ley nos enseña que el Mesías no morirá nunca. ¿Cómo dices tú que el Hijo del hombre tiene que ser elevado sobre la tierra? ¿Quién es ese Hijo del hombre?

35 Jesús les respondió:

— Todavía está la luz entre ustedes, pero no por mucho tiempo. Mientras tienen luz, caminen para que no los sorprendan las tinieblas. Porque el que camina en la oscuridad no sabe a dónde se dirige. 36 Mientras tengan luz, crean en ella para que la luz oriente su vida.

Después de decir esto, Jesús se retiró, escondiéndose de ellos.

Jesús, signo de contradicción

37 A pesar de haber visto con sus propios ojos los grandes milagros que Jesús había hecho, no creían en él. 38 Así se cumplió lo dicho por el profeta Isaías:

Señor, ¿quién ha creído nuestro mensaje?
¿A quién ha sido manifestado el poder del Señor?

39 El mismo Isaías había indicado la razón de su falta de fe:

40 Dios ha oscurecido sus ojos
y endurecido su corazón,
de tal manera que sus ojos no ven
y su inteligencia no comprende;
así que no se vuelven a mí
para que yo los cure.

41 Isaías dijo esto porque había visto la gloria de Jesús, y por eso hablaba de él.

42 A pesar de todo, fueron muchos, incluso entre los jefes judíos, los que creyeron en Jesús. Pero no se atrevían a manifestarlo públicamente, porque temían que los fariseos los expulsaran de la sinagoga. 43 Apreciaban más tener una buena reputación ante la gente, que tenerla ante Dios.

Juzgados por el mensaje de Jesús

44 Jesús, entonces, proclamó:

— El que cree en mí, no solamente cree en mí, sino también en el que me ha enviado; 45 y al verme a mí, ve también al que me ha enviado. 46 Yo soy luz y he venido al mundo para que todo el que cree en mí no siga en las tinieblas. 47 No seré yo quien condene al que escuche mis palabras y no haga caso de ellas, porque yo no he venido para condenar al mundo, sino para salvarlo. 48 Quien me rechaza y no acepta mis palabras tiene ya quien lo juzgue: mi propio mensaje lo condenará en el último día. 49 Porque yo no hablo por mi cuenta; el Padre, que me ha enviado, es quien me ha ordenado lo que debo decir y enseñar. 50 Yo sé que sus mandamientos contienen vida eterna. Por eso, yo enseño lo que me ha dicho el Padre.

Jesus Anointed at Bethany(A)

12 Six days before the Passover,(B) Jesus came to Bethany,(C) where Lazarus lived, whom Jesus had raised from the dead. Here a dinner was given in Jesus’ honor. Martha served,(D) while Lazarus was among those reclining at the table with him. Then Mary took about a pint[a] of pure nard, an expensive perfume;(E) she poured it on Jesus’ feet and wiped his feet with her hair.(F) And the house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume.

But one of his disciples, Judas Iscariot, who was later to betray him,(G) objected, “Why wasn’t this perfume sold and the money given to the poor? It was worth a year’s wages.[b] He did not say this because he cared about the poor but because he was a thief; as keeper of the money bag,(H) he used to help himself to what was put into it.

“Leave her alone,” Jesus replied. “It was intended that she should save this perfume for the day of my burial.(I) You will always have the poor among you,[c](J) but you will not always have me.”

Meanwhile a large crowd of Jews found out that Jesus was there and came, not only because of him but also to see Lazarus, whom he had raised from the dead.(K) 10 So the chief priests made plans to kill Lazarus as well, 11 for on account of him(L) many of the Jews were going over to Jesus and believing in him.(M)

Jesus Comes to Jerusalem as King(N)

12 The next day the great crowd that had come for the festival heard that Jesus was on his way to Jerusalem. 13 They took palm branches(O) and went out to meet him, shouting,

“Hosanna![d]

“Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord!”[e](P)

“Blessed is the king of Israel!”(Q)

14 Jesus found a young donkey and sat on it, as it is written:

15 “Do not be afraid, Daughter Zion;
    see, your king is coming,
    seated on a donkey’s colt.”[f](R)

16 At first his disciples did not understand all this.(S) Only after Jesus was glorified(T) did they realize that these things had been written about him and that these things had been done to him.

17 Now the crowd that was with him(U) when he called Lazarus from the tomb and raised him from the dead continued to spread the word. 18 Many people, because they had heard that he had performed this sign,(V) went out to meet him. 19 So the Pharisees said to one another, “See, this is getting us nowhere. Look how the whole world has gone after him!”(W)

Jesus Predicts His Death

20 Now there were some Greeks(X) among those who went up to worship at the festival. 21 They came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida(Y) in Galilee, with a request. “Sir,” they said, “we would like to see Jesus.” 22 Philip went to tell Andrew; Andrew and Philip in turn told Jesus.

23 Jesus replied, “The hour(Z) has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.(AA) 24 Very truly I tell you, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies,(AB) it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds. 25 Anyone who loves their life will lose it, while anyone who hates their life in this world will keep it(AC) for eternal life.(AD) 26 Whoever serves me must follow me; and where I am, my servant also will be.(AE) My Father will honor the one who serves me.

27 “Now my soul is troubled,(AF) and what shall I say? ‘Father,(AG) save me from this hour’?(AH) No, it was for this very reason I came to this hour. 28 Father, glorify your name!”

Then a voice came from heaven,(AI) “I have glorified it, and will glorify it again.” 29 The crowd that was there and heard it said it had thundered; others said an angel had spoken to him.

30 Jesus said, “This voice was for your benefit,(AJ) not mine. 31 Now is the time for judgment on this world;(AK) now the prince of this world(AL) will be driven out. 32 And I, when I am lifted up[g] from the earth,(AM) will draw all people to myself.”(AN) 33 He said this to show the kind of death he was going to die.(AO)

34 The crowd spoke up, “We have heard from the Law(AP) that the Messiah will remain forever,(AQ) so how can you say, ‘The Son of Man(AR) must be lifted up’?(AS) Who is this ‘Son of Man’?”

35 Then Jesus told them, “You are going to have the light(AT) just a little while longer. Walk while you have the light,(AU) before darkness overtakes you.(AV) Whoever walks in the dark does not know where they are going. 36 Believe in the light while you have the light, so that you may become children of light.”(AW) When he had finished speaking, Jesus left and hid himself from them.(AX)

Belief and Unbelief Among the Jews

37 Even after Jesus had performed so many signs(AY) in their presence, they still would not believe in him. 38 This was to fulfill the word of Isaiah the prophet:

“Lord, who has believed our message
    and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”[h](AZ)

39 For this reason they could not believe, because, as Isaiah says elsewhere:

40 “He has blinded their eyes
    and hardened their hearts,
so they can neither see with their eyes,
    nor understand with their hearts,
    nor turn—and I would heal them.”[i](BA)

41 Isaiah said this because he saw Jesus’ glory(BB) and spoke about him.(BC)

42 Yet at the same time many even among the leaders believed in him.(BD) But because of the Pharisees(BE) they would not openly acknowledge their faith for fear they would be put out of the synagogue;(BF) 43 for they loved human praise(BG) more than praise from God.(BH)

44 Then Jesus cried out, “Whoever believes in me does not believe in me only, but in the one who sent me.(BI) 45 The one who looks at me is seeing the one who sent me.(BJ) 46 I have come into the world as a light,(BK) so that no one who believes in me should stay in darkness.

47 “If anyone hears my words but does not keep them, I do not judge that person. For I did not come to judge the world, but to save the world.(BL) 48 There is a judge for the one who rejects me and does not accept my words; the very words I have spoken will condemn them(BM) at the last day. 49 For I did not speak on my own, but the Father who sent me commanded me(BN) to say all that I have spoken. 50 I know that his command leads to eternal life.(BO) So whatever I say is just what the Father has told me to say.”(BP)

Footnotes

  1. John 12:3 Or about 0.5 liter
  2. John 12:5 Greek three hundred denarii
  3. John 12:8 See Deut. 15:11.
  4. John 12:13 A Hebrew expression meaning “Save!” which became an exclamation of praise
  5. John 12:13 Psalm 118:25,26
  6. John 12:15 Zech. 9:9
  7. John 12:32 The Greek for lifted up also means exalted.
  8. John 12:38 Isaiah 53:1
  9. John 12:40 Isaiah 6:10

Mary Anoints Jesus at Bethany

12 Six days before (A)the Passover, (B)Jesus therefore came to Bethany, (C)where Lazarus was, whom Jesus had raised from the dead. So they gave a dinner for him there. (D)Martha served, and Lazarus was one of those reclining with him at table. (E)Mary therefore took a pound[a] of expensive ointment made from pure nard, and anointed the feet of Jesus and wiped his feet with her hair. The house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume. But Judas Iscariot, one of his disciples (he who was about to betray him), said, “Why was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii[b] and (F)given to the poor?” He said this, not because he cared about the poor, but because he was a thief, and (G)having charge of the moneybag he used to help himself to what was put into it. Jesus said, “Leave her alone, so that she may keep it[c] for the day of my burial. For the poor you always have with you, but you do not always have me.”

The Plot to Kill Lazarus

When the large crowd of the Jews learned that Jesus[d] was there, they came, not only on account of him but also to see Lazarus, (H)whom he had raised from the dead. 10 (I)So the chief priests made plans to put Lazarus to death as well, 11 because (J)on account of him many of the Jews were going away and believing in Jesus.

The Triumphal Entry

12 The next day (K)the large crowd that had come to the feast heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem. 13 So they took branches of (L)palm trees and went out to meet him, crying out, (M)“Hosanna! Blessed is (N)he who comes in the name of the Lord, even (O)the King of Israel!” 14 And Jesus found a young donkey and sat on it, just as it is written,

15 (P)“Fear not, daughter of Zion;
behold, your king is coming,
    sitting on a donkey's colt!”

16 (Q)His disciples did not understand these things at first, but (R)when Jesus was glorified, then (S)they remembered that these things had been written about him and had been done to him. 17 (T)The crowd that had been with him when he called Lazarus out of the tomb and raised him from the dead continued to bear witness. 18 The reason why the crowd went to meet him (U)was that they heard he had done this sign. 19 So the Pharisees said to one another, (V)“You see that you are gaining nothing. Look, (W)the world has gone after him.”

Some Greeks Seek Jesus

20 Now (X)among those who went up to worship at the feast were some (Y)Greeks. 21 So these came to (Z)Philip, who was from Bethsaida in Galilee, and asked him, “Sir, we wish to see Jesus.” 22 Philip went and told (AA)Andrew; Andrew and Philip went and told Jesus. 23 And Jesus answered them, (AB)“The hour has come (AC)for the Son of Man to be glorified. 24 Truly, truly, I say to you, (AD)unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains alone; but if it dies, it bears much fruit. 25 (AE)Whoever loves his life loses it, and (AF)whoever (AG)hates his life in this world will keep it for eternal life. 26 If anyone serves me, he must (AH)follow me; and (AI)where I am, there will my servant be also. (AJ)If anyone serves me, (AK)the Father will honor him.

The Son of Man Must Be Lifted Up

27 (AL)“Now is my soul troubled. And what shall I say? ‘Father, (AM)save me from (AN)this hour’? But (AO)for this purpose I have come to (AP)this hour. 28 Father, glorify your name.” Then (AQ)a voice came from heaven: “I have glorified it, and I will glorify it again.” 29 The crowd that stood there and heard it said that it had thundered. Others said, (AR)“An angel has spoken to him.” 30 Jesus answered, (AS)“This voice has come for your sake, not mine. 31 (AT)Now is the judgment of this world; now will (AU)the ruler of this world (AV)be cast out. 32 And I, (AW)when I am lifted up from the earth, (AX)will draw (AY)all people to myself.” 33 He said this (AZ)to show by what kind of death he was going to die. 34 So the crowd answered him, “We have heard from the Law that (BA)the Christ remains forever. How can you say that (BB)the Son of Man must be lifted up? Who is this Son of Man?” 35 So Jesus said to them, (BC)“The light is among you (BD)for a little while longer. (BE)Walk while you have the light, lest darkness (BF)overtake you. (BG)The one who walks in the darkness does not know where he is going. 36 While you have the light, believe in the light, that you may become (BH)sons of light.”

The Unbelief of the People

When Jesus had said these things, he departed and hid himself from them. 37 Though he had done so many signs before them, they still did not believe in him, 38 (BI)so that the word spoken by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled:

(BJ)“Lord, who has believed what he heard from us,
    and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”

39 Therefore they (BK)could not believe. For again Isaiah said,

40 (BL)“He has blinded their eyes
    and (BM)hardened their heart,
lest they see with their eyes,
    and understand with their heart, and turn,
    and I would heal them.”

41 Isaiah said these things because (BN)he saw his glory and (BO)spoke of him. 42 Nevertheless, (BP)many even of the authorities believed in him, but (BQ)for fear of the Pharisees they did not (BR)confess it, so that they would not be (BS)put out of the synagogue; 43 (BT)for they loved the glory that comes from man more than the glory that comes from God.

Jesus Came to Save the World

44 And Jesus cried out and said, (BU)“Whoever believes in me, believes not in me but (BV)in him who sent me. 45 And (BW)whoever (BX)sees me sees him who sent me. 46 (BY)I have come into the world as light, so that whoever believes in me may not remain in darkness. 47 If anyone (BZ)hears my words and does not keep them, (CA)I do not judge him; for (CB)I did not come to judge the world but to save the world. 48 (CC)The one who rejects me and does not receive my words has a judge; (CD)the word that I have spoken will judge him (CE)on the last day. 49 For (CF)I have not spoken on my own authority, but the Father (CG)who sent me has himself given me (CH)a commandment—what to say and what to speak. 50 And I know that his commandment is eternal life. What I say, therefore, I say as the Father has told me.”

Footnotes

  1. John 12:3 Greek litra; a litra (or Roman pound) was equal to about 11 1/2 ounces or 327 grams
  2. John 12:5 A denarius was a day's wage for a laborer
  3. John 12:7 Or Leave her alone; she intended to keep it
  4. John 12:9 Greek he