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The Light of the World[a]

Jesus, Sign of Contradiction

Chapter 7

Jesus’ Time Has Not Yet Been Fulfilled.[b] After this, Jesus resumed his travels throughout Galilee. He did not want to go about in Judea because the Jews were seeking to kill him.

However, when the Jewish feast of Tabernacles was drawing near, his brethren[c] said to him, “Depart from here and go into Judea so that your disciples can perceive the works you are doing. No one who wishes to be publicly known acts in secret. Since you are doing these things, reveal yourself to the world.” For not even his brethren believed in him. Jesus answered them,

“My time has not yet come,
but your time is always right.
The world cannot hate you,
but it does hate me
because I testify against it
that its works are evil.
Go up to the feast yourselves.
I am not going to this feast,
because my time has not yet fully come.”

After he had said this, he stayed behind in Galilee. 10 Later, however, after his brethren had gone up to the feast, he himself also went, not publicly, but in secret.

11 During the feast the Jews were looking for him and asking, “Where is he?” 12 There was widespread murmuring about him among the crowds. Some maintained, “He is a good man,” but others insisted, “No, for he is leading the people astray.” 13 However, no one spoke openly about him for fear of the Jews.

14 Do Not Judge by Appearances.[d] When the feast was half over, Jesus went up into the temple and began to teach. 15 The Jews were astonished, and they wondered, “How has this man acquired such knowledge when he has never studied?”[e] 16 Jesus answered them,

“My teaching is not my own;
rather, it comes from him who sent me.
17 Anyone who resolves to do his will
will know whether my teaching comes from God
or whether I am speaking on my own authority.
18 Whoever speaks on his own authority
is simply seeking his own glory,
but whoever seeks the glory
of the one who sent him
is a truthful person,
and there is no dishonesty in him.
19 “Did not Moses give you the Law?
And not one of you keeps the Law.
Why are you trying to kill me?”

20 The crowd shouted, “You are possessed! Who is trying to kill you?” 21 Jesus replied,

“I performed a single work,[f]
and all of you are astonished.
22 Moses gave you circumcision
—although it did not originate with Moses
but with the patriarchs—
and you circumcise a man on the Sabbath.
23 Now if a man can be circumcised on the Sabbath
so that the Law of Moses may not be broken,
why are you angry with me
for making a man’s entire body
completely healthy on the Sabbath?
24 Do not base your judgment on appearances;
judge according to what is right.”

25 Where Is Jesus from and Where Is He Going?[g] Then some of the inhabitants of Jerusalem said, “Is this not the man they are trying to kill? 26 And yet he is speaking publicly, and they say nothing to him! Can it be that the authorities realize that he is the Christ? 27 And yet we know where this man is from. But when the Christ appears, no one will know where he is from.”

28 Then Jesus cried out as he was teaching in the temple,

“You know me,
and you also know where I am from.
Yet I have not come of my own accord,
but he who sent me is true.
You do not know him,
29 but I know him
because I am from him
and it was he who sent me.”

30 So they tried to arrest him, but no one laid a hand on him because his hour had not yet come. 31 Yet many in the crowd believed in him, and they said, “When the Christ comes, will he perform more signs than this man has accomplished?”

32 When the Pharisees overheard the crowd murmuring about him, the chief priests and the Pharisees sent temple guards to arrest him. 33 Jesus then said,

“I will remain with you
only for a short time longer,
and then I shall return
to him who sent me.
34 You will search for me,
but you will not find me,
for where I am you cannot come.”

35 The Jews said to one another, “Where does this man intend to go that we will not be able to find him? Will he go abroad to the people who are dispersed among the Greeks and teach the Greeks? 36 What does he mean when he says, ‘You will search for me, but you will be unable to find me,’ and ‘Where I am you cannot come’?”

37 Streams of Living Water.[h][i]On the last and greatest day of the feast, Jesus stood up and cried out,

“If anyone is thirsty,
let him come to me and drink.
38 Whoever believes in me,
as Scripture has said,
‘Streams of living water
shall flow from within him.’ ”

39 Now he was referring here to the Spirit whom those who believed in him were to receive. As yet the Spirit had not been bestowed because Jesus had not yet been glorified.

40 People Are Divided concerning Jesus.[j] On hearing these words, some in the crowd said, “This must truly be the Prophet.” 41 Others thought, “This is the Christ.” But still others retorted, “How can the Christ come from Galilee? 42 Does not Scripture assert that the Christ will be of the seed of David and come from Bethlehem, the city where David lived?” 43 As a result, the crowd was sharply divided because of him. 44 Some of them even wanted to arrest him, but no one laid a hand on him.

45 Then the temple guards went back to the chief priests and the Pharisees, who asked them, “Why did you not arrest him?” 46 The guards answered, “No one has ever spoken as this man has.” 47 Then the Pharisees said, “Have you also been deceived? 48 Has any one of the authorities or of the Pharisees come to believe in him? 49 As for this crowd, they do not know the Law—they are cursed.”

50 One of them, Nicodemus, who had previously come to Jesus, said to them, 51 “Does our Law allow us to pass judgment on someone without first giving him a hearing to ascertain what he is doing?” 52 They replied, “Are you too a Galilean? Look it up, and you will find that no prophet is to arise from Galilee.”

Chapter 8

Jesus, Savior of Sinners

A Woman Caught in Adultery.[k] [7:53Then each of them returned home.

Footnotes

  1. John 7:1 The feast of Tabernacles, one of the most important Jewish solemnities, was a harvest festival. There was also a commemoration of the miraculous deeds that God had done for his people in the wilderness, with a joyous feast of lamps, a festival of lights. The feast was the ideal setting in which to present Christ as the Word of God who had come to enlighten and save everyone.
  2. John 7:1 From now on the threat of death hangs over Jesus and creates tension for him. The tension has to be relieved as quickly as possible. A gathering of people in Jerusalem would be a good occasion for rallying them and neutralizing the adversaries. An impressive public manifestation by Jesus would also be helpful; people would at least know what to make of him. So reason the “brethren” of Jesus—that is, the relatives if not the disciples.
    But these perspectives of glory have no hold on Jesus. He has come to fulfill God’s plan; this is not the same as looking for a temporary success. He also has come to turn back the course of evil, falsehood, and hatred in the world. Jesus overcame the hatred of the world by handing himself over to it.
  3. John 7:3 Brethren: i.e., according to Hebrew idiom, close relatives. See note on Mt 12:46.
  4. John 7:14 Personal success is never the motive for an action of Jesus. His words and his miracles testify that he is the messenger of the Father. Jesus lives by this testimony, of which he is convinced, and does not defend any doctrine of a school or group; one care alone impels him: that the Father’s plan for us be recognized and fulfilled.
    Only those will understand Jesus who take the Law seriously in its deep inspiration and know the price of fidelity to God. But those who accuse Jesus of violating the Law and take upon themselves the authority to condemn him fail to recognize him.
  5. John 7:15 The people want to know how Jesus can teach like a rabbi, when he was never trained by one and never quotes his teacher.
  6. John 7:21 A single work: the work of which Jesus speaks may be the cure of the paralytic that is recounted in Jn 5:1-15.
  7. John 7:25 The new prophet intrigues the people. He is one of theirs, yet claims an origin that does not cease to be mysterious. Some of the people are tempted to recognize him as the Messiah. The official authorities rebel against this temptation and want him arrested. In veiled words, Jesus announces his return to the Father (vv. 33-34). The authorities see this as an attempt to flee Palestine.
    In all these contrasts there is perhaps some irony. Jesus escapes the people who want to place him in their preconceived ideas, just as he escapes the people who want to lay hands on him. Jesus can be talked about endlessly; it is quite another thing to accept his mystery.
  8. John 7:37 The last day was for the pilgrims a festival of water. How many symbolic meanings water evokes! Water had flowed miraculously from the rock in the midst of the wilderness to slake the thirst of the Hebrews (Ex 17:1-7). The Prophets had foretold a spring that would some day open in the midst of the people (Ezek 47:1; Zec 14:8). In all areas affected by drought, water is a sign of life and joy; it is a gift of God. Christians think of Pentecost and Baptism.
  9. John 7:37 An alternative reading and translation is: “If anyone is thirsty, let him come to me, and let him who believes in me drink. As Scripture has said. . . .” In this second reading, the Scripture passage refers to Jesus and not to the believer. See Ps 105:41; Isa 44:3; 48:21; Ezek 36:25; Joel 3:1; etc.
  10. John 7:40 The upper class felt only contempt for the ordinary people. How could one accept a Messiah who came from distant Galilee, where Jews mingled with Gentiles and were cut off from the heart of Jewish life? Some justified their rejection by citing passages of the Law, but there were others who appealed to the spirit of the Law.
  11. John 7:53 This story is missing in a number of ancient manuscripts and is inserted at other points in others; it does not seem to be from the author of the fourth Gospel, for it is written in quite a different style. However, it has been accepted by the Church as the work of an inspired author.
    We are struck by the portrait of Jesus found herein: his silence, his sober gesture, his refusal to use religion as a pretext to spy on and judge others, and his courage to proclaim his own truth. It is pointless to ask what he wrote on the ground. Let us dwell on what he considered the Law to be: it condemns sin not so that people may judge one another but so that they may feel the need to be saved by God. And it is to this salvation that he bears witness.

Jesús va a la fiesta de los Tabernáculos

Algún tiempo después, Jesús andaba por Galilea. No tenía ningún interés en ir a Judea, porque allí los judíos buscaban la oportunidad para matarlo. Faltaba poco tiempo para la fiesta judía de los Tabernáculos,[a] así que los hermanos de Jesús le dijeron:

―Deberías salir de aquí e ir a Judea, para que tus discípulos vean las obras que realizas, porque nadie que quiera darse a conocer actúa en secreto. Ya que haces estas cosas, deja que el mundo te conozca.

Lo cierto es que ni siquiera sus hermanos creían en él. Por eso Jesús les dijo:

―Para vosotros cualquier tiempo es bueno, pero mi tiempo aún no ha llegado. El mundo no tiene motivos para aborreceros; a mí, sin embargo, me aborrece porque yo testifico que sus obras son malas. Subid vosotros a la fiesta. Yo no voy todavía[b] a esta fiesta porque mi tiempo aún no ha llegado.

Dicho esto, se quedó en Galilea. 10 Sin embargo, cuando sus hermanos hubieron subido a la fiesta, fue también él, no públicamente, sino en secreto. 11 Por eso las autoridades judías lo buscaban durante la fiesta, y decían: «¿Dónde se habrá metido?»

12 Entre la multitud corrían muchos rumores acerca de él. Unos decían: «Es una buena persona». Otros alegaban: «No, lo que pasa es que engaña a la gente». 13 Sin embargo, por temor a los judíos, nadie hablaba de él abiertamente.

Jesús enseña en la fiesta

14 Jesús esperó hasta la mitad de la fiesta para subir al templo y comenzar a enseñar. 15 Los judíos se admiraban y decían: «¿De dónde sacó este tantos conocimientos sin haber estudiado?»

16 ―Mi enseñanza no es mía —replicó Jesús—, sino del que me envió. 17 El que esté dispuesto a hacer la voluntad de Dios reconocerá si mi enseñanza proviene de Dios o si yo hablo por mi propia cuenta. 18 El que habla por cuenta propia busca su vanagloria; en cambio, el que busca glorificar al que lo envió es una persona íntegra y sin doblez. 19 ¿No os ha dado Moisés la ley a vosotros? Sin embargo, ninguno de vosotros la cumple. ¿Por qué tratáis entonces de matarme?

20 ―Estás endemoniado —contestó la multitud—. ¿Quién quiere matarte?

21 ―Hice un milagro y todos vosotros os asombrasteis. 22 Por eso Moisés os dio la circuncisión, que en realidad no proviene de Moisés, sino de los patriarcas, y aun en sábado la practicáis. 23 Ahora bien, si para cumplir la ley de Moisés circuncidáis a un varón incluso en sábado, ¿por qué os enfurecéis conmigo si en sábado lo sano por completo? 24 No juzguéis por las apariencias; juzgad con justicia.

¿Es este el Cristo?

25 Algunos de los que vivían en Jerusalén comentaban: «¿No es este al que quieren matar? 26 Ahí está, hablando abiertamente, y nadie le dice nada. ¿Será que las autoridades se han convencido de que es el Cristo? 27 Nosotros sabemos de dónde viene este hombre, pero cuando venga el Cristo nadie sabrá su procedencia».

28 Por eso Jesús, que seguía enseñando en el templo, exclamó:

―¡Con que me conocéis y sabéis de dónde vengo! No he venido por mi propia cuenta, sino que me envió uno que es digno de confianza. Vosotros no lo conocéis, 29 pero yo sí lo conozco porque vengo de parte suya, y él mismo me ha enviado.

30 Entonces quisieron arrestarlo, pero nadie le echó mano, porque aún no había llegado su hora. 31 Con todo, muchos de entre la multitud creyeron en él y decían: «Cuando venga el Cristo, ¿acaso va a hacer más señales que este hombre?»

32 Los fariseos oyeron a la multitud que murmuraba estas cosas acerca de él, y junto con los jefes de los sacerdotes mandaron unos guardias del templo para arrestarlo.

33 ―Estaré con vosotros un poco más de tiempo —afirmó Jesús—, y luego volveré al que me envió. 34 Me buscaréis, pero no me encontraréis, porque adonde yo esté no podréis llegar vosotros.

35 «¿Dónde piensa irse este para que no podamos encontrarlo? —comentaban entre sí los judíos—. ¿Será que piensa ir a nuestra gente dispersa entre las naciones,[c] para enseñar a los griegos? 36 ¿Qué quiso decir con eso de que “me buscaréis, pero no me encontraréis”, y “adonde yo esté no podréis llegar vosotros”?»

Jesús en el último día de la fiesta

37 En el último día, el más solemne de la fiesta, Jesús se puso de pie y exclamó:

―¡Si alguno tiene sed, que venga a mí y beba! 38 De aquel que cree en mí, como dice[d] la Escritura, brotarán ríos de agua viva.

39 Con esto se refería al Espíritu que habrían de recibir más tarde los que creyeran en él. Hasta ese momento el Espíritu no había sido dado, porque Jesús no había sido glorificado todavía.

40 Al oír sus palabras, algunos de entre la multitud decían: «Verdaderamente este es el profeta». 41 Otros afirmaban: «¡Es el Cristo!» Pero otros objetaban: «¿Cómo puede el Cristo venir de Galilea? 42 ¿Acaso no dice la Escritura que el Cristo vendrá de la descendencia de David, y de Belén, el pueblo de donde era David?» 43 Por causa de Jesús la gente estaba dividida. 44 Algunos querían arrestarlo, pero nadie le puso las manos encima.

Incredulidad de los dirigentes judíos

45 Los guardias del templo volvieron a los jefes de los sacerdotes y a los fariseos, quienes los interrogaron:

―¿Se puede saber por qué no lo habéis traído?

46 ―¡Nunca nadie ha hablado como ese hombre! —declararon los guardias.

47 ―¿Así que también vosotros os habéis dejado engañar? —replicaron los fariseos—. 48 ¿Acaso ha creído en él alguno de los gobernantes o de los fariseos? 49 ¡No! Pero esta gente, que no sabe nada de la ley, está bajo maldición.

50 Nicodemo, que era uno de ellos y que antes había ido a ver a Jesús, les interpeló:

51 ―¿Acaso nuestra ley condena a un hombre sin antes escucharlo y averiguar lo que hace?

52 ―¿No eres tú también de Galilea? —protestaron—. Investiga y verás que de Galilea no ha salido ningún profeta.[e]

53 Entonces todos se fueron a casa.

Footnotes

  1. 7:2 los Tabernáculos. Alt. las Enramadas.
  2. 7:8 Var. no incluye: todavía.
  3. 7:35 nuestra … naciones. Lit. la diáspora de los griegos.
  4. 7:37-38 que venga … como dice. Alt. que venga a mí! ¡Y que beba 38 el que cree en mí! De él, como dice.
  5. 7:52 Los mss. más antiguos y otros testimonios de la antigüedad no incluyen Jn 7:53–8:11. En algunos códices y versiones que contienen el relato de la adúltera, esta sección aparece en diferentes lugares; por ejemplo, después de 7:44, o al final de este evangelio, o después de Lc 21:38.