Add parallel Print Page Options

Chapter 39

The Mountain Goat and the Deer

“Do you know when the mountain goats give birth?
    Have you ever observed deer in labor?
Can you accurately number the months that they carry their young
    or know the time of their delivery
when they crouch down to give birth
    and deliver their offspring?
Once their fawns grow strong and become independent,
    they go forth on their own and do not return.

The Wild Donkey and the Wild Ox

“Who has given the wild donkey its freedom?
    Who has untied its ropes?
I gave it the wastelands as its home
    and the salt flats for its dwelling.
It scorns the noise of the city;
    it is not forced to obey a driver’s shouted order.
The mountains are the pasture over which it ranges
    in search of any green foliage.
“Is the wild ox willing to serve you?
    Will it stay by your manger during the night?
10 Can you use ropes to harness its strength?
    Will it harrow the furrows after you?
11 Can you depend upon its massive strength
    to do your heavy work?
12 Can you rely upon it to return home
    and bring your grain to your threshing floor?

The Ostrich and the Horse[a]

13 “The wings of an ostrich are ineffectual,
    since its pinions and its plumage are scanty.
14 It leaves its eggs on the ground
    and depends on the earth to warm them,
15 forgetting that a foot may crush them
    or that a wild animal may trample upon them.
16 It cruelly disowns its young
    as if they were not its own,
    unconcerned if its labor has been wasted.
17 For God has denied it wisdom
    and deprived it of understanding.
18 Yet with its swiftness of foot
    it leaves both horse and rider in the dust.
19 “Do you give the horse its strength?
    Have you clothed its neck with a mane?
20 Do you make it leap like a locust,
    striking terror with its proud snorting?
21 It paws the plain jubilantly and prances
    as it charges the battle line with all its strength.
22 It laughs at fear and is frightened of nothing;
    it does not shy away when confronted with the sword.
23 “The quiver rattles at its side;
    the spear and the javelin flash.
24 Trembling with eagerness it eats up the ground,
    and when the trumpet sounds, there is no holding it back.
25 At each blast of the trumpet it cries ‘Aha!’
    From afar it scents the battle,
    the shouts of the commanders, and the war cries.

The Hawk and the Eagle

26 “Did your wisdom enable the hawk to soar
    as it spreads its wings toward the south?
27 Does the eagle soar aloft at your command
    to build its nest on the lofty heights?
28 It dwells on the cliff in security,
    spending its nights on a rocky crag.
29 From there it watches for its prey;
    its eyes are able to behold it from afar.
30 Its young ones hungrily drink the blood;
    wherever the slain are, it is there.”

Footnotes

  1. Job 39:13 The ostrich seems to be bizarre, lacking foresight, and hard on its little ones (Lam 4:3), but it has incomparable speed. Inexplicable is the bravery of the war horse, described here by a connoisseur and an artist.

Chapter 39

Do you know when mountain goats are born,
    or watch for the birth pangs of deer,
Number the months that they must fulfill,
    or know when they give birth,
When they crouch down and drop their young,
    when they deliver their progeny?
Their offspring thrive and grow in the open,
    they leave and do not return.
Who has given the wild donkey his freedom,
    and who has loosed the wild ass from bonds?
I have made the wilderness his home
    and the salt flats his dwelling.
He scoffs at the uproar of the city,
    hears no shouts of a driver.
He ranges the mountains for pasture,
    and seeks out every patch of green.
Will the wild ox consent to serve you,
    or pass the nights at your manger?
10 Will you bind the wild ox with a rope in the furrow,
    and will he plow the valleys after you?
11 Will you depend on him for his great strength
    and leave to him the fruits of your toil?
12 Can you rely on him to bring in your grain
    and gather in the yield of your threshing floor?
13 The wings of the ostrich[a] flap away;
    her plumage is lacking in feathers.
14 When she abandons her eggs on the ground[b]
    and lets them warm in the sand,
15 She forgets that a foot may crush them,
    that the wild beasts may trample them;
16 She cruelly disowns her young
    and her labor is useless; she has no fear.
17 For God has withheld wisdom from her
    and given her no share in understanding.
18 Yet when she spreads her wings high,
    she laughs at a horse and rider.
19 Do you give the horse his strength,[c]
    and clothe his neck with a mane?
20 Do you make him quiver like a locust,
    while his thunderous snorting spreads terror?
21 He paws the valley, he rejoices in his strength,
    and charges into battle.
22 He laughs at fear and cannot be terrified;
    he does not retreat from the sword.
23 Around him rattles the quiver,
    flashes the spear and the javelin.
24 Frenzied and trembling he devours the ground;
    he does not hold back at the sound of the trumpet;
25     at the trumpet’s call he cries, “Aha!”
Even from afar he scents the battle,
    the roar of the officers and the shouting.
26 Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars,
    that he spreads his wings toward the south?
27 Does the eagle fly up at your command
    to build his nest up high?
28 On a cliff he dwells and spends the night,
    on the spur of cliff or fortress.
29 From there he watches for his food;
    his eyes behold it afar off.
30 His young ones greedily drink blood;
    where the slain are, there is he.(A)

Footnotes

  1. 39:13 The wings of the ostrich cannot raise her from the ground, but they help her to run swiftly.
  2. 39:14–16 People thought that, because the ostrich laid her eggs on the sand, she was thereby cruelly abandoning them; cf. Lam 4:3.
  3. 39:19–25 A classic description of a war horse.

39 “Do you know when the mountain goats(A) give birth?
    Do you watch when the doe bears her fawn?(B)
Do you count the months till they bear?
    Do you know the time they give birth?(C)
They crouch down and bring forth their young;
    their labor pains are ended.
Their young thrive and grow strong in the wilds;
    they leave and do not return.

“Who let the wild donkey(D) go free?
    Who untied its ropes?
I gave it the wasteland(E) as its home,
    the salt flats(F) as its habitat.(G)
It laughs(H) at the commotion in the town;
    it does not hear a driver’s shout.(I)
It ranges the hills(J) for its pasture
    and searches for any green thing.

“Will the wild ox(K) consent to serve you?(L)
    Will it stay by your manger(M) at night?
10 Can you hold it to the furrow with a harness?(N)
    Will it till the valleys behind you?
11 Will you rely on it for its great strength?(O)
    Will you leave your heavy work to it?
12 Can you trust it to haul in your grain
    and bring it to your threshing floor?

13 “The wings of the ostrich flap joyfully,
    though they cannot compare
    with the wings and feathers of the stork.(P)
14 She lays her eggs on the ground
    and lets them warm in the sand,
15 unmindful that a foot may crush them,
    that some wild animal may trample them.(Q)
16 She treats her young harshly,(R) as if they were not hers;
    she cares not that her labor was in vain,
17 for God did not endow her with wisdom
    or give her a share of good sense.(S)
18 Yet when she spreads her feathers to run,
    she laughs(T) at horse and rider.

19 “Do you give the horse its strength(U)
    or clothe its neck with a flowing mane?
20 Do you make it leap like a locust,(V)
    striking terror(W) with its proud snorting?(X)
21 It paws fiercely, rejoicing in its strength,(Y)
    and charges into the fray.(Z)
22 It laughs(AA) at fear, afraid of nothing;
    it does not shy away from the sword.
23 The quiver(AB) rattles against its side,
    along with the flashing spear(AC) and lance.
24 In frenzied excitement it eats up the ground;
    it cannot stand still when the trumpet sounds.(AD)
25 At the blast of the trumpet(AE) it snorts, ‘Aha!’
    It catches the scent of battle from afar,
    the shout of commanders and the battle cry.(AF)

26 “Does the hawk take flight by your wisdom
    and spread its wings toward the south?(AG)
27 Does the eagle soar at your command
    and build its nest on high?(AH)
28 It dwells on a cliff and stays there at night;
    a rocky crag(AI) is its stronghold.
29 From there it looks for food;(AJ)
    its eyes detect it from afar.
30 Its young ones feast on blood,
    and where the slain are, there it is.”(AK)

God Continues to Challenge Job

39 “Do you know the time when the wild (A)mountain goats bear young?
Or can you mark when (B)the deer gives birth?
Can you number the months that they fulfill?
Or do you know the time when they bear young?
They bow down,
They bring forth their young,
They deliver their [a]offspring.
Their young ones are healthy,
They grow strong with grain;
They depart and do not return to them.

“Who set the wild donkey free?
Who loosed the bonds of the [b]onager,
(C)Whose home I have made the wilderness,
And the [c]barren land his dwelling?
He scorns the tumult of the city;
He does not heed the shouts of the driver.
The range of the mountains is his pasture,
And he searches after (D)every green thing.

“Will the (E)wild ox be willing to serve you?
Will he bed by your manger?
10 Can you bind the wild ox in the furrow with ropes?
Or will he plow the valleys behind you?
11 Will you trust him because his strength is great?
Or will you leave your labor to him?
12 Will you trust him to bring home your [d]grain,
And gather it to your threshing floor?

13 “The wings of the ostrich wave proudly,
But are her wings and pinions like the kindly stork’s?
14 For she leaves her eggs on the ground,
And warms them in the dust;
15 She forgets that a foot may crush them,
Or that a wild beast may break them.
16 She (F)treats her young harshly, as though they were not hers;
Her labor is in vain, without [e]concern,
17 Because God deprived her of wisdom,
And did not (G)endow her with understanding.
18 When she lifts herself on high,
She scorns the horse and its rider.

19 “Have you given the horse strength?
Have you clothed his neck with [f]thunder?
20 Can you [g]frighten him like a locust?
His majestic snorting strikes terror.
21 He paws in the valley, and rejoices in his strength;
(H)He gallops into the clash of arms.
22 He mocks at fear, and is not frightened;
Nor does he turn back from the sword.
23 The quiver rattles against him,
The glittering spear and javelin.
24 He devours the distance with fierceness and rage;
Nor does he come to a halt because the trumpet has sounded.
25 At the blast of the trumpet he says, ‘Aha!’
He smells the battle from afar,
The thunder of captains and shouting.

26 “Does the hawk fly by your wisdom,
And spread its wings toward the south?
27 Does the (I)eagle mount up at your command,
And (J)make its nest on high?
28 On the rock it dwells and resides,
On the crag of the rock and the stronghold.
29 From there it spies out the prey;
Its eyes observe from afar.
30 Its young ones suck up blood;
And (K)where the slain are, there it is.

Footnotes

  1. Job 39:3 Lit. pangs
  2. Job 39:5 A species of wild donkey
  3. Job 39:6 Lit. salt land
  4. Job 39:12 Lit. seed
  5. Job 39:16 Lit. fear
  6. Job 39:19 Or a mane
  7. Job 39:20 make him spring