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Elihu’s Fourth Speech[a]

Chapter 36

God Renders Justice to the Afflicted.[b] Elihu then proceeded further and said:

“Be patient a little longer while I instruct you,
    for I have more to say on God’s behalf.
I will take my knowledge from afar
    to support my assertion that my Master is just.
I promise that there will be no flaws in my arguments;
    I come before you as a man of sound learning.
“God is mighty and does not recant;
    he is great because of firmness of heart.
He does not let the wicked live on in all vigor
    and renders justice to the afflicted.
He does not withdraw his eyes from the righteous,
    but he seats them forever with kings on the throne,
    and they are exalted forever.
“He will also have sinners fettered with chains
    and held fast by the bonds of affliction
after having denounced their conduct
    and the sins of pride that they have committed.
10 He opens their ears to correction,
    commanding them to turn back from their evil ways.
11 “If they obey and once again serve him,
    they will live out their days in prosperity,
    and their years will pass pleasantly.
12 But if they do not obey him,
    they will cross the river of death
    and die as a result of their stubbornness.
13 Those whose hearts turn away from God rage against him,
    and they do not cry for help when he chains them.
14 They die in the bloom of their youth
    after a dissolute life.
15 But God rescues the suffering from their affliction,
    employing their distress to instruct them.
16 “He also seeks to snatch you from torment.
    When you were enjoying a life of comfort
    with abundant riches and plenteous food,
17 you refused to bring the wicked to trial
    or to uphold the rights of the orphan.
18 Beware lest abundance cloud your judgment
    and that you not be corrupted by lavish gifts.
19 Bring the powerful to justice, not merely the poor,
    those who are powerful, not only the weak.
20 “Do not long for the night
    when you can drag people away from their homes.
21 Take care not to turn to evil;
    that is why you are now being tested by affliction.

God Is Truly Great[c]

22 “Behold, God is exalted in his power.
    What teacher can equal him?
23 Who has prescribed the course he should follow?
    Who can dare to say to him, ‘You have done wrong’?
24 “Therefore, remember to extol his work
    which men have always praised in song.
25 All men can behold it,
    admiring it from afar.
26 God is so great that he is beyond our understanding;
    the number of his years is past counting.
27 “It is God who draws up drops of water
    that he distills as rain to the streams.
28 His rain clouds pour down
    and provide abundant water for mankind.
29 “Can anyone fathom how he spreads the clouds
    as the carpeting of his tent?
30 Behold how he scatters his lightning
    and covers the depths of the sea.
31 This is how he nourishes the nations,
    providing food for them in abundance.
32 He holds the lightning in his hands
    and commands it to strike the designated mark.
33 His thunder warns us of his coming
    as he prepares for combat against iniquity.

Footnotes

  1. Job 36:1 With his usual excessive emphasis, Elihu repeats in his last discourse the main current beliefs on the justice and greatness of God: God does indeed reward the righteous and punish sinners (in direct contrast to Job’s assertions). The text, which is often corrupt, does not allow us always to determine just what is proper to Elihu.
  2. Job 36:1 God’s greatness consists in being just. He refutes the pretensions of the wicked and powerful and saves the poor. If Job could understand this, hope would arise in him. At times, the text speaks of poverty with the tone of the Gospel.
  3. Job 36:22 The sovereign wisdom of God radiates throughout the universe. In his hands, rain, tempest, and snow become calamities or benefits to accompany his justice in regard to human beings. This text is a lyrical chant of the power of God.

Elihu dépeint le sort des justes et des coupables

36 Elihu continua et dit:

Attends un peu, et je vais poursuivre,
Car j’ai des paroles encore pour la cause de Dieu.
Je prendrai mes raisons de loin,
Et je prouverai la justice de mon créateur.
Sois-en sûr, mes discours ne sont pas des mensonges,
Mes sentiments devant toi sont sincères.
Dieu est puissant, mais il ne rejette personne;
Il est puissant par la force de son intelligence.
Il ne laisse pas vivre le méchant,
Et il fait droit aux malheureux.
Il ne détourne pas les yeux de dessus les justes,
Il les place sur le trône avec les rois,
Il les y fait asseoir pour toujours, afin qu’ils soient élevés.
Viennent-ils à tomber dans les chaînes,
Sont-ils pris dans les liens de l’adversité,
Il leur dénonce leurs œuvres,
Leurs transgressions, leur orgueil;
10 Il les avertit pour leur instruction,
Il les exhorte à se détourner de l’iniquité.
11 S’ils écoutent et se soumettent,
Ils achèvent leurs jours dans le bonheur,
Leurs années dans la joie.
12 S’ils n’écoutent pas, ils périssent par le glaive,
Ils expirent dans leur aveuglement.
13 Les impies se livrent à la colère,
Ils ne crient pas à Dieu quand il les enchaîne;
14 Ils perdent la vie dans leur jeunesse,
Ils meurent comme les débauchés.
15 Mais Dieu sauve le malheureux dans sa misère,
Et c’est par la souffrance qu’il l’avertit.
16 Il te retirera aussi de la détresse,
Pour te mettre au large, en pleine liberté,
Et ta table sera chargée de mets succulents.
17 Mais si tu défends ta cause comme un impie,
Le châtiment est inséparable de ta cause.
18 Que l’irritation ne t’entraîne pas à la moquerie,
Et que la grandeur de la rançon ne te fasse pas dévier!
19 Tes cris suffiraient-ils pour te sortir d’angoisse,
Et même toutes les forces que tu pourrais déployer?
20 Ne soupire pas après la nuit,
Qui enlève les peuples de leur place.
21 Garde-toi de te livrer au mal,
Car la souffrance t’y dispose.

Elihu évoque les voies insondables de Dieu

22 Dieu est grand par sa puissance;
Qui saurait enseigner comme lui?
23 Qui lui prescrit ses voies?
Qui ose dire: Tu fais mal?
24 Souviens-toi d’exalter ses œuvres,
Que célèbrent tous les hommes.
25 Tout homme les contemple,
Chacun les voit de loin.
26 Dieu est grand, mais sa grandeur nous échappe,
Le nombre de ses années est impénétrable.
27 Il attire à lui les gouttes d’eau,
Il les réduit en vapeur et forme la pluie;
28 Les nuages la laissent couler,
Ils la répandent sur la foule des hommes.
29 Et qui comprendra le déchirement de la nuée,
Le fracas de sa tente?
30 Voici, il étend autour de lui sa lumière,
Et il se cache jusque dans les profondeurs de la mer.
31 Par ces moyens il juge les peuples,
Et il donne la nourriture avec abondance.
32 Il prend la lumière dans sa main,
Il la dirige sur ses adversaires.
33 Il s’annonce par un grondement;
Les troupeaux pressentent son approche.

36 Elihu continued:

“Bear with me a little longer and I will show you
    that there is more to be said in God’s behalf.
I get my knowledge from afar;(A)
    I will ascribe justice to my Maker.(B)
Be assured that my words are not false;(C)
    one who has perfect knowledge(D) is with you.(E)

“God is mighty,(F) but despises no one;(G)
    he is mighty, and firm in his purpose.(H)
He does not keep the wicked alive(I)
    but gives the afflicted their rights.(J)
He does not take his eyes off the righteous;(K)
    he enthrones them with kings(L)
    and exalts them forever.(M)
But if people are bound in chains,(N)
    held fast by cords of affliction,(O)
he tells them what they have done—
    that they have sinned arrogantly.(P)
10 He makes them listen(Q) to correction(R)
    and commands them to repent of their evil.(S)
11 If they obey and serve him,(T)
    they will spend the rest of their days in prosperity(U)
    and their years in contentment.(V)
12 But if they do not listen,
    they will perish by the sword[a](W)
    and die without knowledge.(X)

13 “The godless in heart(Y) harbor resentment;(Z)
    even when he fetters them, they do not cry for help.(AA)
14 They die in their youth,(AB)
    among male prostitutes of the shrines.(AC)
15 But those who suffer(AD) he delivers in their suffering;(AE)
    he speaks(AF) to them in their affliction.(AG)

16 “He is wooing(AH) you from the jaws of distress
    to a spacious place(AI) free from restriction,(AJ)
    to the comfort of your table(AK) laden with choice food.(AL)
17 But now you are laden with the judgment due the wicked;(AM)
    judgment and justice have taken hold of you.(AN)
18 Be careful that no one entices you by riches;
    do not let a large bribe(AO) turn you aside.(AP)
19 Would your wealth(AQ) or even all your mighty efforts
    sustain you so you would not be in distress?
20 Do not long for the night,(AR)
    to drag people away from their homes.[b]
21 Beware of turning to evil,(AS)
    which you seem to prefer to affliction.(AT)

22 “God is exalted in his power.(AU)
    Who is a teacher like him?(AV)
23 Who has prescribed his ways(AW) for him,(AX)
    or said to him, ‘You have done wrong’?(AY)
24 Remember to extol his work,(AZ)
    which people have praised in song.(BA)
25 All humanity has seen it;(BB)
    mortals gaze on it from afar.
26 How great is God—beyond our understanding!(BC)
    The number of his years is past finding out.(BD)

27 “He draws up the drops of water,(BE)
    which distill as rain to the streams[c];(BF)
28 the clouds pour down their moisture
    and abundant showers(BG) fall on mankind.(BH)
29 Who can understand how he spreads out the clouds,
    how he thunders(BI) from his pavilion?(BJ)
30 See how he scatters his lightning(BK) about him,
    bathing the depths of the sea.(BL)
31 This is the way he governs[d] the nations(BM)
    and provides food(BN) in abundance.(BO)
32 He fills his hands with lightning
    and commands it to strike its mark.(BP)
33 His thunder announces the coming storm;(BQ)
    even the cattle make known its approach.[e](BR)

Footnotes

  1. Job 36:12 Or will cross the river
  2. Job 36:20 The meaning of the Hebrew for verses 18-20 is uncertain.
  3. Job 36:27 Or distill from the mist as rain
  4. Job 36:31 Or nourishes
  5. Job 36:33 Or announces his coming— / the One zealous against evil

36 Elihu also proceeded, and said,

Suffer me a little, and I will shew thee that I have yet to speak on God's behalf.

I will fetch my knowledge from afar, and will ascribe righteousness to my Maker.

For truly my words shall not be false: he that is perfect in knowledge is with thee.

Behold, God is mighty, and despiseth not any: he is mighty in strength and wisdom.

He preserveth not the life of the wicked: but giveth right to the poor.

He withdraweth not his eyes from the righteous: but with kings are they on the throne; yea, he doth establish them for ever, and they are exalted.

And if they be bound in fetters, and be holden in cords of affliction;

Then he sheweth them their work, and their transgressions that they have exceeded.

10 He openeth also their ear to discipline, and commandeth that they return from iniquity.

11 If they obey and serve him, they shall spend their days in prosperity, and their years in pleasures.

12 But if they obey not, they shall perish by the sword, and they shall die without knowledge.

13 But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.

14 They die in youth, and their life is among the unclean.

15 He delivereth the poor in his affliction, and openeth their ears in oppression.

16 Even so would he have removed thee out of the strait into a broad place, where there is no straitness; and that which should be set on thy table should be full of fatness.

17 But thou hast fulfilled the judgment of the wicked: judgment and justice take hold on thee.

18 Because there is wrath, beware lest he take thee away with his stroke: then a great ransom cannot deliver thee.

19 Will he esteem thy riches? no, not gold, nor all the forces of strength.

20 Desire not the night, when people are cut off in their place.

21 Take heed, regard not iniquity: for this hast thou chosen rather than affliction.

22 Behold, God exalteth by his power: who teacheth like him?

23 Who hath enjoined him his way? or who can say, Thou hast wrought iniquity?

24 Remember that thou magnify his work, which men behold.

25 Every man may see it; man may behold it afar off.

26 Behold, God is great, and we know him not, neither can the number of his years be searched out.

27 For he maketh small the drops of water: they pour down rain according to the vapour thereof:

28 Which the clouds do drop and distil upon man abundantly.

29 Also can any understand the spreadings of the clouds, or the noise of his tabernacle?

30 Behold, he spreadeth his light upon it, and covereth the bottom of the sea.

31 For by them judgeth he the people; he giveth meat in abundance.

32 With clouds he covereth the light; and commandeth it not to shine by the cloud that cometh betwixt.

33 The noise thereof sheweth concerning it, the cattle also concerning the vapour.