Rebellion of God’s People

The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz concerning (A)Judah and Jerusalem, which he saw during the [a]reigns of (B)Uzziah, (C)Jotham, (D)Ahaz, and (E)Hezekiah, kings of Judah.

(F)Listen, heavens, and hear, (G)earth;
For the Lord has spoken:
(H)Sons I have raised and brought up,
But they have (I)revolted against Me.
An ox knows its owner,
And a donkey its master’s manger,
But Israel (J)does not know,
My people (K)do not understand.”

Oh, sinful nation,
People weighed down with guilt,
[b](L)Offspring of evildoers,
Sons who (M)act corruptly!
They have (N)abandoned the Lord,
They have (O)despised the Holy One of Israel,
They have turned away [c]from Him.

Where will you be stricken again,
As you (P)continue in your rebellion?
The entire head is (Q)sick
And the entire heart is faint.
(R)From the sole of the foot even to the head
There is (S)nothing healthy in it,
Only bruises, slashes, and raw wounds;
(T)Not pressed out nor bandaged,
Nor softened with oil.

Your (U)land is desolate,
Your cities are burned with fire;
As for your fields, strangers are devouring them in front of you;
It is desolation, as overthrown by strangers.
The daughter of Zion is left like a shelter in a vineyard,
Like a watchman’s hut in a cucumber field, like a city under watch.
(V)If the Lord of armies
Had not left us a few (W)survivors,
We would be like (X)Sodom,
We would be like Gomorrah.

God Has Had Enough

10 Hear (Y)the word of the Lord,
You rulers of (Z)Sodom;
Listen to the instruction of our God,
You people of Gomorrah!
11 (AA)What are your many sacrifices to Me?”
Says the Lord.
“I [d]have had enough of burnt offerings of rams
And the fat of fattened cattle;
And I take no pleasure in the blood of bulls, lambs, or goats.
12 When you come (AB)to appear before Me,
Who requires [e]of you this trampling of My courtyards?
13 Do not go on bringing your worthless offerings,
(AC)Incense is an abomination to Me.
(AD)New moon and Sabbath, the (AE)proclamation of an assembly—
I cannot (AF)endure wrongdoing and the festive assembly.
14 [f]I hate your new moon festivals and your (AG)appointed feasts,
They have become a burden to Me;
I am (AH)tired of bearing them.
15 So when you (AI)spread out your hands in prayer,
(AJ)I will hide My eyes from you;
Yes, even though you (AK)offer many prayers,
I will not be listening.
(AL)Your hands are [g]covered with blood.

16 (AM)Wash yourselves, (AN)make yourselves clean;
(AO)Remove the evil of your deeds from My sight.
(AP)Stop doing evil,
17 Learn to do good;
(AQ)Seek justice,
Rebuke the oppressor,
(AR)Obtain justice for the orphan,
Plead for the widow’s case.

Invitation to Debate

18 “Come now, and (AS)let us [h]debate your case,”
Says the Lord,
(AT)Though your sins are as scarlet,
They shall become as white as snow;
Though they are red like crimson,
They shall be like wool.
19 (AU)If you are willing and obedient,
You will (AV)eat the best of the land;
20 But if you refuse and rebel,
You will be (AW)devoured by the sword.”
For (AX)the mouth of the Lord has spoken.

Zion Corrupted; Will Be Redeemed

21 How the faithful city has become a (AY)prostitute,
She who was full of justice!
Righteousness once dwelt in her,
But now murderers.
22 Your silver has become [i]waste matter,
Your drink diluted with water.
23 Your (AZ)rulers are rebels
And companions of thieves;
Everyone (BA)loves a bribe
And chases after gifts.
They (BB)do not obtain justice for the [j]orphan,
Nor does the widow’s case come before them.

24 Therefore the Lord [k]God of armies,
The (BC)Mighty One of Israel, declares,
“Ah, I will have satisfaction against My adversaries,
And (BD)avenge Myself on My enemies.
25 I will also turn My hand against you,
And (BE)smelt away your impurities as with lye;
And I will remove all your slag.
26 Then I will restore your (BF)judges as at first,
And your counselors as at the beginning;
After that you will be called the (BG)city of righteousness,
A faithful city.”

27 Zion will be (BH)redeemed with justice
And her [l]repentant ones with righteousness.
28 But [m]wrongdoers and sinners together will be (BI)broken,
And those who abandon the Lord will come to an end.
29 [n]You certainly will be ashamed of the [o](BJ)oaks which you have desired,
And you will be embarrassed by the (BK)gardens which you have chosen.
30 For you will be like an [p]oak whose (BL)leaf withers away,
Or like a garden that has no water.
31 The strong man will become like [q]flax fiber,
And his work a spark.
So they shall both (BM)burn together
And there will be (BN)no one to extinguish them.

God’s Universal Reign

The word which (BO)Isaiah the son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem.

Now it will come about that
(BP)In the last days
The (BQ)mountain of the house of the Lord
Will be established [r]as the chief of the mountains,
And will be raised above the hills;
And (BR)all the nations will stream to it.
And many peoples will come and say,
“Come, let’s go up to the mountain of the Lord,
To the house of the God of Jacob;
So that He may teach us [s]about His ways,
And that we may walk in His paths.”
For [t]the law will go out (BS)from Zion
And the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.
And He will judge between the nations,
And will mediate for many peoples;
And (BT)they will beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruning knives.
(BU)Nation will not lift up a sword against nation,
And never again will they learn war.

Come, (BV)house of Jacob, and let’s walk in the (BW)light of the Lord.
For You have (BX)abandoned Your people, the house of Jacob,
Because they are filled with influences from the east,
And they are soothsayers (BY)like the Philistines.
They also [u](BZ)strike bargains with the children of foreigners.
Their land has also been filled with silver and gold
And there is no end to their treasures;
Their land has also been filled with (CA)horses,
And there is no end to their chariots.
Their land has also been (CB)filled with idols;
They worship the (CC)work of their hands,
That which their fingers have made.
So (CD)the common person has been humbled
And the person of importance has been brought low,
But (CE)do not forgive them.
10 (CF)Enter the rocky place and hide in the dust
(CG)From the terror of the Lord and from the splendor of His majesty.
11 The [v](CH)proud look of humanity will be brought low,
And the (CI)arrogance of people will be humbled;
And the Lord alone will be exalted on that day.

A Day of Reckoning Coming

12 For the Lord of armies will have a day of reckoning
Against (CJ)everyone who is arrogant and haughty,
And against everyone who is lifted up,
That he may be brought low.
13 And it will be against all the cedars of Lebanon that are lofty and lifted up,
Against all the (CK)oaks of Bashan,
14 Against all the (CL)lofty mountains,
Against all the hills that are lifted up,
15 Against every (CM)high tower,
Against every fortified wall,
16 Against all the (CN)ships of Tarshish
And against all the delightful ships.
17 And the pride of humanity will be humbled
And the arrogance of people will be brought low;
And the Lord alone will be exalted on that day,
18 And the (CO)idols will completely vanish.
19 People will (CP)go into caves of the rocks
And into holes in the [w]ground
Away from the terror of the Lord
And the splendor of His majesty,
When He arises (CQ)to terrify the earth.
20 On that day people will (CR)throw away to the moles and the (CS)bats
Their idols of silver and their idols of gold,
Which they made for themselves to worship,
21 In order to (CT)go into the clefts of the rocks and the crannies of the cliffs
Before the terror of the Lord and the splendor of His majesty,
When He arises to terrify the earth.
22 [x](CU)Take no account of man, whose breath of life is in his nostrils;
For [y](CV)why should he be esteemed?

God Will Remove the Leaders

For behold, the Lord [z]God of armies (CW)is going to remove from Jerusalem and Judah
Both supply and support, the entire supply of bread
And the entire supply of water;
(CX)The mighty man and the warrior,
The judge and the prophet,
The diviner and the elder,
The captain of fifty and the esteemed person,
The counselor and the expert artisan,
And the skillful enchanter.
And I will make mere (CY)boys their leaders,
And [aa]mischievous children will rule over them,
And the people will be (CZ)oppressed,
Each one by another, and each one by his (DA)neighbor;
The youth will assault the elder,
And the contemptible person will assault the one honored.
When a man (DB)lays hold of his brother in his father’s house, saying,
“You have a cloak, you shall be our ruler!
And these ruins will be under your [ab]authority,”
He will [ac]protest on that day, saying,
“I will not be your [ad](DC)healer,
For in my house there is neither bread nor cloak;
You should not appoint me ruler of the people.”
For (DD)Jerusalem has stumbled and Judah has fallen,
Because their [ae](DE)speech and their actions are against the Lord,
To (DF)rebel against [af]His glorious presence.
[ag]The expression of their faces testifies against them,
And they [ah]display their sin like (DG)Sodom;
They do not even conceal it.
Woe to [ai]them!
For they have (DH)done evil to themselves.
10 Say to the (DI)righteous that it will go well for them,
For they will eat the fruit of their actions.
11 Woe to the wicked! It will go badly for him,
For [aj](DJ)what he deserves will be done to him.
12 My people! Their oppressors (DK)treat them violently,
And women rule over them.
My people! (DL)Those who guide you lead you astray
And confuse the direction of your paths.

God Will Judge

13 (DM)The Lord arises to contend,
And stands to judge the people.
14 The Lord (DN)enters into judgment with the elders and leaders of His people,
“It is you who have [ak](DO)devoured the vineyard;
The (DP)goods stolen from the poor are in your houses.
15 What do you mean by (DQ)crushing My people
And [al]oppressing the face of the poor?”
Declares the Lord [am]God of armies.

Judah’s Women Denounced

16 Moreover, the Lord said, “Because the (DR)daughters of Zion are haughty
And walk with [an]heads held high and seductive eyes,
And go along with mincing steps
And jingle the anklets on their feet,
17 The Lord will afflict the scalp of the daughters of Zion with scabs,
And the Lord will make their foreheads bare.”

18 On that day the Lord will take away the beauty of their anklets, headbands, (DS)crescent ornaments, 19 dangling earrings, bracelets, veils, 20 (DT)headdresses, ankle chains, sashes, perfume boxes, amulets, 21 [ao]finger rings, (DU)nose rings, 22 festive robes, outer garments, shawls, purses, 23 papyrus garments, undergarments, headbands, and veils.

24 Now it will come about that instead of (DV)balsam oil there will be a stench;
Instead of a belt, a rope;
Instead of (DW)well-set hair, a (DX)plucked-out scalp;
Instead of fine clothes, a (DY)robe of sackcloth;
And branding instead of beauty.
25 Your men will (DZ)fall by the sword
And your [ap]mighty ones in battle.
26 And her [aq](EA)gates will lament and mourn,
And she will (EB)sit deserted on the ground.

A Remnant Prepared

For seven women will take hold of (EC)one man on that day, saying, “We will eat our own bread and wear our own clothes, only let us be called by your name; (ED)take away our disgrace!”

On that day the (EE)Branch of the Lord will be beautiful and glorious, and the (EF)fruit of the earth will be the pride and the beauty of the (EG)survivors of Israel. And it will come about that the one who is (EH)left in Zion and remains behind in Jerusalem will be called (EI)holy—everyone who is (EJ)recorded for life in Jerusalem. When the Lord has washed away the filth of the (EK)daughters of Zion and [ar]purged the (EL)bloodshed of Jerusalem from her midst, by the (EM)spirit of judgment and the (EN)spirit of [as]burning, then the Lord will create over the entire area of Mount Zion and over her assemblies (EO)a cloud by day, and smoke, and the brightness of a flaming fire by night; for over all the (EP)glory will be a canopy. And there will be a (EQ)shelter to give shade from the heat by day, and refuge and [at]protection from the storm and the rain.

Notas al pie

  1. Isaiah 1:1 Lit days
  2. Isaiah 1:4 Lit Seed
  3. Isaiah 1:4 Lit backward
  4. Isaiah 1:11 Or am sated with
  5. Isaiah 1:12 Lit of your hand
  6. Isaiah 1:14 Lit My soul hates
  7. Isaiah 1:15 Lit full of
  8. Isaiah 1:18 Or argue
  9. Isaiah 1:22 Lit dross
  10. Isaiah 1:23 Or fatherless
  11. Isaiah 1:24 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  12. Isaiah 1:27 Or returning
  13. Isaiah 1:28 Lit a breaking of wrongdoers and sinners together
  14. Isaiah 1:29 As in some mss; MT They
  15. Isaiah 1:29 Or terebinths
  16. Isaiah 1:30 Or terebinth
  17. Isaiah 1:31 Lit tow
  18. Isaiah 2:2 Lit on
  19. Isaiah 2:3 Or some of
  20. Isaiah 2:3 Or instruction
  21. Isaiah 2:6 Lit clap their hands
  22. Isaiah 2:11 Lit eyes of the pride of man
  23. Isaiah 2:19 Lit dust
  24. Isaiah 2:22 Or Stop caring about
  25. Isaiah 2:22 Lit in what
  26. Isaiah 3:1 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  27. Isaiah 3:4 Or arbitrary power will rule
  28. Isaiah 3:6 Lit hand
  29. Isaiah 3:7 Lit lift up his voice
  30. Isaiah 3:7 Lit binder of wounds
  31. Isaiah 3:8 Lit tongue
  32. Isaiah 3:8 Lit the eyes of His glory
  33. Isaiah 3:9 Or Their partiality testifies
  34. Isaiah 3:9 Lit proclaim
  35. Isaiah 3:9 Lit their soul
  36. Isaiah 3:11 Lit the accomplishment of his hands
  37. Isaiah 3:14 Lit grazed over
  38. Isaiah 3:15 Lit grinding the face of
  39. Isaiah 3:15 Heb YHWH, usually rendered Lord
  40. Isaiah 3:16 Lit outstretched necks
  41. Isaiah 3:21 Or signet rings
  42. Isaiah 3:25 Lit strength
  43. Isaiah 3:26 Lit entrances
  44. Isaiah 4:4 Lit rinsed away
  45. Isaiah 4:4 Or destruction
  46. Isaiah 4:6 Lit a hiding place

These are the visions that Isaiah son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem. He saw these visions during the years when Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah were kings of Judah.[a]

A Message for Rebellious Judah

Listen, O heavens! Pay attention, earth!
    This is what the Lord says:
“The children I raised and cared for
    have rebelled against me.
Even an ox knows its owner,
    and a donkey recognizes its master’s care—
but Israel doesn’t know its master.
    My people don’t recognize my care for them.”
Oh, what a sinful nation they are—
    loaded down with a burden of guilt.
They are evil people,
    corrupt children who have rejected the Lord.
They have despised the Holy One of Israel
    and turned their backs on him.

Why do you continue to invite punishment?
    Must you rebel forever?
Your head is injured,
    and your heart is sick.
You are battered from head to foot—
    covered with bruises, welts, and infected wounds—
    without any soothing ointments or bandages.
Your country lies in ruins,
    and your towns are burned.
Foreigners plunder your fields before your eyes
    and destroy everything they see.
Beautiful Jerusalem[b] stands abandoned
    like a watchman’s shelter in a vineyard,
like a lean-to in a cucumber field after the harvest,
    like a helpless city under siege.
If the Lord of Heaven’s Armies
    had not spared a few of us,[c]
we would have been wiped out like Sodom,
    destroyed like Gomorrah.

10 Listen to the Lord, you leaders of “Sodom.”
    Listen to the law of our God, people of “Gomorrah.”
11 “What makes you think I want all your sacrifices?”
    says the Lord.
“I am sick of your burnt offerings of rams
    and the fat of fattened cattle.
I get no pleasure from the blood
    of bulls and lambs and goats.
12 When you come to worship me,
    who asked you to parade through my courts with all your ceremony?
13 Stop bringing me your meaningless gifts;
    the incense of your offerings disgusts me!
As for your celebrations of the new moon and the Sabbath
    and your special days for fasting—
they are all sinful and false.
    I want no more of your pious meetings.
14 I hate your new moon celebrations and your annual festivals.
    They are a burden to me. I cannot stand them!
15 When you lift up your hands in prayer, I will not look.
    Though you offer many prayers, I will not listen,
    for your hands are covered with the blood of innocent victims.
16 Wash yourselves and be clean!
    Get your sins out of my sight.
    Give up your evil ways.
17 Learn to do good.
    Seek justice.
Help the oppressed.
    Defend the cause of orphans.
    Fight for the rights of widows.

18 “Come now, let’s settle this,”
    says the Lord.
“Though your sins are like scarlet,
    I will make them as white as snow.
Though they are red like crimson,
    I will make them as white as wool.
19 If you will only obey me,
    you will have plenty to eat.
20 But if you turn away and refuse to listen,
    you will be devoured by the sword of your enemies.
    I, the Lord, have spoken!”

Unfaithful Jerusalem

21 See how Jerusalem, once so faithful,
    has become a prostitute.
Once the home of justice and righteousness,
    she is now filled with murderers.
22 Once like pure silver,
    you have become like worthless slag.
Once so pure,
    you are now like watered-down wine.
23 Your leaders are rebels,
    the companions of thieves.
All of them love bribes
    and demand payoffs,
but they refuse to defend the cause of orphans
    or fight for the rights of widows.

24 Therefore, the Lord, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies,
    the Mighty One of Israel, says,
“I will take revenge on my enemies
    and pay back my foes!
25 I will raise my fist against you.
    I will melt you down and skim off your slag.
    I will remove all your impurities.
26 Then I will give you good judges again
    and wise counselors like you used to have.
Then Jerusalem will again be called the Home of Justice
    and the Faithful City.”

27 Zion will be restored by justice;
    those who repent will be revived by righteousness.
28 But rebels and sinners will be completely destroyed,
    and those who desert the Lord will be consumed.

29 You will be ashamed of your idol worship
    in groves of sacred oaks.
You will blush because you worshiped
    in gardens dedicated to idols.
30 You will be like a great tree with withered leaves,
    like a garden without water.
31 The strongest among you will disappear like straw;
    their evil deeds will be the spark that sets it on fire.
They and their evil works will burn up together,
    and no one will be able to put out the fire.

The Lord’s Future Reign

This is a vision that Isaiah son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem:

In the last days, the mountain of the Lord’s house
    will be the highest of all—
    the most important place on earth.
It will be raised above the other hills,
    and people from all over the world will stream there to worship.
People from many nations will come and say,
“Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord,
    to the house of Jacob’s God.
There he will teach us his ways,
    and we will walk in his paths.”
For the Lord’s teaching will go out from Zion;
    his word will go out from Jerusalem.
The Lord will mediate between nations
    and will settle international disputes.
They will hammer their swords into plowshares
    and their spears into pruning hooks.
Nation will no longer fight against nation,
    nor train for war anymore.

A Warning of Judgment

Come, descendants of Jacob,
    let us walk in the light of the Lord!
For the Lord has rejected his people,
    the descendants of Jacob,
because they have filled their land with practices from the East
    and with sorcerers, as the Philistines do.
    They have made alliances with pagans.
Israel is full of silver and gold;
    there is no end to its treasures.
Their land is full of warhorses;
    there is no end to its chariots.
Their land is full of idols;
    the people worship things they have made
    with their own hands.
So now they will be humbled,
    and all will be brought low—
    do not forgive them.
10 Crawl into caves in the rocks.
    Hide in the dust
from the terror of the Lord
    and the glory of his majesty.
11 Human pride will be brought down,
    and human arrogance will be humbled.
Only the Lord will be exalted
    on that day of judgment.

12 For the Lord of Heaven’s Armies
    has a day of reckoning.
He will punish the proud and mighty
    and bring down everything that is exalted.
13 He will cut down the tall cedars of Lebanon
    and all the mighty oaks of Bashan.
14 He will level all the high mountains
    and all the lofty hills.
15 He will break down every high tower
    and every fortified wall.
16 He will destroy all the great trading ships[d]
    and every magnificent vessel.
17 Human pride will be humbled,
    and human arrogance will be brought down.
Only the Lord will be exalted
    on that day of judgment.

18 Idols will completely disappear.
19 When the Lord rises to shake the earth,
    his enemies will crawl into holes in the ground.
They will hide in caves in the rocks
    from the terror of the Lord
    and the glory of his majesty.
20 On that day of judgment they will abandon the gold and silver idols
    they made for themselves to worship.
They will leave their gods to the rodents and bats,
21     while they crawl away into caverns
    and hide among the jagged rocks in the cliffs.
They will try to escape the terror of the Lord
    and the glory of his majesty
    as he rises to shake the earth.
22 Don’t put your trust in mere humans.
    They are as frail as breath.
    What good are they?

Judgment against Judah

The Lord, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies,
    will take away from Jerusalem and Judah
everything they depend on:
    every bit of bread
    and every drop of water,
all their heroes and soldiers,
    judges and prophets,
    fortune-tellers and elders,
army officers and high officials,
    advisers, skilled sorcerers, and astrologers.

I will make boys their leaders,
    and toddlers their rulers.
People will oppress each other—
    man against man,
    neighbor against neighbor.
Young people will insult their elders,
    and vulgar people will sneer at the honorable.

In those days a man will say to his brother,
“Since you have a coat, you be our leader!
    Take charge of this heap of ruins!”
But he will reply,
    “No! I can’t help.
I don’t have any extra food or clothes.
    Don’t put me in charge!”

For Jerusalem will stumble,
    and Judah will fall,
because they speak out against the Lord and refuse to obey him.
    They provoke him to his face.
The very look on their faces gives them away.
    They display their sin like the people of Sodom
    and don’t even try to hide it.
They are doomed!
    They have brought destruction upon themselves.

10 Tell the godly that all will be well for them.
    They will enjoy the rich reward they have earned!
11 But the wicked are doomed,
    for they will get exactly what they deserve.

12 Childish leaders oppress my people,
    and women rule over them.
O my people, your leaders mislead you;
    they send you down the wrong road.

13 The Lord takes his place in court
    and presents his case against his people.[e]
14 The Lord comes forward to pronounce judgment
    on the elders and rulers of his people:
“You have ruined Israel, my vineyard.
    Your houses are filled with things stolen from the poor.
15 How dare you crush my people,
    grinding the faces of the poor into the dust?”
    demands the Lord, the Lord of Heaven’s Armies.

A Warning to Jerusalem

16 The Lord says, “Beautiful Zion[f] is haughty:
craning her elegant neck,
    flirting with her eyes,
walking with dainty steps,
    tinkling her ankle bracelets.
17 So the Lord will send scabs on her head;
    the Lord will make beautiful Zion bald.”

18 On that day of judgment
    the Lord will strip away everything that makes her beautiful:
ornaments, headbands, crescent necklaces,
19     earrings, bracelets, and veils;
20 scarves, ankle bracelets, sashes,
    perfumes, and charms;
21 rings, jewels,
22     party clothes, gowns, capes, and purses;
23 mirrors, fine linen garments,
    head ornaments, and shawls.

24 Instead of smelling of sweet perfume, she will stink.
    She will wear a rope for a sash,
    and her elegant hair will fall out.
She will wear rough burlap instead of rich robes.
    Shame will replace her beauty.[g]
25 The men of the city will be killed with the sword,
    and her warriors will die in battle.
26 The gates of Zion will weep and mourn.
    The city will be like a ravaged woman,
    huddled on the ground.

In that day so few men will be left that seven women will fight for each man, saying, “Let us all marry you! We will provide our own food and clothing. Only let us take your name so we won’t be mocked as old maids.”

A Promise of Restoration

But in that day, the branch[h] of the Lord
    will be beautiful and glorious;
the fruit of the land will be the pride and glory
    of all who survive in Israel.
All who remain in Zion
    will be a holy people—
those who survive the destruction of Jerusalem
    and are recorded among the living.
The Lord will wash the filth from beautiful Zion[i]
    and cleanse Jerusalem of its bloodstains
    with the hot breath of fiery judgment.
Then the Lord will provide shade for Mount Zion
    and all who assemble there.
He will provide a canopy of cloud during the day
    and smoke and flaming fire at night,
    covering the glorious land.
It will be a shelter from daytime heat
    and a hiding place from storms and rain.

Notas al pie

  1. 1:1 These kings reigned from 792 to 686 B.c.
  2. 1:8 Hebrew The daughter of Zion.
  3. 1:9 Greek version reads a few of our children. Compare Rom 9:29.
  4. 2:16 Hebrew every ship of Tarshish.
  5. 3:13 As in Greek and Syriac versions; Hebrew reads against the peoples.
  6. 3:16 Or The women of Zion (with corresponding changes to plural forms through verse 24); Hebrew reads The daughters of Zion; also in 3:17.
  7. 3:24 As in Dead Sea Scrolls; Masoretic Text reads robes / because instead of beauty.
  8. 4:2 Or the Branch.
  9. 4:4 Or from the women of Zion; Hebrew reads from the daughters of Zion.